EP0570426A1 - Shipping package and method for its fabrication - Google Patents
Shipping package and method for its fabricationInfo
- Publication number
- EP0570426A1 EP0570426A1 EP92903861A EP92903861A EP0570426A1 EP 0570426 A1 EP0570426 A1 EP 0570426A1 EP 92903861 A EP92903861 A EP 92903861A EP 92903861 A EP92903861 A EP 92903861A EP 0570426 A1 EP0570426 A1 EP 0570426A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pallet
- package
- shipping package
- flexible container
- shipping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D19/02—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets
- B65D19/06—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components
- B65D19/20—Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components made wholly or mainly of paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
- B65D2519/00019—Paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
- B65D2519/00054—Paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00119—Materials for the construction of the reinforcements
- B65D2519/00124—Paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00009—Materials
- B65D2519/00154—Materials for the side walls
- B65D2519/00159—Paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
- B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
- B65D2519/00333—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00398—Overall construction reinforcements
- B65D2519/00432—Non-integral, e.g. inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
- B65D2519/00492—Overall construction of the side walls
- B65D2519/00497—Overall construction of the side walls whereby at least one side wall is made of one piece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
- B65D2519/00557—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements
- B65D2519/00562—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer without separate auxiliary elements chemical connection, e.g. glued, welded, sealed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
- B65D2519/00572—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00577—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other
- B65D2519/00616—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other structures not intended to be disassembled
- B65D2519/00621—Connections structures connecting side walls, including corner posts, to each other structures not intended to be disassembled sidewalls directly connected to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
- B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
- B65D2519/00547—Connections
- B65D2519/00636—Connections structures connecting side walls to the pallet
- B65D2519/00666—Structures not intended to be disassembled
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2565/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D2565/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D2565/381—Details of packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D2565/385—Details of packaging materials of special type or form especially suited for or with means facilitating recycling
- B65D2565/386—Details of packaging materials of special type or form especially suited for or with means facilitating recycling packaging containers consisting of two or more parts made of the same material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/80—Packaging reuse or recycling, e.g. of multilayer packaging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a shipping package and a method for fabricating said package.
- the fabric-based container body can also be fabricated by weaving it as, for example, a braided hose which is then cut and sewn to form the container.
- the characterizing properties of the shipping package and method for its fabrication are disclosed in the enclosed claims.
- the implementation according to the invention achieves above all a lightweight yet stiff structure featuring a weight rating in excess of 1000 kg.
- the structure according to the invention is approx. 15...30 % lighter than a similarly rated shipping package made using conventional techniques.
- the package according to the invention is uncomplicated and advantageous to fabricate.
- the pallet of the shipping package is assembled from shaped plates and advantageously reinforced with support elements which are inserted in channels specially designed into the pallet.
- the flexible intermediate bulk container forming a part of the shipping package is fabricated in a bag machine and its bottom essentially covers the upper surface of the pallet belonging to the shipping package, said flexi ⁇ ble container having a total volume of approx. 500...1500 1.
- Said flexible container and the parts belonging to the trans ⁇ portation pallet are advantageously combined into the ship- ping package by stapling and/or gluing the parts together.
- the essentials of the invention are that the package in entirely made of materials that can be processed in a pulper such as paper and cardboard, whereby the package can be either safely disposed of by biological degradation or by recycling of the package material in the package fabrication process.
- the shipping package according to the invention offers particular benefits such as, for instance, compatibility with waste treatment processes in which the shipping package can be safely disposed of along with other waste.
- the shipping package is advantageously usable for the transportation and storage of dry bulk material such as powdered or granulated products.
- the integral pallet forms a lifting platform for the shipping package that simplifies the handling of the shipping package and thus facilitates the use of different types of lifting equipment such as a fork lift, pallet lift, etc.
- Figure 1 shows an advantageous embodiment of the package according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows the cross section of the package according to the invention.
- the shipping package shown in Fig. 1 comprises a pallet 2 and a flexible container 6.
- the pallet 2 is advantageously formed from two shaped plates 3 and 4, complemented with support elements 5 for the reinforcement of the shipping package 1.
- the bottom of the pallet 2 is produced by shaping the plate 3 so that channels 7 are formed for the insertion of the support elements 5, which also act as the feet of the shipping package 1.
- the ends of the plate 3 are folded over the channel 7 to form a cover 11.
- the plate 4 is folded to form the upper surface of the pallet 2 so that elevated walls 8 are formed to the upper surface of the pallet 2 for the purpose of supporting the flexible container 6 and, between the walls 8 is formed the top plane 10 of the pallet 2 to which plane the flexible container 6 is attached.
- Figure 2 shows the cross section of the pallet 2 illustrating the manner in which the support elements 5 are inserted to the channels 7 of the pallet 2 (only the center channel 7 is shown in the diagram) .
- the support elements 5 can be placed in desired order in the channels 7 either vertically or horizontally with respect to the shipping package 1, whereby the length of the support element 5 is determined by the manner of insertion.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pallets (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention se rapporte à un article de conditionnement de transport (1) et à un procédé de fabrication dudit article. Ledit article (1) est constitué par une palette de transport (2) et un conteneur souple (6) fixé à ladite palette. La palette (2) appartenant audit article de conditionnement de transport présente l'avantage d'être constituée par deux plaques profilées (3, 4) et par un ou plusieurs éléments de support (5). Le conteneur souple (6) et les pièces appartenant à la palette (2) sont entièrement fabriqués à partir de matériaux pouvant être traités dans une machine de pulpe à papier, tels que du papier ou du carton et, de ce fait, l'article de conditionnement se dégrade biologiquement si on le jette ou peut se recycler dans la fabrication d'un article analogue.The invention relates to a transport packaging article (1) and to a method for manufacturing said article. Said article (1) consists of a transport pallet (2) and a flexible container (6) fixed to said pallet. The pallet (2) belonging to said transport packaging article has the advantage of being constituted by two profiled plates (3, 4) and by one or more support elements (5). The flexible container (6) and the parts belonging to the pallet (2) are entirely made from materials which can be processed in a paper pulp machine, such as paper or cardboard and, therefore, the article packaging degrades biologically if it is thrown away or can be recycled in the manufacture of a similar article.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI910524 | 1991-02-04 | ||
FI910524A FI910524A (en) | 1991-02-04 | 1991-02-04 | TRANSPORTFOERPACKNING OCH FOERFARANDE FOER DESS FRAMSTAELLNING. |
FI920481 | 1992-02-04 | ||
FI920481A FI920481A (en) | 1991-02-04 | 1992-02-04 | TRANSPORTFOERPACKNING OCH FOERFARANDE FOER DESS FRAMSTAELLNING. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0570426A1 true EP0570426A1 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
Family
ID=26158896
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92903861A Withdrawn EP0570426A1 (en) | 1991-02-04 | 1992-02-04 | Shipping package and method for its fabrication |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0570426A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06504974A (en) |
AU (1) | AU1190592A (en) |
BG (1) | BG98083A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2101528A1 (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ153593A3 (en) |
EE (1) | EE9400305A (en) |
FI (1) | FI920481A (en) |
HU (1) | HUT66042A (en) |
NO (1) | NO932767L (en) |
SK (1) | SK82493A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992013781A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU5474196A (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-11 | Natthi Cholsaipant | A bulk bag having a pallet base |
US5785175A (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1998-07-28 | Cholsaipant; Natthi | Flexible bulk bag with improved base |
SE524755C2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2004-09-28 | Natthi Cholsaipant | Large bag with a seamless bottom and method of manufacturing a large bag |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR951652A (en) * | 1945-07-14 | 1949-11-02 | Transportable platform | |
US4132310A (en) * | 1976-05-21 | 1979-01-02 | Uniroyal, Inc. | Shipping system for liquids and powders |
NO150509C (en) * | 1981-11-24 | 1984-10-31 | Norsk Hydro As | FLEXIBLE CONTAINER WITH LOAD Pallet-shaped bottom. |
DE3270482D1 (en) * | 1981-11-26 | 1986-05-15 | Ici Plc | Intermediate bulk containers |
US4969559A (en) * | 1990-02-12 | 1990-11-13 | Packaging Corporation Of America | Palletized container |
-
1992
- 1992-02-04 WO PCT/FI1992/000028 patent/WO1992013781A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-02-04 HU HU9302089A patent/HUT66042A/en unknown
- 1992-02-04 CZ CZ931535A patent/CZ153593A3/en unknown
- 1992-02-04 AU AU11905/92A patent/AU1190592A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-02-04 EP EP92903861A patent/EP0570426A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-02-04 FI FI920481A patent/FI920481A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-02-04 JP JP4503792A patent/JPH06504974A/en active Pending
- 1992-02-04 SK SK824-93A patent/SK82493A3/en unknown
- 1992-02-04 CA CA 2101528 patent/CA2101528A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
1993
- 1993-08-03 NO NO93932767A patent/NO932767L/en unknown
- 1993-08-31 BG BG9808393A patent/BG98083A/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-11-18 EE EE9400305A patent/EE9400305A/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9213781A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ153593A3 (en) | 1993-12-15 |
NO932767D0 (en) | 1993-08-03 |
CA2101528A1 (en) | 1992-08-05 |
JPH06504974A (en) | 1994-06-09 |
NO932767L (en) | 1993-08-03 |
HU9302089D0 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
HUT66042A (en) | 1994-09-28 |
EE9400305A (en) | 1995-12-15 |
FI920481A (en) | 1992-08-05 |
AU1190592A (en) | 1992-09-07 |
WO1992013781A1 (en) | 1992-08-20 |
SK82493A3 (en) | 1994-09-07 |
BG98083A (en) | 1994-12-02 |
FI920481A0 (en) | 1992-02-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19930804 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU MC NL SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19941108 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19950519 |