EP0567588B1 - Drallauslass - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0567588B1
EP0567588B1 EP92905336A EP92905336A EP0567588B1 EP 0567588 B1 EP0567588 B1 EP 0567588B1 EP 92905336 A EP92905336 A EP 92905336A EP 92905336 A EP92905336 A EP 92905336A EP 0567588 B1 EP0567588 B1 EP 0567588B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
flank
diffuser
diffuser according
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92905336A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0567588A1 (de
Inventor
Claudejean-Marie Tagnon
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0567588A1 publication Critical patent/EP0567588A1/de
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Publication of EP0567588B1 publication Critical patent/EP0567588B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air diffuser in a vortex jet with a vertical axis, and more particularly an adjustable diffuser of this type usable as an air heater or in a blowing mouth.
  • diffusers which are arranged on the ceiling thereof and which ensure air distribution in the vertical direction and from top to bottom. It is indeed on the ceiling of a room that it is best to have a diffuser since it, as well as its air supply ducts, can be easily hidden in the thickness of a false ceiling. This is particularly the case for factories, where the heating devices are installed on the roof, which allows a significant saving of floor space.
  • the devices of the prior art make it possible to ensure, in particular, two types of air distribution, namely a distribution in dart, that is to say a distribution in which the speed of the air streams has a preferred direction component, and a distribution by cyclone effect, that is to say a distribution in which the single speed component of the air at the inlet of the diffuser is transformed, at the outlet thereof, into three components, namely an axial component, a tangential component and a radial component.
  • a distribution in dart that is to say a distribution in which the speed of the air streams has a preferred direction component
  • a distribution by cyclone effect that is to say a distribution in which the single speed component of the air at the inlet of the diffuser is transformed, at the outlet thereof, into three components, namely an axial component, a tangential component and a radial component.
  • the diffusers used in air conditioning in which the blast effect is controlled by playing on a variation in the incident air flow rate have significant drawbacks, which are linked to the fact that the average temperature differences between the air and the heat transfer fluid distributing calories / frigories are greater when we want to heat a room than when we want to cool it, which forces to increase the flow rate supplied by the diffuser when it blows air hot, and to decrease it when it blows cold air.
  • the increase in a flow of hot air is favorable to exchangers with a smaller exchange surface while the reduction in a flow of cold air is favorable to exchangers with a larger exchange surface. It is therefore extremely difficult to use a diffuser with variation in flow rate to ensure the conditioning, therefore the heating and the refrigeration, of the same room, if it is also desired that this conditioning is carried out under optimal economic conditions.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a diffuser capable of producing a vortex jet creating a diffusion cone whose angle is susceptible to be adjusted as a function, in particular, of the relative density of the incident air with respect to that of the ambient air of a room.
  • the present invention also aims to provide an air diffuser which is easy and economical to manufacture.
  • the present invention thus relates to a diffuser intended to ensure air diffusion in a vortex jet of vertical axis consisting of a cylindrical box having an upper face provided with an opening intended for the axial admission of a flow of air, and a lower face, characterized in that the upper and lower faces of the cylindrical box are two identical polygons, in the shape of a sawtooth, defining between them flanks of teeth, a first flank of a tooth being substantially perpendicular to the second flank of an adjacent tooth, said first flank consisting of a wall ensuring a substantially tangential deflection of the air, and said second flank consisting of an air outlet orifice oriented substantially tangentially with respect to the box , the underside of the box being closed.
  • the box has the right to the air inlet opening, a conical deflection element the point of which is directed upwards, the diameter of the base of which is close to that of said opening, and the height of which is substantially equal to that of the box.
  • the diffuser comprises, in front of each air outlet orifice, one or more fins which can be oriented around an axis of rotation parallel to the plane of the air outlet orifice and perpendicular on the side, for an axial deflection of the air.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view from above of a diffuser according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a half top view of the diffuser shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3a is a view in vertical section of the diffuser shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 along the line III-III in FIG. 2.
  • Figure 3b is a vertical sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the diffuser shown in Figures 1 to 3a
  • Figure 4 is a view schematically showing the path of the air streams from a diffuser according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a view schematically showing the path of the air streams from a diffuser according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 6a and 6b are partial views respectively in elevation and in top view of an alternative embodiment of the diffuser according to the invention.
  • Figure 7 is a partial elevational view of an alternative embodiment of the diffuser according to the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show a diffuser according to the invention which consists of a box 1 in the form of a cylinder with a vertical axis yy ', the upper 3 and lower 5 faces are polygonal, and more precisely in the form of teeth saw.
  • the upper 3 and lower 5 faces are joined by vertical flanks so that each tooth has a first flank 7 slightly inclined relative to a radial direction and a second flank 9, each of these flanks being perpendicular to the other flank of the adjacent tooth.
  • the upper face 3 of the diffuser is pierced with a circular central opening 11 which constitutes an air intake, coming either from a fan or from an air intake duct, (not shown in the drawing), and the underside 5 of the diffuser is completely closed by a horizontal wall.
  • each of the "saw teeth" of the diffuser consists of a solid vertical wall, while the other side 7 which is immediately adjacent to it consists of an opening which makes the interior of the diffuser communicate with the exterior, and which constitutes an air outlet orifice.
  • the diffuser according to the invention thus comprises, in the embodiment shown in the drawings, a series of twelve air outlet orifices 7 which are regularly distributed around its periphery, around the axis yy ′.
  • the air arrives in the diffuser through the upper opening 11, in an axial direction yy ', then this air is deflected for the first time by striking the internal face of the bottom of the diffuser, to direct itself, substantially radially, on the flanks 9, where it undergoes a second deflection, to then move towards the outlet orifices 7 along a trajectory substantially perpendicular to the surface of the latter.
  • a series of horizontal jets in the form of darts which are substantially tangential with respect to the diffuser and which create a flat vortex jet whose power is proportional to the speed of exit of the air from the orifices 7 and at the rate thereof.
  • FIG. 3b there are, inside the box 1, a cone 12 whose point is directed upwards and whose base is supported on the underside 5 of the box 1.
  • the base of the cone preferably has a diameter equal to that of the circular opening 11, and its height is close to that of the box 1.
  • Such a cone has the effect of greatly reducing the turbulence undergone by the air during the first deflection which, at the same time, has the effect, on the one hand, to reduce the pressure losses as well as the noise produced by the diffuser and, on the other hand, to favor the formation of dart-shaped flows.
  • the flat vortex jet thus obtained (FIG. 4) has the characteristic of being particularly easy to orient due to the dart-shaped constitution of the air flow at the outlet of the orifices 7.
  • Such a vortex jet can make it possible to ensure good diffusion of the air in a room, when the density of the incident air projected by the diffuser is greater than that of the air of the room so that the distribution of incident air can be produced by gravity.
  • deflector means which allow the transformation of the flat vortex jet into a controlled conical vortex jet.
  • These deflector means can be consisting, for example, of deflecting fins whose inclination relative to the horizontal can be adjusted using appropriate control means.
  • each air outlet orifice 7 is thus provided with two deflecting fins, namely an upper fin 15 rotatably mounted on a first horizontal axis 17 disposed at the top of the diffuser, and a median fin 19 rotatably mounted on a second horizontal axis 21 disposed substantially halfway up the outlet orifice 7, these two axes being parallel to the latter.
  • the upper 17 and median 21 axes are arranged along a plane Q which is inclined relative to the air outlet orifice 7 at an angle a equal to approximately 45 °.
  • the present device makes it possible, by acting on the inclination b of the fins 15 and 19 relative to the horizontal, to adjust the angle formed by the vortex with the horizontal whatever the relative density of the air distributed by the diffuser. (Figure 5).
  • the inclination b of the fins 15 and 19 will be adjusted so that the incident air coming from the diffuser mixes with the homogeneous ambient air, without creating a breath effect perceptible to the occupants of the room.
  • the density of the incident air delivered by the diffuser is lower than that of the ambient air (hot and / or humid air), it suffices to increase the inclination b of the fins 15 and 19 to obtain the desired diffusion.
  • the density of the incident air delivered by the diffuser is greater than that of the ambient air (cold and / or dry air)
  • the only difference in the densities of the incident air and the ambient air is sufficient to cause the incident air to descend by gravity, it is also possible to give zero incidence to the fins 15 and 19 , that is to say to position them horizontally.
  • the present invention thus makes it possible to be freed from the constraints originating from the bonding of flow problems with those of the relative density differences existing between the incident air coming from the diffuser and the ambient air of the room. Indeed, under identical conditions of relative densities, increasing the flow rate leads to reducing the inclination of the fins, and decreasing the flow rate leads to increasing the inclination of the fins.
  • the diffuser according to the invention unlike the devices of the prior art, is therefore perfectly usable in air conditioning systems of a room, that is to say in systems making it possible to ensure in turn the heating and refrigeration of this room, in optimal economy conditions.
  • an axial extraction device concentric with the underside 5 of the box 1, is provided below it.
  • This extraction device uses the central depression created at the center of the vortex by the vertical depression and the wake effect of the lower face 5 to extract the internal pollution produced in the room such as smoke, harmful vapors, etc.
  • the diffuser comprises control means making it possible to adjust, at the same value, the inclination b of the upper 15 and lower 19 fins.
  • each of the upper fins 15 is provided with a rod 27, perpendicular to the plane of the fin 15 and integral with the latter, the upper part of which is articulated at a first end 29 a rod 31, which is slidably mounted on supports, not shown.
  • the lower fins 19, for their part, are connected to the upper fins 15, by connecting rods 37, parallel to the plane Q containing the respective axes of rotation 17 and 21 of the fins.
  • the length of the rods 37 is equal to the spacing of the axes 17 and 21, so that the deformable parallelogram structure thus formed ensures parallel maintenance of the pairs of fins 15 and 19.
  • any sliding of a rod 31 has the effect of rotating the fins 15 and 19 which are associated with it, about their respective axes of rotation 17 and 21, which allows them to give the desired inclination b .
  • each of the upper fins 15 is associated with a deflection pulley 39, rotatably mounted on a vertical axis 40.
  • the deflection pulleys 39 are arranged in such a way that an endless cable 41 is wound thereon, and that each rod 31 corresponds to a part of cable 41 between two successive pulleys 39, this cable part being parallel to the rod 31.
  • the pulleys 39 are thus arranged at the vertices of a polygon whose sides are parallel to the rods 31.
  • the second end 33 of the rod 31 is fixed to the cable 41, so that any movement thereof in one direction or the other, has the effect of modifying the inclination b of the fins 15 and 19.
  • a rotation of the cable 41 in the direction of the arrow c in FIG. 8 has the effect of increasing the inclination b of the fins 15, 19 while movement in the opposite direction has the effect of decreasing the latter.
  • the present fin control device has the advantage of ensuring a rigorously identical positioning of the different fins.
  • the displacement of the cable 41 can be produced by any suitable control device, and in particular screw or jack systems which can act either directly on the cable 41 or on one of the rods 31.
  • the present invention thus enables an efficient and simple diffuser to be produced, the ratio of the surface of the blowing orifices to the total size being significant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Diffusor zum Sicherstellen eines Luftaustritts mit Drallstrahl, welcher eine vertikale Achse (yy') hat und welcher von einem zylindrischen Luftkasten (1) gebildet wird, welcher eine obere Fläche (3) aufweist, welche mit einer Öffnung (11) versehen ist, die einen axialen Luftstromzutritt gestattet, und eine untere Fläche (5) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere Fläche (3) und die untere Fläche (5) des zylindrischen Luftkastens (1) zwei übereinstimmende Vielecke in Form von Sägezähnen sind, zwischen denen Zahnflanken gebildet werden, eine erste Flanke (9) eines Zahns im wesentlichen senkrecht zur zweiten Flanke (7) eines benachbarten Zahns ist, dieser erste Zahn von einer Wand gebildet wird, welche eine im wesentlichen tangentiale Luftablenkung sicherstellt, und daß die zweite Flanke von einer Luftaustrittsöffnung (7) gebildet wird, welche im wesentlichen radial bezüglich des Kastens (1) weist, wobei die untere Fläche (5) des Kastens (1) verschlossen ist.
  2. Diffusor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kasten (1) in Höhe der Lufteintrittsöffnung (11) ein konisches Ablenkelement aufweist, dessen Spitze nach oben zeigt, dessen Basisdurchmesser in der Nähe der Öffnung (11) liegt, und dessen Höhe etwa gleich jener des Kastens ist.
  3. Diffusor nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er vor jeder Luftaustrittsöffnung (7) einen oder mehrere Flügel (15, 19) aufweist, welche um eine Drehachse (17, 21) parallel zur Ebene der Luftaustrittsöffnung (7) und senkrecht zur Flanke (9) zur axialen Luftablenkung ausrichtbar sind.
  4. Diffusor nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flanke (9) eines Sägezahns parallel zur Flanke (9) des darauffolgenden Sägezahns in einer vertikalen Ebene (23) verlängert ist, wodurch vermieden wird, daß Luft seitlich austritt, wenn die Flügel (15, 19) geneigt sind.
  5. Diffusor nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Steuervorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen Steuern der Flügel (15, 19) aufweist.
  6. Diffusor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens ein Flügel (15, 19), welcher der jeweiligen Austrittsöffnung (7) zugeordnet ist, mit einem vertikalen Schaft (27) versehen ist, welcher über ein Gestänge (31) senkrecht zur Drehachse (17) mit einem Zug (41) verbunden ist, welcher über Umlenkrollen (39) geht.
  7. Diffusor nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umlenkrollen (39) an den Spitzen eines Vielecks angeordnet sind, dessen Seiten parallel zu den Gestängen (31) derart sind, daß bei der Bewegung des Zugs (41) die gleichzeitige Verschiebung aller Gestänge (31) und in gleichem Maße bewirkt wird, und daß folglich eine gleichzeitige und in gleichem Maße vorhandene Neigung oder ein Anheben aller Flügel (7) bewirkt wird.
  8. Diffusor nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verschiebung des Zugs (41) mit Hilfe eines Spindel- oder Zylindersystems bewerkstelligt wird, welches direkt den Zug (41) oder eines der Gestänge (31) beaufschlagt.
  9. Diffusor nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er selbst in eine axiale und zur unteren Fläche (5) konzentrische Abzugsleitung eingebaut sein kann, um örtliche, innere Verunreinigungen abzuziehen, die sich um den Mittelpunkt des Diffusionskonus durch einen vertikalen Unterdruck und durch die Stauwirkung der unteren Fläche (5) konzentrieren.
EP92905336A 1991-01-21 1992-01-20 Drallauslass Expired - Lifetime EP0567588B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9100611A FR2671860A1 (fr) 1991-01-21 1991-01-21 Procede de diffusion d'air en jet tourbillonnaire d'axe vertical et diffuseur reglable pour une utilisation en aerotherme ou en bouche de soufflage.
FR9100611 1991-01-21
PCT/FR1992/000045 WO1992013241A1 (fr) 1991-01-21 1992-01-20 Diffuseur d'air a jet tourbillonnaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0567588A1 EP0567588A1 (de) 1993-11-03
EP0567588B1 true EP0567588B1 (de) 1994-08-17

Family

ID=9408860

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92905336A Expired - Lifetime EP0567588B1 (de) 1991-01-21 1992-01-20 Drallauslass

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0567588B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE110158T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69200335T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2671860A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1992013241A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1434721A (fr) * 1965-05-20 1966-04-08 Marelli & C Spa Ercole Appareil de ventilation à distributeur tournant
DE2827910A1 (de) * 1978-06-24 1980-01-10 Trox Gmbh Geb Luftauslass, insbesondere deckenluftauslass
DE8535694U1 (de) * 1985-12-19 1986-04-30 Sellmann, Klaus Peter, 6333 Braunfels Luftauslaß für Lüftungs- und Klimaanlagen
FR2644562A1 (fr) * 1989-03-16 1990-09-21 Aiat Aerotherme d'axe vertical du type assurant une distribution d'air en effet cyclone
US5046405A (en) * 1991-01-28 1991-09-10 Michel Roy Air diffuser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69200335D1 (de) 1994-09-22
DE69200335T2 (de) 1995-04-27
EP0567588A1 (de) 1993-11-03
ATE110158T1 (de) 1994-09-15
FR2671860A1 (fr) 1992-07-24
WO1992013241A1 (fr) 1992-08-06

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