EP0563340B1 - Branderkennungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Branderkennungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0563340B1
EP0563340B1 EP92918915A EP92918915A EP0563340B1 EP 0563340 B1 EP0563340 B1 EP 0563340B1 EP 92918915 A EP92918915 A EP 92918915A EP 92918915 A EP92918915 A EP 92918915A EP 0563340 B1 EP0563340 B1 EP 0563340B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
measuring chamber
ventilated
air
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92918915A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0563340A1 (de
Inventor
Ernst-Werner Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH filed Critical Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH
Publication of EP0563340A1 publication Critical patent/EP0563340A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0563340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0563340B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting fires in ventilated devices or machines, for example in Computer equipment and similar electronic devices, with one from the main cooling air flow or a representative subset flowed through measuring chamber, and with at least one detector for recording a fire parameter, which in the measuring chamber in Airflow arranged and for example via an electronic Circuit with a warning, extinguishing and / or shutdown device connected is.
  • the invention further relates to a device of the aforementioned Type, which additionally has an exhaust air duct, which the Measuring chamber the main cooling air flow or the representative subset of it.
  • Such devices are for example also under the Technical term "home protection systems" known.
  • Typical areas of application EDP systems are for facility protection systems and in particular individual components thereof and the like electronic devices, such as measuring, control and control systems, switching systems and private branch exchanges, CNC-controlled work machines and industrial robots, CAD / CAM systems or printers.
  • fire parameter includes physical parameters understood that can be measured in the vicinity of an incipient fire Subject to change, e.g. the ambient temperature, the amount of solid or liquid or gas in the ambient air (Formation of smoke - particles or aerosols - or Steam) or the ambient radiation.
  • the present invention addresses this problem as its Task was considered to shorten the detection time as well as the reliability of the known fire detection devices to increase.
  • a known device for detection of fires in ventilated devices or machines for example in EDP devices and similar electronic devices, which is one of the main cooling air flow or a representative one Has a subset of flow-through measuring chamber and at least a detector for detecting a fire parameter, the arranged in the measuring chamber in the air flow and for example via an electronic circuit with a warning, extinguishing and / or shutdown device, according to the invention solved that the measuring chamber is designed as a chimney, the with a lower cross-sectional opening on a partial cross-section the air outlet of the ventilated device or machine is put on.
  • the "detection chimney" provides one from the Furnace construction known pull that the swirled cooling air, the air outlet of the ventilated device or ventilated Machine leaves, calms down and enters a laminar flow of cooling air is transformed. This laminar flow of cooling air sweeps past the detector located in the detection chimney and thus enables extremely fast and reliable detection of solid or liquid components in the cooling air. With the fire detection device according to the invention Detection times of a few seconds can be achieved.
  • the advantages of the device according to the invention are furthermore especially in that the tapped from the main cooling air flow Partial air volume not through one for additional swirls the fan supplying the cooling air to the measuring chamber must be, but that the cooling air is exploited of the chimney effect known per se passed through the measuring chamber becomes.
  • the fire detection device according to the invention with a smaller power supply unit gets along, since in addition to that for the detector or detectors Energy no additional energy for a fan is required.
  • the fire detection device according to the invention is self-evident also on such ventilated devices or machines can be used in which the air outlet is arranged on the side.
  • either the exhaust air dome or one of the plug-in inserts or the detection chimney itself for example have a 90 ° curvature around the cooling air flow in the detection area as far as possible in the vertical direction cause, which further reduces the formation of turbulence becomes.
  • For an angular detection chimney is to ensure a laminar flow in the detection area provided in an advantageous manner that the detector arranged in a linear section of the fireplace is.
  • the object underlying the invention is also in the previously described known device, which additionally a Exhaust air duct, which the measuring chamber the main cooling air flow or the representative subset thereof, according to the invention solved in that the measuring chamber as a flat, two-sided open box is formed with an open Is connected to the outlet of the exhaust air duct, that the exhaust air duct is also box-shaped and has a lid and attached side walls, and that the exhaust duct box with the open bottom on the air outlet of the ventilated device is attached.
  • the fire detection device can also be used anywhere there, where the air outlet of the ventilated device has baffles, the cooling air flow emerging from the air outlet already at a certain angle to the plane of the air outlet, for example, deflect at 45 °.
  • the tapped flows Subset of the main cooling air flow also under the same Angle in the exhaust duct box, causing a backflow of the Cooling air by reflection on the underside of the cover of the exhaust duct box is avoided.
  • Kick the tapped subset of the cooling air flow for example, below 45 ° in the exhaust duct box one, the cooling air is at the bottom of the Cover deflected again by a further 45 ° and thus flows calmly towards the measuring chamber in the direction of flow.
  • the exhaust duct box is formed in two parts by the lid and the Side walls form an upper part and a lower part is provided which has lamella-like air inlet slots in the bottom, whose lamellae are bevelled in the direction of flow are, and which can be inserted into the top from below is.
  • the slats can, for example, at an angle of 45 ° run to the bottom of the exhaust duct.
  • the perpendicular from the Cooling air escaping from the ventilated device thus in the area of the fire detection device from the slats a first of the exhaust air duct in the direction of the measuring chamber Deflected times and on the underside of the cover of the exhaust air duct again, whereupon the tapped cooling air flow calms and turns into a laminar flow.
  • the tapped cooling air flow through the fins of the air inlet slots the exhaust duct box for the first time Direction of flow is deflected, a reflection of cooling air entering the exhaust air duct at the bottom the cover of the exhaust air duct avoided.
  • the whole Fire detection device can thus be constructed modularly, by - depending on the desired length of the overall device - one or several exhaust air duct units can be joined together the end of the exhaust air duct in the direction of flow Measuring chamber is connected.
  • cooling air can be the distance of the fire detection device from the air outlet of the ventilated device according to an advantageous development of the invention Stands are changed to back up cooling air too avoid.
  • the two detectors are arranged in the measuring chamber, the different Can address fire parameters.
  • the two detectors will in a manner known per se in two lines to a fire alarm control panel switched.
  • the two can Detectors can be smoke detectors, gas detectors or heat detectors, where either both detectors, for example smoke detectors or but a smoke detector and another gas detector or Can be heat detectors.
  • a temperature sensor can be arranged in the exhaust air duct. Since in most cases with the development of fires with the Fire parameter "solid or liquid content in the Cooling air "is to be expected, for example the arrangement from two smoke detectors.
  • optical Smoke detectors O detectors
  • ionization smoke detectors 1 detector
  • a gas detector detects the fire parameter "Share of certain gases in the device cooling air" the heat detector reacts to heat radiation.
  • the latter is to be used, for example, where the cooling air is unavoidable a certain proportion of solids, for example in the form of dust.
  • the cooling air is unavoidable a certain proportion of solids, for example in the form of dust.
  • a smoke alarm cause false alarms due to the dust.
  • the heat detector can be designed as a maximum detector, which then responds, if the measured temperature is for a specified time certain threshold value, or as a differential detector, which responds when the rate of change of the measured temperature for a certain time Value exceeds, or both as maximum and Differential detector that combines both capabilities.
  • the differential measurement in particular enables very early Display of abnormal temperature rises in the unit cooling air.
  • the two detectors face each other and in the direction of flow the measuring chamber is arranged offset from one another.
  • the advantage the staggered and opposite arrangement One of the detectors is that the measuring chamber so gets by with a smaller cross-section and secondly in that the arrangement of the detectors in different Another height above the air outlet of the ventilated device makes a significant contribution to avoiding false alarms.
  • the arrangement of the detectors consists in the flow direction to be staggered, but on one Page. Then the detectors can namely on a common Circuit board can be arranged, which is a manufacturing technology Benefits and maintenance of the Fire detection device considerably facilitated, because only from one side requires access to the detectors for maintenance purposes is.
  • Fig. 1 shows a side view of a device for recognition of fires in ventilated equipment or machinery that are essentially has a measuring chamber 2 which of the main cooling air flow or a representative subset tapped from it is flowed through, and furthermore two detectors 12, 13 in the form of smoke detectors, which in the measuring chamber 2 in the air flow flowing through them are arranged.
  • the smoke detectors 12, 13 are not shown here electronic circuit with a warning, extinguishing and / or shutdown device connected, which is an optical and / or acoustic Display of a fire alarm as well as the immediate reaction with a deletion or by switching off the affected person Device.
  • the measuring chamber 2 is a chimney 4 (hereinafter also: detection chimney) trained, the length of which in the longitudinal direction of him continuous cooling air flow is changeable.
  • a length adjustment of the fireplace 4 to the prevailing on site Ratios is required because both the air flow mass and the flow rate also varies from device to device is and therefore flow channels of different lengths 16 required to create a laminar flow region 17 are.
  • the air flow conditions by adding or removing inserts change such that an adjustment of the length of the detection chimney is required to create a laminar flow to obtain.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the detection chimney 4 This illustration shows that the exhaust air dome 10 expanded towards the bottom to a circular cross section 11, on the one hand, which means a larger proportion of the main cooling air flow and the stability of the entire device is increased.
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view of the chimney-shaped measuring chamber 2 according to Figures 1 and 2.
  • the change in length of the detection chimney 4 is of course also a telescopic Training of the fireplace 4 achievable.
  • Fig. 4 shows the detection chimney 4 with insert 8 and Exhaust dome 10 on the equipment cabinet 1 of a ventilated device.
  • the circular expansion of the exhaust air dome 10 is mechanical Connections, such as screws 7, on the Air outlet 6 of the ventilated device attached.
  • the cooling air of the ventilated device passes through the exhaust air dome 10 into the flow channel 16 of the measuring chamber 2, strokes as a laminar flow past the detectors 12, 13 and leaves the detection chimney 4 through its upper cross-sectional opening 5.
  • Fig. 5 shows a except for the formation of the exhaust air dome 10 identical to the fire detection device described above Embodiment.
  • the detection chimney 4 is on the side air outlet slots 6 of a ventilated device 1 attached.
  • the exhaust air dome 10 has a 90 ° curvature, so that the flow channel 16 within the detection chimney 4 runs in the vertical direction in the detection region 17.
  • the exhaust air dome 10 is circular in cross section at its end formed and by means of screws on the air outlet 6 attached.
  • FIG. 6 shows the exemplary embodiment of the detection chimney according to FIG Figures 1 to 4 as a fire detection device for a Row of side-by-side ventilated devices 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1 “'.
  • the detection chimney 4 with the cross section circularly expanded exhaust air dome 10 onto an exhaust air duct 14 mounted, the 6, 6 ', 6 ", 6"' of the air outlets individual ventilated equipment cabinets via inlet openings 15 takes a subset of the main cooling air flow.
  • the ventilated everyone Device removed cooling air flow is called common Air flow through the exhaust air dome 10 and the pluggable insert 8 fed to the detectors 12, 13.
  • fire detection takes place for the merged Devices 1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"' together.
  • FIG. 7 shows the perspective view of an exhaust air duct 14 - or an exhaust duct unit - as part of an alternative Embodiment of a fire detection device, its overall function are explained below with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14 becomes.
  • the exhaust air duct unit 14 shown in FIG. 7 is box-shaped formed and has a lid 25 and attached to it Side walls 26, 27 on. This exhaust duct box 14 is with the open bottom on the air outlet 6 of the ventilated Device 1 placed. If there is only one exhaust duct box in the Fire detection device is used, so one of the two End faces of the exhaust duct box 14 closed while the end face located in the flow direction of the cooling air flow the measuring chamber 2 is connected (see Fig. 11 to 14). Of the Exhaust duct box 14 shown in Fig. 7 is everywhere there can be used where the air outlet 6 of the ventilated device baffles 29 has, for example, the emerging cooling air flow at an angle of 45 ° to the plane of the air outlet let out (Fig. 13 and 14).
  • Fig. 8 shows a side view of a lower part 23 with lamella-like Air inlet slots 18, which in the upper part 22 of the exhaust duct 14 according to FIG. 7 used from below can be.
  • the lower part 23 has here, for example End wall 28 for closing off the exhaust air duct 14 on, but this is not necessary if the exhaust duct box 14, i.e. with upper part 22 and lower part 23 as the middle one Unit is installed in a longer exhaust air duct. In like this In one case, of course, both ends are open, to let the cooling air flow through.
  • the slat-like Air inlet slots 18 of the lower part 23 each have an edge running across the direction of flow, fins 24 on that at an angle of about 45 ° to the bottom plate of the lower part 23 beveled in the direction of flow. These slats serve essentially perpendicular to the floor panel of the lower part 23 entering through the air inlet slots 18 Redirecting cooling air in the direction of flow for the first time, to ensure a perpendicular impact of the air flowing into the exhaust air duct 14 Cooling air on the underside of the cover 25 (Fig. 7) to avoid, which results in a backlog of cooling air would have.
  • FIG. 9 shows a top view of the lower part 23 according to FIG. 8, from which the position of the slats 24 becomes clear again.
  • Fig. 10 shows an assembled from upper part 22 and lower part 23 Exhaust duct box 14.
  • This exhaust duct box 14 is resulted from the fact that the lower part 23 according to FIGS. 8 and 9 was inserted from below into the upper part 22 according to FIG. 7.
  • Of the Exhaust duct box 14 is on one end face with an end wall 28 closed.
  • this exhaust duct box 14 a unit as it is within a longer one, from several Exhaust duct units 14 composite exhaust duct as left-justified unit or as the only exhaust duct unit 14 is used.
  • the end wall 28 is omitted clearly that the length of the entire exhaust duct by compilation several exhaust duct units, which are also different May have lengths, i.e. modular, changeable is.
  • This length adjustment advantageously takes place an adaptation of the fire detection device to the dimensions of the device to be monitored and it can be optimized the length of the exhaust air duct is particularly efficient for a laminar one
  • the cooling air flows in the exhaust air duct to the measuring chamber.
  • 11 to 14 are some use variants of the flat Embodiment of the fire detection device according to the invention explained.
  • 11 and 12 are each for use in such a ventilated equipment cabinet 1, whose air outlet 6 in the form of a simple grid the top of the equipment cabinet 1 is attached, from which the Cooling air thus rises essentially vertically.
  • On the Air outlet grille 6 of the equipment cabinet 1 according to FIG. 11 two exhaust duct units 14 in the flow direction with one Measuring chamber 2 arranged coupled.
  • the two exhaust duct units 14 essentially correspond to that shown in FIG. 10
  • Exhaust duct unit 14 with the difference that at the stator strips shown in FIG. 11 30, 31 are replaced by transverse columns 20.
  • Cooling air flows in the area below the exhaust duct units 14 into this through the air inlet slots 18 and is thereby for the first time through the slats 24 An angle of approximately 45 ° in the direction of flow towards the measuring chamber 2 distracted.
  • the second deflection of the cooling air takes place on the Underside of the cover 25 of the exhaust duct units 14 (cf. Fig. 7).
  • the tapped ones are deflected overall Partial amount of the main cooling air flow by 90 °, whereby - depending on Outflow speed of the cooling air from the ventilated device 1 - by choosing an appropriate length of the entire exhaust duct ensure that within the exhaust duct units 14 A laminar flow of cooling air is created.
  • FIG. 12 is the use of a further embodiment of the Fire detection device on the same ventilated equipment cabinet 1 shown.
  • the cooling air essentially occurs vertically from the air outlet 6 of the ventilated device 1 out.
  • the ventilated cabinet there is a flow 1 of FIG. 11 the cooling air here with such a low flow rate that a measuring chamber 2 for use comes that by means of its own fan via a supply line 21 from the exhaust air duct box 14 the tapped part the cooling air is actively extracted.
  • This is also known from DE-A-3433459.
  • With such low flow speeds can also be disregarded the exhaust duct by stand 20 (see FIG. 11) or by protruding stand strips 30, 31 (see FIG. 10) from the air outlet grille to be spaced apart. Only at exhaust air speeds of about> 2 m per second there is no active suction and a fire detection device according to FIG. 11 is used will.
  • 13 and 14 each show a ventilated equipment cabinet 1, where the cooling air is already below a certain Angle emerges from the air outlet 6 of the ventilated device 1.
  • the cooling air is deflected here through the device cabinet side already existing air baffles 29 in the two In the cases shown, deflect the cooling air downwards by about 45 °.
  • the fire detection device exists in both cases 13 and 14 from two exhaust duct units 14, which here however consist only of the upper parts 22 according to FIG. 7, and each from a measuring chamber 2. Since that from the air outlet 6 of the ventilated device 1 already exiting cooling air the baffles 29 deflected in the flow direction into the exhaust air duct 14 occurs, is a use of the lower part 23 according to 8 and 9 are not required in the present case.
  • Cooling air is on the underside of the cover 25 of the exhaust duct units 14 deflected once more in the direction of flow, so that here again a laminar flow of cooling air in the direction of the measuring chamber 2.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 Corresponding to the differences between FIGS. 11 and 12 also comes with the equipment cabinets of FIGS. 13 and 14, respectively a different measuring chamber 2 for use.
  • the ventilated Device 1 of FIG. 13 is a device in which the cooling air from the air outlet 6 at a flow rate emerges that is greater than about 2 m per second is.
  • an active extraction of the cooling air from the Exhaust duct can be dispensed with because of the self-flow rate the cooling air is sufficient, the tapped part of the To transport cooling air through the exhaust air duct to the measuring chamber 2.
  • the device cabinet 1 shown in FIG. 14 is concerned is a ventilated device whose cooling air flow rate when leaving the air outlet 6 is not sufficient, for safe transport of the tapped amount of cooling air to ensure through the exhaust duct 14 to the measuring chamber 2. Therefore, the measuring chamber 2 has a fan here, with which the tapped cooling air from a supply line 21 extracted from the exhaust air duct 14 and the detectors in the measuring chamber 2 is supplied. This is also known from DE-A-3433459.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
EP92918915A 1991-10-17 1992-09-11 Branderkennungsvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0563340B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4134400A DE4134400C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-10-17 1991-10-17
DE4134400 1991-10-17
PCT/EP1992/002092 WO1993008549A1 (de) 1991-10-17 1992-09-11 Branderkennungsvorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0563340A1 EP0563340A1 (de) 1993-10-06
EP0563340B1 true EP0563340B1 (de) 1998-05-06

Family

ID=6442902

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92918915A Expired - Lifetime EP0563340B1 (de) 1991-10-17 1992-09-11 Branderkennungsvorrichtung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0563340B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE165928T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2098602C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE4134400C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK0563340T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2115677T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TR (1) TR26577A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1993008549A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20204388U1 (de) 2002-03-20 2002-08-01 Gebrüder Trox, GmbH, 47506 Neukirchen-Vluyn Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Rauch
DE102012020127B4 (de) 2012-10-15 2016-06-09 Telesystems Thorwarth Gmbh Anordnung zur Überwachung und Brandfrühsterkennung für mehrere brand- und/oder explosionsgefährdete Gefäße und/oder Gehäuse
CN113160514B (zh) * 2020-01-22 2023-01-03 中移物联网有限公司 一种风道式烟感系统

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3952808A (en) * 1974-01-23 1976-04-27 National Research Development Corporation Fire protection systems
US4254414A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Processor-aided fire detector
US4419658A (en) * 1981-04-01 1983-12-06 T. J. Company Portable combination lamp, smoke detector and power failure alarm
FR2523455A1 (fr) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-23 Sfeme Dispositif de detection et protection contre l'incendie d'enceintes fermees telles que des armoires sujettes a ce risque
DE3433459A1 (de) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-20 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH, 3108 Winsen Einrichtung/detektionsgeraet zur frueherkennung von brand und ueberhitzung, an/aufgebaut auf gehaeusen/schraenken, die eingebaute elektrische/elektronische und sonstige anlagen umschliessen
GB2175693B (en) * 1985-05-30 1988-11-23 Secr Defence Air temperature instrument
CH682885A5 (de) * 1990-05-25 1993-12-15 Incom Brandschutz Ag Vorrichtung für einen objektgebundenen Brandschutz von elektrischen und/oder elektronischen Anlagen sowie Verwendung der Vorrichtung.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2098602C (en) 2000-12-05
ES2115677T3 (es) 1998-07-01
CA2098602A1 (en) 1993-04-18
ATE165928T1 (de) 1998-05-15
WO1993008549A1 (de) 1993-04-29
DE59209317D1 (de) 1998-06-10
DK0563340T3 (da) 1999-02-15
DE4134400C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1993-04-22
TR26577A (tr) 1995-03-15
EP0563340A1 (de) 1993-10-06

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