EP0557202B1 - Furnace for the purification of polluted material - Google Patents

Furnace for the purification of polluted material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0557202B1
EP0557202B1 EP93400425A EP93400425A EP0557202B1 EP 0557202 B1 EP0557202 B1 EP 0557202B1 EP 93400425 A EP93400425 A EP 93400425A EP 93400425 A EP93400425 A EP 93400425A EP 0557202 B1 EP0557202 B1 EP 0557202B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
walls
materials
polluted
oven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93400425A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0557202A1 (en
Inventor
Patrice Hennig
Jean-Charles Joigneault
Daniel Pantel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FOURS DELOT INTERNATIONAL
Engie SA
Original Assignee
FOURS DELOT INTERNATIONAL
Gaz de France SA
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Publication of EP0557202A1 publication Critical patent/EP0557202A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
    • F23G2205/18—Waste feed arrangements using airlock systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oven for the purification of polluted materials which may constitute materials of various nature and impregnated with polluting compounds, such as metals, organic materials, etc.
  • ovens for the purification of polluted materials generally comprising an enclosure provided with one or more burners capable of heating the polluted materials which are placed in the oven to purify them.
  • These purification or incineration ovens are generally rotary ovens, grate ovens or even fluidized bed ovens, in which the polluting compounds associated with the materials to be purified are destroyed by thermal oxidation, generally at high temperature.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an oven which substantially preserves the integrity of the material once it has been purified in the oven.
  • the subject of the invention is an oven for the purification of polluted materials, of the type comprising an enclosure of which at least one wall is provided with at least one burner, while supports intended to receive the polluted materials and provided passages for the circulation of combustion gases are arranged on the hearth of the furnace, characterized in that said supports consist of at least two walls pierced with orifices defining obligatory passages for the circulation of combustion gases around the polluted materials for decontaminate them and evacuate the contaminated combustion gases on the side of the bottom wall of the oven via a chamber into which the two walls open and which communicates with a chimney.
  • the two walls are substantially parallel to two opposite walls of the oven.
  • the burner or burners are mounted on the aforementioned opposite walls and / or on another wall of the furnace above the supports or walls supporting the polluted materials.
  • At least one of the walls of the oven is provided with at least one burner located at a level lower than that of the materials supported by the walls to ensure the combustion of the contaminated products extracted from the polluted materials .
  • the burners mounted on two opposite walls of the furnace are arranged opposite one another or in staggered rows.
  • the orifices in the walls are arranged opposite one another or in staggered rows, in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the burners or in a different plane.
  • the orifices in the walls are formed only at the end of the walls opposite the bottom wall of the oven.
  • the two walls, on the side of the bottom wall of the oven open into a chamber communicating with a chimney for discharging contaminated combustion gases.
  • the inlet wall of the oven is provided with an airlock
  • the hearth of the oven is provided with rolling, sliding or similar means arranged between the walls and allowing the movement of a carriage capable of transporting the polluted materials that may be contained in a bin.
  • the aforementioned carriage comprises a frame on which is articulated a plate allowing the deposit of the tray on the walls or its removal from the oven, and this in a manner which can be automatic and in any case in complete safety.
  • an oven according to this invention is essentially constituted by an enclosure 1 comprising a vault-shaped top wall 2, a hearth 3, two side walls 4, a bottom wall 5 and a face entry 6 equipped with a mobile lock identified generally at 7 in Figures 1 and 5.
  • supports which, according to the embodiment shown, are constituted by two parallel walls 8. These walls 8 are substantially parallel to the opposite side walls 4 forming the enclosure 1 of the oven.
  • the walls 4 are provided with orifices allowing the mounting of a plurality of gas burners for example and which are marked at B by their center line.
  • the low walls 8 are provided with a plurality of orifices 9 defining obligatory passages for the circulation of combustion gases, as will be explained in detail below. It will however be observed here that the passages in question could, without departing from the scope of the invention, be produced otherwise than by holes drilled in low walls such as 8, that is to say, for example, by simple studs or wedges resting on the floor 3 at an appropriate spacing.
  • the burners B are mounted in the walls 4 above the walls 8 intended to receive the polluted materials M which may be contained in a tank 10 resting on the upper part of the walls.
  • one or more burners could be provided on another wall of the enclosure 1, such as the bottom wall 5.
  • Such a burner in the lower part of the oven will advantageously ensure the combustion of contaminated products and eliminated from polluted materials by the action of combustion gases.
  • the burners B mounted on the side walls 4 of the oven are, as can be seen in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5, arranged opposite one another, but their arrangement in opposite could be without departing from the scope of the invention, a staggered arrangement, as seen in FIG. 4.
  • the orifices 9 in the low walls 8 are arranged opposite one another, but here again, they could be staggered, and this in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the burners B, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, or even in a different plane, as has been shown in FIG. 5.
  • the orifices 9 of the walls 8 can be provided over the entire length of the walls 8, as seen in FIG. 2, but they could be provided only at the end of the walls opposite the bottom wall 5 of the oven, which can facilitate the convection and evacuation of contaminated combustion gases to the chimney 11.
  • the two walls 8 open out, on the side of the bottom wall 5 of the oven in a chamber 20 communicating with the chimney 11 and forming a sort of tunnel for receiving polluted combustion gases flowing between the walls 8.
  • the hearth 3 of the oven is provided with rolling or sliding means 12 arranged between the walls 8. These rollers allow the movement of a carriage ensuring the transport of the container 10 containing the polluted materials M which must be purified in the oven, then extracted from this oven.
  • the carriage in question comprises a chassis 13 which can roll on the means 12, said carriage possibly comprising rollers.
  • On this frame 13 is mounted articulated, by means of links 14, a plate 15 on which the tank 10 is placed.
  • the trolley for transporting the bin 10 in the airlock 7 can move on rails 16 transversely to a loading station 17, to the oven or enclosure 1, to a cooling station 18 and to an unloading station 19.
  • the trolley will first of all, at the loading station 17, seek the polluted parts or materials which are to be purified in the furnace 1.
  • the burners B are lit and, as shown by arrows in FIG. 3, the combustion gases act both on the top of the tank 10 and on the bottom, by the fact that these combustion gases are somehow reflected by the walls 4 of the furnace to necessarily pass through orifices 9 in the walls, so that it is established around the polluted materials M to purify a homogeneous circulation and mixing of the combustion gases which will be capable of eliminating the polluted compounds permeating the M materials. This means that the decontamination of the polluted materials M will be greatly favored. Likewise the evacuation of combustion gases polluted via the chamber 20 in the chimney 11 will also be greatly favored, as shown by arrows in FIG. 4.
  • a smoke extractor may be provided downstream from the oven, although this is not compulsory, since, once again, the circulation and mixing of the combustion gases in the oven may be sufficient to carry out the evacuation.
  • the material purification operation M being thus carried out in the oven, the materials supported by the carriage are extracted from the oven, via the airlock 7, and they are then conveyed, using the aforementioned carriage, to the cooling station 18.
  • the carriage passes between the walls 8, its plate 15 being raised by means of the rods 14, so that the tank 10 is located above the walls, while 'at the end of introduction of the tray, the tray 15 is lowered so that said tray rests on the walls and so that the carriage can be removed from the oven. It is of course the reverse operation which occurs, when the carriage goes to seek the tank 10, after purification, to extract it from the oven.
  • the oven is obviously equipped with all the conventional means necessary to measure pressure, temperature, etc. Its internal volume is, as known per se, lined with a refractory material with low porosity, it being understood that the door 7a can be mechanized and will ensure the tightness of the enclosure 1.
  • An oven has therefore been produced according to the invention for the purification of materials polluted by harmful compounds, such as heavy metals and / or organic compounds, and which makes it possible to obtain an excellent purification yield due to the forced guiding of the gases of combustion acting on the polluted materials to be treated and whose circulation and mixing allow homogeneous heating at the same time as an efficient evacuation of contaminated gases.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a furnace for the purification of polluted materials. This furnace comprises a sole plate (3) on which are arranged supports or low walls (8) intended to receive a container (10) containing polluted materials, and comprising orifices (9) for circulating the combustion gases which thus promote the decontamination of the polluted materials and the exhausting from the furnace of the polluting products extracted from these materials by the action of the combustion gases. This furnace allows the purification of diverse articles or materials impregnated with polluting products such as metals or organic materials. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un four pour la purification de matières polluées pouvant constituer des matériaux de nature diverse et imprégnés de composés polluants, tels que métaux, matières organiques etc...The present invention relates to an oven for the purification of polluted materials which may constitute materials of various nature and impregnated with polluting compounds, such as metals, organic materials, etc.

On connait déjà des fours pour la purification de matières polluées et comprenant, d'une manière générale, une enceinte munie d'un ou plusieurs brûleurs susceptibles de chauffer les matières polluées qui sont placées dans le four pour les purifier.We already know ovens for the purification of polluted materials and generally comprising an enclosure provided with one or more burners capable of heating the polluted materials which are placed in the oven to purify them.

Ces fours de purification ou d'incinération sont généralement des fours rotatifs, des fours à grille ou encore des fours à lit fluidisé, dans lesquels les composés polluants associés aux matières à purifier sont détruits par oxydation thermique, généralement à haute température.These purification or incineration ovens are generally rotary ovens, grate ovens or even fluidized bed ovens, in which the polluting compounds associated with the materials to be purified are destroyed by thermal oxidation, generally at high temperature.

Mais ces fours connus présentent l'inconvénient que non seulement les composés polluants sont éliminés de la matière qui les supporte, mais que cette matière elle-même est détruite sous l'effet des températures très élevées utilisées et des mouvements de cette matière qui lui sont imposés par le four.But these known ovens have the disadvantage that not only the polluting compounds are eliminated from the material which supports them, but that this material itself is destroyed under the effect of the very high temperatures used and movements of this material which are imposed by the oven.

On connaît par ailleurs d'après le document GB-A-1 229 393 un four d'incinération du type décrit dans le préambule de la revendication 1.Furthermore, from document GB-A-1 229 393, an incineration furnace of the type described in the preamble to claim 1 is known.

La présente invention a pour but de proposer un four qui préserve sensiblement l'intégrité de la matière une fois celle-ci purifiée dans le four.The object of the present invention is to provide an oven which substantially preserves the integrity of the material once it has been purified in the oven.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un four pour la purification de matières polluées, du type comprenant une enceinte dont au moins une paroi est munie d'au moins un brûleur, tandis que des supports destinés à recevoir les matières polluées et pourvus de passages pour la circulation des gaz de combustion sont disposés sur la sole du four, caractérisé en ce que lesdits supports sont constitués par au moins deux murets percés d'orifices définissant des passages obligatoires pour la circulation des gaz de combustion autour des matières polluées pour les décontaminer et évacuer les gaz de combustion contaminés du côté de la paroi de fond du four via une chambre dans laquelle débouchent les deux murets et qui communique avec une cheminée.To this end, the subject of the invention is an oven for the purification of polluted materials, of the type comprising an enclosure of which at least one wall is provided with at least one burner, while supports intended to receive the polluted materials and provided passages for the circulation of combustion gases are arranged on the hearth of the furnace, characterized in that said supports consist of at least two walls pierced with orifices defining obligatory passages for the circulation of combustion gases around the polluted materials for decontaminate them and evacuate the contaminated combustion gases on the side of the bottom wall of the oven via a chamber into which the two walls open and which communicates with a chimney.

Suivant un mode de réalisation préféré, les deux murets sont sensiblement parallèles à deux parois opposées du four.According to a preferred embodiment, the two walls are substantially parallel to two opposite walls of the oven.

On précisera ici que le ou les brûleurs sont montés sur les parois opposées précitées et/ou sur une autre paroi du four au-dessus des supports ou murets supportant les matières polluées.It will be specified here that the burner or burners are mounted on the aforementioned opposite walls and / or on another wall of the furnace above the supports or walls supporting the polluted materials.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, au moins l'une des parois du four est munie d'au moins un brûleur situé à un niveau inférieur à celui des matières supportées par les murets pour assurer la combustion des produits contaminés extraits des matières polluées.According to another characteristic of the invention, at least one of the walls of the oven is provided with at least one burner located at a level lower than that of the materials supported by the walls to ensure the combustion of the contaminated products extracted from the polluted materials .

Les brûleurs montés sur deux parois opposées du four sont agencées en vis-à-vis au droit l'un de l'autre ou en quinconce.The burners mounted on two opposite walls of the furnace are arranged opposite one another or in staggered rows.

Les orifices dans les murets sont disposés en vis-à-vis au droit l'un de l'autre ou en quinconce, dans sensiblement le même plan vertical que celui des brûleurs ou dans un plan différent.The orifices in the walls are arranged opposite one another or in staggered rows, in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the burners or in a different plane.

Suivant une réalisation particulière, les orifices dans les murets sont ménagés seulement au niveau de l'extrémité des murets opposée à la paroi de fond du four.According to a particular embodiment, the orifices in the walls are formed only at the end of the walls opposite the bottom wall of the oven.

Suivant encore une autre caractéristique du four de l'invention, les deux murets, du côté de la paroi de fond du four,débouchent dans une chambre communiquant avec une cheminée d'évacuation des gaz de combustion contaminés.According to yet another characteristic of the oven of the invention, the two walls, on the side of the bottom wall of the oven, open into a chamber communicating with a chimney for discharging contaminated combustion gases.

On précisera encore ici que la paroi d'entrée du four est munie d'un sas, et la sole du four est munie de moyens de roulement, glissement ou analogues agencés entre les murets et permettant le déplacement d'un chariot apte à transporter les matières polluées qui sont éventuellement contenues dans un bac.It will also be specified here that the inlet wall of the oven is provided with an airlock, and the hearth of the oven is provided with rolling, sliding or similar means arranged between the walls and allowing the movement of a carriage capable of transporting the polluted materials that may be contained in a bin.

Le chariot précité comprend un châssis sur lequel est monté articulé un plateau permettant la dépose du bac sur les murets ou son retrait du four, et cela d'une manière qui peut être automatique et en tout cas en toute sécurité.The aforementioned carriage comprises a frame on which is articulated a plate allowing the deposit of the tray on the walls or its removal from the oven, and this in a manner which can be automatic and in any case in complete safety.

Mais d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple, et dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique et en coupe longitudinale du four, suivant la ligne I-I de la figure 5, et dans laquelle, pour plus de clarté, les murets à l'intérieur du four ne sont pas représentés.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 1, le chariot de transport des matières polluées n'étant pas représenté.
  • La figure 3 est une vue très schématique, similaire à la figure 2, mais ayant le mérite de montrer le trajet suivi par les gaz de combustion dans le four.
  • La figure 4 est une vue très schématique, comparable à la figure 3, mais de dessus du four.
  • La figure 5 est une vue schématique de dessus et partiellement en coupe illustrant le chargement du four en matières polluées et son déchargement, le chariot étant ici encore non représenté dans un but de clarté.
However, other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better in the detailed description which follows and refers to the appended drawings, given solely by way of example, and in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of the oven, along line II of Figure 5, and in which, for clarity, the walls inside the oven are not shown.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1, the trolley for transporting polluted materials is not shown.
  • Figure 3 is a very schematic view, similar to Figure 2, but having the merit of showing the path followed by the combustion gases in the oven.
  • Figure 4 is a very schematic view, comparable to Figure 3, but from above the oven.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view from above and partially in section illustrating the loading of the furnace with polluted materials and its unloading, the carriage being here again not shown for the purpose of clarity.

En se reportant aux figures, on voit qu'un four selon cette invention est essentiellement constitué par une enceinte 1 comportant une paroi de sommet en forme de voûte 2, une sole 3, deux parois latérales 4, une paroi de fond 5 et une face d'entrée 6 équipée d'un sas mobile repéré d'une manière générale en 7 sur les figures 1 et 5.Referring to the figures, it can be seen that an oven according to this invention is essentially constituted by an enclosure 1 comprising a vault-shaped top wall 2, a hearth 3, two side walls 4, a bottom wall 5 and a face entry 6 equipped with a mobile lock identified generally at 7 in Figures 1 and 5.

Sur la sole 3 du four sont disposés des supports qui, suivant l'exemple de réalisation représenté, sont constitués par deux murets parallèles 8. Ces murets 8 sont sensiblement parallèles aux parois latérales opposées 4 formant l'enceinte 1 du four.On the hearth 3 of the oven are arranged supports which, according to the embodiment shown, are constituted by two parallel walls 8. These walls 8 are substantially parallel to the opposite side walls 4 forming the enclosure 1 of the oven.

Les parois 4 sont munies d'orifices permettant le montage d'une pluralité de brûleurs à gaz par exemple et qui sont repérés en B par leur trait d'axe.The walls 4 are provided with orifices allowing the mounting of a plurality of gas burners for example and which are marked at B by their center line.

Les murets 8 sont pourvus d'une pluralité d'orifices 9 définissant des passages obligatoires pour la circulation des gaz de combustion, comme on l'expliquera en détail plus loin. On observera cependant ici que les passages en question pourraient, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, être réalisés autrement que par des orifices percés dans des murets tels que 8, c'est-à-dire, par exemple, par de simples plots ou cales reposant sur la sole 3 suivant un espacement approprié.The low walls 8 are provided with a plurality of orifices 9 defining obligatory passages for the circulation of combustion gases, as will be explained in detail below. It will however be observed here that the passages in question could, without departing from the scope of the invention, be produced otherwise than by holes drilled in low walls such as 8, that is to say, for example, by simple studs or wedges resting on the floor 3 at an appropriate spacing.

Comme on le voit bien sur les figures 2 et 3, les brûleurs B sont montés dans les parois 4 au-dessus des murets 8 destinés à recevoir les matières polluées M qui peuvent être contenues dans un bac 10 reposant sur la partie supérieure des murets.As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the burners B are mounted in the walls 4 above the walls 8 intended to receive the polluted materials M which may be contained in a tank 10 resting on the upper part of the walls.

Il est à noter qu'on pourrait prévoir un ou plusieurs brûleurs sur une autre paroi de l'enceinte 1, telle que la paroi de fond 5.It should be noted that one or more burners could be provided on another wall of the enclosure 1, such as the bottom wall 5.

Dans cet ordre d'idées, on pourrait encore prévoir un ou plusieurs brûleurs (non représentés) situés à un niveau inférieur à celui des matières M ou du bac B supporté par les murets 8. Un tel brûleur en partie basse du four assurera avantageusement la combustion des produits contaminés et éliminés des matières polluées par l'action des gaz de combustion.In this order of ideas, one could also provide one or more burners (not shown) situated at a level lower than that of the materials M or of the tank B supported by the walls 8. Such a burner in the lower part of the oven will advantageously ensure the combustion of contaminated products and eliminated from polluted materials by the action of combustion gases.

Les brûleurs B montés sur les parois latérales 4 du four sont, comme on le voit bien sur les figures 1, 2, 3 et 5, agencés en vis-à-vis au droit l'un de l'autre, mais leur agencement en vis-à-vis pourrait être sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, un agencement en quinconce, comme on le voit sur la figure 4.The burners B mounted on the side walls 4 of the oven are, as can be seen in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5, arranged opposite one another, but their arrangement in opposite could be without departing from the scope of the invention, a staggered arrangement, as seen in FIG. 4.

De même, comme on le voit sur la figure 5, les orifices 9 dans les murets 8 sont disposés en vis-à-vis au droit l'un de l'autre, mais là encore, ils pourraient être disposés en quinconce, et cela dans sensiblement le même plan vertical que celui des brûleurs B, comme on le voit bien sur les figures 2 et 3, ou encore dans un plan différent, comme cela a été représenté sur la figure 5.Likewise, as can be seen in FIG. 5, the orifices 9 in the low walls 8 are arranged opposite one another, but here again, they could be staggered, and this in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the burners B, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, or even in a different plane, as has been shown in FIG. 5.

Les orifices 9 des murets 8 peuvent être prévus sur toute la longueur des murets 8, comme on le voit sur la figure 2, mais ils pourraient être prévus seulement au niveau de l'extrémité des murets opposée à la paroi de fond 5 du four, ce qui peut faciliter la convexion et l'évacuation des gaz de combustion contaminés vers la cheminée 11.The orifices 9 of the walls 8 can be provided over the entire length of the walls 8, as seen in FIG. 2, but they could be provided only at the end of the walls opposite the bottom wall 5 of the oven, which can facilitate the convection and evacuation of contaminated combustion gases to the chimney 11.

Comme il apparaît clairement sur la figure 5, les deux murets 8 débouchent, du côté de la paroi de fond 5 du four dans une chambre 20 communiquant avec la cheminée 11 et formant en quelque sorte un tunnel de réception des gaz de combustion pollués circulant entre les murets 8.As it clearly appears in FIG. 5, the two walls 8 open out, on the side of the bottom wall 5 of the oven in a chamber 20 communicating with the chimney 11 and forming a sort of tunnel for receiving polluted combustion gases flowing between the walls 8.

Revenant à la figure 1, on voit que la sole 3 du four est munie de moyens de roulement ou de glissement 12 agencés entre les murets 8. Ces galets permettent le déplacement d'un chariot assurant le transport du bac 10 contenant les matières polluées M qui doivent être purifiées dans le four, puis extraites de ce four.Returning to FIG. 1, it can be seen that the hearth 3 of the oven is provided with rolling or sliding means 12 arranged between the walls 8. These rollers allow the movement of a carriage ensuring the transport of the container 10 containing the polluted materials M which must be purified in the oven, then extracted from this oven.

Le chariot en question comprend un châssis 13 pouvant rouler sur les moyens 12, ledit chariot pouvant comporter des galets. Sur ce châssis 13 est monté articulé, par l'intermédiaire de biellettes 14, un plateau 15 sur lequel est placé le bac 10.The carriage in question comprises a chassis 13 which can roll on the means 12, said carriage possibly comprising rollers. On this frame 13 is mounted articulated, by means of links 14, a plate 15 on which the tank 10 is placed.

Mais pour une meilleure compréhension de l'invention, on expliquera ci-après le fonctionnement du four qui vient d'être décrit en se reportant plus particulièrement à la figure 5.But for a better understanding of the invention, the operation of the oven which has just been described will be explained below with particular reference to FIG. 5.

Le chariot de transport du bac 10 dans le sas 7 peut se déplacer sur des rails 16 transversalement à un poste de chargement 17, au four ou enceinte 1, à un poste de refroidissement 18 et à un poste de déchargement 19.The trolley for transporting the bin 10 in the airlock 7 can move on rails 16 transversely to a loading station 17, to the oven or enclosure 1, to a cooling station 18 and to an unloading station 19.

Le chariot va tout d'abord, au poste de chargement 17, chercher les pièces ou matières polluées qui sont à purifier dans le four 1.The trolley will first of all, at the loading station 17, seek the polluted parts or materials which are to be purified in the furnace 1.

Ces matières, contenues dans le bac 10, sont ensuite introduites dans le four via le sas 7, ce après quoi le four est fermé de façon étanche grâce à la porte 7a.These materials, contained in the tank 10, are then introduced into the oven via the airlock 7, after which the oven is closed in a sealed manner thanks to the door 7a.

Les brûleurs B sont allumés et, comme cela est matérialisé par des flèches sur la figure 3, les gaz de combustion agissent tant sur le dessus du bac 10 que sur le dessous, par le fait que ces gaz de combustion sont en quelque sorte réfléchis par les parois 4 du four pour nécessairement passer au travers des orifices 9 dans les murets, de sorte qu'il s'établit autour des matières polluées M à purifier une circulation et un brassage homogènes des gaz de combustion qui seront aptes à éliminer les composés pollués imprégnant les matières M. C'est dire que la décontamination des matières polluées M sera grandement favorisée. De même l'évacuation des gaz de combustion pollués via la chambre 20 dans la cheminée 11 sera elle aussi grandement favorisée, comme matérialisé par des flèches sur la figure 4.The burners B are lit and, as shown by arrows in FIG. 3, the combustion gases act both on the top of the tank 10 and on the bottom, by the fact that these combustion gases are somehow reflected by the walls 4 of the furnace to necessarily pass through orifices 9 in the walls, so that it is established around the polluted materials M to purify a homogeneous circulation and mixing of the combustion gases which will be capable of eliminating the polluted compounds permeating the M materials. This means that the decontamination of the polluted materials M will be greatly favored. Likewise the evacuation of combustion gases polluted via the chamber 20 in the chimney 11 will also be greatly favored, as shown by arrows in FIG. 4.

On observera qu'en aval du four, pourra être prévu un extracteur de fumées, bien que cela ne soit pas obligatoire, puisque, encore une fois, la circulation et le brassage des gaz de combustion dans le four pourra être suffisant pour réaliser l'évacuation.It will be observed that downstream from the oven, a smoke extractor may be provided, although this is not compulsory, since, once again, the circulation and mixing of the combustion gases in the oven may be sufficient to carry out the evacuation.

L'opération de purification des matières M étant ainsi réalisée dans le four, les matières supportées par le chariot sont extraites du four, via le sas 7, et elles sont ensuite acheminées, à l'aide du chariot précité, vers le poste de refroidissement 18.The material purification operation M being thus carried out in the oven, the materials supported by the carriage are extracted from the oven, via the airlock 7, and they are then conveyed, using the aforementioned carriage, to the cooling station 18.

Enfin, le chariot est amené au poste 19 de déchargement des matières M refroidies et purifiées.Finally, the carriage is brought to station 19 for unloading the cooled and purified materials M.

Il est à noter que lors du chargement des matières à purifier dans le four, le chariot passe entre les murets 8, son plateau 15 étant surélevé grâce aux biellettes 14, de sorte que le bac 10 se trouve au-dessus des murets, tandis qu'en fin d'introduction du bac, le plateau 15 est abaissé pour que ledit bac repose sur les murets et que, ainsi, le chariot puisse être extrait du four. C'est bien entendu l'opération inverse qui se produit, lorsque le chariot va chercher le bac 10, après purification, pour l'extraire du four.It should be noted that when loading the materials to be purified into the oven, the carriage passes between the walls 8, its plate 15 being raised by means of the rods 14, so that the tank 10 is located above the walls, while 'at the end of introduction of the tray, the tray 15 is lowered so that said tray rests on the walls and so that the carriage can be removed from the oven. It is of course the reverse operation which occurs, when the carriage goes to seek the tank 10, after purification, to extract it from the oven.

Le four est évidemment équipé de tous les moyens classiques et nécessaires pour mesurer la pression, la température etc... . Son volume interne est, comme connu en soi, garni d'un matériau réfractaire à faible porosité, étant bien entendu que la porte 7a pourra être mécanisée et assurera l'étanchéité de l'enceinte 1.The oven is obviously equipped with all the conventional means necessary to measure pressure, temperature, etc. Its internal volume is, as known per se, lined with a refractory material with low porosity, it being understood that the door 7a can be mechanized and will ensure the tightness of the enclosure 1.

On a donc réalisé suivant l'invention un four pour la purification de matières polluées par des composés nocifs, tels que métaux lourds et/ou composés organiques, et qui permet d'obtenir un excellent rendement de purification en raison du guidage forcé des gaz de combustion agissant sur les matières polluées à traiter et dont la circulation et le brassage permettent un chauffage homogène en même temps qu'une évacuation efficace des gaz contaminés.An oven has therefore been produced according to the invention for the purification of materials polluted by harmful compounds, such as heavy metals and / or organic compounds, and which makes it possible to obtain an excellent purification yield due to the forced guiding of the gases of combustion acting on the polluted materials to be treated and whose circulation and mixing allow homogeneous heating at the same time as an efficient evacuation of contaminated gases.

Claims (9)

  1. Furnace for the purification of polluted materials, of the type comprising an enclosure (1) at least one wall of which is provided with at least one burner (B) whereas supports intended to receive polluted materials (M) and provided with passage-ways for circulation of the combustion gases are disposed on the sole (3) of the furnace, characterized in that the said supports are constituted by at least two low walls (8) bored through with openings (9) defining compulsory passage-ways for the circulation of the combustion gases about the polluted materials for decontaminating them and discharging the contaminated combustion gases towards the end wall (5) of the furnace via a chamber (20) into which both low walls (8) are leading and which communicates with a chimney flue (11).
  2. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that both low walls (8) are substantially parallel to two opposite walls (4) of the furnace.
  3. Furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the burner(s) (B) is/are mounted on the aforesaid opposite walls (4) and/or on another wall (5) of the furnace above the low walls (8) supporting the polluted materials (M).
  4. Furnace according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the walls of the furnace is provided with at least one burner (B) located at a lower level than that of the materials (M) supported by the low walls (8) to ensure the combustion of the contaminated products extracted from the polluted materials.
  5. Furnace according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the burners (B) mounted on two opposite walls (4) of the furnace are arranged opposite each other or in registering relation to each other or in staggered relationship.
  6. Furnace according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the apertures (9) of the aforesaid low walls (8) are disposed opposite each other in registering relation to each other or in staggered relationship in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the burners (B) or in a different plane.
  7. Furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that the aforesaid apertures (9) are only formed at the level of the end of the low walls (8) opposite to the end wall (5) of the furnace.
  8. Furnace according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that its inlet wall (6) is provided with a lock (7) and its sole (3) is provided with rolling, sliding or like means (12) arranged between the low walls (8) and permitting the displacement of a carriage adapted to transport the polluted materials (M) which are possibly contained in a bin ( 10).
  9. Furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that the aforesaid carriage comprises a frame (13) upon which is pivotally mounted a plate (15) permitting the depositing of the bin (10) upon the low walls (8) or its withdrawal from the furnace.
EP93400425A 1992-02-20 1993-02-18 Furnace for the purification of polluted material Expired - Lifetime EP0557202B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9201948 1992-02-20
FR9201948A FR2687764B1 (en) 1992-02-20 1992-02-20 OVEN FOR THE PURIFICATION OF POLLUTED MATERIALS.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0557202A1 EP0557202A1 (en) 1993-08-25
EP0557202B1 true EP0557202B1 (en) 1995-11-22

Family

ID=9426844

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93400425A Expired - Lifetime EP0557202B1 (en) 1992-02-20 1993-02-18 Furnace for the purification of polluted material

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0557202B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE130669T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69300837T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2687764B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE636436C (en) * 1936-10-08 Theodor Stassinet Dr Ing Pusher oven
US3172647A (en) * 1963-03-26 1965-03-09 Bickley Furnaces Inc Continuous kiln
GB1229393A (en) * 1969-01-16 1971-04-21 Wellman Incandescent Furn Co Improvements relating to cremation furnaces
US3658016A (en) * 1970-04-27 1972-04-25 Paul W Parker Incinerator
GB2181825B (en) * 1985-10-22 1989-09-20 J G Shelton & Co Ltd Apparatus for charging furnaces
US4941823A (en) * 1989-12-05 1990-07-17 Seco/Warwick Corporation Vertical air flow ingot pusher furnace with adjustable side baffles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2687764B1 (en) 1996-10-04
DE69300837D1 (en) 1996-01-04
ATE130669T1 (en) 1995-12-15
DE69300837T2 (en) 1996-05-30
EP0557202A1 (en) 1993-08-25
FR2687764A1 (en) 1993-08-27

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