EP0579808A1

EP0579808A1 - Device for filtering gases using a biological filter material

Info

Publication number: EP0579808A1
Application number: EP93903882A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Detlef Eitner; Manfred Marson
Original assignee: BRAINTECH PLANUNG UND BAU VON INDUSTRIEANLAGEN GmbH
Current assignee: BRAINTECH PLANUNG UND BAU VON INDUSTRIEANLAGEN GmbH
Priority date: 1992-02-01
Filing date: 1993-01-27
Publication date: 1994-01-26
Also published as: DE4202947A1; WO1993014861A1

Abstract

L'invention a pour but de fournir des installations de filtrationde faible encombrement et d'un fonctionnement économique, à l'aide d'un dispositif de filtration de gaz utilisant un matériau filtrant biologique présentant des micro-organismes, des moyens étant prévus pour humidifier le gaz à filtrer, ainsi qu'un ventilateur comprimant le courant gazeux à travers la masse filtrante biologique. Ce but est atteint grâce au fait qu'il est prévu dans une enveloppe commune, du bas vers le haut, par rapport au sens de gravité, un dispositif d'humidification (2), une grille support (11) et sur celle-ci, au moins une charge (12) constituée par une masse filtrante biologique, cependant qu'il est prévu, dans le sens de gravité, vers le bas, l'alimentation en gaz (13) et, dans le sens de gravité, vers le haut, la sortie (14) du courant gazeux filtré.The object of the invention is to provide filtration installations with a small footprint and an economical operation, using a gas filtration device using a biological filter material having microorganisms, means being provided for humidifying. the gas to be filtered, as well as a fan compressing the gas stream through the biological filtering mass. This object is achieved thanks to the fact that there is provided in a common envelope, from the bottom up, relative to the direction of gravity, a humidification device (2), a support grid (11) and thereon. , at least one charge (12) constituted by a biological filtering mass, however there is provided, in the direction of gravity, downwards, the gas supply (13) and, in the direction of gravity, towards the top, the outlet (14) of the filtered gas stream.

Description

"Device for filtering gases using biological filter material"

The invention relates to a device for filtering gases using biological filter material provided with microorganisms, with a device for moistening the gas to be filtered and with a ventilator which presses the gas flow through the biological filter mass.

So-called biofilter systems for gas cleaning are known per se. It is known to set up a large-area aeration floor for the filter material, air which is adjustable in its humidity being pressed through the aeration floor from below through the filter material. Such large-area filter systems can also be used for composting or for storing materials to be aerated and the like. Such a large-area biological filter system is described for example in DE-36 34 377-AI.

There are areas of application in which such large-area filter systems are either not used because the gas flow to be cleaned is comparatively small, or there are structural features which make it impossible to set up large-area systems. The object of the invention is to provide a solution with which economically working small-volume filter systems are made possible.

With a device of the type mentioned in the introduction, this object is achieved according to the invention in that in a common housing in the direction of gravity from the bottom up the humidifying device, a support grid and at least one bed of biological filter material lying on it is provided, with the gas supply in the direction of gravity below and the outlet for the filtered gas flow is provided at the top in the direction of gravity.

The compact design of a filter device according to the invention in a common housing with a humidification device and biological bulk material makes it possible to biologically clean even smaller volumes of contaminated gas streams.

Further embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims. It is advantageous to provide a pump sump with a desludging device to circulate the water that humidifies the gas stream. There are cases in which a certain biological filter material is not able to remove all gas impurities. According to the invention, it can be provided here to provide a plurality of floors of filter bases, possibly equipped with different biological filter material, within a common housing. However, this can also be achieved according to the invention in that, for example, individual filter systems are connected in series in the gas flow direction.

The device itself can be designed in a modular design, for example a humidification module and at least one filter mass module can be combined into one unit.

To increase the throughput, it can also be provided that a plurality of biofilters are connected in parallel and / or in series.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, for example. This shows in

1 shows a simplified side view, partially broken away, of a device according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a humidification module approximately according to Line II in Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a simplified side view of a modified embodiment and in

4 shows an example of the arrangement of devices connected in parallel.

The device generally designated 1, also referred to overall as a biofilter, is shown in the example shown as a filter system consisting of individual modules. A lower module 2 used for humidification is provided on its upper side with a filter module, generally designated 3. A humidification module and a pump 5 for circulating water are provided in a pump sump 4 (not shown in more detail). The necessary fittings are indicated, for example a manometer 6, a thermometer 7, a dry-running contactor 8, a float valve 9 and a drainage device 10, whereby an additional support grate 11 can be provided for shielding.

The filter module 3 has at least one filter base 11, with a bed 12 of biological material provided with microorganisms. The gas inlet is indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 1, it bears the reference number 13. The Gas outlet is not shown in detail, only indicated by arrow 14 in FIG. 1. Here, for example, the device 1 can be designed to be open at the top, so that the gas introduced by the blower denoted by 15 can escape upward unhindered.

The nozzle assembly required for humidification is designated by 16 in FIG. 2, possible inspection ducts both in the humidification module 2 and in the filter module 3 are indicated with 17. In addition to the filter module 3, a further module provided with a filter base and a bed can be placed on it, this is indicated in FIG. 1, this additional module has the reference symbol 3 '.

FIG. 3 shows a modified exemplary embodiment, the same reference numerals being used as far as possible as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.

Here, the device, generally designated 1, is preceded, for example, by a first washing module 18 and a second washing module 19, viewed in the direction of flow, which wash the raw gas to be treated, if appropriate, with chemicals originating from a chemical tank 20, the chemicals being able to be circulated . Such washing can be particularly useful if such contents Are substances that are toxic to the microorganisms used in the biofilter module. Possibly. can be carried out in the washing module 19, it being noted at this point that the washing modules 18 and 19 can, depending on the application, alternatively or additionally be connected downstream of the biofilter module 1.

In order to prevent chemical discharge from one stage to the other, only indicated droplet separators 21 are provided in the figure. A compact system shown here can be operated in suction and / or pressure mode, depending on the arrangement of the individual stages.

It should also be noted that the bed 12a of the biomass can be constructed in several layers, the layers lying directly on top of one another or arranged at a distance from one another. Two beds can also be provided, each of which can be of a multi-layer design.

4 it is indicated that three devices 1a, 1b and 1c connected in parallel can be provided with a common blower 15a. As already indicated above, devices connected in series can also be provided here u. Like. more.

Claims

Expectations ;

1. Device for filtering gases using biological filter material provided with microorganisms with a device for moistening the gas to be filtered and with a fan pressing the gas flow through the biological filter mass, characterized in that in a common housing in the direction of gravity the humidification device (2), a support grate (11) and at least one bed (12) of biological filter material are provided from bottom to top, the gas feed (13) in the direction of gravity below and the outlet (14) for in the direction of gravity above the filtered gas flow is provided.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the housing is designed as a pump sump (4) for the moistening device with a liquid pump (5) and with a desludging device (8).

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized. that at least two beds (12, 12 ') of filter material are provided in a common housing.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in addition a further, one- or multi-stage washing stage e.g. for washing out ingredients having a toxic effect on microorganisms.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that a neutralization stage or the washing stage (s) is assigned.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (1) is designed in a modular design with a humidifying module (2) with Pumpen¬ control devices, switching and monitoring devices and at least one biofilter module (3).

7. Biofilter system with a plurality of devices according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least two filter units (la, lb, 1c) connected in series and / or in parallel. 8. Biofilter system according to claim 7, characterized by additional washing and / or neutralization stages which are upstream and / or downstream of the filter unit (s).

CHANGED REQUIREMENTS

[Received at the International Office on July 16, 1993 (July 16, 1993); original claims 1 and 4 replaced by amended claim 1; remaining claims unchanged and numbered 2-7 (2 pages)

1. Device for filtering gases using biological filter material provided with microorganisms, a humidification device (2), a support grate (11) and at least one bed () lying thereon in a common housing in the direction of gravity. 12) made of biological filter material, the gas supply (13) in the direction of gravity at the bottom and an outlet (14) for the filtered gas flow in the direction of gravity at the top, characterized in that in the common housing a further one or more elements stage washing stage (18, 19) is provided for treating the gases with chemicals.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least two beds (12, 12 ') of filter material are provided in a common housing.

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a neutralization stage is assigned to the washing stage (s).

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (1) is designed in a modular design with a humidifying module (2) with Pumpen¬ control devices, switching and monitoring devices and at least one biofilter module (3).

6. Biofilter system with a plurality of devices according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least two filter units (la, 1b, 1c) connected in series and / or in parallel.

7. Biofilter system according to claim 6, characterized by additional washing and / or neutralization stages which are upstream and / or downstream of the filter unit (s).