EP0568548B1 - Structural repair process - Google Patents

Structural repair process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0568548B1
EP0568548B1 EP92901628A EP92901628A EP0568548B1 EP 0568548 B1 EP0568548 B1 EP 0568548B1 EP 92901628 A EP92901628 A EP 92901628A EP 92901628 A EP92901628 A EP 92901628A EP 0568548 B1 EP0568548 B1 EP 0568548B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
grouting material
brick
wall
cut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92901628A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0568548A1 (en
Inventor
David Peter The Welby Nottingham Road Atkins
Krystyna Danuta The Woodlands Freer
John Bernard Alfred Ainsworth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Edscer William George
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB919101748A external-priority patent/GB9101748D0/en
Priority claimed from GB919102711A external-priority patent/GB9102711D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0568548A1 publication Critical patent/EP0568548A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0568548B1 publication Critical patent/EP0568548B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the repair of building structures, particularly the external skins of cavity walls and solid masonry constructions.
  • Structural failure in a wall generally calls for underpinning, which is expensive, or re-building, with consequent internal disruption and possible re-housing of the inhabitants.
  • GB 2007287 describes reinforcing a brick panel by cutting into and along the bottom of the panel to form a slit.
  • the panel is supported by cutting holes into the bottom of the panel, the holes intersecting the slit but having a width greater than the slit.
  • Tight fitting plugs provided with transverse apertures in alignment with the slit are inserted into the holes.
  • Reinforcing wires are inserted in the slit and through the apertures in the plugs, and epoxy resin is cast in the slit to encapsulate the wires. Fingers of the plugs are kept apart by temporary wedges.
  • EP 171250 A2 covers helical stainless steel rods for this purpose, and such ties may be secured in an outer skin with a polyester resin, but this is not effective against compressive loads, such as are encountered through differential subsidence along a wall, for example.
  • EP 171250 A2 also says that a length of the (helical) wire may be inserted in the space left by raking out the mortar in cracked brickwork, after which the wall can be repointed around the inserted reinforcement.
  • the invention provides a process of repairing a structure which comprises cutting a groove in a surface of a brick wall of said structure, injecting a grouting material into the groove, embedding a rod along the groove in the grouting material, injecting further grouting material into the groove, embedding a second rod along the groove in the grouting material, and injecting further grouting material into the groove, characterised by first reinforcing upper brick courses of said wall above the groove in the repair step in order to prevent collapse during the repair step by following the same procedure, the groove in the repair step being greater in depth than the groove in the reinforcement step.
  • the grooves are finally pointed preferably to match the existing surface. All these steps can be performed externally, without internal disruption.
  • a horizontal groove is preferably cut in a mortar joint, and pointed to match adjacent mortar joints. If vertical, diagonal or inclined support is required, the groove is cut accordingly, and the cut bricks are preferably repaired with brick slips adhered to a planed brick face.
  • the location and length of the groove in the repair step is determined from a survey to diagnose the cause of a fault, which might be lintel failure, thermal movement, roof loading, wall tie failure or differential movement.
  • the reinforcement requirement can be calculated from tables incorporating live and dead loading, bending moments, shear, tensile and compressive strengths. Thus a repair may be effected immediately without the need for a preliminary survey and calculation.
  • the groove in the repair step is generally cut about 40 mm deep and 10 mm wide.
  • the groove may be deeper, and it could be much deeper, up to about 175 mm for a 215 mm solid brick wall, as the upper courses are reinforced first to prevent collapse.
  • the grouting material is preferably an epoxy resin, but may be a cementitious material in some circumstances, as they do not shrink on setting. More than two rods may be embedded in a single groove, each in the same way as the first two. The rods should be generally parallel to give lateral strength to the reinforcement, and to this end may be inserted with plastics sleeves along parts of the length of the rods or with spacers to centralize them in the grouting material.
  • the final layer of grouting material should be brought to about 25 mm of the surface to allow the pointing material to be retained.
  • the rods are preferably helical stainless steel rods about 6 mm in diameter. They may be provided with a central vein to increase the surface area and therefore the adhesion of the grouting material.
  • the rods may be of another material, for example a steel, another metal or alloy, or polypropylene.
  • the rods may be plain cylindrical or of polygonal section, for example rectangular, square or triangular, and may be roughened or deformed to improve adhesion with the grouting material.
  • the sole figure is a section through a 215 mm solid brick wall repaired by a process according to the invention.
  • a repair 12 comprises two helical stainless steel rods in tension.
  • the external section of the wall on the course above is reinforced first (14) in order to prevent collapse.
  • Grooves are cut in the surface of the walls illustrated for the production of repairs 12.
  • Grouting material is injected into the grooves.
  • a helical stainless steel rod is embedded along the groove in the grouting material. Further grouting material is injected into the groove.
  • a second helical stainless steel rod is embedded along the groove in the grouting material. Further grouting material is injected into the groove. The groove is finally pointed to match the original surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Abstract

A building structure is repaired by cutting a groove in the surface of a wall, injecting a grouting material into the groove, and embedding a rod in the grouting material. Further grouting material is injected into the groove, a second rod is embedded, and further grouting material is injected. The groove is finally pointed to match the existing surface. The preferred grouting material is an epoxy resin.

Description

    Technical Field
  • The invention relates to the repair of building structures, particularly the external skins of cavity walls and solid masonry constructions.
    • Background Art
  • Structural failure in a wall generally calls for underpinning, which is expensive, or re-building, with consequent internal disruption and possible re-housing of the inhabitants.
  • GB 2007287 describes reinforcing a brick panel by cutting into and along the bottom of the panel to form a slit. The panel is supported by cutting holes into the bottom of the panel, the holes intersecting the slit but having a width greater than the slit. Tight fitting plugs provided with transverse apertures in alignment with the slit are inserted into the holes. Reinforcing wires are inserted in the slit and through the apertures in the plugs, and epoxy resin is cast in the slit to encapsulate the wires. Fingers of the plugs are kept apart by temporary wedges.
  • The falling away of a wall or skin can sometimes be arrested by the introduction of ties normal to the surface. EP 171250 A2 covers helical stainless steel rods for this purpose, and such ties may be secured in an outer skin with a polyester resin, but this is not effective against compressive loads, such as are encountered through differential subsidence along a wall, for example. EP 171250 A2 also says that a length of the (helical) wire may be inserted in the space left by raking out the mortar in cracked brickwork, after which the wall can be repointed around the inserted reinforcement.
    • The invention
  • The invention provides a process of repairing a structure which comprises cutting a groove in a surface of a brick wall of said structure, injecting a grouting material into the groove, embedding a rod along the groove in the grouting material, injecting further grouting material into the groove, embedding a second rod along the groove in the grouting material, and injecting further grouting material into the groove, characterised by first reinforcing upper brick courses of said wall above the groove in the repair step in order to prevent collapse during the repair step by following the same procedure, the groove in the repair step being greater in depth than the groove in the reinforcement step. The grooves are finally pointed preferably to match the existing surface. All these steps can be performed externally, without internal disruption.
  • A horizontal groove is preferably cut in a mortar joint, and pointed to match adjacent mortar joints. If vertical, diagonal or inclined support is required, the groove is cut accordingly, and the cut bricks are preferably repaired with brick slips adhered to a planed brick face.
  • The location and length of the groove in the repair step is determined from a survey to diagnose the cause of a fault, which might be lintel failure, thermal movement, roof loading, wall tie failure or differential movement. The reinforcement requirement can be calculated from tables incorporating live and dead loading, bending moments, shear, tensile and compressive strengths. Thus a repair may be effected immediately without the need for a preliminary survey and calculation.
  • The groove in the repair step is generally cut about 40 mm deep and 10 mm wide. The groove may be deeper, and it could be much deeper, up to about 175 mm for a 215 mm solid brick wall, as the upper courses are reinforced first to prevent collapse. To reinforce adjacent courses in this way supports the whole section and eliminates gyratory forces. Debris is preferably blown out with compressed air.
  • The grouting material is preferably an epoxy resin, but may be a cementitious material in some circumstances, as they do not shrink on setting. More than two rods may be embedded in a single groove, each in the same way as the first two. The rods should be generally parallel to give lateral strength to the reinforcement, and to this end may be inserted with plastics sleeves along parts of the length of the rods or with spacers to centralize them in the grouting material.
  • The final layer of grouting material should be brought to about 25 mm of the surface to allow the pointing material to be retained. The rods are preferably helical stainless steel rods about 6 mm in diameter. They may be provided with a central vein to increase the surface area and therefore the adhesion of the grouting material.
  • Alternatively, the rods may be of another material, for example a steel, another metal or alloy, or polypropylene. The rods may be plain cylindrical or of polygonal section, for example rectangular, square or triangular, and may be roughened or deformed to improve adhesion with the grouting material.
  • The above dimensions are not precise, but may be varied according to need and availability, as is usual in the construction industry.
    • The Drawing
  • The sole figure is a section through a 215 mm solid brick wall repaired by a process according to the invention.
    • Best Mode
  • As shown in the Figure, a repair 12 comprises two helical stainless steel rods in tension. The external section of the wall on the course above is reinforced first (14) in order to prevent collapse.
  • Grooves are cut in the surface of the walls illustrated for the production of repairs 12. Grouting material is injected into the grooves. A helical stainless steel rod is embedded along the groove in the grouting material. Further grouting material is injected into the groove. A second helical stainless steel rod is embedded along the groove in the grouting material. Further grouting material is injected into the groove. The groove is finally pointed to match the original surface.

Claims (4)

  1. A process of repairing a structure which comprises cutting a groove in a surface of a brick wall of said structure, injecting a grouting material into the groove, embedding a rod along the groove in the grouting material, injecting further grouting material into the groove, embedding a second rod along the groove in the grouting material, and injecting further grouting material into the groove, characterised by first reinforcing upper brick courses of said wall above the groove in the repair step in order to prevent collapse during the repair step by following the same procedure, the groove in the repair step (12) being greater in depth than the groove in the reinforcement step (14).
  2. A process according to claim 1 in which cut bricks are repaired with brick slips adhered to a planed brick face.
  3. A process according to claim 1 or claim 2 in which the groove in the reinforcement step is cut about 40 mm deep and 10 mm wide.
  4. A process according to any preceding claim in which the groove in the repair step is cut up to 175 mm deep for a 215 mm solid brick wall.
EP92901628A 1991-01-26 1991-12-31 Structural repair process Expired - Lifetime EP0568548B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB919101748A GB9101748D0 (en) 1991-01-26 1991-01-26 Structural repair process
GB9101748 1991-01-26
GB9102711 1991-02-08
GB919102711A GB9102711D0 (en) 1991-02-08 1991-02-08 Structural repair process
PCT/GB1991/002329 WO1992013155A1 (en) 1991-01-26 1991-12-31 Structural repair process

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0568548A1 EP0568548A1 (en) 1993-11-10
EP0568548B1 true EP0568548B1 (en) 1995-12-06

Family

ID=26298340

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92901628A Expired - Lifetime EP0568548B1 (en) 1991-01-26 1991-12-31 Structural repair process

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0568548B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69115295T2 (en)
GB (1) GB2249120B (en)
WO (1) WO1992013155A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110173126A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-08-27 福建工程学院 A kind of barnacle body house wall reinforcement means

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2270535B (en) * 1992-09-14 1996-10-09 William George Edscer Methods for reinforcing walls and reinforcement for use in such methods
GB9306857D0 (en) * 1993-04-01 1993-05-26 Ollis William H Methods of building reinforcements into walls
AU7618494A (en) * 1993-09-09 1995-03-27 William George Edscer Method for reinforcing a cavity wall
EP0674060A1 (en) * 1994-03-04 1995-09-27 Wilhelm Modersohn GmbH & Co KG Verankerungstechnik Reinforcement for masonry
GB2288842B (en) * 1994-04-22 1998-07-08 Bruce Anthony Wallace Day Stitch for brickwork
GB2302896B (en) * 1995-07-01 1997-11-05 William George Edscer Arch reinforcement
EP0845063B1 (en) * 1995-08-18 2002-06-19 Protec Industrial Ltd. Reinforcing masonry structures
GB9611641D0 (en) * 1996-06-04 1996-08-07 Edscer William G Method of positioning retrospective reinforcement in masonry structures
AU8736198A (en) 1997-08-14 1999-03-08 William George Edscer Methods of reinforcing existing masonry structures
ITVR20010034A1 (en) * 2001-03-16 2002-09-16 Maurizio Piazza METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF AN REINFORCED WOODEN BEAM AND REINFORCED BEAM SO OBTAINED
GB0300623D0 (en) * 2003-01-11 2003-02-12 Bersche Rolt Ltd Reinforcement of masonry structures
ATE364115T1 (en) * 2004-06-09 2007-06-15 Franco Consani METHOD FOR SOLIDIFICATION OR REINFORCEMENT OF MASONRY STRUCTURES AND THE LIKE
CN108560947A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-09-21 上海天补材料科技有限公司 Force construction method is answered in the fluting release that a kind of ceramic tile stone material inner-outer wall is reinforced

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB593998A (en) * 1945-06-22 1947-10-30 Hermann Kirschenbaum Method for repairing cracks in walls
DE237526C (en) *
DE1434075A1 (en) * 1961-05-26 1968-10-31 Ney Gyl Labor Kg Process for the subsequent or additional reinforcement of components made of concrete
GB2007287B (en) * 1977-10-11 1982-04-07 Pynford Ltd Structural support
GB2134956A (en) * 1983-02-10 1984-08-22 Rickards Timber Treatment Limi Upgrading or restoring a timber beam
GB8419523D0 (en) * 1984-07-31 1984-09-05 Ollis W J B Reinforcements and ties

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110173126A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-08-27 福建工程学院 A kind of barnacle body house wall reinforcement means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0568548A1 (en) 1993-11-10
GB9125208D0 (en) 1992-01-29
DE69115295T2 (en) 1996-05-02
DE69115295D1 (en) 1996-01-18
WO1992013155A1 (en) 1992-08-06
GB2249120A (en) 1992-04-29
GB2249120B (en) 1993-04-07

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