EP0570421B1 - Verfahren zum herstellen eines oberflächengehärteten werkstückes aus sintereisen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen eines oberflächengehärteten werkstückes aus sintereisen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0570421B1 EP0570421B1 EP92903727A EP92903727A EP0570421B1 EP 0570421 B1 EP0570421 B1 EP 0570421B1 EP 92903727 A EP92903727 A EP 92903727A EP 92903727 A EP92903727 A EP 92903727A EP 0570421 B1 EP0570421 B1 EP 0570421B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- process according
- producing
- steam
- sintered iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
- C23C8/16—Oxidising using oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. water, carbon dioxide
- C23C8/18—Oxidising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a surface-hardened workpiece from sintered iron, the pores on the surface being largely closed after the sintering by means of a steam treatment and the workpiece subsequently being subjected to surface layer hardening.
- DE-OS 33 01 541 A generic method is known from DE-OS 33 01 541.
- a steam treatment is carried out.
- DE-OS 33 01 541 proposes the porous workpiece made of sintered iron to produce iron oxide layers on the accessible inner and outer surfaces in a water vapor-containing atmosphere and in a second stage to partially reduce these oxide layers and to harden a narrow one , the zone emanating from the outer surface is heated in the presence of a carbon emanating fluid.
- the control of this method and thus also the control of the formation or reduction of the oxide layer is very limited.
- the workpieces produced from a sintered iron that is to say powder metallurgy, are generally porous, provided that they are not compacted by forging or other shaping processes.
- the porosity has disadvantages, for example with regard to the corrosion resistance, which is impaired because, for example, liquids penetrate into the porous workpiece. Reactions with corrosive agents or the like then occur, the property of the workpiece surface being changed.
- the porosity of sintered workpieces is also disadvantageous when it comes to hardening the surface layer.
- the gases used for hardening can penetrate into the interior of the workpiece through the pores, whereby the workpiece hardens.
- an extensive and stable pore closure is necessary in the hardening process.
- the coatings described above are not stable, so that a corresponding impregnation cannot be used for sintered workpieces which are subjected to a heat treatment after sintering.
- Heat treatment is primarily used to achieve greater hardness.
- Carburizing, nitrocarburizing, nitriding and oxidizing are known as heat treatment processes. These processes can be used to achieve surfaces with high wear resistance.
- the steam treatment is carried out in accordance with the features of claim 1 in such a way that a sufficient pore closure is achieved with the lowest possible oxide layer density. Surprisingly, these properties can be obtained even at relatively low water vapor temperatures. This results in an economical way of working with at least consistently good results.
- Another advantage of the lower water vapor temperatures results from the fact that the formation of FeO is avoided, which occurs from about 560 ° C. FeO breaks down into Fe3O4 and Fe when cooled; this disintegration leads to a spongy surface structure which, in addition to a significantly reduced corrosion resistance, also leads to a voluminous connecting layer in the subsequent heat treatment, and thus in particular to a deterioration in the dimensional accuracy.
- the modified water vapor treatment produces an oxide layer of at most 5 »m, preferably ⁇ 4» m, on the surface of the workpiece. This is done by targeted steam treatment at the specified temperatures and pressures of the superheated steam. The goal is a sufficient pore closure with a minimal oxide layer thickness.
- the workpiece is subjected to mechanical processing before the steam treatment.
- the mechanical processing is preferably carried out by vibratory grinding or by lapping.
- Mechanical processing is particularly recommended when tight tolerances are specified for dimensional accuracy or when a well-defined layer with tight tolerances is required. Following the mechanical processing, the workpiece is subjected to surface hardening.
- the above-mentioned method is mainly used in the production of ring gears, whereby a significantly improved dimensional stability was found.
- the method allows the committee to be reduced considerably, and measurement is no longer necessary.
- a ring gear hardened by nitrocarburizing is produced in the following production stages:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4103692 | 1991-02-07 | ||
| DE4103692 | 1991-02-07 | ||
| DE4140148A DE4140148A1 (de) | 1991-02-07 | 1991-12-05 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines oberflaechengehaerteten werkstuecks aus sintereisen |
| DE4140148 | 1991-12-05 | ||
| PCT/DE1992/000074 WO1992013666A1 (de) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-02-06 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines oberflächengehärteten werkstückes aus sintereisen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0570421A1 EP0570421A1 (de) | 1993-11-24 |
| EP0570421B1 true EP0570421B1 (de) | 1995-08-02 |
Family
ID=25900829
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92903727A Expired - Lifetime EP0570421B1 (de) | 1991-02-07 | 1992-02-06 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines oberflächengehärteten werkstückes aus sintereisen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5383979A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| EP (1) | EP0570421B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPH06504814A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| KR (1) | KR930703105A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (2) | DE4140148A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| WO (1) | WO1992013666A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3119732B2 (ja) | 1992-09-17 | 2000-12-25 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 高接触疲労強度歯車の製造方法 |
| DE19917605B4 (de) * | 1999-04-19 | 2005-10-27 | Renk Ag | Getriebe für Windgeneratoren |
| US6623237B2 (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-09-23 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Wear resistant fuel pump |
| JP5731107B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-01 | 2015-06-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 窒化部材およびその製造方法 |
| WO2013127905A1 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-06 | Höganäs Ab (Publ) | Pm automotive component and its manufacture |
| DE102012219949A1 (de) | 2012-10-31 | 2014-04-30 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Rotor eines Nockenwellenverstellers, Nockenwellenversteller mit einem solchen Rotor und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Rotors |
| AT517751B1 (de) * | 2015-09-29 | 2018-04-15 | Miba Sinter Austria Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sinterzahnrades |
| DE102016122826A1 (de) | 2016-11-25 | 2018-05-30 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Wellgetriebe |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS583901A (ja) * | 1981-07-01 | 1983-01-10 | Toyota Motor Corp | 摺動部材の製法 |
| DE3301541A1 (de) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-07-19 | Ringsdorff-Werke GmbH, 5300 Bonn | Verfahren zur herstellung oberflaechengehaerteter sinterkoerper |
| JPH0713242B2 (ja) * | 1985-04-30 | 1995-02-15 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 焼結機械部品の表面処理方法 |
| US4738730A (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1988-04-19 | Lindberg Corporation | Steam sealing for nitrogen treated ferrous part |
| DE3806933A1 (de) * | 1988-03-03 | 1989-11-30 | Man Technologie Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von oxidschichten auf staehlen |
-
1991
- 1991-12-05 DE DE4140148A patent/DE4140148A1/de active Granted
-
1992
- 1992-02-06 KR KR1019930702125A patent/KR930703105A/ko not_active Ceased
- 1992-02-06 WO PCT/DE1992/000074 patent/WO1992013666A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1992-02-06 DE DE59203117T patent/DE59203117D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-06 JP JP4503243A patent/JPH06504814A/ja active Pending
- 1992-02-06 EP EP92903727A patent/EP0570421B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-08-02 US US08/094,187 patent/US5383979A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1992013666A1 (de) | 1992-08-20 |
| EP0570421A1 (de) | 1993-11-24 |
| DE59203117D1 (de) | 1995-09-07 |
| US5383979A (en) | 1995-01-24 |
| DE4140148C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1993-03-18 |
| JPH06504814A (ja) | 1994-06-02 |
| DE4140148A1 (de) | 1992-08-13 |
| KR930703105A (ko) | 1993-11-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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