EP0568495B1 - Swivelling device for a lamellar plate - Google Patents

Abstract

For swivelling lamellar plates (3.1, 3.2), a scalene articulated rectangle (4.1, 6.1, 8.1, 6.2) is used, the first side of which is formed on a stationary support (4.1). The third side (8.1) of the articulated rectangle, which lies opposite the first side, defines the swivelling angle of the plate (3.1) which is connected firmly to it. In order that the swivelling mechanism is self-closing even in the case of a vertical lamellar front, the plate (3.1) is, with the aid of a distance element (8), connected to the swivelling side (8.1) at a given minimum distance therefrom. As a result, a torque generated by the dead weight of the plate (3.1) acts on the swivellable side (8.1) of the articulated rectangle, which torque guarantees the self-closing. <IMAGE>

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a device for pivoting a lamellar plate, comprising an uneven-sided hinge quadrilateral, the first side of which is formed on a stationary support and the third side opposite the first side specifies the pivoting angle of the plate firmly connected to it.

State of the art

From the patent specification CH 673 871 a holding and moving device for several plates arranged in a row is disclosed. With the known device, several lamella-like window panes can be opened simultaneously and to the same extent. Essentially, the holding and moving device consists of four-link chains which are pivotally held on supports. To pivot the disks, a push rod acts on one of the joints of the four-link chains arranged on the plate and can be driven by a motor via a crank mechanism.

The known device is preferably used in glass stems and glass roofs. The narrow, lamellar structure enables good ventilation of the room.

The device described in CH 673 871 is also very visually appealing and can be used as an architectural design element. Hence the desire to use the slat principle for vertical window fronts. It has now been shown, however, that the rod for actuating the pivoting device is subjected to high pressure, in particular in the closed position of the slats. In order to increase the pressure rigidity, the cross section of this tie rod would have to be increased considerably. In the known device, this is not only undesirable for optical reasons, but also for practical (space requirements) reasons. A possible remedy could be that drives are attached to both ends of the actuating rods so that a tensile stress can always act. However, this solution is not only technically complex, but also optically disadvantageous.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is now to remedy the disadvantages existing in the prior art in a device of the type mentioned and thus to create a device for pivoting lamellar plates, which not only for the horizontal or oblique, but also for the vertical structure suitable is.

According to the invention, a device of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that the plate is connected to the third side with the aid of a spacing element at a specific, minimal distance, so that the lamella-like plate also has a substantially vertical, closed position the dead weight of the plate is exerted on the third side of the four-bar linkage by a sufficient torque which causes self-closing.

The third side, also referred to below as the swivel side, is preferably connected in an articulated manner to the fixed support by a short arm arranged at the top, a second side and a long arm arranged at the bottom, forming a fourth side of the four-bar linkage. This type of quadrilateral joint has proven itself in practice. Other length ratios of the arms (e.g. arms of more or less the same length) are not excluded in the invention.

At the joint between the short arm forming the second side and the third side, a pull rod for actuating the four-bar linkage is preferably. attached to pivot the plate. Given the size relationships mentioned above, this joint is always advantageously relatively close to the stationary support. In addition, the Transfer the force to be exerted on the tie rod to the four-bar linkage relatively well. Since essentially only tensile forces occur in the invention, pull ropes or chains can also be used instead of the pull rod. However, only one tie rod can also perform an advantageous locking function at the same time.

The side lengths of the four-bar linkage are advantageously dimensioned such that the plate can be pivoted at least approximately 90 °. In the invention, it has proven to be advantageous if the sum of the lengths of the second and third sides is less than the length of the fourth side. It is also advantageous if the first side of the quadrilateral formed on the carrier is somewhat longer than the fourth side. In the closed position of the device, the fourth side then forms an acute angle with the first side. When the device is opened, the angle increases, but remains sharp.

The following dimensions have proven themselves in practice: 1. Side (formed on the support) approx. 15.0 cm 2nd Side (short arm) approx. 4.5 cm 3rd Side (pivoting side) approx. 5.0 cm 4th Side (long arm) approx. 13.5 cm A technically simple and visually very delicate embodiment is characterized in that the spacer element is designed as a triangular wire structure, one side of which simultaneously forms the third side of the quadrilateral joint and the height of said third side is the minimum distance between this side and the plate pretends.

The triangular wire structure is e.g. B. isosceles, with the base side about 3.5 cm and the two same legs are about 5 cm long. With a width of the slat-like plate of approx. 30 cm, a minimum distance of at least 3 cm has proven itself.

The plate is preferably held by the device in such a way that its center of gravity is as low as possible when the vertical position is closed. In addition, in the vertical position mentioned, the upper end of the plate is advantageously at approximately the same height as the joint between the second and third sides of the four-bar linkage.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the device is not only self-closing, but also self-locking in the sense that the pivotable plate does not - for. B. by a gust of wind - can be opened in an undesirable manner. This is not guaranteed by self-closing alone. A securing mechanism for securing the pivotable side of the slat-like plate in the closed position is therefore advantageously provided. In principle, this securing mechanism can be an active or passive mechanism that is independent of the rotary drive.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, it has a first part which is firmly connected to the free end of the plate and a second part which is connected to the stationary support. The two parts are automatically guided into each other when the slat-like plate is closed. Since such a locking mechanism does not have any parts that can be actuated independently, but rather performs its function automatically due to the closing movement, it can be described as passive.

The articulation mechanism is preferably constructed in such a way that the plate performs a movement parallel to the stationary support after the pivoting movement has been completed. The two parts mentioned above can be hooked together by this movement.

To enable the parallel movement mentioned, z. B. one of the corners of the four-bar linkage with mobility perpendicular to its axis of rotation. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the said corner is that between the third and fourth sides of the four-bar linkage.

The most important applications for the device according to the invention include vertical window fronts with lamella-like panes, which can preferably be opened and closed by a motor. Of course, the invention is not limited to such vertical window fronts. Opaque slat walls or ventilated roofs can also be built.

From the following description and the entirety of the claims, further advantageous embodiments and combinations of features result.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

Eine schematische Darstellung eines Glasvorbaus mit einer erfindungsgemässen vertikalen Lamellenfensterfront;

Fig. 2

eine Darstellung der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung in geschlossener Position;

Fig. 3

eine Darstellung der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Konstruktion in halboffener Position;

Fig. 4

eine Darstellung der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Konstruktion in vollständig geöffneter, 90°-Position.

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung des Schnittes X-X gemäss Fig. 2;

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung zur Erläuterung der Schliessbewegung.

The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and in connection with the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

A schematic representation of a glass stem with a vertical louvre window front according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a representation of the inventive device in the closed position;

Fig. 3

an illustration of the construction shown in Figure 2 in a semi-open position.

Fig. 4

a representation of the construction shown in Fig. 2 in a fully open, 90 ° position.

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of section XX of FIG. 2;

Fig. 6

a schematic representation to explain the closing movement.

In the various drawings, the same parts are basically provided with the same reference symbols.

Ways of Carrying Out the Invention

Fig. 1 shows schematically a glass stem 1 with a vertical glass front 2. The glass front 2 consists of several (in the present case four) lamella-like disks 3.1, ..., 3.4, which are arranged in a row. The slats are e.g. B. 30 cm wide and 2-3 m long depending on the circumstances. Lengths of 50 cm to 1 m are conceivable, but are not common in practice for economic reasons. The length is limited by the stability of the glass plates. Adjacent windows 3.1 and 3.2 respectively. 3.2 and 3.3 etc. are arranged with their long sides slightly overlapping. This prevents rainwater from entering.

The discs 3.1, ..., 3.4 are pivotally held by the mechanism described below. They can be swiveled from the vertical to any maximum horizontal position. The glass front 2 according to the invention is of z. B. two supports 4.1, 4.2 supported. The carriers 4.1, 4.2 are e.g. B. to vertically placed metal pipes, which may be reinforced externally (two rods with struts).

Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the pivot mechanism in detail. On the carrier 4.1, which, as mentioned, is preferably a (possibly reinforced) metal tube, four bores are provided per pivot mechanism - two of which, namely 5.1 and 5.2, can be seen in FIG. 2. Two holes are at the same height on the back of the carrier 4.1. In other words, diametrically opposite the bore 5.1, there is a corresponding bore, but not recognizable in FIG. 2. The pairs of holes are arranged in a line one above the other. According to a practically proven and advantageous embodiment, they are spaced about 15 cm apart.

In the upper pair of holes (see hole 5.1) is a C-shaped resp. clip-like bracket 6.1 suspended. The bracket 6.1 is approximately rectangular, with a piece cut out on one side so that the bracket 6.1 can be hung in a pair of holes (hole 5.1). The bracket 6.1 can be rotated about a horizontal axis running through the pair of holes (5.1). The side of the bracket 6.1 that is visible in FIG. 2 is about 4.5 cm long. The side perpendicular to it (and also perpendicular to the axis of the carrier 4.1) is about 3.5 to 4 cm long.

A similar, but much longer bracket 6.2 is suspended in the lower pair of holes (hole 5.2). The side of the bracket 6.2 that runs parallel to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2 is approximately 13.5 cm long. The narrow side of the bracket 6.2 perpendicular to it is approximately the same length as the corresponding side of the bracket 6.1.

According to an advantageous embodiment, tubular sleeves 7.1, respectively, are formed around the narrow sides of the brackets 6.1, 6.2 (perpendicular to the axis of the carrier 4.1). 7.2 shaped. The narrow sides of the two brackets 6.1, 6.2 and. the sleeves 7.1 and 7.2 are articulated by means of a triangular wire structure 8. The wire structure has two substantially equally long sides 8.1 and 8.2 with a length of z. B. 5-6 cm and a short side 8.3 of a length of e.g. 3-4 cm on. The two sides 8.2 and 8.3 are (away from the side 8.1) directed away from the carrier 4.1.

Slightly resilient, preferably also made of wire, disk holders 9.1 and 9.2 are formed on the wire structure 8. One bracket 9.1 is formed on a bracket section 14.1 which is more or less perpendicular to side 8.1 and runs away from that corner of the triangular wire structure which is formed by sides 8.1 and 8.2.

The second bracket 9.2 is formed at the end of a long bracket section 14.2, which starts from that corner of the triangular wire structure 8, which is formed by the sides 8.2 and 8.3. The long bracket section 14.2 is more or less parallel to the side 8.1 in the present case.

The wire structure 8 just described consists of double-guided steel wire and is preferably bent from two individual pieces of wire. This can be done as follows.

A part of the fork-shaped holder 9.1 is formed at one end of the first piece of wire. The wire is further guided to the sleeve 7.1 (forming the holding section 14.1) and wound twice around it (clockwise in FIG. 2). Then page 8.2 is created. A single winding is drawn around the sleeve 7.3 (again clockwise). Now the long, substantially parallel to the side 8.1 bracket section 14.2 is formed. At the end of this section, a hook-shaped holder 9.2 is bent. Half of the first piece of wire has been used up. The second half is - in the reverse order of processing - returned parallel to the previously curved first part up to the holder 9.1, whereby a double wire guide is created.

One end of the second piece of wire is wound twice around the sleeve 7.1 in the counterclockwise direction. Then the sides 8.1 and 8.3 of the wire structure are formed by guiding the wire piece to the sleeve 7.2, wrapping it around this (again counterclockwise) at least once and then - after forming the page 8.3 - in Fig. 2 bent perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and is passed through the sleeve 7.3. Half of the second piece of wire has now been used up. The remaining length is wrapped around the sleeves 7.2 and 7.1 in reverse order to achieve double wire routing.

On the sleeve 7.1, a mounting tab 13 is rotatably arranged, on which a pull rod 12 is attached for actuating the mechanism.

The panes 3.1, ..., 3.4 are preferably double glazing, as already described in the above-mentioned CH-PS 673 871. Two glass plates 10.1 and 10.2 are held at a distance by a spacer 11 running around the edge. The closed interior existing between the panes and the frame-shaped spacer 11 ensures good thermal insulation.

The inner, d. H. The glass plate 10.1 facing the carrier 4.1 is clamped between the brackets 9.1 and 9.2.

Each disk 3.1 is advantageously held by at least two devices of the type described above, which are arranged at the same height. The pivot mechanisms of adjacent disks 3.1 and 3.2 are connected to one another in terms of movement by means of the pull rod 12. At the end of the pull rod 12 there is a drive for actuating the same. This drive can be designed in the manner described in CH-PS 673 871.

The mode of operation of the device described will now be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

Fig. 2 shows the device in the closed position. The four-bar linkage, which is essentially responsible for the pivoting of the panes 3.1, ..., 3.4 and thus the ability to open the glass front 2, is embodied by the following elements.

The four articulated corners are formed by the holes 5.1 and 5.2 (with their partners not shown on the other side of the support) and the sleeves 7.2 and 7.1. A first, stationary side formed. The opposite, pivotable, third side is embodied by the side 8.1 of the wire structure 8. These two sides are connected on the one hand by a short arm (bracket 6.1) and on the other hand by a long arm (bracket 6.2).

In the closed position shown in FIG. 2, the third side (page 8.1) is essentially parallel to the first side (section of the carrier 4.1 between the bores 5.1 and 5.2). The second side (bracket 6.1) forms an angle of 45 ° or a little more with the first side (axis of the carrier 4.1). The fourth side (bracket 6.2) forms an acute angle of z. B. 70-80 °.

The wire structure 8, which represents the spacer element, holds the inner glass plate 10.1 at a minimum distance of 3-4 cm from the swivel side (page 8.1) of the four-bar linkage. The center of gravity of the disk 3.1 is at a somewhat greater distance from the swivel side. The dead weight of the disk 3.1 can thus exert a certain torque on the swivel side of the four-bar linkage. According to the invention, this is greater than the oppositely acting torque which arises from the fact that a vertically downward force acts on the four-bar linkage (inter alia also generated by the weight of the disk 3.1).

The effect sought and achieved by the invention consists in that, taking into account the dead weight of the disk 3.1, the geometric dimensions of the four-bar linkage and the spacing element are selected such that the described link mechanism is self-closing. If no force is exerted on the pull rod 12, the lamella front according to the invention closes automatically. With others Words: The pull rod 12 must be pulled down to open the slat front. The drive located at the bottom of the window front therefore only has to generate one pulling force.

Fig. 3 shows the glass front in the half-open position. 4, the maximum 90 ° position is reached. The pull rod is now in the immediate vicinity of the carrier 4.1.

The securing mechanism is shown schematically in FIG. 2. A wire hook 16 is fastened to the carrier 4.1 with a clamping ring 15 or another holding means. The wire hook 16 is e.g. B. L-shaped and points with its free end parallel to the carrier 4.1 down. On the bracket portion 14.2 a wire bracket 17 is provided at a suitable location. The level of the z. B. right-angled is perpendicular to the carrier 4.1. The length of the wire hook 16 and the wire bracket 17 are coordinated with one another in such a way that they can engage in one another when the pane 3.1 is closed. This prevents the panes 3.1, ..., 3.4 from being opened without actuating the swivel mechanism (e.g. due to a violent gust of wind).

FIG. 5 shows the section X-X according to FIG. 2. It can be clearly seen that the wire hook 16 engages over the cross wire of the wire bracket 17 with little play.

In order to enable the mutual interlocking of wire bracket 17 and wire hook 16, the wire loop formed between the sides 8.1 and 8.3 is wound with a larger inner diameter than that for the sleeve 7.2 or. - without such a sleeve 7.2 - 6.2 would be required for the wire thickness of the bracket. The page 8.1 and the bracket 6.2 are thus articulated with a certain game. The corner of the quadrangle formed in this way thus has freedom of movement perpendicular to the axis of the rotary movement.

The game is selected so that at the end of the swivel movement, by pulling the pull rod 12 further up, the bracket 6.1 can be pulled up a certain distance without the swivel 6.2 forcing a further swivel movement. The disk 3.1 is thus moved a small distance (for example 5 to 10 mm) upwards parallel to the carrier 4.1. These 5 to 10 mm are sufficient to bring the wire hook 16 and wire bracket 17 into a hooked position.

The opening and closing of the louvre window is shown schematically in FIG. 6. From the closed position A, by moving the pull rod 12 (not shown in FIG. 6) downward, the disk 3.1 is first brought down into the position B by an almost vertical movement. Then the closing movement 18.2 automatically changes to the pivoting movement 18.1. The position C illustrates an intermediate position of the pivoting movement. As can be seen in FIG. 6, the closing movement 18.1 is almost parallel to the carrier 4.1. The pivoting movement 18.2, which runs in the shape of a circular arc, can be clearly distinguished from the closing movement 18.1. However, this does not mean that the transition between the two movements should or should be abrupt.

It goes without saying that instead of wire bracket 17 and wire hook 16, other mutually interlocking parts can be provided. The same applies to the type of fastening by means of a clamping ring 15.

The securing mechanism is preferably provided in the vicinity of the lower edge of the disk 3.1. In practice, it has also proven useful to mount it close below the bore 5.2.

In principle, the securing mechanism can also be used independently of the swivel mechanism described above. It is particularly suitable for single-glazed panes where the risk of undesired opening is greater due to the lower weight than with double-glazed windows.

The invention is of course not limited to the described embodiment. The above explanations enable the person skilled in the art to optimize the geometric mass for the respective case. In principle, the closing force can be calculated taking into account the relevant torques mentioned above. Larger and smaller swivel angles can be specified by a suitable choice of the side lengths of the four-bar linkage.

The swivel device according to the invention need not necessarily be made of wire. It can also consist of metal rods or plates or even partially of molded parts.

In summary, it can be stated that the invention has created a simple and visually appealing swivel mechanism for actuating lamellar window or other fronts. What is essential is the self-closing property, which is also available in the vertical position.

Claims (14)

1. Device for pivoting a lamellar plate (3.1 - 3.4), comprising a four-bar linkage (4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1) with unequal sides, of which the first side is formed on a stationary carrier (4.1) and the third side (8.1), which is located opposite the first side, predetermines the pivot angle of the plate (3.1 - 3.4) connected firmly to it, characterized in that, with the aid of a spacer (8), the plate (3.1) is connected to the third side (8.1) at a defined minimum distance therefrom, with the result that, even in an essentially vertical, closed position of the lamellar plate (3.1), the weight of the plate (3.1) itself exerts on the third side (8.1) a sufficient torque which effects self-closure.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the third side (8.1) is connected in an articulated manner to the stationary carrier (4.1) by a short arm (6.1), which is arranged at the top and forms a second side of the four-bar linkage, and by a long arm (6.2), which is arranged at the bottom and forms a fourth side of the four-bar linkage.
3. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that a tie rod (12) for actuating the four-bar linkage or for pivoting the plate (3.1) is fastened (13) on the articulation between the short arm (6.1) and the third side (8.1).
4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lengths of the sides of the four-bar linkage are dimensioned such that the plate (3.1) can be pivoted at least approximately through 90°.
5. Device according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the first side, formed on the carrier (4.1), of the four-bar linkage has a length of approximately 15 cm, the opposite, third side (8.1) has a length of approximately 5 cm, the second side, formed by the top, short arm (6.1), has a length of approximately 4.5 cm and the fourth side, formed by the bottom arm (6.2), has a length of approximately 13.5 cm.
6. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spacer (8) is designed as a triangular wire arrangement (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), of which one side (8.1) simultaneously forms the third side of the four-bar linkage and the height with respect to said side (8.1) predetermines the minimum distance between the third side (8.1) of the four-bar linkage and the plate (3.1).
7. Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the triangular wire arrangement (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) has a base side (8.3) which has a length of approximately 3.5 cm and two equal legs (8.1, 8.2) which have a length of approximately 5 cm.
8. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plate (3.1) is retained by retaining grippers (9.1, 9.2) such that its centre of gravity is as low as possible with respect to the four-bar linkage in the closed position.
9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the top end of the plate (3.1) in the closed position is approximately at the same level as the articulation between the second side (6.1) and the third side (8.1) of the four-bar linkage.
10. Window frontage having a plurality of lamellar plates (3.1 - 3.4) which are arranged one above the other in rows, are mounted pivotably and can be pivoted simultaneously by a drive, characterized in that the plates (3.1 - 3.4) are retained such that they can be pivoted by devices according to one of Claims 1 to 9, and in that they are aligned essentially vertically in the closed position.
11. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a securing mechanism (16, 17) is provided for securing the pivotable side of the lamellar plate (3.1) in the closed position.
12. Device according to Claim 11, characterized in that the securing mechanism (16, 17) has a first part (17), which is connected firmly to the pivotable plate (3.1), and a second part (16), which is connected to the stationary carrier (4.1), and in that the two parts (17, 16) hook one inside the other upon closure of the lamellar plate (3.1).
13. Device according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the four-bar linkage is designed such that, after the pivot movement (18.2) or upon completion of the pivot movement (18.2), the plate (3.1) executes a closure movement (18.1) parallel to the stationary carrier (4.1).
14. Device according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that one of the corners of the four-bar linkage can move perpendicularly with respect to the axis of rotation of the corner in order to permit a closure movement (18.1) essentially parallel to the stationary carrier (4.1).

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