EP0575355B1 - Demulsifying cleaning agent - Google Patents

Demulsifying cleaning agent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0575355B1
EP0575355B1 EP92904748A EP92904748A EP0575355B1 EP 0575355 B1 EP0575355 B1 EP 0575355B1 EP 92904748 A EP92904748 A EP 92904748A EP 92904748 A EP92904748 A EP 92904748A EP 0575355 B1 EP0575355 B1 EP 0575355B1
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Prior art keywords
cleaning agent
agent according
sulphonates
weight ratio
anionic
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0575355A1 (en
EP0575355B2 (en
Inventor
Reinhold HÖLLE
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Alfred Kaercher SE and Co KG
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Alfred Kaercher SE and Co KG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/123—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from carboxylic acids, e.g. sulfosuccinates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a demulsifying cleaning agent which is particularly suitable for removing oil and grease contamination.
  • the area of use of such demulsifying cleaning agents is in particular the area of vehicle washing systems, such as Car wash systems or train cleaning systems are provided, in which high-pressure cleaning devices are often used.
  • the cleaning agents used up to now which are used to clean painted and unpainted surfaces of vehicles, engines, floors, facades, airplanes, etc., remove the oil and grease contaminants by emulsifying from the surface and transfer the oil and fat components as well as the contaminant particles contained therein in the transport medium water.
  • FR-A 21 63 577 discloses a large number of nonionic agents, some combined with anionic surfactants, as wash-active mixtures for use in car washes. However, this document does not disclose any demulsifying surfactant mixtures.
  • Another surfactant mixture for car washes is known from GB-A 2 134 132, which contains a proportion of an organic solvent in addition to the surfactants. However, these surfactant mixtures have no demulsifying effect.
  • EP-A 213 554 also discloses a demulsifying cleaning agent with a surface moisturizing effect, the composition of which contains nonionic and anionic surfactants is particularly suitable for the absorption of fats and oils and for cleaning vertical surfaces, the so-called surface moisturizing effect due to the special formulation of the cleaning agent is achieved.
  • this cleaning agent separates the oil and fat components of the contaminants through the demulsifying effect, so that these components can be separated from the dirty water phase.
  • the cleaning effect of these cleaning agents is overall unsatisfactory, especially with regard to the removal of mineral soiling, e.g. Dusts or pollen
  • the object of the invention is to propose a demulsifying cleaning agent which, in a wide temperature range, removes oil and greases as well as mineral contaminants from the objects to be cleaned in a satisfactory form and which in particular also removes all types of hydrocarbons emulsified in the cleaning phase when resting separates the waste water immediately as a separate phase.
  • the cleaning agent of the present invention should also be particularly suitable for use in high-pressure cleaning devices and brush washing systems.
  • the separation effect in the wastewater should in particular also meet the new requirements for the wastewater to be discharged into the public sewer network, as specified, for example, in Appendix 49 of the General Framework Administrative Regulation on minimum requirements for the discharge of wastewater into waters of December 19, 1989.
  • Cleaning agents of this type are ideally suited to cleaning oil and grease-containing contaminations, which in particular also contain mineral contaminants, such as dusts or pollen, in a wide temperature range from approx. 15 to 70 ° C. Those emulsified during the cleaning process Hydrocarbons, fats and oils of any kind are immediately separated from the wastewater at rest, and so completely that the separable demulsified wastewater fully complies with the latest wastewater regulations.
  • the cleaning agents according to the invention achieve a very good cleaning effect with economical use of cleaning agents.
  • An essential advantage of the cleaning agent according to the invention is that the demulsifying properties are not lost even over the wide temperature range from 15 to 70 ° C., which cannot be guaranteed with conventional cleaning agents of this type.
  • 15 ° C is usually the water temperature that the cold water from the public water supply has.
  • the temperature of 70 ° C is usually not exceeded when a hot water high pressure jet impacts a cleaning object.
  • the cleaning agent according to the invention can be used universally for all possible types of dirt, in particular also for mixed soiling from oil and fat as well as mineral soiling, the demulsifying effect is not lost.
  • the key feature here is the mixing ratio of the nonionic surfactants, which is expressed in the HLB G value.
  • the ratio of anionic and nonionic surfactants is also critical, since incorrect mixing can also disrupt the demulsifying effect.
  • the cleaning agents according to the invention can be present both in solid form and in liquid form.
  • the cleaning agent according to the invention can be formulated as a concentrate or as an agent prepared with water.
  • a solubilizer is added in an amount of 0.5 to 18% by weight, depending on the solubility of the individual components in water.
  • a particular advantage of the present detergent mixtures is that they can be made free of phosphates.
  • alkylbenzenesulfonates are preferred as the anionic surfactant, so that preferred cleaning agents predominantly contain those as anionic surfactants, the weight ratio V between nonionic and anionic surfactants in this case being 3.5 to 12.5.
  • dialkyl sulfonate succinates have also proven useful as anionic surfactants, and in the event that these anionic surfactants are predominantly present in the cleaning agent, a weight ratio V of 2.9 to 11 is selected.
  • anionic surfactants are the alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, the weight ratio V then being set at 3.5 to 12.
  • alkyl sulfonates Another group of substances with which very good cleaning effects are achieved are the alkyl sulfonates, and in this case the weight ratio V will preferably be 4 to 16.
  • the salts of sodium and ammonium and of triethanolamine are preferred.
  • the demulsifying effect of the cleaning agents according to the invention is somewhat concentration-dependent and, surprisingly, the concentration with which the best demulsifying effect is obtained coincides with the concentration range which results as the minimum surfactant concentration range.
  • the nonionic surfactants are preferred from the group of C 13 - 15 -oxo alcohols selected, which may represent the total non-ionic surfactant alone or in admixture with Cs to C15 fatty alcohol compounds.
  • nonionic surfactants in the cleaning agent according to the invention Due to the relatively high proportion of nonionic surfactants in the cleaning agent according to the invention, these can be processed very well using cold and hot water high-pressure devices without the operation of the device being impaired by noticeable incrustations in the temperature range above 60 ° C.
  • complexing agents or builders are usually contained in the cleaning agent in a proportion of 0.5 to 25% by weight.
  • Corrosion inhibitors for light and non-ferrous metals can of course also be added to the cleaning agent according to the invention.
  • the weight fraction of these substances is often between 0.1 and 25% by weight of the detergent.
  • colorants and fragrances are usually also added to the cleaning agent, but these play a minor role in terms of their weight percentage.
  • the latter are usually between 0.0005 and 0.4% by weight.
  • additives such as e.g. Complexing agents, corrosion inhibitors, dyes and fragrances for the cleaning agent according to the invention do not change its basic structure and characteristics, but that only additional, already known side effects are used here.
  • the complexing agents are usually selected from the group EDTA, NTA, phosphonic acids and their soluble salts.
  • the substances can be used individually or as a mixture.
  • the cleaning agent according to the invention is used as a solid agent, so-called fillers are often added, which can make up between 10 and 80% by weight of the cleaning agent.
  • Suitable fillers are e.g. Soda, borax, sulfates and urea.
  • the cleaning agent can also have an alkaline content added, which can be, for example, up to 9% by weight of NaOH.
  • the cleaning agent For cleaning applications with a different approach, it may be advisable to give the cleaning agent an acidic pH, and in this case an inorganic or organic acid is added, which can make up to 25% by weight of the cleaning agent.
  • solubilizers are used, as described above.
  • the group of cumene sulfonates and their salts has proven to be favorable.
  • formulations 1, 3 and 4 relating to liquid detergents and formulation 2 a solid detergent.
  • the formulation 5 mentioned below relates again to a liquid cleaning agent and this cleaning agent was compared with the cleaning effect of a comparison formulation which is a customary, highly effective car shampoo according to the prior art.
  • the number of times is defined as the ratio of the cleaning time of recipe 5 required for complete degreasing to the time required to achieve complete degreasing with the comparison recipe.
  • the percentages relate to percent of the detergent according to recipe 5 or the comparison recipe in water.
  • test tubes 200 ml long, 15 mm in diameter
  • 50 ml detergent solution (recipe 5) in concentrations of 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1% and Given 0.05% and mixed with 0.2 g of red-colored spindle oil.
  • recipe 5 The optimal application concentration of recipe 5 is 0.5%, but it can also be processed with acceptable demulsifying properties in the range of 0.25 - 2.5%.
  • the principle of operation of the oil analyzer is based on the DIN regulation DIN 38 409 H18.

Abstract

A demulsifying cleaning agent which can be used over a wide range of temperatures and which removes oils, fats and mineral impurities contains one or more nonionic tensides (NT) with a mean total HLB value (HLBG) greater than 12.0 to approximately 13.5 and one or more anionic tensides (AT) from the series of aliphatic or aromatic sulphonates. The nonionic tenside (NT) and the anionic tenside (AT) are present in a weight ratio V, where V = parts by weight NT/parts by weight AT (free acid form), which lies between approximately 2.9 and 16 if salts of aliphatic sulphonic acids are used and between 3.5 and 12.5 if salts of aromatic sulphonic acids are used.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein demulgierendes Reinigungsmittel, welches sich insbesondere zur Entfernung von Öl- und Fettverschmutzungen eignet.The invention relates to a demulsifying cleaning agent which is particularly suitable for removing oil and grease contamination.

Als Einsatzbereich solcher demulgierenden Reinigungsmittel ist insbesondere der Bereich der Fahrzeugwaschanlagen, wie z.B. Autowaschanlagen oder Zugreinigungsanlagen vorgesehen, bei denen häufig Hochdruckreinigungsgeräte zum Einsatz kommen.The area of use of such demulsifying cleaning agents is in particular the area of vehicle washing systems, such as Car wash systems or train cleaning systems are provided, in which high-pressure cleaning devices are often used.

Die bisher verwendeten Reinigungsmittel, die zur Reinigung von lackierten und nicht lackierten Oberflächen von Fahrzeugen, Motoren, Fußböden, Fassaden, Flugzeugen usw. Verwendung finden, entfernen die öl- und fetthaltigen Verschmutzungen durch Emulgieren von der Oberfläche und überführen die ÖI- und Fettanteile sowie die darin enthaltenen Schmutzstoffpartikel in das Transportmedium Wasser.The cleaning agents used up to now, which are used to clean painted and unpainted surfaces of vehicles, engines, floors, facades, airplanes, etc., remove the oil and grease contaminants by emulsifying from the surface and transfer the oil and fat components as well as the contaminant particles contained therein in the transport medium water.

Schwergewicht wird bei diesen Reinigungsmitteln lediglich auf die vollständige Entfernung des Schmutzes gelegt. Durch die stabile Emulgierung der ÖI- und Fettanteile, aber auch der zumindest teilweise stattfindenden Dispersion der Feststoffpartikel ist eine Trennung dieser Verschmutzungen aus dem Abwasser in der Reinigungsanlage nicht oder nur mit sehr großem Aufwand möglich.The focus of these cleaning agents is only on the complete removal of dirt. Due to the stable emulsification of the oil and fat components, but also the at least partial dispersion of the solid particles, it is not possible or only with great effort to separate these contaminants from the waste water in the cleaning system.

Aus der FR-A 21 63 577 ist eine Vielzahl nichtionischer Agenzien, teilweise kombiniert mit anionischen Tensiden als waschaktive Mischungen zur Verwendung in Autowaschanlagen, bekannt. Jedoch offenbart diese Druckschrift keine demulgierenden Tensidmischungen. Eine weitere Tensidmischung für Autowaschanlagen ist aus der GB-A 2 134 132 bekannt, welche neben den Tensiden einen Anteil eines organischen Lösungsmittels enthält. Diese Tensidmischungen weisen jedoch keinen demulgierenden Effekt auf.FR-A 21 63 577 discloses a large number of nonionic agents, some combined with anionic surfactants, as wash-active mixtures for use in car washes. However, this document does not disclose any demulsifying surfactant mixtures. Another surfactant mixture for car washes is known from GB-A 2 134 132, which contains a proportion of an organic solvent in addition to the surfactants. However, these surfactant mixtures have no demulsifying effect.

Aus der EP-A 213 554 ist außerdem ein demulgierendes Reinigungsmittel mit Flächenfeuchthalteeffekt bekannt, dessen nichtionische und anionische Tenside enthaltende Zusammensetzung sich insbesondere für die Aufnahme von Fetten und Ölen und für die Reinigung senkrechter Flächen eignet, wobei durch die spezielle Formulierung des Reinigungsmittels ein sogenannter Flächenfeuchthalteeffekt erzielt wird.EP-A 213 554 also discloses a demulsifying cleaning agent with a surface moisturizing effect, the composition of which contains nonionic and anionic surfactants is particularly suitable for the absorption of fats and oils and for cleaning vertical surfaces, the so-called surface moisturizing effect due to the special formulation of the cleaning agent is achieved.

Dieses Reinigungsmittel scheidet zwar nach einer gewissen Standzeit die ÖI- und Fettanteile der Verunreinigungen durch den Demulgiereffekt ab, so daß sich diese Anteile aus der Schmutzwasserphase abtrennen lassen. Der Reinigungseffekt dieser Reinigungsmittel ist jedoch ingesamt unbefriedigend, vor allem im Hinblick auf die Entfernung von mineralischen Verschmutzungen, wie z.B. Stäuben oder Pollen Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein demulgierendes Reinigungsmittel vorzuschlagen, das in einem weiten Temperaturbereich sowohl Öl und Fette als auch mineralische Verschmutzungen von den zu reinigenden Gegenständen in befriedigender Form ablöst und welches außerdem insbesondere die in der Reinigungsphase emulgierten Kohlenwasserstoffe jeglicher Art beim Ruhen des Abwassers sofort als getrennte Phase abscheidet.After a certain period of time, this cleaning agent separates the oil and fat components of the contaminants through the demulsifying effect, so that these components can be separated from the dirty water phase. However, the cleaning effect of these cleaning agents is overall unsatisfactory, especially with regard to the removal of mineral soiling, e.g. Dusts or pollen The object of the invention is to propose a demulsifying cleaning agent which, in a wide temperature range, removes oil and greases as well as mineral contaminants from the objects to be cleaned in a satisfactory form and which in particular also removes all types of hydrocarbons emulsified in the cleaning phase when resting separates the waste water immediately as a separate phase.

Das Reinigungsmittel der vorliegenden Erfindung sollte sich ferner insbesondere für den Einsatz in Hochdruckreinigungsgeräten und Bürstenwaschanlagen eignen.The cleaning agent of the present invention should also be particularly suitable for use in high-pressure cleaning devices and brush washing systems.

Die Abscheidewirkung im Abwasser soll insbesondere auch den neuen Anforderungen an die in das öffentliche Kanalnetz einzuleitenden Abwässern genügen, wie dies beispielsweise im Anhang 49 der Allgemeinen Rahmenverwaltungsvorschrift über Mindestanforderungen an das Einleiten von Abwässern in Gewässer vom 19. Dezember 1989 festgelegt ist.The separation effect in the wastewater should in particular also meet the new requirements for the wastewater to be discharged into the public sewer network, as specified, for example, in Appendix 49 of the General Framework Administrative Regulation on minimum requirements for the discharge of wastewater into waters of December 19, 1989.

Die vorstehende Aufgabe wird bei dem eingangs beschriebenen Reinigungsmittel erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Reinigungsmittel

  • - ein oder mehrere nichtionische Tenside (NT) mit einem mittleren Gesamt-HLB-Wert (HLBG) von > 12,0 bis 13,5 umfaßt und ferner
  • - ein oder mehrere anionische Tenside (AT) aus der Reihe der aliphatischen oder aromatischen Sulfonate enthält, ausgenommen Dialkylsulfosuccinate ohne Beimischung anderer Sulfonate,
  • - wobei die nichtionischen Tenside (NT) und die anionischen Tenside (AT) in einem Gewichtsverhältnis V vorliegen, welches sich als
    Figure imgb0001
    ergibt, und im Fall der Verwendung von aliphatischen Sulfonsäuresalzen im Bereich von 2,9 bis 16 und im Falle der Verwendung vom aromatischen Sulfonsäuresalzen im Bereich von 3,5 bis 12,5 gewählt wird.
The above object is achieved with the cleaning agent described in the introduction in that the cleaning agent
  • - One or more nonionic surfactants (NT) with an average total HLB value (HLB G ) of> 12.0 to 13.5 and further
  • contains one or more anionic surfactants (AT) from the series of aliphatic or aromatic sulfonates, with the exception of dialkyl sulfosuccinates without the addition of other sulfonates,
  • - The nonionic surfactants (NT) and the anionic surfactants (AT) are present in a weight ratio V, which is known as
    Figure imgb0001
     results, and in the case of the use of aliphatic sulfonic acid salts in the range from 2.9 to 16 and in the case of the use of aromatic sulfonic acid salts in the range from 3.5 to 12.5.

Reinigungsmittel dieser Art sind hervorragend geeignet, um öl- und fetthaltige Verschmutzungen, die insbesondere auch mineralische Verschmutzungsanteile, wie Stäube oder Pollen beinhalten, in einem breiten Temperaturbereich von ca. 15 bis 70 ° C zu reinigen. Die bei dem Reinigungsvorgang emulgierten Kohlenwasserstoffe, Fette und Öle jeglicher Art werden sofort aus dem Abwasser im Ruhezustand abgeschieden, und zwar so vollständig, daß das abtrennbare demulgierte Abwasser den jüngsten Abwasservorschriften vollständig entspricht.Cleaning agents of this type are ideally suited to cleaning oil and grease-containing contaminations, which in particular also contain mineral contaminants, such as dusts or pollen, in a wide temperature range from approx. 15 to 70 ° C. Those emulsified during the cleaning process Hydrocarbons, fats and oils of any kind are immediately separated from the wastewater at rest, and so completely that the separable demulsified wastewater fully complies with the latest wastewater regulations.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel erzielen eine sehr gute Reinigungswirkung bei sparsamem Reinigungsmitteleinsatz.The cleaning agents according to the invention achieve a very good cleaning effect with economical use of cleaning agents.

Ein wesentlicher Vorzug des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels liegt darin, daß selbst über den großen Temperaturbereich von 15 bis 70 ° C die demulgierenden Eigenschaften nicht verloren gehen, was bei herkömmlichen Reinigungsmitteln dieser Art nicht gewährleistet ist. 15°C ist in der Regel die Wassertemperatur, die das kalte Wasser aus der öffentlichen Wasserversorgung aufweist. Die Temperatur von 70 ° C wird in der Regel beim Aufprall eines Heißwasserhochdruckstrahles auf ein Reinigungsobjekt nicht überschritten.An essential advantage of the cleaning agent according to the invention is that the demulsifying properties are not lost even over the wide temperature range from 15 to 70 ° C., which cannot be guaranteed with conventional cleaning agents of this type. 15 ° C is usually the water temperature that the cold water from the public water supply has. The temperature of 70 ° C is usually not exceeded when a hot water high pressure jet impacts a cleaning object.

Obwohl das erfindungsgemäße Reinigungsmittel universal für alle möglichen Schmutzarten einsetzbar ist, insbesondere auch für gemischte Verschmutzungen aus Öl und Fett sowie mineralischen Verschmutzungen, geht der demulgierende Effekt nicht verloren. Zentrales Merkmal ist hier das Mischungsverhältnis der nichtionischen Tenside, welches sich über den HLBG-Wert ausdrückt.Although the cleaning agent according to the invention can be used universally for all possible types of dirt, in particular also for mixed soiling from oil and fat as well as mineral soiling, the demulsifying effect is not lost. The key feature here is the mixing ratio of the nonionic surfactants, which is expressed in the HLB G value.

Kritisch ist auch das Verhältnis von anionischen und nichtionischen Tensiden, da auch hier eine nicht korrekte Abmischung den Demulgiereffekt stören kann.The ratio of anionic and nonionic surfactants is also critical, since incorrect mixing can also disrupt the demulsifying effect.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel können sowohl in fester Form als auch in flüssiger Form vorliegen. Das erfindungsgemäße Reinigungsmittel kann als Konzentrat oder auch als mit Wasser angesetztes Mittel formuliert werden.The cleaning agents according to the invention can be present both in solid form and in liquid form. The cleaning agent according to the invention can be formulated as a concentrate or as an agent prepared with water.

Um bei den flüssigen, wasserhaltigen Reinigungsmitteln eine klare Lösung zu erhalten, wird in Abhängigkeit der Löslichkeit der einzelnen Komponenten in Wasser ein Lösungsvermittler in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 18 Gew.% zugefügt.In order to obtain a clear solution for the liquid, water-containing cleaning agents, a solubilizer is added in an amount of 0.5 to 18% by weight, depending on the solubility of the individual components in water.

Ein besonderer Vorteil der vorliegenden Reinigungsmittelmischungen ist der, daß sie phosphatfrei hergestellt werden können.A particular advantage of the present detergent mixtures is that they can be made free of phosphates.

Umfangreiche Versuche haben gezeigt, daß als anionisches Tensid Alkylbenzolsulfonate zu bevorzugen sind, so daß bevorzugte Reinigungsmittel überwiegend solche als anionische Tenside enthalten, wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis V zwischen nichtionischen und anionischen Tensiden in diesem Fall 3,5 bis 12,5 beträgt.Extensive tests have shown that alkylbenzenesulfonates are preferred as the anionic surfactant, so that preferred cleaning agents predominantly contain those as anionic surfactants, the weight ratio V between nonionic and anionic surfactants in this case being 3.5 to 12.5.

Alternativ hierzu haben sich als anionische Tenside auch Dialkylsulfonatsuccinate bewährt, und im Falle, daß diese anionischen Tenside überwiegend im Reinigungsmittel vertreten sind, wird ein Gewichtsverhältnis V von 2,9 bis 11 gewählt.As an alternative, dialkyl sulfonate succinates have also proven useful as anionic surfactants, and in the event that these anionic surfactants are predominantly present in the cleaning agent, a weight ratio V of 2.9 to 11 is selected.

Eine weitere Alternative stellen für die anionischen Tenside die Alkylnaphthalinsulfonate dar, wobei das dann das Gewichtsverhältnis V auf 3,5 bis 12 eingestellt wird.Another alternative for the anionic surfactants are the alkylnaphthalenesulfonates, the weight ratio V then being set at 3.5 to 12.

Eine weitere Substanzgruppe, mit der sehr gute Reinigungswirkungen erzielt werden, sind die Alkylsulfonate, und in diesem Fall wird das Gewichtsverhältnis V vorzugsweise 4 bis 16 betragen.Another group of substances with which very good cleaning effects are achieved are the alkyl sulfonates, and in this case the weight ratio V will preferably be 4 to 16.

Bei den Alkylbenzolsulfonaten werden die Salze des Natriums und des Ammoniums sowie des Triethanolamins bevorzugt.In the case of the alkylbenzenesulfonates, the salts of sodium and ammonium and of triethanolamine are preferred.

Es wurde ferner festgestellt, daß der Demulgiereffekt der erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel etwas konzentrationsabhängig ist und erstaunlicherweise fällt die Konzentration, mit der der beste Demulgiereffekt erhalten wird, mit dem Konzentrationsbereich zusammen, der sich als minimaler Tensidkonzentrationsbereich ergibt.It has also been found that the demulsifying effect of the cleaning agents according to the invention is somewhat concentration-dependent and, surprisingly, the concentration with which the best demulsifying effect is obtained coincides with the concentration range which results as the minimum surfactant concentration range.

Dadurch läßt sich ein sparsamer Reinigungsmittelverbrauch und eine gute Reinigungswirkung in einem breiten Temperaturbereich bei bestmöglichem demulgierenden Effekt bei der Abwasserreinigung gewährleisten.This ensures economical consumption of detergents and a good cleaning effect in a wide temperature range with the best possible demulsifying effect in wastewater treatment.

Die nichtionischen Tenside werden bevorzugt aus der Gruppe der C13-15-Oxoalkohole ausgewählt, welche allein oder in Mischung mit Cs bis C15-Fettalkoholverbindungen den gesamt nichtionischen Tensidanteil stellen können.The nonionic surfactants are preferred from the group of C 13 - 15 -oxo alcohols selected, which may represent the total non-ionic surfactant alone or in admixture with Cs to C15 fatty alcohol compounds.

Es ist allerdings auch möglich, als nichtionische Tenside allein Cs bis C15-Fettalkoholverbindungen einzusetzen.However, it is also possible to use Cs to C 15 fatty alcohol compounds alone as nonionic surfactants.

Aufgrund des relativ hohen Anteils an nichtionischen Tensiden in dem erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel lassen sich diese sehr gut über Kalt- und Heißwasserhochdruckgeräte verarbeiten, ohne daß der Betrieb des Gerätes durch merkliche Inkrustationen im Temperaturbereich oberhalb von 60 ° C beeinträchtigt würde. Je nach Härte des zur Verfügung stehenden Wassers wird empfohlen, einen Anteil an Komplexbildner im Reinigungsmittel vorzusehen, um die vorhandene Wasserhärte zum komplexieren. Diese Komplexbildner oder auch Builder genannt, sind gewöhnlich mit einem Anteil von 0,5 bis 25 Gew.% in dem Reinigungsmittel enthalten.Due to the relatively high proportion of nonionic surfactants in the cleaning agent according to the invention, these can be processed very well using cold and hot water high-pressure devices without the operation of the device being impaired by noticeable incrustations in the temperature range above 60 ° C. Depending on the hardness of the water available, it is recommended to provide a proportion of complexing agents in the cleaning agent in order to complex the existing water hardness. These complexing agents or builders are usually contained in the cleaning agent in a proportion of 0.5 to 25% by weight.

Selbstverständlich können dem erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel zusätzlich Korrosioninhibitoren für Leicht- und Buntmetalle zugesetzt werden. Der Gewichtsanteil dieser Substanzen beträgt häufig zwischen 0,1 und 25 Gew.% des Reinigungsmittels.Corrosion inhibitors for light and non-ferrous metals can of course also be added to the cleaning agent according to the invention. The weight fraction of these substances is often between 0.1 and 25% by weight of the detergent.

Daneben wird üblicherweise auch ein Zusatz von Farb- und Duftstoffen in das Reinigungsmittel gegeben, die jedoch von ihrem Gewichtsanteil her eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen. Letztere liegen üblicherweise zwischen 0,0005 und 0,4 Gew.%.In addition, colorants and fragrances are usually also added to the cleaning agent, but these play a minor role in terms of their weight percentage. The latter are usually between 0.0005 and 0.4% by weight.

Es sei an dieser Stelle festgehalten, daß Zusätze, wie z.B. Komplexbildner, Korrosioninhibitoren, Farb-und Duftstoffe zum erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel dieses in seiner grundlegenden Struktur und Charakteristik nicht ändern, sondern daß hier nur zusätzliche, bereits bekannte Seiteneffekte genutzt werden.It should be noted at this point that additives such as e.g. Complexing agents, corrosion inhibitors, dyes and fragrances for the cleaning agent according to the invention do not change its basic structure and characteristics, but that only additional, already known side effects are used here.

Insbesondere ändert sich nichts an dem ausgezeichneten Demulgierverhalten über einen großen Temperaturbereich und an der ausgezeichneten Reinigungswirkung sowohl für öl- und fetthaltige Verschmutzungen als auch solche Verschmutzungen, die stark mit Straßenstaubpollen etc. durchsetzt sind.In particular, nothing changes in the excellent demulsification behavior over a wide temperature range and in the excellent cleaning effect both for oil and fat-containing soiling and for soiling which is heavily permeated with street dust pollen etc.

Die Komplexbildner werden üblicherweise aus der Gruppe EDTA, NTA, Phosphonsäuren und deren löslichen Salzen ausgewählt. Dabei können die Substanzen im einzelnen oder aber als Gemisch eingesetzt werden.The complexing agents are usually selected from the group EDTA, NTA, phosphonic acids and their soluble salts. The substances can be used individually or as a mixture.

Im Falle der Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels als festes Mittel werden häufig sogenannte Füllstoffe zugegeben, die zwischen 10 und 80 Gew.% des Reinigungsmittels ausmachen können.If the cleaning agent according to the invention is used as a solid agent, so-called fillers are often added, which can make up between 10 and 80% by weight of the cleaning agent.

Geeignete Füllstoffe sind z.B. Soda, Borax, Sulfate sowie Harnstoff.Suitable fillers are e.g. Soda, borax, sulfates and urea.

Um speziellen Ansprüchen gerecht zu werden, kann dem Reinigungsmittel auch ein alkalischer Anteil zugegeben werden, der beispielsweise bis zu 9 Gew.% NaOH sein kann.In order to meet special requirements, the cleaning agent can also have an alkaline content added, which can be, for example, up to 9% by weight of NaOH.

Bei anders gelagerten Reinigungsanwendungen kann es sich empfehlen, dem Reinigungsmittel einen sauren pH zu verleihen und in diesem Falle wird eine anorganische bzw. organische Säure zugesetzt, die bis zu 25 Gew.% des Reinigungsmittels ausmachen kann.For cleaning applications with a different approach, it may be advisable to give the cleaning agent an acidic pH, and in this case an inorganic or organic acid is added, which can make up to 25% by weight of the cleaning agent.

Soll eine klare Flüssigkeit als Reinigungsmittel erhalten werden, werden, wie zuvor beschrieben, Lösungsvermittler eingesetzt. Hierbei hat sich die Gruppe der Cumolsulfonate und deren Salze als günstig erwiesen.If a clear liquid is to be obtained as a cleaning agent, solubilizers are used, as described above. The group of cumene sulfonates and their salts has proven to be favorable.

Es sei an dieser Stelle darauf hingewiesen, daß das Cumolsulfonat nicht unter die anionischen Tenside in Form von aromatischen Sulfonaten gezählt werden kann, da das Cumolsulfonat keinerlei Tensidwirkung entfaltet.It should be pointed out here that the cumene sulfonate cannot be counted among the anionic surfactants in the form of aromatic sulfonates, since the cumene sulfonate has no surfactant effect.

Im folgenden seien einige Beispiele für bevorzugte Rezepturen für Reinigungsmittel mit Demulgiereffekt gegeben, wobei die Rezepturen 1, 3 und 4 flüssige Reinigungsmittel betreffen und die Rezeptur 2 ein festes Reinigungsmittel.The following are some examples of preferred formulations for detergents with a demulsifying effect, formulations 1, 3 and 4 relating to liquid detergents and formulation 2 a solid detergent.

Sämtliche %-Angaben sind Gew.%.All percentages are percentages by weight.

Rezeptur 1:

  • 2 % Triethanolaminsalz der Alkylbenzolsulfonsäure Alkylrest = ca. C,12
  • 8 % C13-15-Oxoalkohol + 7 EO; HLB = ca. 12
  • 8 % Cio-Oxoalkohol + 7 EO; HLB = ca. 13
  • 5 % Nitrilotriacetat-Trinatriumsalz 40 %ige Lösung
  • 3 % Natriumcumolsulfonat 40 %ige Lösung
  • 0,5 % Farbstoffe, Duftstoffe, Konservierungsmittel
  • 73,5 % dem. Wasser
Recipe 1:
  • 2% triethanolamine salt of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid alkyl residue = approx. C, 12
  • 8% C 13 - 15 oxo alcohol + 7 EO; HLB = approx. 12
  • 8% Cio-Oxo Alcohol + 7 EO; HLB = approx. 13
  • 5% nitrilotriacetate trisodium salt 40% solution
  • 3% sodium cumene sulfonate 40% solution
  • 0.5% dyes, fragrances, preservatives
  • 73.5% of that. water

Rezeptur 2:

  • 2,6 % c12-14-Fettalkohol + 8 EO; 90 %ig HLB = ca. 13
  • 2,8 % C11 -Oxoalkohol + 7 EO; 90 %
  • 1,0 % Na-Salz der Alkylbenzolsulfonsäure 92 %iges Pulver
  • 22,5 % NTA Nitrilotriacetat-Trinatriumsalz 92 %iges Pulver
  • 35,0 % Soda calciniert
  • 25,0 % Na-Metasilikat ● 5H20
  • 5,5 % Harnstoff
  • 4,0 % Natriumsulfat schwer
  • 1,5 % Natriumcumolsulfonat Pulver
  • 0,1 % Farbstoffe/Duftstoffe
Recipe 2:
  • 2.6% c12-14 fatty alcohol + 8 EO; 90% HLB = approx. 13
  • 2.8% C 11 oxo alcohol + 7 EO; 90%
  • 1.0% Na salt of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid 92% powder
  • 22.5% NTA nitrilotriacetate trisodium salt 92% powder
  • 35.0% soda ash
  • 25.0% Na metasilicate ● 5H20
  • 5.5% urea
  • 4.0% heavy sodium sulfate
  • 1.5% sodium cumene sulfonate powder
  • 0.1% dyes / fragrances

Rezeptur 3:

  • 2,5 % Na-Dioctylsulfosuccinat; 60 %ige Lösung
  • 1,5 % C1 3-15 Alkylsulfonat-Na-Salz; 65 %ige Lösung
  • 10,0 % Cio-Oxoalkohol + 7 EO; HLB = ca. 13
  • 11,5 % NTA Nitrilotriacetat-Trinatriumsalz 40 %ige Lösung
  • 3,0 % Na-Cumolsulfonat 40 %ige Lösung
  • 0,2 % Duftstoffe, Farbstoffe, Konservierungsmittel
  • 71,3 % dem. Wasser.
Recipe 3:
  • 2.5% Na dioctyl sulfosuccinate; 60% solution
  • 1.5% C 1 3-15 alkyl sulfonate Na salt; 65% solution
  • 10.0% Cio oxo alcohol + 7 EO; HLB = approx. 13
  • 11.5% NTA nitrilotriacetate trisodium salt 40% solution
  • 3.0% Na cumene sulfonate 40% solution
  • 0.2% fragrances, dyes, preservatives
  • 71.3% of that. Water.

Rezeptur 4:

  • 8,5 % C11-Oxoalkohol + 7 EO; 90 %ige Lösung
  • 2,0 % Triethanolaminsalz der Alkylbenzolsulfonsäure Alkylrest = C1 2
  • 3,0 % Aminotrimethylenphosphonsäure (ATMP); 50 %ige Lösung
  • 2,4 % NaOH 50 %ige Lösung
  • 1,5 % Na-Cumolsulfonat; 40 %ige Lösung
  • 82,6 % dem. Wasser.
Recipe 4:
  • 8.5% C 11 oxo alcohol + 7 EO; 90% solution
  • 2.0% triethanolamine salt of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid alkyl radical = C 1 2
  • 3.0% aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP); 50% solution
  • 2.4% NaOH 50% solution
  • 1.5% Na cumene sulfonate; 40% solution
  • 82.6% of that. Water.

Die nachfolgend benannte Rezeptur 5 betrifft wieder ein flüssiges Reinigungsmittel und dieses Reinigungsmittel wurde mit der Reinigungswirkung einer Vergleichsrezeptur, die ein übliches, hochwirksames Autoshampoo nach dem Stand der Technik darstellt, verglichen.The formulation 5 mentioned below relates again to a liquid cleaning agent and this cleaning agent was compared with the cleaning effect of a comparison formulation which is a customary, highly effective car shampoo according to the prior art.

Rezeptur 5:

  • 2,65 % Alkylbenzolsulfonat, Alkylrest = ca. C12
  • 5,00 % C10-Oxoalkohol + 11 EO
  • 5,00 % C1 3-15 -Oxoalkohol + 8 EO
  • 25,00 % Nitrilotriacetat-Trinatriumsalz 40 %ige Lösung
  • 18,00 % Natriumcumolsulfonat; 40 %ige Lösung
  • 44,35 % dem. Wasser
Recipe 5:
  • 2.65% alkylbenzenesulfonate, alkyl radical = approx. C 12
  • 5.00% C 10 oxo alcohol + 11 EO
  • 5.00% C 1 3-15 oxo alcohol + 8 EO
  • 25.00% nitrilotriacetate trisodium salt 40% solution
  • 18.00% sodium cumene sulfonate; 40% solution
  • 44.35% of that. water

Vergleichsrezeptur:

  • 5,00 % Alkylphenolethoxylat Alkylrest = ca. Cs EO-Grad = ca. 6
  • 15,00 % Natriumcumolsulfonat
  • 15,00 % Ethersulfat Natriumsalz R-0-(CH2-CH2-0)2S03 R C12-14
  • 1,00 % NaOH
  • 64,00 % dem Wasser
  • Bei den Tests wurde ein Testschmutz mit folgender Zusammensetzung verwendet:
  • 90,0 Gew.% Spindelöl
  • 5,0 Gew.% Aktivkohle
  • 5,0 Gew.% Quarzsand (fein)
Comparison recipe:
  • 5.00% alkylphenol ethoxylate alkyl radical = approx. C s EO degree = approx. 6
  • 15.00% sodium cumene sulfonate
  • 15.00% ether sulfate sodium salt R-0- (CH 2 -CH 2 -0) 2 S0 3 RC 12-14
  • 1.00% NaOH
  • 64.00% the water
  • Test dirt with the following composition was used in the tests:
  • 90.0% by weight spindle oil
  • 5.0% by weight activated carbon
  • 5.0% by weight quartz sand (fine)

Reinigungswirkung:

  • Das Reinigungsmittel gemäß Rezeptur 5 und gemäß der Vergleichsrezeptur wurden auf ihre Reinigungswirkung in Abhängigkeit der Reinigungszeit untersucht. Dabei wurde die Konzentration des Reinigungsmittels zwischen 0,5 % und 50 % variiert. Die Ergebnisse sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle enthalten.
Cleaning effect:
  • The cleaning agent according to recipe 5 and according to the comparison recipe were examined for their cleaning effect depending on the cleaning time. The concentration of the cleaning agent was varied between 0.5% and 50%. The results are shown in the table below.

Die Zeitzahl wird dabei definiert als Verhältnis der für eine vollständige Entfettung benötigten Reinigungszeit der Rezeptur 5 zur Zeit, die benötigt wird, um mit der Vergleichsrezeptur eine vollständige Entfettung zu erreichen.The number of times is defined as the ratio of the cleaning time of recipe 5 required for complete degreasing to the time required to achieve complete degreasing with the comparison recipe.

Beim Vergleich der eingesetzten Reinigungsmittelkonzentrationen wird deutlich, daß im Bereich von ca. 0,5 bis 5 Gew.% des Reinigungsmittels gemäß Rezeptur 5 in Wasser der beste, d.h. der schnellste, Reinigungsvorgang erzielt wird. Ferner wurde für die Rezeptur 5 der Demulgiereffekt in einem weiten Konzentrationsbereich untersucht.When comparing the detergent concentrations used, it is clear that in the range of approx. 0.5 to 5% by weight of the detergent according to recipe 5, the best, i.e. the fastest, cleaning process is achieved. Furthermore, the demulsifying effect was investigated in a wide concentration range for recipe 5.

Die Prozentzahlen beziehen sich jeweils auf Prozent des Reinigungsmittels gemäß Rezeptur 5 oder der Vergleichsrezeptur in Wasser.

Figure imgb0002
The percentages relate to percent of the detergent according to recipe 5 or the comparison recipe in water.
Figure imgb0002

Demulgierung:Demulsification:

In Reagenzgläser (200 ml lang, Durchmesser 15 mm) wurden je 50 ml Reinigungsmittellösung (Rezeptur 5) in Konzentrationen von 5 %, 3 %, 2 %, 1 %, 0,5 %, 0,25 %, 0,1 % und 0,05 % gegeben und jeweils mit 0,2 g rotgefärbtem Spindelöl versetzt.In test tubes (200 ml long, 15 mm in diameter) 50 ml detergent solution (recipe 5) in concentrations of 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1% and Given 0.05% and mixed with 0.2 g of red-colored spindle oil.

Dieses Gemisch wurde mit einem Spatelrührer (80 x 15 x 1,5 mm) bei einer Eintauchtiefe von 80 mm in einer Umdrehungszahl von 2.000 Umdrehungen/Minute zwei Minuten lang gerührt. Nach sofortiger Entfernung des Rührers wurden die Lösungen 5 Minuten lang ruhig stehengelassen. Danach wurde auf halber Flüssigkeitshöhe 2 ml Probe entnommen und mit einem Spektrallinienfotometer bei einer Wellenlänge von 535 nm die Extinktion des noch vorhandenen rotgefärbten Öls gemessen. Der Ölfarbstoff Sudanrot 403 flüssig absorbiert bei dieser Wellenlänge sehr gut und ist mit 0,05 % im Spindelöl enthalten.This mixture was stirred with a spatula stirrer (80 x 15 x 1.5 mm) at an immersion depth of 80 mm at a speed of 2,000 revolutions / minute for two minutes. After the stirrer was immediately removed, the solutions were left to stand for 5 minutes. Then 2 ml of sample was taken at half the liquid level and the extinction of the red-colored oil still present was measured with a spectral line photometer at a wavelength of 535 nm. The oil dye Sudan Red 403 liquid absorbs very well at this wavelength and is contained in the spindle oil with 0.05%.

Meßwerte:

  • 5,0 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.032
  • 3,0 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.031
  • 2,0 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.018
  • 1,0 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.010
  • 0,5 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.007
  • 0,25 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.012
  • 0,1 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.041
  • 0,05 %ige Lösung: Extinktion = 0.118
  • Jeder Wert ist Mittel aus drei Meßwerten.
Measured values:
  • 5.0% solution: extinction = 0.032
  • 3.0% solution: extinction = 0.031
  • 2.0% solution: extinction = 0.018
  • 1.0% solution: extinction = 0.010
  • 0.5% solution: extinction = 0.007
  • 0.25% solution: extinction = 0.012
  • 0.1% solution: extinction = 0.041
  • 0.05% solution: extinction = 0.118
  • Each value is the average of three measured values.

Diese Versuchsanordnung zeigt sehr deutlich, daß das demulgierende Verhalten von der Anwendungskonzentration des Reinigungsmittels abhängt.This experimental arrangement shows very clearly that the demulsifying behavior depends on the application concentration of the cleaning agent.

Die optimale Anwendungskonzentration der Rezeptur 5 beträgt 0,5 %, sie kann aber auch bei akzeptablen demulgierenden Eigenschaften im Bereich von 0,25 - 2,5 % verarbeitet werden.The optimal application concentration of recipe 5 is 0.5%, but it can also be processed with acceptable demulsifying properties in the range of 0.25 - 2.5%.

Daß bei 0,5%iger Anwendung noch ein gutes Reinigungsergebnis erzielt wird, beweist der Testversuch unter Abschnitt "Reinigungswirkung".The test test in section "Cleaning Effect" proves that a good cleaning result is still achieved with 0.5% application.

Dieselbe Versuchsanordnung wurde mit 2%iger, 1%iger und 0,5%iger Reinigungsmittellösung nach Rezeptur 5 wiederholt, wobei 15 bzw. 25 ml vorsichtig aus dem Reagenzglas (unten) entnommen und nach einer Aufbereitung wie in DIN 38 409 H18 beschrieben, mit dem Ölanalysator Horiba OCMA 220 gemessen wurden. Der umgerechnete Rest Kohlenwasserstoffgehalt der extrahierten Lösungen betrug weniger als 20 ppm. (20 mg/I).The same test arrangement was repeated with 2%, 1% and 0.5% detergent solution according to recipe 5, with 15 and 25 ml carefully removed from the test tube (below) and followed a preparation as described in DIN 38 409 H18, was measured with the Horiba OCMA 220 oil analyzer. The converted residual hydrocarbon content of the extracted solutions was less than 20 ppm. (20 mg / I).

Das Funktionsprinzip des Ölanalysators beruht auf der DIN-Vorschrift DIN 38 409 H18.The principle of operation of the oil analyzer is based on the DIN regulation DIN 38 409 H18.

Inkrustationsverhalten:

  • In Reagenzgläsern (200 ml lang, Durchmesser 15 mm) wurden je 70 ml Reinigungsmittellösung (Rezeptur 5 in demineralisiertem Wasser) in Konzentrationen von 5 %, 4 %, 3 %, 2 %, 1 %, 0,5 %, und 0,25 % gegeben und in einer gesättigten Wasserdampfatmosphäre in einem Autoklaven auf 135 ° C bei einem Betriebsdruck von 3 - 4 bar 15 Minuten lang erhitzt.
  • Diese Versuchsbedingungen entsprechen etwa denen in einem herkömmlichen Heißwasser-Hochdruckreinigungsgerät.
  • Nach einer Abkühlung auf Zimmertemperatur wurde die Reinigungsmittellösung aus den Reagenzgläsern entfernt und die Rückstände/Ablagerungen an den Glaswänden visuell beurteilt.
  • Bis zur 4%igen Ansatzkonzentration waren keine, bei der 5%igen Anwendungskonzentration sehr geringe Ablagerungen an den Glaswänden festzustellen.
Incrustation behavior:
  • In test tubes (200 ml long, 15 mm in diameter), 70 ml detergent solution (recipe 5 in demineralized water) in concentrations of 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, and 0.25 % and heated in a saturated steam atmosphere in an autoclave to 135 ° C at an operating pressure of 3-4 bar for 15 minutes.
  • These test conditions correspond approximately to those in a conventional hot water high-pressure cleaning device.
  • After cooling to room temperature, the detergent solution was removed from the test tubes and the residues / deposits on the glass walls were assessed visually.
  • Up to the 4% concentration, no deposits were found on the glass walls at the 5% concentration.

Claims (13)

1. Demulsifying cleaning agent with non-ionic and anionic surfactants, characterized in that the cleaning agent comprises a surfactant mixture having the following components:
- one or more non-ionic surfactants (NS) having an average total HLB value (HLBT) of > 12.0 to 13.5 and
- one or more anionic surfactants (AS) from the group of aliphatic or aromatic sulphonates, with the exception of dialkyl sulphosuccinates without admixture of other sulphonates,
- whereby the non-ionic surfactants (NS) and the anionic surfactants (AS) are present in a weight ratio R, which is given as
Figure imgb0005
and is chosen in the range from 2.9 to 16 when aliphatic sulphonic acid salts are used,
and in the range from 3.5 to 12.5 when aromatic sulphonic acid salts are used.
2. Cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a solubilizer in an amount of 0.5 to 18 % by wt. and optionally a complexing agent in a concentration of at least 0.5 % by wt.
3. Cleaning agent according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the cleaning agent is phosphate-free.
4. Cleaning agent according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that predominantly alkyl benzene sulphonates are contained as anionic surfactant and that the weight ratio R is 3.8 to 12.5.
5. Cleaning agent according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that predominantly dialkyl sulphonate succinates are contained as anionic surfactant and that the weight ratio R is 2.9 to 11.
6. Cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that predominantly alkyl naphthalene sulphonates are contained as anionic surfactant and that the weight ratio R is 3.5 to 12.
7. Cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that alkyl sulphonates are contained as anionic surfactant and that the weight ratio R is 4 to 16.
8. Cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the alkyl groups of the aliphatic and aromatic sulphonates comprise C10-14 alkyl groups.
9. Cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that Ca-is fatty alcohol compounds are contained as non-ionic surfactants.
10. Cleaning agent according to claim 9, characterized in that the fatty alcohol compounds are oxoalcohol compounds.
11. Cleaning agent according to claim 10, characterized in that the oxoalcohol compounds comprise c13-15 oxoalcohols.
12. Cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the sulphonic acid salts are alkali salts, in particular sodium salts, ammonium salts or alkanolamine salts.
13. Use of a surfactant mixture containing non-ionic and anionic surfactants as demulsifying cleaning agent, characterized in that the surfactant mixture contains:
- one or more non-ionic surfactants (NS) having an average total HLB value (HLBT) of > 12.0 to 13.5 and
- one or more anionic surfactants (AS) from the group of aliphatic or aromatic sulphonates:
- whereby the non-ionic surfactants (NS) and the anionic surfactants (AS) are present in a weight ratio R which is given as
Figure imgb0006
and is chosen in the range from 2.9 to 16 when aliphatic sulphonic acid salts are used and in the range from 3.5 to 12.5 when aromatic sulphonic acid salts are used.
EP92904748A 1991-03-12 1992-02-21 Demulsifying cleaning agent Expired - Lifetime EP0575355B2 (en)

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GR3017809T3 (en) 1996-01-31
EP0575355B2 (en) 1999-03-17
FI933986A (en) 1993-09-10
NO933246D0 (en) 1993-09-10
FI933986A0 (en) 1993-09-10
ES2076753T5 (en) 1999-07-01
WO1992016607A1 (en) 1992-10-01
NO933246L (en) 1993-09-10
DE59203692D1 (en) 1995-10-19
NO305523B1 (en) 1999-06-14
FI109916B (en) 2002-10-31
ATE127831T1 (en) 1995-09-15

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