Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
  • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
  • C23G5/06—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using emulsions
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
  • E21B41/005—Waste disposal systems
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
  • C11D1/10—Amino carboxylic acids; Imino carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/34—Derivatives of acids of phosphorus
  • C11D1/345—Phosphates or phosphites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/42—Amino alcohols or amino ethers
  • C11D1/44—Ethers of polyoxyalkylenes with amino alcohols; Condensation products of epoxyalkanes with amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds

Definitions

• microemulsions especially so called microemulsions, which in themselves combine the activity of a solvent of the cold degreasing agent type and a tenside mixture and make it possible to reduce the solvent quantity to a fraction of what is needed, when using a conventional cold degreasing agent.
• a water free or nearly water free mixture of nonionic tensides and charge giving tensides with hydrotrope properties especially fatty amine ethoxylates and/or ampholyte or zwitterionic tensides or phosphoric acid partial ester tensides may be formulated in such a way that it becomes easily pour- and pumpable and at mixing with electrolyte and water spontanously forms a clear solution with a minimum of agitation that may be achieved by the added water either directly or via a simple propeller, which is driven by the water pressure.
• a considerable advantage with tenside mixtures instead of emulsions containing solvents is that tenside mixtures allow higher electrolyte content, which inter alia makes the emulsions formed with oils in the dirt easier to break.
• the higher electrolyte content may consist of complexing agents. Especially during winter, when calcium chloride containing road salt is part of the dirt, this will mean a considerably improved cleaning result even if one for economical and environmental reasons is using recirculating water. With earlier cleaning compositions one is frequently forced to abstain from recirculation during the time of the year, when road salt is used.
• the mixture formed is particularly stabile at both low and high pH and may be completed with a many basic, acid or neutral electrolytes, especially of the complexing agent type, which makes the cleaning efficiency still better.
• the tenside/electrolyte mixture may be adapted for use as degreasing agent, car shampooing agent and general cleaning agent merely by adjusting the proportions of electrolyte/tenside and/or dilution.
• a typical example of earlier technic is Swedish patent no 196938. According to this one uses a water solution containing condensed phosphate and a tenside mixture and eventually a solvent.
• the tensides are specified to a mixture of 5 g/l alkyl phenyl polyglykolether and 3,5 g/l of alkylaryl sulphonate and other known anionic active surfactants and the condensed phosphates to 30 g/l tetrasodium pyrophosphate.
• the mixture is also included 2,5 g/l hydrocarbon solvents with boiling point 250 to 320 o C. Salting out effects depending upon the lack of hydrotrope properties in the used anionic tenside makes it impossible to formulate this mixture as a not separating dilutable concentrate. This is true as well with as without solvents.
• Swedish laid open patent application no 368 933 concerns a process for vehicle cleaning at which one applies at the vehicle an acid solution containing tenside and fluoride ions.
• a cationic tenside is added to the composition.
• the acid solution is removed by an alcaline rinse solution that may contain complexing agents.
• European patent no 84 411 concerns a process for removal of oil from particles that have been released at oil drilling before depositing the particles.
• the composition is made up of (A) at least one alkoxylated alcohol, carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol or nonionic phosphate ester and (B) an ethylol amide.
• the composition is used without electrolyte addition. No charge giving tenside is added. Tests show that compositions according to this publication can't be mixed with electrolyte to a stabile not separating concentrate.
• European patent no 132 765 concerns a composition containing corrosion inhibitors for cleaning of metals in rolling mills and similar plants.
• tensides that may be nonionic and/or anionic.
• nonionic tensides are mentioned polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ethers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and glycerine fatty acid mono- and diesters.
• compositions contain a carboxylic acid or salt with the formula R-X-(CH2) m -COOM, where X stands for N-H, N(CH2)n-COOM eller CH-COOM.
• the compositions according to the examples are neutral or acid. No hints are given to charge giving tensides with hydrotrope properties.
• the French patent publication no 78 08611 concerns a process for cleaning of metals by spraying with weakly alcaline solutions containing soluble salts especially salts of alkanol amine and carboxylic acids that may be aromatic or alifatic with 6 to 12 carbon atoms, one or more nonionic tensides and one or more quaternary ammonium compuonds.
• the concentrate for use according to the invention is said to have active contents of 20 to 80 %.
• preferred cationic tensides are mentioned alkyl dimethyl bensyl ammonium salts and alkyl trimethyl ammonium salts. These are lacking the hydrotrope properties that are essential to the present invention.
• the Japanese patent application 58-126992 (Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 7, (C-191)) concerns a composition for cleaning of plates in rolling mills.
• the composition contains 10 to 30 parts complexing agent, 10 to 30 parts tenside, 0.5 to 10 parts organic sulphor compounds, 0.5 to 10 parts alumina gel without anorganic anions and 0.1 to 5 parts foam inhibitors.
• the components are mixed to a concentrate with 20 to 80 parts water.
• the present invention concerns a process for cleaning and de-greasing comprising treatment with an alcaline tenside and electrolyte containing water solution which is characterized in that the solution is prepared at the site of use by the mixing of an easy-flowing water free or nearly water free (below 20 weight %) premix, containing one or more nonionic tensides and one or more tensides with charge giving function of which at least part (25 to 100 weight %) has hydrotrope properties and comprises cationic fatty amine ethoxylates, ampholyte or zwitterionic tensides or anionic partial esters of phosphoric acid and eventually electrolyte in solution or in the shape of solid state, dispersed, finely divided particles, with water and, if the premix does not contain complexing agent, solid state complexing agent or complexing agent solution at the site of use, at which the dispersing will occur spontanously that is without agitation or with the minimum of agitation only that is needed for the elimination of layering caused by the different
• the invention concerns a cleaning process that comprises application of a tenside/electrolyte mixture, produced according to th invention, followed by a wash with water eventually containing cleaning agent. Those steps may be followed by rinsing, application of polish and run off agents et cetera in known ways.
• compositions intended as premix for the preparation of a stabile alcaline water and electrolyte containing mixture by a simple mixing equipment at the site of use characterized in that the composition is easy-flowing and water free or nearly water free and contains one or more nonionic tensides and one or more tensides with charge giving function of which at least part (25 to 100 weight %) has hydrotrope properties and comprises cationic fatty amine ethoxylates, ampholyte or zwitterionic tensides or anionic partial ester of phosphoric acid and eventually one or more electrolytes in solution or in the shape of solid state, finely divided particles, at which the final solution contains complexing agent and the premix has been given such properties that the dispersing will occur spontanously that is without agitation or with the minimum of agitation that may be needed to avoid layering caused by the different densities of the liquids.
• the invention concerns the resulting mixture that contains electrolytes too, preferably in the shape of alcaline alkali metal salts and/or salts of ammonium or substituted ammonium or acids and/or acid metal salts and a complexing agents for multivalent metal ions, that improve the cleaning power.
• composition is water free or nearly water free shall be understood in the way that water is not an essential component of the premix.
• Part of the raw materials may be available merely in water solution or dispersion or need small quantities of water for their solution.
• solutions or dispersions may without problems be used in the premix, at which they are the cause of the small quantities of water (below 20, preferably below 10 weight % and especially preferred below 5 weight %) in the premix that are mentioned above.
• the production of the mixture at the site of use may be made by all known processes for the mixing of two or more liquids. Even the agitation that is caused by the addition of water to the beforehand added premix is frequently sufficient. Another alternative is agitation with pressurized air but this is not preferred, as the tensides in the mixture may have a certain tendency to foam formation. This may lead to the scattering of liquid particles in the environment. If mechanical agitation is deemed appropiate simple propeller agitators are preferred.
• a preferred mixer for the making of a mixture according to the invention is constituted of a tank, which in its simplest version may be a slightly modified sheet-metal or plastic barrel, equipped with an at the tank top mounted agitator.
• the agitator which may have two or more blades, has a bearing in the shape of a tube connected to a pressure water pipe.
• the shaft of the agitator is hollow and the cavity is branched along the blades to at least two diametrally opposite blade points and opens out there in against the radius perpendicular directions in such a way that the reaction force caused by the escaping water makes the agitator rotate.
• Such an agitator is the subject of Swedish patent application no 9002609-7.
• agitators may be used a specially designed supply arrangement for the water with distribution in different jets, which give water movement in the entire tank to avoid local stagnant areas where layering may be retained.
• a preferred mixer of this kind is described in Svedish patent application no 9102554-4.
• the demand for dosing accuracy at the final mixing is not large. It may for instance be sufficient with a simple level measurement, which may be made manually.
• Another preferred alternative is to use the packing volume as an estimate of premix and eventual liquid electrolyte volume and dilute with water to a fixed level afterwards.
• the application of the final mixture at the surfaces that are to be cleaned may be done by all known methods.
• vehicles for instance, manual guns, spray ramps, application as additiv to the water that sprinkles through the brushes and injection into the pipes that supply high pressure water may be proper alternatives.
• application for other purposes as fire sanifying, degreasing etc. application by sprinkling or dipping may be appropiate. It is of course advantageous if the mixture after the application may have a suitable short time period to work before the next step of the cleaning process follows.
• the essential components of the premix are nonionic tenside, charge giving tenside with hydrotrope properties and a complexing agent.
• the choice of nonionic type tenside is not critical. All known nonionic tenside types may be used. The choice is first-hand dictated by economical and environmental considerations. Where the disposition of waste water so allows, that is if there are no restrictions with the regard of tenside choice or if tenside and solvents can be removed from the waste water before treatment in waste water plants, alkoxylated alkyl phenols, especially those that are ethoxylated or propoxylated and ethoxylated are preferred. Such nonionic tensides give the best performance in proportion to their price.
• nonionic tensides are alkoxylated higher alcohols, alkoxylated higher fatty acids and alkyl glycosides, which are environmentally better accepted and may be used in compositions that are equally effective as the alkyl phenol based ones but less favorable economically. Both primary and propely alcohols may be used as well as so called oxo-alcohols.
• nitrogen-containing nonionic tensides such as alkoxylated alkyl amides, alkoxylated alkyl amines and tertiary alkyl amine oxides may be used but are as a rule so expensive that they cannot be a dominating part of the composition. Small additions to modify the tenside properties may be of interest.
• Suitable nonionic tensides are relatively hydrophobe. With regard to the ethoxylates mentioned above they belong to the categories that normally are called low ethoxylated to middle ethoxylated ones. With regard to the alkyl phenols the proper range is 1 to 10 moles, preferably 2 to 9 moles ethylene oxide if the alkyl part consists of 6 to 10 carbon atoms. With regard to alkanols the proper alkyl chain length is 8 to 18 carbon atoms and the number of ethylene oxide units 1 to 9, preferably 2 to 7. Alkoxylated nonionic tensides containing propylene and/or butylene oxide may be used if the ethylene oxide part is molarly in surplus. Other usable tensides are the so called end group capped alkoxylated nonionic tensides, that is tensides, where the end OH-group has been esterified or etherified with conservation of the nonionic character.
• a nonionic tenside with a unitary degree of ethoxylation may be used but mixtures give advantages with regard to cold temperature stability and reduced gelling tendencies.
• An especially preferred mixture is nonyl phenol ethoxylate with 9 moles ethylene oxide together with nonyl phenol ethoxylate with 4 moles ethylene oxide.
• Another preferred environmentally better mixture is fatty alcohol ethoxylate with alkyl chain length 11 carbon atoms and 5 moles ethylene oxide together with fatty alcohol ethoxylate of the same fatty alcohol and 7 moles ethylene oxide in the proportions 1:1 to 2:1. The performance of this latter mixture may be improved even further by adding a fatty alcohol ethoxylate with alkyl chain length 11 carbon atoms and 3 moles of ethylene oxide in quantities up to 45 % of the total quantity of nonionic tensides.
• Nonionic tensides with lower degrees of ethoxylation are useable but not preferred as the content of unethoxylated material increases and may cause working environment problems inter alia with regard to smell. This is especially obvious with regard to ethoxylated fatty alcohols. To the extent that so called narrow range alkoxylates becomes available to commercially acceptable prices the proper area of ethoxylation degree will probably be displaced downwards.
• compositions there are one or more tensides with capacity to give the tenside micelles a positive or negative charge included too.
• These other tensides are either cationic or anionic in character.
• One or more of these charge giving tensides must have hydrotrope properties i.e. improve the solubility of the added electrolyte.
• Tensides with hydrotrope properties should constitute at least 25, preferably at least 50 weight % of total quantity of charge giving tensides. Suitable tensides of this type are quaternary fatty amine alkoxylates, ampholyte or zwitter ionic tensides and anjonic partial esters of phosphoric acid.
• Molecule structures of tensides that give rise to hydrotrope properties seem to be the presence of a charged nitrogen or phosphorus atom together with a relatively long alkoxy chain and/or presence of both cationic and anjonic charges in the same molecule.
• a suitable test if a charge giving tenside has sufficient hydrotrope properties is to make a mixture of it with nonionic tenside in intended proportions, add NTA-solution and dilute with cold water. See page 15, 1st paragraph regarding quantities and evaluation.
• quaternary fatty amine ethoxylates containing a long alkyl chain, 8 to 22 carbon atomes, and a long ethoxy chain, 5 to 25 ethoxy units.
• compositions may further contain relatively low amounts of other hydrotropes that may wholly or partly consist of polar solvents. They have no or slight effect upon the cleaning process, but are modifying the properties of the premix especially with respect to viscosity, dispersion properties and cold stability.
• compositions according to the invention contain different electrolytes as alkali, acids, complexing agents etc.
• pH should be within the range 8 to 12.
• For passenger cars the proper range is within the lower or middle part of this range.
• the compositions should contain a sufficient alkali reserv not to allow pH being effected by eventual acid components of the vehicle soil. pH adjustment and regulation of the alkalinity may be done by using a complex former solution with a surplus of alkali, addition of a solution of alkali metal hydroxide and/or ammonium or solid alkali as alkali metal carbonate.
• An interesting method is to let the premix be relatively acid for instance by the use of the acid form of one or more anionic tensides or by the addition of a hydrotrope in acid form.
• Premixes containing anionic tensides often show improved stability if they are present in acid form.
• Required alkalinity in the final mixture may be obtained by adjusting the electrolyte addition.
• the complexing agents may be oligomer or polymer phosphates as pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, metaphosphate etc., amine polycarboxylates as nitrilo triacetic acid (NTA), ethylene di-amine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) etc., phosphonates and amino phophonates. Part of these may in several cases be replaced by oligomer or polymer carboxylate compounds and/or cation exchanging zeolites.
• the electrolyte in its water free state is solid it may be present as dispersed small particles suspended in the tenside mixture, but this requires generally an advanced mixing apparatus including fine-grinding of the particles and is not preferred.
• water free state is included the cases too, where the main part of the water is present as crystal water.
• Most suitable complexing agents are available on the market in the form of concentrated solutions at a price per active substance that is below the price of the water free product.
• the completing agents in these cases it is preferred to add the completing agents as a concentrated water solution directly at the mixing of the water containing mixture. Even when the completing agent may be bought to competitive price in its water free state it is usually preferred to add it in connection with the final mixing either as powder or as water solution as the presence of finely ground particles strongly increases the viscosity of the tenside premix, rises the turbidity point and reduces the stability and gives the premix increased tendencies to gelling.
• premixes according to the invention may contain other common additives to this type of agents as fluor tensides to enhance the wetting of plastic surfaces etc., corrosion inhibitors, stabilizing agents, solubilizers (hydrotropes), viscosity adjusters, freezing point reducing agents etc.
• the proportion of nonionic tenside to cationic tenside if it is added should be at least 2:3 and preferably at least 1:1.
• the nonionic tenside is less costly than the cationic tenside it is preferred to increase its proportion as much as possible without seriously deteriorating the performance of the product.
• the possibilities of this are far better, when the nonionic tenside wholly or to considerable extent consists of alkoxylated nonyl phenols. In these cases one is able to create very efficient mixtures with a proportion of nonionic tenside to cationic tenside of 100:1 or sometimes even higher. Concerning mixtures based upon alkoxylated higher alcohols the conditions are not equally favorable and appropiate mixing proportions are therefore closer to the lower values above.
• Suitable mixing proportions concerning nonionic tensides to cationic tensides are thus from 2:3 to 150:1, preferably from 1:1 to 100:1 and more preferably from 1:1 to 80:1.
• the proportion nonionic tenside to anionic tenside should be at least 2:3, preferably 1:1. In this case too the proportion of charge giving tenside may be rather small. Proportions nonionic tenside to anionic tenside of 100:1 are well usuable. Generally seen, however, the proportion should not exceed 80:1.
• cleaning of road vehicles and railway vehicles, processes and agents according to the invention are suitable for a large number of different applications as degreasing within the industry, cleaning of machines in work shops and industry, cleaning of agricultural and excavating machines, cleaning of aeroplanes, sanifying after fires, enhanched oil recovery etc.
• the tenside containing premix does in most cases not need any separate adjustment but has a generally seen universal usability.
• the adjustment to special areas of use is mainly done by the choice of electrolyte additives. This adjustment is thus to a high degree simplified by the method of final mixing directly in connection with the site of use.
• compositions according to the invention will to large extent be used in locations, where the temperature at winter may be very low. Therefore it is advantageous if both the concentrate and the ready-made mixtures remain stable down to or below the freezing point. Starting instability is shown by turbidity. Stability should be present down to +10 o C, preferably down to 0 o C, and more preferably to -8 o C. Empirically, compositions with good stability in the final mixture seems to be satisfactory regarding stability in concentrate form too.
• compositions should be able of being diluted with cold water without showing gelling tendencies.
• Example 1 A premix consisting of
• the product was a clear, pourable liquid. It was used in the same way as the product according to example 1 and showed equal properties with respect to dispersion without gelling and cleaning result.
• Trial 2 was repeated with the difference that the content of nonionic tenside was increased to 55,5 weight % and entirely constituted of fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 11 carbon atoms in alcohol chain and 5 moles ethylene oxide per mol fatty alcohol. At the same time the addition of natrium-N-laurylsarkosinat was cancelled.
• the composition was a clear liquid and could be used in the same way and with equal results as the composition according to example 2.
• Samples of the composition according to example 2 and example 3 were diluted in the proportions 15 grammes premix, 3 grammes NTA-solution (38 weight %) and cold water to 1 liter. The resulting mixtures were subjected to cooling tests.
• the composition according to example 2 did not became turbid until at -5 o C the one according to example 3 became turbid at +8 o C.
• Trial 3 was repeated with the difference that the entire nonionic tenside quantity now was made up of fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 11 carbon atoms in the alcohol chain and 7 moles ethylene oxide per mol fatty alcohol.
• the premix was diluted in the same way as according to example 3.
• the resulting mixtures showed better cold stability than the ones according to example 3 but showed larger tendencies to gelling at dilution with water (did not pass the gelling test above).
• Trial 6 was repeated with the exchange of the NTA-solution against a clear liquid mixture of 49.5 % NTA-solution (38 %), 49,5 % kalipol (50 % potassium tripolyphosphate solution) and 1 % 50 % potassium lye.
• the mixture was used as car shampoo in the same way as the earlier one and showed an excellent cleaning result.
• a premix was prepared from 35,5 weight % fatty alcohol ethoxylate with on an average 11 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol and on an average 5 moles ethylene oxide, 12,0 weight % fatty alcohol ethoxylate with on an average 11 carbon atoms in the alcohol and on an average 7 moles ethylene oxide, 37,2 weight % quaternary cocoa fatty amine ethoxylate with about 15 moles ethylene oxide, 6,2 weight % sodium-N-lauryl sarcosinate (35 % solution), 9,1 weight % ethanol.
• the premix was a clear easy-flowing solution. It was used in the same way as the premix according to example 1 and showed equal properties.
• Example 11 A premix was prepared from
• the missing 5 weight % were constituted of a row of different solvents respectively other additives which are thought to be cold stabilizing.
• the mixtures were diluted in the earlier mentioned proportions 15 grammes premix, 3 grammes NTA (38 % solution) and the remainder to 1 liter tap water.

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• 1990
  • 1990-11-12 SE SE9003599A patent/SE500534C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1991
  • 1991-11-12 DK DK91920090.7T patent/DK0557364T3/da active
  • 1991-11-12 EP EP91920090A patent/EP0557364B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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  • 1991-11-12 DE DE69112638T patent/DE69112638T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-05-10 NO NO931701A patent/NO303547B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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