EP0557794B1 - Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body - Google Patents

Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0557794B1
EP0557794B1 EP93102034A EP93102034A EP0557794B1 EP 0557794 B1 EP0557794 B1 EP 0557794B1 EP 93102034 A EP93102034 A EP 93102034A EP 93102034 A EP93102034 A EP 93102034A EP 0557794 B1 EP0557794 B1 EP 0557794B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
monopoles
radials
monopole
antenna
glass according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93102034A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0557794A1 (en
Inventor
Detlef Dipl.-Ing. Baranski
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Reichmann
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Paulus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flachglas Wernberg GmbH
Original Assignee
Flachglas Wernberg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flachglas Wernberg GmbH filed Critical Flachglas Wernberg GmbH
Publication of EP0557794A1 publication Critical patent/EP0557794A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0557794B1 publication Critical patent/EP0557794B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna pane to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body, which is set up for mobile radio in duo-band operation with wavelengths that differ by a factor of 2 and is equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelength.
  • the shorter wavelength is referred to as K below.
  • the longer wavelength is denoted by L.
  • the mobile phone works with electromagnetic waves in the decimeter range.
  • Monopoly refers to a linear antenna track in or on the antenna pane, which can be a single pane or a compound pane.
  • the antenna trace can, for example, be printed on and optionally galvanically reinforced or designed as a wire trace.
  • a monopoly the length of which corresponds to a quarter of the wavelength, is generally referred to as a lambda quarter monopoly and, in the context of the invention, as an L / 4 monopoly or K / 4 monopoly.
  • the transmission behavior and vice versa the reception behavior of lambda quarter monopolies is characterized by good omnidirectional characteristics and a relatively large vertical angle of elevation and is used in the mobile radio sector. It is known to work with L / 4 monopoles and K / 4 monopoles in the mobile radio sector.
  • the L / 4 monopoly and the K / 4 monopoly are independent antennas which are not in an electron-conducting connection. They are operated separately.
  • the L / 4 monopoly is switched on L mobile radio, at K mobile radio the K / 4 monopoly.
  • the inductive and / or capacitive interaction does not interfere, especially since there is no electronically conductive connection.
  • the transmission characteristic (the same applies reciprocally to the reception characteristic) of a lambda quarter monopole is clearly defined for the arrangement of a lambda quarter monopole over an infinitely extensive, completely conductive surface (so-called earth).
  • rod antennas are often used in which the motor vehicle body acts as earth and is connected directly as a ground.
  • the earth is also simulated by radials tuned to the wavelength, which in turn interact inductively and capacitively with the metallic motor vehicle body.
  • the radials are usually parallel to the metallic edge of the window opening. This has proven itself in terms of mobile radio technology.
  • the independent arrangement and the independent antenna technology function of the two lambda quarter monopolies requires special measures and special connection measures (e.g. antenna switches) on the way to the transmitter or the receiver, which is considerably disruptive if the antenna disks are automatic in modern motor vehicle production to be assembled.
  • Antenna disks for motor vehicles which have mutually electronically connected monopoles of different lengths for different wavelengths, are also known (JP A 62-43 905, US 47 49 998), but without specifying radials. They are not suitable for mobile radio in duo band mode. Radials in antenna disks for motor vehicles are known, however, without taking into account a special relationship between the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves and the diameter of the opening of the motor vehicle (US Pat. No. 4,914,447).
  • the invention has for its object to further develop an antenna disk of the structure described at the outset and the intended purpose at the outset in such a way that it meets all requirements both on the transmission side and on the reception side.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that a circular opening in an infinitely extensive, completely conductive plane itself functions as an antenna (so-called generalized Babinet principle, cf. Sommerfeld “Optik", 1964, pages 177-179).
  • This "hole antenna” shows in its plane a distinctive structure of the electrical or magnetic field strengths if the ratio of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves and the diameter of the opening are in the pronounced diffraction range, as is the case for the waves of mobile radio and for antenna disks usual motor vehicles is the case (Handbuch der Physik, Band XXV / l, 1961, pages 460 - 465). All of this applies to the window openings of a metallic motor vehicle body in a modified manner, but has so far not been considered.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the monopoles (L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly) in the hole antenna, which is given by the window opening in the motor vehicle body, need to be adapted to the structure of the electromagnetic field strengths and that a special one Coupling to the "mass" is required, which is given by the motor vehicle body.
  • This is achieved by the invention in the combination of the features mentioned in that the distance between the two radials from the metallic edge of the window opening and their lengths and widths are selected so that the shielding of the coaxial cable is sufficiently free of sheathed waves and the radiation characteristic is optimized.
  • the impedance can also be adapted to the coaxial cable. This adaptation or optimization can be determined by experiments without difficulty.
  • the two monopoles of an antenna disk according to the invention do not interfere.
  • the function can be explained as follows: In an antenna disk according to the invention, the two monopoles are connected in parallel. In the long band, the long monopoly is resonant, ie low-resistance, the short monopoly is too short and therefore capacitively high-resistance. As a result, the short monopoly does not work in the long band. In the short band, the long monopoly is too long, ie high-impedance.
  • the monopolies can experience a capacitive shortening in a manner known per se. This can be achieved in a simple manner, in particular with regard to the long monopoly, namely by means of a T-shaped design.
  • L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly are to be understood in the sense of antenna technology and include length tolerances in relation to the assigned wavelength of ⁇ 20%.
  • the geometric length of the monopoles is reduced compared to the vacuum (air) quarter wavelength due to the presence of the dielectric glass panes.
  • the shortening factor depends on the window opening and therefore on the geometry of the antenna pane, on the geometry of the monopoles and above all on the thickness of the glass panes used. It is typically 0.6-0.8.
  • the optimization is particularly easy to achieve and is particularly pronounced if the 1-radial and the k-radial have the length of the respectively assigned monopole.
  • the 1-radial and the k-radial can also be provided with a length which corresponds to (2n-1) times the length of the respectively assigned monopoly, n is an integer greater than or equal to one.
  • the space between the monopoles has a width of approximately K / 20 or less than K / 20.
  • the radials expediently have a width of at least K / 200.
  • the width of K / 100 has also proven itself.
  • the radials can be doubled.
  • the antenna elements are particularly useful if the usual polarization of the electromagnetic waves of mobile radio is taken into account if the monopoles are arranged essentially vertically.
  • the radials are advantageously arranged essentially horizontally.
  • the radials In the embodiment as a windshield, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper edge of the windshield, in such a way that the monopoles point downward.
  • the radials In the embodiment as a side window, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper and / or lower edge so that the monopoles each point to the opposite edge.
  • the radials are expediently arranged on the lower edge, so that the monopolies point upwards.
  • the antenna panes shown in the figures are to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body.
  • the antenna discs are equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelengths.
  • an L / 4 monopoly 1 and a K / 4 monopoly 2 are always electrically connected in parallel and U-shaped or V-shaped with an electrically conductive connection at the base 3.
  • the L / 4 monopoly 1 is an l-radial 4
  • the K / 4 monopoly 2 is assigned a k-radial 5, which run parallel to the metallic edge 6 of the window opening.
  • the 1-radial 4 is oriented to the side of the L / 4 monopole 1, the k-radial 5 to the side of the K / 4 monopole 2.
  • the reverse arrangement can also be chosen.
  • the core 8 of a coaxial cable 9 is connected via a connector 7.
  • the shield 10 of the coaxial cable 9 is connected to the two radials 4, 5.
  • the connecting piece 7 can be a soldered connection, a plug element or the like, the wave resistance of the connecting piece 7 preferably corresponding to that of the coaxial cable 9.
  • the distance between the two radials 4, 5 from the metallic edge 6 of the window opening and their lengths and widths are selected so that the jacket 10 of the coaxial cable 9 is sufficiently free of jacket waves and the radiation characteristic is optimized.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates modifications of the basic principle of an antenna disk according to the invention shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen from FIG. 2d) that an L / 4 monopole 1 is additionally arranged and that the two L / 4 monopoles 1 are spread out in a V-shape. In this embodiment, the K / 4 monopoly 2 is located in the V-axis. Another embodiment can be seen in FIGS. 2e) and 2f). This illustrates that an additional K / 4 monopole 2 is arranged and that the two K / 4 monopoles 2 are spread out in a V-shape, the L / 4 monopole 1 being arranged in the V-axis here.
  • Figure 2c shows that an additional L / 4 monopoly 1 parallel to the first and symmetrical on the K / 4 monopole 2 is arranged, the ends of the L / 4 monopoles 1 being connected.
  • Figures 2b) and 2f) you can also see that the L / 4 monopoly 1 is capacitively shortened by a T-shaped design.
  • FIG. 1 it can be seen that the l-radial 4 and the k-radial 5 have the length of the respectively assigned monopole 1 or 2. Reference has already been made to the permissible length tolerances and usual shortening factors.
  • FIG. 2 makes it clear that the radials 4, 5 can also be doubled. With regard to the spaces between the monopoles 1, 2 and the width of the radials 4, 5, reference is made to claims 7 to 9.
  • FIG. 3 The orientation of the monopoles 1, 2 and radials 4, 5 in an antenna pane according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the radials 4, 5 are arranged on the upper edge of the pane 11, which Monopolies 1, 2 point downwards.
  • the radials 4, 5 are arranged at the upper and at the lower edge, while the monopolies 1, 2 point to the opposite edge.
  • Figure 3d) shows the embodiment as a side window 13 with radials 4, 5 at the bottom, while the monopoles 1, 2 point upwards.
  • the radials 4, 5 can also enclose an angle of less than 180 ° by running parallel to the pane edges converging in the corner.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

A window-pane antenna which is to be inserted into the window opening of metallic motor-vehicle bodywork and is set up for mobile radio in dual-band operation using wavelengths (L and K; L = 2 K) which differ approximately by a factor 2. It is equipped with unipoles which are tuned to the wavelength. An L/4 unipole and a K/4 unipole are connected electrically in parallel and are arranged in a U-shape or V-shape with an electronically conductive connection at the base. An L-radial is allocated to the L/4 unipole and a k-radial is allocated to the K/4 unipole, which radials run parallel to the metallic edge of the window opening. The core of a coaxial cable is connected to the base, via a connecting piece. The screen of the coaxial cable is connected to the two radials. The distance of the two radials from the metallic edge of the window opening and their lengths l, k and widths are selected such that the screen of the coaxial cable is sufficiently free of waves in the sheath and the radiation characteristic is optimised. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine in die Fensteröffnung einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie einzusetzende Antennenscheibe, die für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb mit um etwa einen Faktor 2 unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen eingerichtet sowie mit auf die Wellenlänge abgestimmten Monopolen ausgerüstet ist. - Die kürzere Wellenlänge wird im folgenden mit K bezeichnet. Die größere Wellenlänge wird mit L bezeichnet.The invention relates to an antenna pane to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body, which is set up for mobile radio in duo-band operation with wavelengths that differ by a factor of 2 and is equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelength. - The shorter wavelength is referred to as K below. The longer wavelength is denoted by L.

Der Mobilfunk arbeitet mit elektromagnetischen Wellen im Dezimeterbereich. Monopol bezeichnet eine lineare Antennenspur in oder auf der Antennenscheibe, die eine Einfachscheibe oder eine Verbundscheibe sein kann. Die Antennenspur kann beispielsweise aufgedruckt und gegebenenfalls galvanisch verstärkt oder als Drahtspur ausgeführt sein. Ein Monopol, dessen Länge einem Viertel der Wellenlänge entspricht, wird allgemein als Lambdaviertel-Monopol und im Rahmen der Erfindung als L/4-Monopol bzw. K/4-Monopol bezeichnet. Das Sendeverhalten und umgekehrt das Empfangsverhalten von Lambdaviertel-Monopolen ist durch eine gute Rundstrahlcharakteristik sowie einen relativ großen vertikalen Erhebungswinkel gekennzeichnet und wird im Mobilfunkbereich genutzt. Es ist bekannt, im Mobilfunkbereich mit L/4-Monopolen und K/4-Monopolen zu arbeiten.The mobile phone works with electromagnetic waves in the decimeter range. Monopoly refers to a linear antenna track in or on the antenna pane, which can be a single pane or a compound pane. The antenna trace can, for example, be printed on and optionally galvanically reinforced or designed as a wire trace. A monopoly, the length of which corresponds to a quarter of the wavelength, is generally referred to as a lambda quarter monopoly and, in the context of the invention, as an L / 4 monopoly or K / 4 monopoly. The transmission behavior and vice versa the reception behavior of lambda quarter monopolies is characterized by good omnidirectional characteristics and a relatively large vertical angle of elevation and is used in the mobile radio sector. It is known to work with L / 4 monopoles and K / 4 monopoles in the mobile radio sector.

Bei der aus der Praxis bekannten Antennenscheibe, von der die Erfindung ausgeht, sind der L/4-Monopol und der K/4-Monopol selbständige Antennen, die nicht in elektronenleitender Verbindung stehen. Sie werden separat betrieben. Bei L-Mobilfunk wird der L/4-Monopol geschaltet, bei K-Mobilfunk der K/4-Monopol. Die induktive und/oder kapazitive Wechselwirkung stört nicht, zumal eine elektronisch leitende Verbindung fehlt. Die Sendecharakteristik (entsprechendes gilt reziprok für die Empfangscharakteristik) eines Lambdaviertel-Monopols ist eindeutig definiert für die Anordnung eines Lambdaviertel-Monopols über einer unendlich ausgedehnten, vollkommen leitenden Fläche (sogenannte Erde). In der Praxis werden daher häufig Stabantennen eingesetzt, bei denen die Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie als Erde wirkt und direkt als Masse geschaltet ist. Im Mobilfunk bei Kraftfahrzeugen wird die Erde auch durch auf die Wellenlänge abgestimmte Radials simuliert, die ihrerseits induktiv und kapazitiv mit der metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie wechselwirken. Die Radials verlaufen in der Regel parallel zum metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung. Das hat sich mobilfunktechnisch bewährt. Die selbständige Anordnung sowie die selbständige antennentechnische Funktion der beiden Lambdaviertel-Monopole verlangt jedoch auf dem Weg zum Sender bzw. zum Empfänger besondere Maßnahmen und besondere anschlußtechnische Maßnahmen (z. B. Antennenweichen), was erheblich stört, wenn in der modernen Kraftfahrzeugfertigung die Antennenscheiben automatisch montiert werden.In the antenna disk known from practice, from which the invention is based, the L / 4 monopoly and the K / 4 monopoly are independent antennas which are not in an electron-conducting connection. They are operated separately. The L / 4 monopoly is switched on L mobile radio, at K mobile radio the K / 4 monopoly. The inductive and / or capacitive interaction does not interfere, especially since there is no electronically conductive connection. The transmission characteristic (the same applies reciprocally to the reception characteristic) of a lambda quarter monopole is clearly defined for the arrangement of a lambda quarter monopole over an infinitely extensive, completely conductive surface (so-called earth). In practice, rod antennas are often used in which the motor vehicle body acts as earth and is connected directly as a ground. In mobile communications in motor vehicles, the earth is also simulated by radials tuned to the wavelength, which in turn interact inductively and capacitively with the metallic motor vehicle body. The radials are usually parallel to the metallic edge of the window opening. This has proven itself in terms of mobile radio technology. The independent arrangement and the independent antenna technology function of the two lambda quarter monopolies requires special measures and special connection measures (e.g. antenna switches) on the way to the transmitter or the receiver, which is considerably disruptive if the antenna disks are automatic in modern motor vehicle production to be assembled.

Zum Empfang von klassischen Kurzwellen, deren Wellenlänge wesentlich länger ist als die der elektromagnetischen Wellen des modernen Mobilfunks, ist es bekannt (GB 460 570, 1937), mit gekreuzten Linearantennen zu arbeiten, deren Kreuzarme beidseits des Kreuzungspunktes unterschiedlich lang sind und einerseits sowie andererseits des Kreuzes zur Resonanz mit entsprechenden Wellen im Kurzwellenspektrum als Lambdahalbe-Dipole ausgelegt sind. Sie werden nicht im Sinne der vorstehenden Ausführungen separat betrieben. Radials im Sinne der vorstehenden Definition sind hier nicht vorgesehen. Eine Übertragung auf Antennenscheiben, die in Fensteröffnungen von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien einzusetzen und für den Mobilfunk bestimmt sowie bezüglich der Dipollänge der Wellenlänge des Mobilfunks anzupassen wären, führt nicht zum Erfolg. Antennenscheiben für Kraftfahrzeuge, die untereinander elektronisch leitend verbundene unterschiedlich lange Monopole für unterschiedliche Wellenlängen aufweisen, sind ebenfalls bekannt (JP A 62-43 905, US 47 49 998), jedoch ohne Spezifizierung von Radials. Sie sind nicht für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb geeignet. Radials bei Antennenscheiben für Kraftfahrzeuge sind jedoch bekannt, ohne daß ein besonderes Verhältnis zwischen der Wellenlänge der elektromagnetischen Wellen und dem Durchmesser der Öffnung des Kraftfahrzeuges berücksichtigt wird (US 49 14 447). Eine für den Mobilfunk in Duoband-Betrieb eingerichtete Antenne, die jedoch nur als externe Antenne eingesetzt werden kann, ist ebenfalls bekannt (DE 37 32 994).For the reception of classic short waves, the wavelength of which is considerably longer than that of the electromagnetic waves of modern mobile radio, it is known (GB 460 570, 1937) to work with crossed linear antennas, the cross arms of which are of different lengths on both sides of the crossing point and on the one hand and on the other hand Cross for resonance with corresponding waves in the shortwave spectrum are designed as lambda half-dipoles. They are not in the sense of The above statements are operated separately. Radials as defined above are not provided here. A transmission on antenna panes which are to be used in window openings of motor vehicle bodies and which are intended for mobile radio and which would have to be adapted to the wavelength of the mobile radio in terms of the dipole length does not lead to success. Antenna disks for motor vehicles, which have mutually electronically connected monopoles of different lengths for different wavelengths, are also known (JP A 62-43 905, US 47 49 998), but without specifying radials. They are not suitable for mobile radio in duo band mode. Radials in antenna disks for motor vehicles are known, however, without taking into account a special relationship between the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves and the diameter of the opening of the motor vehicle (US Pat. No. 4,914,447). An antenna set up for mobile radio in dual-band mode, but which can only be used as an external antenna, is also known (DE 37 32 994).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Antennenscheibe des eingangs beschriebenen Aufbaus sowie der eingangs angegebenen Zweckbestimmung auf einfache Weise so weiter auszugestalten, daß sie sowohl sendeseitig als auch empfangsseitig allen Anforderungen genügt.The invention has for its object to further develop an antenna disk of the structure described at the outset and the intended purpose at the outset in such a way that it meets all requirements both on the transmission side and on the reception side.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist Gegenstand der Erfindung eine für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb eingerichtete Antennenscheibe für die Fensteröffnung einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie, wobei das Verhältnis der Wellenlänge der zu empfangenden oder zu sendenden elektromagnetischen Wellen zum Durchmesser der Fensteröffnung im ausgeprägten Beugungsbereich liegen, wobei die Antennenscheibe für den Duoband-Betrieb mit um etwa einen Faktor 2 unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen (L und K; L = 2 K) eingerichtet sowie mit auf die Wellenlänge abgestimmten Monopolen ausgerüstet ist, wobei in jedem Frequenzbereich lediglich einer der Monopole resonant ist und dazu die folgenden Merkmale verwirklicht sind:

  • a) ein L/4-Monopol sowie ein K/4-Monopol sind parallel geschaltet sowie U-förmig oder V-förmig mit elektrisch leitender Verbindung im Fußpunkt angeordnet,
  • b) dem L/4-Monopol ist ein 1-Radial, dem K/4-Monopol ist ein k-Radial zugeordnet, die in der Nähe des Fußpunktes miteinander verbunden sind und parallel zum metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung verlaufen,
  • c) an den Fußpunkt ist über ein Anschlußstück die Seele eines Koaxialkabels angeschlossen,
  • d) die Abschirmung des Koaxialkabels ist mit den beiden Radials verbunden,
wobei durch den Abstand der beiden Radials vom metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung, ihre Längen 1, k sowie durch ihre Breiten die Strahlungscharakteristik einstellbar und der Mantel des Koaxialkabels ausreichend mantelwellenfrei ist. - Das Merkmal b) besagt, daß die Länge des k-Radials auf die Länge des K/4-Monopols und die Länge des 1-Radials auf die Länge des L/4-Monopols abgestimmt ist, wobei normalerweise bei U-förmig angeordneten Monopolen das 1-Radial zur Seite des L/4-Monopols, das k-Radial zur Seite des K/4-Monopols orientiert sind. Es kann aber auch das 1-Radial auf der Seite des K/4-Monopols angeordnet sein (entsprechend das k-Radial auf der L/4-Seite). Es versteht sich, daß die Abschirmung des Koaxialkabels an ihrem geräteseitigen Ende mit der Gerätemasse bzw. mit der Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie verbunden ist.To achieve this object, the object of the invention is an antenna pane set up for mobile radio in dual-band mode for the window opening of a metallic one Motor vehicle body, the ratio of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves to be received or transmitted to the diameter of the window opening being in the pronounced diffraction range, the antenna disc for duo-band operation having about two different wavelengths (L and K; L = 2 K) is set up and equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelength, with only one of the monopoles being resonant in each frequency range and the following features being implemented:
  • a) an L / 4 monopoly and a K / 4 monopoly are connected in parallel and arranged in a U-shape or V-shape with an electrically conductive connection at the base,
  • b) the L / 4 monopoly is assigned a 1-radial, the K / 4 monopoly is assigned a k-radial, which are connected to each other in the vicinity of the base point and run parallel to the metallic edge of the window opening,
  • c) the core of a coaxial cable is connected to the base via a connector,
  • d) the shielding of the coaxial cable is connected to the two radials,
whereby the radiation characteristic can be set by the distance of the two radials from the metallic edge of the window opening, their lengths 1, k and their widths, and the sheath of the coaxial cable is sufficiently free of sheathed waves. - The feature b) states that the length of the k radial on the length of the K / 4 monopoly and the The length of the 1-radial is matched to the length of the L / 4 monopole, with normally 1-radial to the side of the L / 4-monopole and the k-radial to the side of the K / 4-monopole for monopoles arranged in a U-shape are oriented. However, the 1-radial can also be arranged on the side of the K / 4 monopole (correspondingly the k-radial on the L / 4 side). It is understood that the shield of the coaxial cable is connected at its device end to the device ground or to the motor vehicle body.

Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erwägung, daß eine kreisförmige Öffnung in einer unendlich ausgedehnten, vollkommen leitenden Ebene selbst als eine Antenne arbeitet (sogenanntes verallgemeinertes Babinet'sches Prinzip, vgl. Sommerfeld "Optik", 1964, Seiten 177 - 179). Diese "Lochantenne" zeigt in ihrer Ebene eine ausgeprägte Struktur der elektrischen bzw. der magnetischen Feldstärken, wenn das Verhältnis der Wellenlänge der elektromagnetischen Wellen und der Durchmesser der Öffnung im ausgeprägten Beugungsbereich liegen, wie es für die Wellen des Mobilfunks und für Antennenscheiben üblicher Kraftfahrzeuge der Fall ist (Handbuch der Physik, Band XXV/l, 1961, Seiten 460 - 465). Das alles gilt modifiziert für die Fensteröffnungen einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie, ist aber bisher nicht beachtet worden. Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß die Monopole (L/4-Monopol und K/4-Monopol) in der Lochantenne, die durch die Fensteröffnung in der Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie gegeben ist, der Anpassung an die Struktur der elektromagnetischen Feldstärken bedürfen und daß eine besondere Ankopplung an die "Masse" erforderlich ist, die durch die Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie gegeben ist. Das erreicht die Erfindung im Rahmen der Kombination der genannten Merkmale dadurch, daß der Abstand der beiden Radials vom metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung sowie ihre Längen und Breiten so gewählt werden, daß die Abschirmung des Koaxialkabels ausreichend mantelwellenfrei ist und die Strahlungscharakteristik optimiert ist. Überraschenderweise läßt sich dabei auch die Impedanz dem Koaxialkabel anpassen. Diese Anpassung bzw. Optimierung kann ohne Schwierigkeiten durch Versuche ermittelt werden. Das gilt auch für die Orientierung der Monopole und der Radials in der Fensteröffnung insgesamt. Überraschenderweise beeinträchtigen sich die beiden Monopole einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe nicht. Insoweit läßt sich die Funktion wie folgt erläutern: Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe sind die beiden Monopole parallelgeschaltet. Im langen Band ist der lange Monopol resonant, d. h. niederohmig, der kurze Monopol ist zu kurz und darum kapazitiv hochohmig. Folglich arbeitet der kurze Monopol im langen Band nicht. Im kurzen Band ist der lange Monopol zu lang, d. h. hochohmig. Durch die Parallelschaltung mit dem resonanten kurzen Monopol sowie die besondere Anordnung der beiden längen- und breitenangepaßten Radials ist das Gesamtgebilde adaptiert. Es versteht sich, daß im Rahmen der Erfindung die Monopole in an sich bekannter Weise eine kapazitive Verkürzung erfahren können. Das läßt sich insbesondere in bezug auf den langen Monopol auf einfache Weise, nämlich durch T-förmige Gestaltung erreichen. Es versteht sich fernerhin, daß die Ausdrücke L/4-Monopol und K/4-Monopol im Sinne der Antennentechnik zu verstehen sind und Längentoleranzen in bezug auf die zugeordnete Wellenlänge von ± 20 % umfassen. Die geometrische Länge der Monopole ist gegenüber der Vakuum(Luft-)Viertelwellenlänge wegen des Vorhandenseins der dielektrischen Glasscheiben verkürzt. Der Verkürzungsfaktor ist von der Fensteröffnung und daher von der Geometrie der Antennenscheibe, von der Geometrie der Monopole sowie vor allem von der Dicke der verwendeten Glasscheiben abhängig. Er liegt typischerweise bei 0,6 - 0,8.The invention is based on the consideration that a circular opening in an infinitely extensive, completely conductive plane itself functions as an antenna (so-called generalized Babinet principle, cf. Sommerfeld "Optik", 1964, pages 177-179). This "hole antenna" shows in its plane a distinctive structure of the electrical or magnetic field strengths if the ratio of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves and the diameter of the opening are in the pronounced diffraction range, as is the case for the waves of mobile radio and for antenna disks usual motor vehicles is the case (Handbuch der Physik, Band XXV / l, 1961, pages 460 - 465). All of this applies to the window openings of a metallic motor vehicle body in a modified manner, but has so far not been considered. The invention is based on the knowledge that the monopoles (L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly) in the hole antenna, which is given by the window opening in the motor vehicle body, need to be adapted to the structure of the electromagnetic field strengths and that a special one Coupling to the "mass" is required, which is given by the motor vehicle body. This is achieved by the invention in the combination of the features mentioned in that the distance between the two radials from the metallic edge of the window opening and their lengths and widths are selected so that the shielding of the coaxial cable is sufficiently free of sheathed waves and the radiation characteristic is optimized. Surprisingly, the impedance can also be adapted to the coaxial cable. This adaptation or optimization can be determined by experiments without difficulty. This also applies to the orientation of the monopolies and the radial in the window opening as a whole. Surprisingly, the two monopoles of an antenna disk according to the invention do not interfere. In this respect, the function can be explained as follows: In an antenna disk according to the invention, the two monopoles are connected in parallel. In the long band, the long monopoly is resonant, ie low-resistance, the short monopoly is too short and therefore capacitively high-resistance. As a result, the short monopoly does not work in the long band. In the short band, the long monopoly is too long, ie high-impedance. Through the parallel connection with the resonant short monopoly as well as the special one The arrangement of the two length and width-adapted radials is adapted to the overall structure. It is understood that in the context of the invention, the monopolies can experience a capacitive shortening in a manner known per se. This can be achieved in a simple manner, in particular with regard to the long monopoly, namely by means of a T-shaped design. It also goes without saying that the terms L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly are to be understood in the sense of antenna technology and include length tolerances in relation to the assigned wavelength of ± 20%. The geometric length of the monopoles is reduced compared to the vacuum (air) quarter wavelength due to the presence of the dielectric glass panes. The shortening factor depends on the window opening and therefore on the geometry of the antenna pane, on the geometry of the monopoles and above all on the thickness of the glass panes used. It is typically 0.6-0.8.

Im einzelnen bestehen mehrere Möglichkeiten der weiteren Ausbildung und Gestaltung. Insbesondere besteht die Möglichkeit, zusätzlich einen L/4-Monopol anzuordnen sowie die nunmehr zwei L/4-Monopole V-förmig gespreizt vorzusehen, wobei in der V-Achse der K/4-Monopol angeordnet ist. Umgekehrt kann man aber auch zusätzlich einen K/4-Monopol vorsehen sowie die beiden K/4-Monopole V-förmig spreizen, wobei hier in der V-Achse der L/4-Monopol angeordnet ist. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es, bei der Ausführungsform mit U-förmig angeordneten Monopolen einen zusätzlichen L/4-Monopol parallel zum ersten und symmetrisch in bezug auf den K/4-Monopol anzuordnen, wobei die freien Enden der L/4-Monopole elektronisch leitend verbunden sind.There are several options for further training and design. In particular, it is possible to additionally arrange an L / 4 monopoly and to provide the now two L / 4 monopolies in a V-shape, the K / 4 monopole being arranged in the V-axis. Conversely, one can also provide a K / 4 monopoly and spread the two K / 4 monopoles in a V-shape, with the L / 4 monopoly arranged in the V-axis. It is within the scope of the invention to arrange an additional L / 4 monopole parallel to the first and symmetrically with respect to the K / 4 monopole in the embodiment with U-shaped monopoles, the free ends of the L / 4 monopoles being electronic are conductively connected.

Die Optimierung ist besonders einfach zu erreichen und besonders ausgeprägt, wenn das 1-Radial sowie das k-Radial die Länge des jeweils zugeordneten Monopols aufweisen. Man kann aber auch das 1-Radial sowie das k-Radial mit einer Länge versehen, die dem (2n-1)-fachen der Länge des jeweils zugeordneten Monopols entspricht, n ganzzahlig größer oder gleich eins.The optimization is particularly easy to achieve and is particularly pronounced if the 1-radial and the k-radial have the length of the respectively assigned monopole. However, the 1-radial and the k-radial can also be provided with a length which corresponds to (2n-1) times the length of the respectively assigned monopoly, n is an integer greater than or equal to one.

Sehr vorteilhaft ist es im Sinne einer Optimierung bei der Ausführungsform mit U-förmig angeordneten Monopolen und Abwandlungen davon, wenn der Zwischenraum zwischen den Monopolen eine Breite von etwa K/20 oder kleiner als K/20 aufweist. Die Radials besitzen zweckmäßigerweise eine Breite von zumindest K/200. Auch die Breite von K/100 hat sich bewährt. Die Radials können verdoppelt werden.In the sense of optimization in the embodiment with U-shaped monopoles and modifications thereof, it is very advantageous if the space between the monopoles has a width of approximately K / 20 or less than K / 20. The radials expediently have a width of at least K / 200. The width of K / 100 has also proven itself. The radials can be doubled.

Zu einem besonders großen Nutzen der Antennenelemente kommt man unter Berücksichtigung der üblichen Polarisierung der elektromagnetischen Wellen des Mobilfunks, wenn die Monopole im wesentlichen vertikal angeordnet sind.The antenna elements are particularly useful if the usual polarization of the electromagnetic waves of mobile radio is taken into account if the monopoles are arranged essentially vertically.

Andererseits sind die Radials für zweckmäßigerweise im wesentlichen horizontal angeordnet. In der Ausführungsform als Windschutzscheibe empfiehlt es sich, die Radials am oberen Rand der Scheibe anzuordnen, und zwar so, daß die Monopole nach unten weisen. In der Ausführungsform als Seitenscheibe empfiehlt es sich, die Radials am oberen und/oder unteren Rand anzuordnen, so daß die Monopole jeweils zum gegenüberliegenden Rand weisen. In der Ausführungsform als Dreieckscheibe sind die Radials zweckmäßigerweise am unteren Rand angeordnet, so daß die Monopole nach oben weisen.On the other hand, the radials are advantageously arranged essentially horizontally. In the embodiment as a windshield, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper edge of the windshield, in such a way that the monopoles point downward. In the embodiment as a side window, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper and / or lower edge so that the monopoles each point to the opposite edge. In the embodiment as a triangular disk, the radials are expediently arranged on the lower edge, so that the monopolies point upwards.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung ausführlicher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung

Fig. 1
die Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe mit angedeuteter Kraftfahrzeugöffnung,
Fig. 2
mit den Teilfiguren a) bis f) besondere Ausgestaltungen für die Anordnung der Monopole und der Radials in einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe und
Fig. 3
mit den Teilfiguren a) bis d) verschiedene Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Antennenscheiben.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. They show a schematic representation
Fig. 1
the view of an antenna pane according to the invention with indicated motor vehicle opening,
Fig. 2
with the sub-figures a) to f) special configurations for the arrangement of the monopoles and the radial in an antenna disk according to the invention and
Fig. 3
with the sub-figures a) to d) different embodiments of antenna disks according to the invention.

Die in den Figuren dargestellten Antennenscheiben sind in die Fensteröffnung einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie einzusetzen. Insoweit besteht eine zwingende Zuordnung zwischen der Geometrie der Fensteröffnung und der Umfangsgeometrie der Antennenscheibe, die als ebene Scheibe oder gekrümmt ausgeführt sein kann. Die Antennenscheiben sind für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb mit um einen Faktor 2 unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen L und K eingerichtet, wobei L = 2K ist. Die Antennenscheiben sind mit auf die Wellenlängen abgestimmten Monopolen ausgerüstet.The antenna panes shown in the figures are to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body. In this respect, there is an imperative association between the geometry of the window opening and the peripheral geometry of the antenna pane, which can be designed as a flat pane or curved. The antenna disks are set up for mobile radio in duo-band operation with wavelengths L and K different by a factor of 2, where L = 2K. The antenna discs are equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelengths.

Aus einer vergleichenden Betrachtung der Figuren 1 bis 3 entnimmt man, daß stets ein L/4-Monopol 1 sowie ein K/4-Monopol 2 elektrisch parallel geschaltet sowie U-förmig oder V-förmig mit elektrisch leitender Verbindung im Fußpunkt 3 angeordnet sind. Dem L/4-Monopol 1 ist ein l-Radial 4, dem K/4-Monopol 2 ist ein k-Radial 5 zugeordnet, die parallel zum metallischen Rand 6 der Fensteröffnung verlaufen. Das 1-Radial 4 ist zur Seite des L/4-Monopols 1 orientiert, das k-Radial 5 zur Seite des K/4-Monopols 2 hin. Es kann aber auch die umgekehrte Anordnung gewählt werden. An den Fußpunkt 3 ist über ein Anschlußstück 7 die Seele 8 eines Koaxialkabels 9 angeschlossen. Die Abschirmung 10 des Koaxialkabels 9 ist mit den beiden Radials 4, 5 verbunden. Das Anschlußstück 7 kann eine Lötverbindung, ein Steckelement oder dergleichen sein, wobei vorzugsweise der Wellenwiderstand des Anschlußstücks 7 demjenigen des Koaxialkabels 9 entspricht.From a comparative view of Figures 1 to 3 it can be seen that an L / 4 monopoly 1 and a K / 4 monopoly 2 are always electrically connected in parallel and U-shaped or V-shaped with an electrically conductive connection at the base 3. The L / 4 monopoly 1 is an l-radial 4, the K / 4 monopoly 2 is assigned a k-radial 5, which run parallel to the metallic edge 6 of the window opening. The 1-radial 4 is oriented to the side of the L / 4 monopole 1, the k-radial 5 to the side of the K / 4 monopole 2. However, the reverse arrangement can also be chosen. At the base 3, the core 8 of a coaxial cable 9 is connected via a connector 7. The shield 10 of the coaxial cable 9 is connected to the two radials 4, 5. The connecting piece 7 can be a soldered connection, a plug element or the like, the wave resistance of the connecting piece 7 preferably corresponding to that of the coaxial cable 9.

Durch Doppelpfeile wurde angedeutet, daß der Abstand der beiden Radials 4, 5 vom metallischen Rand 6 der Fensteröffnung sowie ihre Längen und Breiten so gewählt sind, daß der Mantel 10 des Koaxialkabels 9 ausreichend mantelwellenfrei ist und die Strahlungscharakteristik optimiert ist.It was indicated by double arrows that the distance between the two radials 4, 5 from the metallic edge 6 of the window opening and their lengths and widths are selected so that the jacket 10 of the coaxial cable 9 is sufficiently free of jacket waves and the radiation characteristic is optimized.

Die Figur 2 verdeutlicht Abwandlungen des in der Figur 1 dargestellten Grundprinzips einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe. Man entnimmt aus der Figur 2d), daß zusätzlich ein L/4-Monopol 1 angeordnet ist und daß die beiden L/4-Monopole 1 V-förmig gespreizt sind. In der V-Achse befindet sich bei dieser Ausführungsform der K/4-Monopol 2. Eine andere Ausführungsform erkennt man in den Figuren 2e) und 2f). Diese verdeutlicht, daß ein zusätzlicher K/4-Monopol 2 angeordnet ist und daß die beiden K/4-Monopole 2 V-förmig gespreizt sind, wobei hier in der V-Achse der L/4-Monopol 1 angeordnet ist. Die Figur 2c) zeigt, daß ein zusätzlicher L/4-Monopol 1 parallel zum ersten und symmetrisch auf den K/4-Monopol 2 angeordnet ist, wobei die Enden der L/4-Monopole 1 verbunden sind. In den Figuren 2b) und 2f) erkennt man fernerhin, daß der L/4-Monopol 1 kapazitiv durch eine T-förmige Gestaltung verkürzt ist. In der Figur 1 erkennt man, daß das l-Radial 4 sowie das k-Radial 5 die Länge des jeweils zugeordneten Monopols 1 bzw. 2 aufweisen. Auf die zulässigen Längentoleranzen und übliche Verkürzungsfaktoren wurde bereits verwiesen. Die Figur 2 macht deutlich, daß die Radials 4, 5 auch verdoppelt werden können. Bezüglich der Zwischenräume zwischen den Monopolen 1, 2 und der Breite der Radials 4, 5 wird auf die Patentansprüche 7 bis 9 verwiesen.FIG. 2 illustrates modifications of the basic principle of an antenna disk according to the invention shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen from FIG. 2d) that an L / 4 monopole 1 is additionally arranged and that the two L / 4 monopoles 1 are spread out in a V-shape. In this embodiment, the K / 4 monopoly 2 is located in the V-axis. Another embodiment can be seen in FIGS. 2e) and 2f). This illustrates that an additional K / 4 monopole 2 is arranged and that the two K / 4 monopoles 2 are spread out in a V-shape, the L / 4 monopole 1 being arranged in the V-axis here. Figure 2c) shows that an additional L / 4 monopoly 1 parallel to the first and symmetrical on the K / 4 monopole 2 is arranged, the ends of the L / 4 monopoles 1 being connected. In Figures 2b) and 2f) you can also see that the L / 4 monopoly 1 is capacitively shortened by a T-shaped design. In FIG. 1 it can be seen that the l-radial 4 and the k-radial 5 have the length of the respectively assigned monopole 1 or 2. Reference has already been made to the permissible length tolerances and usual shortening factors. FIG. 2 makes it clear that the radials 4, 5 can also be doubled. With regard to the spaces between the monopoles 1, 2 and the width of the radials 4, 5, reference is made to claims 7 to 9.

Die Orientierung der Monopole 1, 2 und Radials 4, 5 in einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe verdeutlicht die Figur 3. In der Figur 3 erkennt man eine Ausführungsform als Windschutzscheibe oder Heckscheibe 11. Die Radials 4, 5 sind am oberen Rand der Scheibe 11 angeordnet, die Monopole 1, 2 weisen nach unten. Bei der Ausführungsform als Seitenscheibe 12, die in den Figuren 3b) und 3c) verdeutlicht ist, sind die Radials 4, 5 am oberen bzw. am unteren Rand angeordnet, während die Monopole 1, 2 zum gegenüberliegenden Rand weisen. Die Figur 3d) zeigt die Ausführungsform als Seitenscheibe 13 mit Radials 4, 5 am unteren Rand, während die Monopole 1, 2 nach oben weisen. Bei Anordnung der Monopole 1, 2 in einer Scheibenecke können die Radials 4, 5 auch einen Winkel unter 180° einschließen, indem sie parallel zu den in der Ecke zusammenlaufenden Scheibenrändern verlaufen.The orientation of the monopoles 1, 2 and radials 4, 5 in an antenna pane according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3. In FIG. 3 one can see an embodiment as a windshield or rear window 11. The radials 4, 5 are arranged on the upper edge of the pane 11, which Monopolies 1, 2 point downwards. In the embodiment as a side window 12, which is illustrated in FIGS. 3b) and 3c), the radials 4, 5 are arranged at the upper and at the lower edge, while the monopolies 1, 2 point to the opposite edge. Figure 3d) shows the embodiment as a side window 13 with radials 4, 5 at the bottom, while the monopoles 1, 2 point upwards. When the monopoles 1, 2 are arranged in a pane corner, the radials 4, 5 can also enclose an angle of less than 180 ° by running parallel to the pane edges converging in the corner.

Claims (14)

  1. An antenna glass designed for mobile radiotelephony in dual band operation, for the window aperture of a metal motor vehicle body, wherein the ratio of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves to be received or transmitted to the diameter of the window aperture is in the characteristic diffraction range, wherein the antenna glass is designed for dual band operation with wavelengths L and K which differ by a factor of about 2, where L = 2K, and is equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelength, wherein only one of the monopoles is resonant in each frequency range and for this purpose the following features are put into effect:
    a) an L/4 monopole (1) and a K/4 monopole (2) are connected in parallel and are disposed in the shape of a U or in the shape of a V with an electrically conducting connection in the base (3),
    b) a radial (4) of length 1 is associated with the L/4 monopole (1), and a radial (5) of length k is associated with the K/4 monopole (2), and these are joined to each other in the vicinity of the base (3) and extend parallel to the metal edge (6) of the window aperture,
    c) the core (8) of a coaxial cable (9) is attached to the base (3) via a connecting piece (7),
    d) the screening (10) of the coaxial cable (9) is attached to the two radials (4, 5),
    wherein due to the distance of the two radials (4, 5) from the metal edge (6) of the window aperture, to their lengths 1, k and due to their widths, the radiation characteristic is adjustable and the sheath of the coaxial cable (9) is satisfactorily free from sheath waves.
  2. An antenna glass according to claim 1, wherein an additional L/4 monopole (1) is provided and the L/4 monopoles (1) are spread in the shape of a V, and wherein the K/4 monopole (2) is disposed on the axis of the V.
  3. An antenna glass according to claim 1, wherein an additional K/4 monopole is provided and the K/4 monopoles (2) are spread in the shape of a V, and wherein the L/4 monopole (1) is disposed on the axis of the V.
  4. An antenna glass according to claim 1 in the form of construction with monopoles (1) disposed in the shape of a U, wherein an additional L/4 monopole (1) is disposed parallel to the first and symmetrically with respect to the K/4 monopole (2), and wherein the ends of the L/4 monopoles (1) are electrically conductively connected.
  5. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the 1 radial (4) and the k radial (5) have the single length of the associated monopoles (1, 2) in each case.
  6. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the 1 radial (4) and the k radial (5) have a length which corresponds to (2n-1) times the length of the associated monopoles (1, 2) in each case, where n is an integer greater than or equal to one.
  7. An antenna glass according to claim 1 in the form of construction with monopoles (1, 2) disposed in the shape of a U, wherein the intermediate space between the monopoles (1, 2) has a width of about K/20 or less than K/20.
  8. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the radials (4, 5) have a width of at least K/100.
  9. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the number of radials (4, 5) is doubled.
  10. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the monopoles (1, 2) are disposed substantially vertically.
  11. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the radials (4, 5) are disposed substantially horizontally.
  12. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11, in the form of construction as a windscreen glass or rear window glass, wherein the radials (4, 5) are disposed at the top edge of the glass and the monopoles (1, 2) point downwards.
  13. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11 in the form of construction as a side window glass, wherein the radials (4, 5) are disposed at the top and/or bottom edge and the monopoles (1, 2) point towards the opposite edge.
  14. An antenna glass according to any one of claims 1 to 11 in the form of construction as a corner glass, wherein the radials (4, 5) are disposed at the bottom edge and the monopoles (1, 2) point upwards.
EP93102034A 1992-02-26 1993-02-10 Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body Expired - Lifetime EP0557794B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4205851 1992-02-26
DE4205851A DE4205851C2 (en) 1992-02-26 1992-02-26 Antenna pane to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0557794A1 EP0557794A1 (en) 1993-09-01
EP0557794B1 true EP0557794B1 (en) 1997-06-11

Family

ID=6452600

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93102034A Expired - Lifetime EP0557794B1 (en) 1992-02-26 1993-02-10 Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5406295A (en)
EP (1) EP0557794B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06209205A (en)
KR (1) KR100300934B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE154472T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4205851C2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7106262B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2006-09-12 Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Double on-glass slot antenna

Families Citing this family (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5644321A (en) * 1993-01-12 1997-07-01 Benham; Glynda O. Multi-element antenna with tapered resistive loading in each element
US5600339A (en) * 1994-12-06 1997-02-04 Oros; Edward A. Antenna
WO1996024963A1 (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-15 Megawave Corporation Window glass antenna
JPH10513328A (en) * 1995-02-06 1998-12-15 メガウエイブ コーポレーション TV antenna
US5709832A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-01-20 Ericsson Inc. Method of manufacturing a printed antenna
CN1191635A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-08-26 艾利森公司 Multiple band printed monopole antenna
JPH11506280A (en) * 1995-06-02 1999-06-02 エリクソン インコーポレイテッド Printed monopole antenna
USD388098S (en) * 1996-02-05 1997-12-23 Harada Industry Co., Ltd. Antenna for an automobile
USD388099S (en) * 1996-02-05 1997-12-23 Harada Industry Co., Ltd. Antenna for an automobile
USD388097S (en) * 1996-02-05 1997-12-23 Harada Industry Co., Ltd. Antenna for an automobile
USD388096S (en) * 1996-02-05 1997-12-23 Harada Industry Co., Ltd. Antenna for an automobile
US5909195A (en) * 1997-02-21 1999-06-01 Marconi Aerospace Systems Inc. Antennas employing U-dipole elements
US5917457A (en) * 1997-02-21 1999-06-29 Marconi Aerospace Systems Inc. Advanced Systems Division U-dipole radiating elements and antennas
JPH10261911A (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-09-29 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Window glass antenna
TW413968B (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-12-01 Ind Tech Res Inst Wideband microstrip antenna
US6292150B1 (en) * 1999-08-23 2001-09-18 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Glass antenna device
US6496152B2 (en) * 2000-03-10 2002-12-17 Jack Nilsson Dual polarized antenna
US7348933B2 (en) * 2000-03-10 2008-03-25 Wifi Plus, Inc. Compact multi-polarized antenna for portable devices
US6441791B1 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-08-27 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Glass antenna system for mobile communication
JP3654340B2 (en) * 2000-09-08 2005-06-02 日本アンテナ株式会社 Dual frequency antenna
TW538559B (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-06-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Antenna device and mobile communications apparatus including the device
DE20202334U1 (en) 2002-02-14 2002-06-06 FUBA Automotive GmbH & Co. KG, 31162 Bad Salzdetfurth Automobile antennas
DE10207703B4 (en) 2002-02-22 2005-06-09 Kathrein-Werke Kg Antenna for a receiving and / or transmitting device, in particular as a roof antenna for motor vehicles
JP3620044B2 (en) * 2002-10-23 2005-02-16 ソニー株式会社 Unbalanced antenna
KR20040038004A (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-08 기아자동차주식회사 multi functional glass antenna for automobiles
JP3839393B2 (en) * 2002-11-13 2006-11-01 電気興業株式会社 Dual frequency antenna device
US7138956B2 (en) * 2002-11-14 2006-11-21 Wifi-Plus, Inc. Apparatus and method for a multi-polarized ground plane beam antenna
US7030831B2 (en) * 2002-11-14 2006-04-18 Wifi-Plus, Inc. Multi-polarized feeds for dish antennas
US7236129B2 (en) * 2002-11-14 2007-06-26 Wifi-Plus, Inc. Apparatus and method for a multi-polarized antenna
US6903693B1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2005-06-07 Plantronics, Inc. Bifurcated inverted F antenna
US20040108955A1 (en) * 2002-12-10 2004-06-10 Peter Sjoblom Multiband antenna
JP2004200772A (en) * 2002-12-16 2004-07-15 Alps Electric Co Ltd Antenna device
DE20219770U1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-01-15 Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Car windscreen antenna has broadcast antenna wire and multiple wire combined earth radial and heater with capacitive coupling and stub tuning option
DE10311040A1 (en) * 2003-03-13 2004-10-07 Kathrein-Werke Kg antenna array
EP1593181A2 (en) * 2003-04-10 2005-11-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Antenna element and antenna module, and electronic equipment using same
JP2004363675A (en) * 2003-04-10 2004-12-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Antenna element and antenna module
GB0321625D0 (en) * 2003-09-15 2003-10-15 Harada Ind Europ Ltd Integrated antenna with coupled ground
JP2005229161A (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-25 Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd Antenna and radio communication equipment therewith
US7385561B2 (en) * 2005-02-17 2008-06-10 Galtronics Ltd. Multiple monopole antenna
JP4308786B2 (en) * 2005-02-24 2009-08-05 パナソニック株式会社 Portable radio
FR2886468A1 (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-01 Thomson Licensing Sa MONOPOLY ANTENNA
US20070024510A1 (en) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Lear Corporation System and method for use in wireless communication employing multiple antennas
US20070026897A1 (en) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Lear Corporation System and method for use in wireless communication employing antenna network
US20070026898A1 (en) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Lear Corporation System and method for use in wireless communication employing multiple antennas
TWM373007U (en) * 2009-05-25 2010-01-21 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd Wide-band dipole antenna
SG171489A1 (en) * 2009-11-25 2011-06-29 Sony Corp An antenna and a method of manufacturing
DE102012010694A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2012-11-08 Daimler Ag Antenna arrangement for vehicle, has electrically-conducting area forming counter weight for antenna and/or electrical mass for antenna amplifier, where area and antenna are arranged on or in vehicle pane
WO2015165007A1 (en) * 2014-04-28 2015-11-05 华为终端有限公司 Antenna apparatus and terminal
US10243251B2 (en) * 2015-07-31 2019-03-26 Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. Multi-band antenna for a window assembly
GB2605419B (en) * 2021-03-31 2023-12-06 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Vehicle antenna radiator arrangement integrated with vehicle glazing

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL45215C (en) * 1934-04-28
US3971030A (en) * 1972-01-14 1976-07-20 Saint-Gobain Industries Antenna window
US4138681A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-02-06 Motorola, Inc. Portable radio antenna
JPH032975Y2 (en) * 1985-05-30 1991-01-25
JPS6243905A (en) * 1985-08-22 1987-02-25 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna for automobile
US4914447A (en) * 1986-11-21 1990-04-03 Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. Antenna for mobile telephone on a glass panel of an automobile
DE3732994A1 (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-04-13 Victor Menzlewski Multiple antenna combination for the 23cm/70cm/2m and 6m VHF/UHF bands, having a central supply point (feed point)
DE3732944A1 (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-04-13 Thomson Brandt Gmbh OPTICAL SCANNER
DE3824417A1 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-01-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert VEHICLE DISC ANTENNA
JPH031703A (en) * 1989-05-30 1991-01-08 Central Glass Co Ltd On-vehicle roof glass antenna
US5220336A (en) * 1990-02-28 1993-06-15 Central Glass Company, Limited Vehicle window glass antenna for transmission and reception of ultrashort waves
US5264858A (en) * 1990-07-31 1993-11-23 Asahi Glass Company Ltd. Glass antenna for a telephone of an automobile
JP3171610B2 (en) * 1990-07-31 2001-05-28 旭硝子株式会社 Glass antenna for car phone
FI89754C (en) * 1990-08-01 1993-11-10 Window Antenna Oy Antenna
JPH04132401A (en) * 1990-09-25 1992-05-06 Central Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna for vehicle
GB9103737D0 (en) * 1991-02-22 1991-04-10 Pilkington Plc Antenna for vehicle window
JPH06243905A (en) * 1993-02-15 1994-09-02 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Structure for terminal block

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7106262B2 (en) 2001-09-20 2006-09-12 Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Double on-glass slot antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100300934B1 (en) 2001-10-22
EP0557794A1 (en) 1993-09-01
JPH06209205A (en) 1994-07-26
US5406295A (en) 1995-04-11
KR930017739A (en) 1993-09-20
DE4205851C2 (en) 1995-10-12
DE4205851A1 (en) 1993-09-16
DE59306705D1 (en) 1997-07-17
ATE154472T1 (en) 1997-06-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0557794B1 (en) Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body
DE19532431C2 (en) Antenna pane in at least one window opening of a metallic body of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car
DE10030467B4 (en) Radio frequency antenna system for motor vehicles
EP0594809B1 (en) Radio antenna arrangement located next to vehicle window panes
DE69112174T2 (en) Vehicle window antenna.
DE10030489B4 (en) Capacitive grounding system for VHF and UHF antennas
DE4318869C2 (en) Radio antenna arrangement on the window pane of a motor vehicle and method for determining its wiring
DE19922699C2 (en) Antenna with at least one vertical radiator
DE3631930A1 (en) DISC ANTENNA FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
DE112008001688T5 (en) Antenna system for the remote control of an application in the automotive sector
DE69824466T2 (en) Window glass antenna system
DE602004003171T2 (en) Slice antenna system for vehicles
EP0679318B1 (en) Uhf-waveband radio-antenna assembly for vehicles
DE4237818C2 (en) Window antenna for motor vehicles
DE19983744B4 (en) antenna device
DE3854298T2 (en) VEHICLE ANTENNA.
DE4443596B4 (en) Radio antenna on the window pane of a motor vehicle
DE102010019904A1 (en) Arrangement for wireless connection of wireless device i.e. mobile phone, to high-frequency line, has electrically conductive layer deposited on surface for receiving radio waves from coupling antenna, and strip line applied on surface
EP1454381A1 (en) Wide band slot cavity antenna
DE4324480C2 (en) Antenna arrangement
DE69513195T2 (en) AERIAL ARRANGEMENT FOR A VEHICLE WINDOW WINDOW
DE10331213B4 (en) Glass antenna for the LMK and diversified FM reception of mobile vehicles
EP0004001A1 (en) Car window antenna for mounting a vehicle body
DE7623497U1 (en) Antenna assigned to a pane for several wave ranges
DE3630519A1 (en) Window pane antenna parallel to the window frame

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19931007

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19950731

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 154472

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19970615

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59306705

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19970717

ET Fr: translation filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19970717

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19980126

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19980226

Year of fee payment: 6

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990210

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990210

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19990210

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20090106

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20090227

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20090217

Year of fee payment: 17

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20101029

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100210