EP0557200A1 - Method and device for neutralising a threat through the release of a neutralising substance - Google Patents

Method and device for neutralising a threat through the release of a neutralising substance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0557200A1
EP0557200A1 EP19930400422 EP93400422A EP0557200A1 EP 0557200 A1 EP0557200 A1 EP 0557200A1 EP 19930400422 EP19930400422 EP 19930400422 EP 93400422 A EP93400422 A EP 93400422A EP 0557200 A1 EP0557200 A1 EP 0557200A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pyrotechnic
head according
threat
gel
pyrotechnic head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19930400422
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0557200B1 (en
Inventor
Denis Dilhan
Jean Baricos
Philippe Groc
Jean-Pierre Rosada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Publication of EP0557200A1 publication Critical patent/EP0557200A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of methods and devices for neutralizing a threat.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a method for neutralizing a threat by deploying a neutralizing substance between the threat and an area to be protected.
  • the invention also relates to a pyrotechnic head for neutralizing a threat by deployment between the threat and an area to be protected with a neutralizing substance.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrating the state of the art, a threat referenced C (armored vehicle) and an area to be protected referenced P.
  • a smoke signal is sent in the vicinity of the threat to generate a screen referenced E.
  • the protection conferred by the devices of the prior art is therefore short-lived.
  • a first object of the invention is to propose a method for effectively neutralizing a threat.
  • a second object of the invention is to propose an improved pyrotechnic head to neutralize a threat.
  • the invention achieves this first object by a method for neutralizing a threat, of the type comprising the step which consists in deploying a neutralizing substance forming a screen between the threat and an area to be protected, in which a threat is sent over the threat. neutralizing substance able to adhere to it.
  • the neutralizing substance comprises a smoke gel.
  • the gel is active in a wavelength range comprising the visible and / or the infrared by absorption or saturation.
  • the invention achieves the second object by proposing a pyrotechnic head of the type comprising an envelope, a neutralizing substance contained in the envelope and dispersing means for sending between the threat and an area to be protected the neutralizing substance adapted to adhere to the threat , characterized in that the neutralizing substance comprises a smoke gel.
  • the neutralizing substance optionally comprises a pyrotechnic composition capable of producing, on burning, a strong light flash.
  • the gel and the pyrotechnic composition are placed inside the envelope respectively in a main compartment and a separate secondary compartment.
  • the dispersing means comprise detonating cutting cords.
  • the detonating cutting cords are arranged inside a central tube at least partially passing through the neutralizing substance along an axis of symmetry of the envelope.
  • the main compartment and the secondary compartment are separated by a common separating partition.
  • the separating partition has the shape of a frustoconical sleeve of revolution around the axis of symmetry of the envelope, fitted at one end on the central tube and bearing at the other end on the inner surface of the envelope.
  • the smoke gel is contained in the main compartment of the envelope, bordered by the interior of the frustoconical sleeve.
  • the separating partition is a cylindrical sleeve with an inside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the central tube, coaxial with the latter.
  • the pyrotechnic composition is contained in the annular space between the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve and the outer surface of the central tube.
  • the pyrotechnic head is provided with a tail unit to form a projectile, and preferably comprises propulsion means to form a rocket.
  • FIG. 2A shows a threat referenced C, for example an armored vehicle, and an area to be protected referenced P.
  • the method according to the invention aims to deploy on threat C a neutralizing substance referenced S, adapted to adhere to the threat and follow it in its possible progression.
  • the neutralizing substance S is carried away by the threat and continues to act on it to form a screen E.
  • the neutralizing substance S is preferably active in the visible and infrared optical domains and acts by saturation or absorption.
  • the neutralizing substance comprises for this purpose, according to the invention, a smoke gel referenced G, capable of adhering to the threat and generating by burning fumes forming a screen.
  • the fumigant gel G results from the dilution of an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon in a polychloroprene, for example neoprene, in proportions of between 50 and 400 g of neoprene per liter of hydrocarbon.
  • the smoke gel G comprises a composition based on red phosphorus or any other equivalent substance known to those skilled in the art which saturates by burning the operation of one or more sensors used by the threat.
  • a powder based on reducing metals such as magnesium or aluminum is incorporated into the fumigant gel G to activate the combustion thereof.
  • the invention also relates to a pyrotechnic head.
  • a pyrotechnic head there is shown in Figure 3 in axial section taken in a plane containing the axis of symmetry, a pyrotechnic head according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the pyrotechnic head is referenced as a whole 300.
  • the axis of symmetry of the pyrotechnic head 300, referenced X, is contained in the cutting plane of FIG. 3.
  • the pyrotechnic head 300 comprises a symmetrical envelope of revolution around the axis X, comprising a tubular case 310 closed at a first end 311 by a rounded cap 320.
  • the tubular case 310 extends at the end 312 opposite the first end 311 by a frustoconical part 313 converging away from the first end 311 and terminated by a cylindrical skirt 314 extending parallel to the axis X.
  • the cap 320 comprises a rounded part 321 in the form of a paraboloid extended by a cylindrical skirt 322 of external diameter substantially equal to the internal diameter of the case 310.
  • the rounded part 321 has a hemispherical external surface.
  • the cylindrical skirt 322 is threaded on its outer flank and engages by screwing in a corresponding tapping provided on the internal surface 315 of the case 310 in the vicinity of the first end 311.
  • An annular flange 328 is provided on the external flank of the cylindrical skirt 322, projecting radially from this flank and intended to come to bear on the free edge 316 of the first end 311 of the case 310 when the cap 320 is engaged by screwing therein.
  • the cap 320 is advantageously truncated at its top, and it is provided externally with a tapped bore 325, centered on the axis X, of diameter less than the diameter of the truncated section.
  • the bore 325 preferably crosses the cap 320.
  • a plug 330 symmetrical of revolution, is provided for engaging in the bore 325 and closing the cap 320.
  • the plug 330 comprises a threaded cylindrical body 332, intended to engage by a front end 330 by screwing into the bore 325 of the cap 320. It is possible without departing from the scope of the invention to fix the plug 330 on the cap 320 by other equivalent fixing means.
  • the cylindrical body 332 of the stopper 330 is extended at its rear end opposite the front end by a dome-shaped head 333 symmetrical in revolution, comprising a flat base 334 intended to rest on the truncated surface 326 of the cap 320.
  • the head 333 has a rounded external surface and advantageously replaces the external surface of the truncated portion of the cap 320.
  • the cylindrical body 332 is provided at its front end 3300 with a blind bore 336 centered on the axis X and leading to the case 310.
  • An annular groove 329 is advantageously provided, as shown, on the outer flank of the cylindrical skirt 322 to accommodate a seal 327, interposed between the cap 320 and the case 310.
  • the case 310 is closed at its second end 312 by a cylindrical plug 340, threaded on its external flank and intended to engage by screwing in a thread provided on the internal flank of the skirt 314.
  • the plug 340 advantageously comprises a bottom constituted by a flat disc 341, extended at its periphery by a cylindrical skirt 342 perpendicular to the plane of the disc 341.
  • An annular groove 345 is preferably provided on the external flank of the skirt 342 to receive a seal 347, interposed between the plug 340 and the case 310.
  • the pyrotechnic head 300 also comprises a central tube 350, centered on the axis X, and fitted at its ends in the bores 336 and 343 provided on the plugs 330 and 340.
  • a transverse dividing partition 360 symmetrical of revolution around the axis X is provided inside the head 300 and extends between the outer surface 351 of the central tube 350 and the surface internal 315 of the case 310.
  • the partition 360 has the shape of a truncated cone 361, extended at each end by cylindrical skirts 362 and 363, parallel to the axis of symmetry of the portion frustoconical 361, coincident with the axis X.
  • the frustoconical portion 361 is inclined on the axis X preferably, as shown, with an angle between 20 and 40 °.
  • the skirt 362 advantageously has a free edge 364 curved opposite the axis X.
  • the skirt 363 has an internal diameter corresponding to the external diameter of the central tube 350, while the skirt 362 has an external diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of the case 310.
  • the skirt 363 is engaged on the central tube 350 and the free edge 364 is engaged in a housing provided on the external flank of the cylindrical skirt 322 in the vicinity of the free edge 3200 of the cap 320.
  • the cap 320 keeps pressed against the internal surface 315 of the case 310 the skirt 362 of the separating partition 360.
  • the main compartment 301 is turned towards the inside of the partition 360.
  • the main compartment advantageously accommodates a smoke smoke gel G as described above.
  • the secondary compartment 302 accommodates a pyrotechnic composition F which will be described in detail below.
  • the main compartment 301 preferably corresponds to about two thirds of the internal volume contained by the envelope formed by the union of the case 310 and the cap 320.
  • the pyrotechnic head 300 also includes dispersing means housed inside the tube 350 which will be described in more detail below. These dispersing means are preferably constituted by detonating cutting cords 1000, visible on the cross section of FIG. 4, and extending parallel to the axis X.
  • FIG. 5 shows a second alternative embodiment of a pyrotechnic head 500 according to the invention.
  • the pyrotechnic head 500 comprises a cylindrical case 510 similar to the case 310 of the pyrotechnic head 300 and which will therefore not be described in more detail.
  • the case 510 is closed at a first end 511 by a cap 520 truncated at its top, similar to cap 320 of the first embodiment of the invention, and closed by a plug 530.
  • the references 514, 515 correspond to parts similar to those of the case 310, which have have been referenced 314 and 315 in FIG. 3.
  • the plug 530 does not have a bore on its cylindrical body.
  • the case 510 is closed at its second end 512 opposite the end 511 by a stopper 540 engaged on the case 510 in a similar manner to the engagement of the stopper 340 on the case 310.
  • the stopper 540 comprises a bottom 541 provided with a bore 543 passing through the bottom 541.
  • a cylindrical sleeve 546 centered on the axis X, of internal diameter corresponding to the diameter of the bore 543, is connected to the face of the bottom 541 disposed opposite the cap 520.
  • the sleeve 546 is connected to the bottom 541 of the plug 540 with an outer surface recessed towards the axis X to form an external circular groove 548.
  • a central tube 550 of axis X and of external diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of the bore 543 is engaged by an end 5500 in the sleeve 546 and the bore 543.
  • a second cylindrical tube 560 of internal diameter corresponding to the external diameter of the sleeve 546 is engaged by an end 5600 on the latter and crimped on the groove 548.
  • An annular groove 549 formed on the external surface of the sleeve 546 serves to receive a gasket seal 549, interposed between the sleeve 546 and the tube 560.
  • the cylindrical tube 560 is closed at the end 5601 opposite the end 5600 by a plug 570 comprising a bottom 571 having the shape of a flat disc extended at its periphery by a cylindrical skirt 572 perpendicular to the bottom 571 and extending in the direction of the cap 520.
  • the free end 574 of the cylindrical skirt 572 is chamfered on its outer flank.
  • the free edge 565 of the end 5601 of the cylindrical tube 560 is crimped onto the chamfered edge 574 of the skirt 572.
  • the bottom 571 of the plug 570 is applied to the free circular section of the central tube 550 and keeps the latter engaged in the sleeve 546.
  • An annular groove 573 is provided on the external side of the cylindrical skirt 572 to receive a seal 577 interposed between the plug 570 and the cylindrical tube 560.
  • the space between the meeting of the interior surface 515 of the case 510 and the interior surface of the cap 520, and the exterior surface 5603 of the cylindrical tube 560 defines a main compartment 501 which contains a smoke gel G as described above.
  • the annular space between the central tube 550 and the cylindrical tube 560 closed at its ends by the plug 570 and the sleeve 546 advantageously contains a pyrotechnic composition referenced F whose function will be described in more detail below.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view along the section line VI-VI in FIG. 5 that the central tube 550 is traversed by detonating cords 1000 arranged parallel to the axis X.
  • the cords detonants 1000 are also visible in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic view in cross section of a detonating cutting cord 1000.
  • the cord is constituted by a metal sheath 1100 of essentially triangular section, comprising two sides inclined between them at an angle close to 60 °, with apex 1200 rounded convex towards the outside and base 1300 concave towards the outside, symmetrical with respect to a bisector plane P passing through the apex 1200, which is also plane of symmetry for the sheath.
  • the sheath is charged with an explosive 1400.
  • the concavity facing outwards from the base of the sheath 1100 ensures the concentration of the explosive power in the bisector plane P, which is advantageously confused with a diametral plane of a pyrotechnic head according to the invention.
  • This metal sheath 1100 is advantageously made of lead and the explosive 1400 is advantageously hexogen.
  • the choice of the quantity of explosive 1400 contained in the sheath 1100 makes it possible to adapt the power of the cords to the dispersion desired for the pyrotechnic head.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the behavior of the sheath 1100 under the effect of the detonation of the explosive 1400. It is noted on examining FIG. 8 that under the effect of the detonation, the base of the sheath 1100 cord 1000 is projected towards the wall of a tube 350 or 550 previously described to form a dart 1500 which crosses it, as illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • the operation of the pyrotechnic head is as follows: firing means not shown (advantageously an inertia striker), initiate the detonation of the detonating cutting cords 1000.
  • the detonation of the cords is accompanied by a rise in temperature and especially in pressure of the central tube 350 containing the cords which is cut radially by the high energy darts 1500, released by the detonation of the cords 1000.
  • the darts 1500 quickly reach the envelope of a pyrotechnic head according to the invention, for example the case 310 of the head 300 for cutting it along three lines substantially parallel to the axis X of the envelope. Under the effect of internal pressure, the three cut-out case fragments are ejected radially and the contents of the envelope are dispersed in three lobes, in directions corresponding to the bisector plane (B) of each dihedron having a common edge the X axis and containing two cords, as illustrated in Figure 10.
  • B bisector plane
  • the pyrotechnic head 300 or 500 is provided at its end 312 or 512 with a tail unit to form a projectile.
  • the empennage can for example be attached to the case 310 or 510 by screwing on a thread made on the external flank of the skirts 314 or 514.
  • the pyrotechnic head 300 or 500 further comprises propulsion means not shown to form a rocket.
  • the pyrotechnic composition F preferably comprises a pulverulent mixture of a reducing and oxidizing composition, the initiation of which in reaction is obtained by the detonation of the cords and which produced by reacting a strong luminous flash intended to dazzle, even to blind.
  • a pyrotechnic head according to the invention has a simple structure which offers numerous advantages, in particular lightness and robustness.
  • detonating cutting cords thanks to their double cutting and dispersing action makes it possible on the one hand to cut the envelope of the neutralizing head very efficiently and on the other hand to send under advantageous conditions the neutralizing substance in contact with the threat. It ensures in particular a good recovery of the threat by the neutralizing substance, therefore a good adhesion of the latter for a prolonged period of time.
  • the neutralizing substance follows the threat as it progresses and its effect is not significantly affected by the wind since it is carried by the threat itself.
  • a smoke smoke gel G adapted to adhere to the threat also makes it possible to effectively generate a screen in the wavelengths of the visible and infrared range, and the smoke smoke gel produces, when consumed, a strong infrared radiation which saturates the operation of sensors operating in this part of the spectrum. This effectively and prolonged neutralizes the means of guidance and the weapons carried by the threat which operate in the visible and / or infrared domain.
  • the combined use of the fumigant gel G and the dazzling pyrotechnic composition F provides increased efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the sector of methods for neutralising a threat by the release of a neutralising substance forming a screen between the threat and a zone to be protected. According to the invention, a neutralising substance capable of adhering to the threat is transmitted to the latter. The invention also relates to the sector of pyrotechnic heads, its subject being more particularly a pyrotechnic head (300) of the type comprising a casing (310, 320), a neutralising substance contained in the casing and dispersal means for bringing the neutralising substance into contact with a threat, in which pyrotechnic head the neutralising substance comprises a smoke-generating gel (G) designed to ahdere to the threat. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine des procédés et dispositifs pour neutraliser une menace.The present invention relates to the field of methods and devices for neutralizing a threat.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un procédé pour neutraliser une menace par déploiement d'une substance neutralisante entre la menace et une zone à protéger.The invention relates more particularly to a method for neutralizing a threat by deploying a neutralizing substance between the threat and an area to be protected.

L'invention concerne également une tête pyrotechnique pour neutraliser une menace par déploiement entre la menace et une zone à protéger d'une substance neutralisante.The invention also relates to a pyrotechnic head for neutralizing a threat by deployment between the threat and an area to be protected with a neutralizing substance.

Il est connu de protéger une zone vis-à-vis d'une menace (engin blindé, navire, avion, personnel) en interposant entre la menace et la zone à protéger un fumigène faisant écran aux longueurs d'ondes du domaine visible et/ou infrarouge. Il est avantageux de procéder ainsi lorsque l'on ne dispose pas d'un armement suffisant pour détruire directement la menace ou lorsque l'on désire se donner du temps afin de faire face ultérieurement à cette menace dans des conditions plus favorables. Il a ainsi été proposé de nombreux dispositifs pour déployer entre une menace et une zone à protéger un fumigène formant écran.It is known to protect an area from a threat (armored vehicle, ship, plane, personnel) by interposing between the threat and the area to be protected a smoke smoke shielding the wavelengths of the visible range and / or infrared. It is advantageous to do so when one does not have sufficient armament to directly destroy the threat or when one wishes to give oneself time in order to face this threat later in more favorable conditions. Numerous devices have thus been proposed for deploying between a threat and an area to be protected a smoke smoke forming a screen.

Cependant, tous ces dispositifs de l'art antérieur ne donnent pas satisfaction car la menace peut contourner la zone formant écran ou continuer sa progression pour sortir de la zone couverte par le fumigène.However, all of these devices of the prior art are not satisfactory because the threat can bypass the screen area or continue its progression out of the area covered by the smoke.

A titre d'illustration, on a représenté sur les figures 1A et 1B illustrant l'état de la technique, une menace référencée C (véhicule blindé) et une zone à protéger référencée P. Un fumigène est envoyé dans le voisinage de la menace pour générer un écran référencé E. Rien n'empêche la menace C de continuer sa progression pour traverser ou contourner la zone couverte par le fumigène formant écran et devenir à nouveau menaçante, ainsi qu'illustré sur la figure 1B. La protection conférée par les dispositifs de l'art antérieur est donc de courte durée.By way of illustration, there is shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrating the state of the art, a threat referenced C (armored vehicle) and an area to be protected referenced P. A smoke signal is sent in the vicinity of the threat to generate a screen referenced E. Nothing prevents threat C from continuing its progression to cross or bypass the area covered by the smoke forming a screen and become threatening again, as illustrated in FIG. 1B. The protection conferred by the devices of the prior art is therefore short-lived.

Un premier but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé pour neutraliser efficacement une menace. Un deuxième but de l'invention est de proposer une tête pyrotechnique améliorée pour neutraliser une menace.A first object of the invention is to propose a method for effectively neutralizing a threat. A second object of the invention is to propose an improved pyrotechnic head to neutralize a threat.

L'invention atteint ce premier but grâce à un procédé de neutralisation d'une menace, du type comprenant l'étape qui consiste à déployer une substance neutralisante formant écran entre la menace et une zone à protéger, dans lequel on envoie sur la menace une substance neutralisante apte à adhérer à celle-ci.The invention achieves this first object by a method for neutralizing a threat, of the type comprising the step which consists in deploying a neutralizing substance forming a screen between the threat and an area to be protected, in which a threat is sent over the threat. neutralizing substance able to adhere to it.

Selon l'invention, la substance neutralisante comprend un gel fumigène. De préférence, le gel est actif dans un domaine de longueur d'ondes comprenant le visible et/ou l'infrarouge par absorption ou saturation.According to the invention, the neutralizing substance comprises a smoke gel. Preferably, the gel is active in a wavelength range comprising the visible and / or the infrared by absorption or saturation.

L'invention atteint le deuxième but en proposant une tête pyrotechnique du type comportant une enveloppe, une substance neutralisante contenue dans l'enveloppe et des moyens de dispersion pour envoyer entre la menace et une zone à protéger la substance neutralisante adaptée à adhérer à la menace, caractérisée en ce que la substance neutralisante comprend un gel fumigène.The invention achieves the second object by proposing a pyrotechnic head of the type comprising an envelope, a neutralizing substance contained in the envelope and dispersing means for sending between the threat and an area to be protected the neutralizing substance adapted to adhere to the threat , characterized in that the neutralizing substance comprises a smoke gel.

De préférence, la substance neutralisante comprend en option une composition pyrotechnique apte à produire, en brûlant, un fort éclair lumineux.Preferably, the neutralizing substance optionally comprises a pyrotechnic composition capable of producing, on burning, a strong light flash.

Avantageusement, le gel et la composition pyrotechnique sont placés à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe respectivement dans un compartiment principal et un compartiment secondaire séparés.Advantageously, the gel and the pyrotechnic composition are placed inside the envelope respectively in a main compartment and a separate secondary compartment.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les moyens de dispersion comportent des cordeaux détonants de découpage.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dispersing means comprise detonating cutting cords.

De préférence alors, les cordeaux détonants de découpage sont disposés à l'intérieur d'un tube central traversant au moins partiellement la substance neutralisante selon un axe de symétrie de l'enveloppe.Preferably then, the detonating cutting cords are arranged inside a central tube at least partially passing through the neutralizing substance along an axis of symmetry of the envelope.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, le compartiment principal et le compartiment secondaire sont séparés par une cloison séparatrice commune.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the main compartment and the secondary compartment are separated by a common separating partition.

Dans une première variante de réalisation, la cloison séparatrice a la forme d'un manchon tronconique de révolution autour de l'axe de symétrie de l'enveloppe, emmanché à une extrémité sur le tube central et en appui à l'autre extrémité sur la surface intérieure de l'enveloppe.In a first alternative embodiment, the separating partition has the shape of a frustoconical sleeve of revolution around the axis of symmetry of the envelope, fitted at one end on the central tube and bearing at the other end on the inner surface of the envelope.

Alors, de préférence, le gel fumigène est contenu dans le compartiment principal de l'enveloppe, bordé par l'intérieur du manchon tronconique.Then, preferably, the smoke gel is contained in the main compartment of the envelope, bordered by the interior of the frustoconical sleeve.

Dans une deuxième variante de réalisation, la cloison séparatrice est un manchon cylindrique de diamètre intérieur supérieur au diamètre extérieur du tube central, coaxial avec ce dernier.In a second variant embodiment, the separating partition is a cylindrical sleeve with an inside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the central tube, coaxial with the latter.

Alors, de préférence, la composition pyrotechnique est contenue dans l'espace annulaire compris entre la surface intérieure du manchon cylindrique et la surface extérieure du tube central.Then, preferably, the pyrotechnic composition is contained in the annular space between the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve and the outer surface of the central tube.

Avantageusement, la tête pyrotechnique est munie d'un empenage pour former un projectile, et comporte de préférence des moyens de propulsion pour former une roquette.Advantageously, the pyrotechnic head is provided with a tail unit to form a projectile, and preferably comprises propulsion means to form a rocket.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, non limitative de l'invention, et au vu du dessin annexé sur lequel :

  • les figures 1A et 1B illustrent l'état de la technique,
  • les figures 2A et 2B illustrent le procédé selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est une coupe axiale prise dans un plan contenant l'axe de symétrie d'une tête pyrotechnique conforme à une première variante de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est une coupe transversale selon le trait de coupe IV-IV de la figure 3,
  • la figure 5 est une coupe axiale prise dans un plan contenant l'axe de symétrie d'une tête pyrotechnique conforme à une deuxième variante de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 6 est une coupe transversale selon le trait de coupe VI-VI de la figure 5,
  • la figure 7 montre en section droite un cordeau détonant de découpage,
  • les figures 8 et 9 sont des vues semblables à la figure 7 montrant l'effet de la détonation du cordeau sur une paroi,
  • la figure 10 illustre l'effet sur la tête pyrotechnique de la détonation de l'ensemble des cordeaux.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows, which does not limit the invention, and in the light of the appended drawing in which:
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrate the state of the art,
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate the method according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 is an axial section taken in a plane containing the axis of symmetry of a pyrotechnic head according to a first alternative embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section along the section line IV-IV of FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is an axial section taken in a plane containing the axis of symmetry of a pyrotechnic head according to a second variant embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 6 is a cross section along the section line VI-VI of FIG. 5,
  • FIG. 7 shows in cross section a detonating cutting cord,
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are views similar to FIG. 7 showing the effect of the detonation of the cord on a wall,
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the effect on the pyrotechnic head of the detonation of all of the cords.

La description des figures 1A et 1B illustrant l'état de la technique ne sera pas reprise plus en détail.The description of Figures 1A and 1B illustrating the state of the art will not be repeated in more detail.

On a représenté sur la figure 2A une menace référencée C, par exemple un véhicule blindé, et une zone à protéger référencée P. Le procédé selon l'invention vise à déployer sur la menace C une substance neutralisante référencée S, adaptée à adhérer à la menace et suivre celle-ci dans sa progression éventuelle. Ainsi, malgré le déplacement de la menace C conformément à la flèche de la figure 2B, la substance neutralisante S est emportée par la menace et continue d'agir sur celle-ci pour former un écran E. La substance neutralisante S est de préférence active dans les domaines optiques du visible, de l'infrarouge et agit par saturation ou absorption.FIG. 2A shows a threat referenced C, for example an armored vehicle, and an area to be protected referenced P. The method according to the invention aims to deploy on threat C a neutralizing substance referenced S, adapted to adhere to the threat and follow it in its possible progression. Thus, despite the displacement of threat C in accordance with the arrow in FIG. 2B, the neutralizing substance S is carried away by the threat and continues to act on it to form a screen E. The neutralizing substance S is preferably active in the visible and infrared optical domains and acts by saturation or absorption.

Ainsi, l'écran E empêche tout contact visuel de la zone à protéger P depuis la menace C et perturbe le fonctionnement d'éventuels capteurs opérant dans l'infrarouge qui seraient utilisés depuis la menace C. La substance neutralisante comprend à cet effet, selon l'invention, un gel fumigène référencé G, apte à adhérer à la menace et à générer en brûlant des fumées formant écran.Thus, the screen E prevents any visual contact of the zone to be protected P from the threat C and disturbs the functioning of any sensors operating in the infrared which would be used since the threat C. The neutralizing substance comprises for this purpose, according to the invention, a smoke gel referenced G, capable of adhering to the threat and generating by burning fumes forming a screen.

Avantageusement, le gel fumigène G résulte de la dilution d'un hydrocarbure aliphatique ou aromatique dans un polychloroprène, par exemple du néoprène, dans des proportions comprises entre 50 et 400 g de néoprène par litre d'hydrocarbure.Advantageously, the fumigant gel G results from the dilution of an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon in a polychloroprene, for example neoprene, in proportions of between 50 and 400 g of neoprene per liter of hydrocarbon.

De préférence, le gel fumigène G comprend une composition à base de phosphore rouge ou toute autre substance équivalente connue de l'homme de l'art qui sature en brûlant le fonctionnement d'un ou plusieurs capteurs utilisés par la menace.Preferably, the smoke gel G comprises a composition based on red phosphorus or any other equivalent substance known to those skilled in the art which saturates by burning the operation of one or more sensors used by the threat.

Avantageusement, une poudre à base de métaux réducteurs tels que du magnésium ou de l'aluminium est incorporée au gel fumigène G pour activer la combustion de celui-ci.Advantageously, a powder based on reducing metals such as magnesium or aluminum is incorporated into the fumigant gel G to activate the combustion thereof.

L'invention concerne également une tête pyrotechnique.The invention also relates to a pyrotechnic head.

On a représenté sur la figure 3 en coupe axiale prise dans un plan contenant l'axe de symétrie, une tête pyrotechnique conforme à une première variante de réalisation de l'invention. La tête pyrotechnique est référencée dans son ensemble 300.There is shown in Figure 3 in axial section taken in a plane containing the axis of symmetry, a pyrotechnic head according to a first embodiment of the invention. The pyrotechnic head is referenced as a whole 300.

L'axe de symétrie de la tête pyrotechnique 300, référencé X, est contenu dans le plan de coupe de la figure 3. La tête pyrotechnique 300 comporte une enveloppe symétrique de révolution autour de l'axe X, comprenant un étui tubulaire 310 fermé à une première extrémité 311 par une calotte 320 arrondie.The axis of symmetry of the pyrotechnic head 300, referenced X, is contained in the cutting plane of FIG. 3. The pyrotechnic head 300 comprises a symmetrical envelope of revolution around the axis X, comprising a tubular case 310 closed at a first end 311 by a rounded cap 320.

L'étui tubulaire 310 se prolonge à l'extrémité 312 opposée à la première extrémité 311 par une partie tronconique 313 convergent en éloignement de la première extrémité 311 et terminée par une jupe cylindrique 314 s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe X.The tubular case 310 extends at the end 312 opposite the first end 311 by a frustoconical part 313 converging away from the first end 311 and terminated by a cylindrical skirt 314 extending parallel to the axis X.

La calotte 320 comprend une partie arrondie 321 en forme de paraboloïde prolongée par une jupe cylindrique 322 de diamètre externe sensiblement égal au diamètre intérieur de l'étui 310. En variante, la partie arrondie 321 présente une surface externe hémisphérique.The cap 320 comprises a rounded part 321 in the form of a paraboloid extended by a cylindrical skirt 322 of external diameter substantially equal to the internal diameter of the case 310. As a variant, the rounded part 321 has a hemispherical external surface.

De préférence, la jupe cylindrique 322 est filetée sur son flanc extérieur et vient s'engager par vissage dans un taraudage correspondant prévu sur la surface interne 315 de l'étui 310 au voisinage de la première extrémité 311. Une collerette annulaire 328 est prévue sur le flanc externe de la jupe cylindrique 322, faisant radialement saillie sur ce flanc et destinée à venir en appui sur le bord libre 316 de la première extrémité 311 de l'étui 310 lorsque la calotte 320 est engagée par vissage dans celui-ci.Preferably, the cylindrical skirt 322 is threaded on its outer flank and engages by screwing in a corresponding tapping provided on the internal surface 315 of the case 310 in the vicinity of the first end 311. An annular flange 328 is provided on the external flank of the cylindrical skirt 322, projecting radially from this flank and intended to come to bear on the free edge 316 of the first end 311 of the case 310 when the cap 320 is engaged by screwing therein.

La calotte 320 est avantageusement tronquée en son sommet, et elle est munie extérieurement d'un alésage 325 taraudé, centré sur l'axe X, de diamètre inférieur au diamètre de la section tronquée. L'alésage 325 traverse de préférence la calotte 320.The cap 320 is advantageously truncated at its top, and it is provided externally with a tapped bore 325, centered on the axis X, of diameter less than the diameter of the truncated section. The bore 325 preferably crosses the cap 320.

Un bouchon 330, symétrique de révolution, est prévu pour s'engager dans l'alésage 325 et fermer la calotte 320. Le bouchon 330 comporte un corps cylindrique 332 fileté, destiné à s'engager par une extrémité avant 330 par vissage dans l'alésage 325 de la calotte 320. On peut proposer sans sortir du cadre de l'invention de fixer le bouchon 330 sur la calotte 320 par d'autres moyens de fixation équivalents. Le corps cylindrique 332 du bouchon 330 se prolonge à son extrémité arrière opposée à l'extrémité avant par une tête en forme de dôme 333 symétrique de révolution, comportant une base 334 plane destinée à reposer sur la surface tronquée 326 de la calotte 320.A plug 330, symmetrical of revolution, is provided for engaging in the bore 325 and closing the cap 320. The plug 330 comprises a threaded cylindrical body 332, intended to engage by a front end 330 by screwing into the bore 325 of the cap 320. It is possible without departing from the scope of the invention to fix the plug 330 on the cap 320 by other equivalent fixing means. The cylindrical body 332 of the stopper 330 is extended at its rear end opposite the front end by a dome-shaped head 333 symmetrical in revolution, comprising a flat base 334 intended to rest on the truncated surface 326 of the cap 320.

Avantageusement, la tête 333 a une surface externe arrondie et vient avantageusement remplacer la surface externe de la portion tronquée de la calotte 320. Le corps cylindrique 332 est muni en son extrémité avant 3300 d'un alésage borgne 336 centré sur l'axe X et débouchant vers l'étui 310.Advantageously, the head 333 has a rounded external surface and advantageously replaces the external surface of the truncated portion of the cap 320. The cylindrical body 332 is provided at its front end 3300 with a blind bore 336 centered on the axis X and leading to the case 310.

Une cannelure annulaire 329 est avantageusement prévue, comme représenté, sur le flanc extérieur de la jupe cylindrique 322 pour accueillir un joint d'étanchéité 327, interposé entre la calotte 320 et l'étui 310.An annular groove 329 is advantageously provided, as shown, on the outer flank of the cylindrical skirt 322 to accommodate a seal 327, interposed between the cap 320 and the case 310.

L'étui 310 est fermé à sa deuxième extrémité 312 par un bouchon cylindrique 340, fileté sur son flanc externe et destiné à s'engager par vissage dans un taraudage prévu sur le flanc interne de la jupe 314. Le bouchon 340 comprend avantageusement un fond constitué par un disque plan 341, prolongé à sa périphérie par une jupe cylindrique 342 perpendiculaire au plan du disque 341.The case 310 is closed at its second end 312 by a cylindrical plug 340, threaded on its external flank and intended to engage by screwing in a thread provided on the internal flank of the skirt 314. The plug 340 advantageously comprises a bottom constituted by a flat disc 341, extended at its periphery by a cylindrical skirt 342 perpendicular to the plane of the disc 341.

Une cannelure annulaire 345 est de préférence prévue sur le flanc externe de la jupe 342 pour accueillir un joint d'étanchéité 347, interposé entre le bouchon 340 et l'étui 310.An annular groove 345 is preferably provided on the external flank of the skirt 342 to receive a seal 347, interposed between the plug 340 and the case 310.

Un alésage borgne 343 centré sur l'axe X, débouchant en regard de la calotte 320, est prévu sur le fond 341 du bouchon 340.A blind bore 343 centered on the X axis, opening facing the cap 320, is provided on the bottom 341 of the plug 340.

La tête pyrotechnique 300 comprend également un tube central 350, centré sur l'axe X, et emmanché à ses extrémités dans les alésages 336 et 343 prévus sur les bouchons 330 et 340.The pyrotechnic head 300 also comprises a central tube 350, centered on the axis X, and fitted at its ends in the bores 336 and 343 provided on the plugs 330 and 340.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, une cloison séparatrice transversale 360, symétrique de révolution autour de l'axe X est prévue à l'intérieur de la tête 300 et s'étend entre la surface extérieure 351 du tube central 350 et la surface interne 315 de l'étui 310.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, a transverse dividing partition 360, symmetrical of revolution around the axis X is provided inside the head 300 and extends between the outer surface 351 of the central tube 350 and the surface internal 315 of the case 310.

Dans la variante de réalisation de l'invention conforme à la figure 3, la cloison 360 a la forme d'un cône 361 tronqué, prolongée à chaque extrémité par des jupes cylindriques 362 et 363, parallèles à l'axe de symétrie de la portion tronconique 361, confondu avec l'axe X. La portion tronconique 361 est inclinée sur l'axe X de préférence, comme représenté, avec un angle compris entre 20 et 40°. Nous référençons 362 la jupe cylindrique de plus grand diamètre et 363 la jupe cylindrique de plus petit diamètre.In the alternative embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 3, the partition 360 has the shape of a truncated cone 361, extended at each end by cylindrical skirts 362 and 363, parallel to the axis of symmetry of the portion frustoconical 361, coincident with the axis X. The frustoconical portion 361 is inclined on the axis X preferably, as shown, with an angle between 20 and 40 °. We reference 362 the cylindrical skirt of larger diameter and 363 the cylindrical skirt of smaller diameter.

La jupe 362 possède avantageusement un bord libre 364 recourbé en regard de l'axe X.The skirt 362 advantageously has a free edge 364 curved opposite the axis X.

La jupe 363 a un diamètre intérieur correspondant au diamètre externe du tube central 350, tandis que la jupe 362 a un diamètre extérieur correspondant au diamètre interne de l'étui 310.The skirt 363 has an internal diameter corresponding to the external diameter of the central tube 350, while the skirt 362 has an external diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of the case 310.

La jupe 363 est engagée sur le tube central 350 et le bord libre 364 est engagé dans un logement prévu sur le flanc externe de la jupe cylindrique 322 au voisinage du bord libre 3200 de la calotte 320.The skirt 363 is engaged on the central tube 350 and the free edge 364 is engaged in a housing provided on the external flank of the cylindrical skirt 322 in the vicinity of the free edge 3200 of the cap 320.

De cette façon, la calotte 320 maintient plaquée contre la surface interne 315 de l'étui 310 la jupe 362 de la cloison séparatrice 360.In this way, the cap 320 keeps pressed against the internal surface 315 of the case 310 the skirt 362 of the separating partition 360.

La cloison 360 délimite deux compartiments à l'intérieur de la tête pyrotechnique 300 :

  • . un compartiment principal 301, tourné vers la concavité de la cloison 360, soit à gauche de la cloison 360 sur la figure 3, et
  • . un compartiment auxiliaire 302, délimité par la convexité de la cloison 360, c'est-à-dire situé à droite de la cloison 360 sur la figure 3.
The partition 360 delimits two compartments inside the pyrotechnic head 300:
  • . a main compartment 301, facing the concavity of the partition 360, that is to the left of the partition 360 in FIG. 3, and
  • . an auxiliary compartment 302, delimited by the convexity of the partition 360, that is to say located to the right of the partition 360 in FIG. 3.

Dans cette configuration avantageuse, le compartiment principal 301 est tourné vers l'intérieur de la cloison 360. Le compartiment principal accueille avantageusement un gel fumigène G tel que précédemment décrit. De préférence, le compartiment secondaire 302 accueille une composition pyrotechnique F qui sera décrite en détail par la suite. Le compartiment principal 301 correspond de préférence aux deux tiers environ du volume interne contenu par l'enveloppe formée par la réunion de l'étui 310 et de la calotte 320. La tête pyrotechnique 300 comporte également des moyens de dispersion logés à l'intérieur du tube 350 qui seront décrits plus en détail par la suite. Ces moyens de dispersion sont constitués de préférence par des cordeaux détonants de découpage 1000, visibles sur la coupe transversale de la figure 4, et s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe X.In this advantageous configuration, the main compartment 301 is turned towards the inside of the partition 360. The main compartment advantageously accommodates a smoke smoke gel G as described above. Preferably, the secondary compartment 302 accommodates a pyrotechnic composition F which will be described in detail below. The main compartment 301 preferably corresponds to about two thirds of the internal volume contained by the envelope formed by the union of the case 310 and the cap 320. The pyrotechnic head 300 also includes dispersing means housed inside the tube 350 which will be described in more detail below. These dispersing means are preferably constituted by detonating cutting cords 1000, visible on the cross section of FIG. 4, and extending parallel to the axis X.

On a représenté sur la figure 5 une deuxième variante de réalisation d'une tête pyrotechnique 500 conforme à l'invention. La tête pyrotechnique 500 comporte un étui cylindrique 510 semblable à l'étui 310 de la tête pyrotechnique 300 et qui ne sera par conséquent pas décrit plus en détail. L'étui 510 est fermé à une première extrémité 511 par une calotte 520 tronquée en son sommet, analogue à la calotte 320 de la première variante de réalisation de l'invention, et fermée par un bouchon 530. Les références 514, 515 correspondent à des parties semblables à celles de l'étui 310, qui ont été référencées 314 et 315 sur la figure 3. A la différence du bouchon 330 décrit lors de la première variante de réalisation de l'invention, conforme à la figure 3, le bouchon 530 ne comporte pas d'alésage sur son corps cylindrique.FIG. 5 shows a second alternative embodiment of a pyrotechnic head 500 according to the invention. The pyrotechnic head 500 comprises a cylindrical case 510 similar to the case 310 of the pyrotechnic head 300 and which will therefore not be described in more detail. The case 510 is closed at a first end 511 by a cap 520 truncated at its top, similar to cap 320 of the first embodiment of the invention, and closed by a plug 530. The references 514, 515 correspond to parts similar to those of the case 310, which have have been referenced 314 and 315 in FIG. 3. Unlike the plug 330 described during the first embodiment of the invention, in accordance with FIG. 3, the plug 530 does not have a bore on its cylindrical body.

L'étui 510 est fermé à sa deuxième extrémité 512 opposée à l'extrémité 511 par un bouchon 540 engagé sur l'étui 510 d'une façon similaire à l'engagement du bouchon 340 sur l'étui 310. Le bouchon 540 comporte un fond 541 muni d'un alésage 543 traversant le fond 541. Un manchon cylindrique 546 centré sur l'axe X, de diamètre interne correspondant au diamètre de l'alésage 543, se raccorde sur la face du fond 541 disposée en regard de la calotte 520. Le manchon 546 se raccorde sur le fond 541 du bouchon 540 avec une surface extérieure en retrait vers l'axe X pour former une gorge circulaire externe 548.The case 510 is closed at its second end 512 opposite the end 511 by a stopper 540 engaged on the case 510 in a similar manner to the engagement of the stopper 340 on the case 310. The stopper 540 comprises a bottom 541 provided with a bore 543 passing through the bottom 541. A cylindrical sleeve 546 centered on the axis X, of internal diameter corresponding to the diameter of the bore 543, is connected to the face of the bottom 541 disposed opposite the cap 520. The sleeve 546 is connected to the bottom 541 of the plug 540 with an outer surface recessed towards the axis X to form an external circular groove 548.

Un tube central 550 d'axe X et de diamètre externe correspondant au diamètre interne de l'alésage 543 est engagé par une extrémité 5500 dans le manchon 546 et l'alésage 543.A central tube 550 of axis X and of external diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of the bore 543 is engaged by an end 5500 in the sleeve 546 and the bore 543.

Un deuxième tube cylindrique 560 de diamètre interne correspondant au diamètre externe du manchon 546 est engagé par une extrémité 5600 sur celui-ci et serti sur la gorge 548. Une cannelure annulaire 549 pratiquée sur la surface externe du manchon 546 sert à accueillir un joint d'étanchéité 549, interposé entre le manchon 546 et le tube 560. Le tube cylindrique 560 est fermé à l'extrémité 5601 opposée à l'extrémité 5600 par un bouchon 570 comportant un fond 571 ayant la forme d'un disque plan prolongé à sa périphérie par une jupe cylindrique 572 perpendiculaire au fond 571 et s'étendant en direction de la calotte 520. L'extrémité libre 574 de la jupe cylindrique 572 est chanfreinée sur son flanc extérieur. Le bord libre 565 de l'extrémité 5601 du tube cylindrique 560 est serti sur le bord chanfreiné 574 de la jupe 572.A second cylindrical tube 560 of internal diameter corresponding to the external diameter of the sleeve 546 is engaged by an end 5600 on the latter and crimped on the groove 548. An annular groove 549 formed on the external surface of the sleeve 546 serves to receive a gasket seal 549, interposed between the sleeve 546 and the tube 560. The cylindrical tube 560 is closed at the end 5601 opposite the end 5600 by a plug 570 comprising a bottom 571 having the shape of a flat disc extended at its periphery by a cylindrical skirt 572 perpendicular to the bottom 571 and extending in the direction of the cap 520. The free end 574 of the cylindrical skirt 572 is chamfered on its outer flank. The free edge 565 of the end 5601 of the cylindrical tube 560 is crimped onto the chamfered edge 574 of the skirt 572.

Avantageusement, le fond 571 du bouchon 570 vient s'appliquer sur la section libre circulaire du tube central 550 et maintient celui-ci engagé dans le manchon 546. Une cannelure annulaire 573 est prévue sur le flanc externe de la jupe cylindrique 572 pour accueillir un joint d'étanchéité 577 interposé entre le bouchon 570 et le tube cylindrique 560.Advantageously, the bottom 571 of the plug 570 is applied to the free circular section of the central tube 550 and keeps the latter engaged in the sleeve 546. An annular groove 573 is provided on the external side of the cylindrical skirt 572 to receive a seal 577 interposed between the plug 570 and the cylindrical tube 560.

L'espace compris entre la réunion des surface intérieure 515 de l'étui 510 et surface intérieure de la calotte 520, et la surface extérieure 5603 du tube cylindrique 560 définit un compartiment principal 501 qui contient un gel fumigène G tel que précédemment décrit. L'espace annulaire entre le tube central 550 et le tube cylindrique 560 fermé en ses extrémités par le bouchon 570 et le manchon 546 contient avantageusement une composition pyrotechnique référencée F dont la fonction va être décrite plus en détail par la suite.The space between the meeting of the interior surface 515 of the case 510 and the interior surface of the cap 520, and the exterior surface 5603 of the cylindrical tube 560 defines a main compartment 501 which contains a smoke gel G as described above. The annular space between the central tube 550 and the cylindrical tube 560 closed at its ends by the plug 570 and the sleeve 546 advantageously contains a pyrotechnic composition referenced F whose function will be described in more detail below.

On remarque à l'examen de la figure 6 qui est une vue en coupe selon le trait de coupe VI-VI de la figure 5 que le tube central 550 est parcouru par des cordeaux détonants 1000 disposés parallèlement à l'axe X. Les cordeaux détonants 1000 sont également visibles sur la figure 4. On distingue trois cordeaux 1000 ayant une section droite en forme de V, équirépartis sur la périphérie interne du tube central, leur base élargie au contact de la surface interne du tube 550.Note on examining FIG. 6 which is a sectional view along the section line VI-VI in FIG. 5 that the central tube 550 is traversed by detonating cords 1000 arranged parallel to the axis X. The cords detonants 1000 are also visible in FIG. 4. There are three cords 1000 having a V-shaped cross section, equally distributed on the internal periphery of the central tube, their base widened in contact with the internal surface of the tube 550.

On a représenté sur la figure 7, une vue schématique en section droite d'un cordeau détonant de découpage 1000. Le cordeau est constitué par une gaine métallique 1100 de section essentiellement triangulaire, comportant deux flancs inclinés entre eux d'un angle voisin de 60°, de sommet 1200 arrondi convexe vers l'extérieur et de base 1300 concave vers l'extérieur, symétrique par rapport à un plan bissecteur P passant par le sommet 1200, qui est aussi plan de symétrie pour la gaine. La gaine est chargée d'un explosif 1400. La concavité tournée vers l'extérieur de la base de la gaine 1100 assure la concentration de la puissance explosive dans le plan bissecteur P, qui est avantageusement confondu avec un plan diamétral d'une tête pyrotechnique conforme à l'invention. Cette gaine métallique 1100 est avantageusement réalisée en plomb et l'explosif 1400 est avantageusement de l'hexogène.FIG. 7 shows a schematic view in cross section of a detonating cutting cord 1000. The cord is constituted by a metal sheath 1100 of essentially triangular section, comprising two sides inclined between them at an angle close to 60 °, with apex 1200 rounded convex towards the outside and base 1300 concave towards the outside, symmetrical with respect to a bisector plane P passing through the apex 1200, which is also plane of symmetry for the sheath. The sheath is charged with an explosive 1400. The concavity facing outwards from the base of the sheath 1100 ensures the concentration of the explosive power in the bisector plane P, which is advantageously confused with a diametral plane of a pyrotechnic head according to the invention. This metal sheath 1100 is advantageously made of lead and the explosive 1400 is advantageously hexogen.

Le choix de la quantité d'explosif 1400 contenu dans la gaine 1100 permet d'adapter la puissance des cordeaux à la dispersion voulue pour la tête pyrotechnique.The choice of the quantity of explosive 1400 contained in the sheath 1100 makes it possible to adapt the power of the cords to the dispersion desired for the pyrotechnic head.

Les figures 8 et 9 illustrent le comportement de la gaine 1100 sous l'effet de la détonation de l'explosif 1400. On remarque à l'examen de la figure 8 que sous l'effet de la détonation, la base de la gaine 1100 du cordeau 1000 est projetée vers la paroi d'un tube 350 ou 550 précédemment décrit pour former un dard 1500 qui la transperse, comme illustré sur la figure 9.FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the behavior of the sheath 1100 under the effect of the detonation of the explosive 1400. It is noted on examining FIG. 8 that under the effect of the detonation, the base of the sheath 1100 cord 1000 is projected towards the wall of a tube 350 or 550 previously described to form a dart 1500 which crosses it, as illustrated in FIG. 9.

Le fonctionnement de la tête pyrotechnique est le suivant : des moyens de mise à feu non représentés (avantageusement un percuteur à inertie), amorcent la détonation des cordeaux détonants de découpage 1000. La détonation initiée à une extrémité des cordeaux 1000, située à droite sur les figures 3 et 5, se propage selon l'axe X avec une vitesse élevée, typiquement de l'ordre de 3 à 4 kilomètres par seconde. La détonation des cordeaux s'accompagne d'une montée en température et surtout en pression du tube central 350 contenant les cordeaux qui est découpé radialement par les dards 1500 à haute énergie, libérés par la détonation des cordeaux 1000. Les dards 1500 atteignent rapidement l'enveloppe d'une tête pyrotechnique conforme à l'invention, par exemple l'étui 310 de la tête 300 pour le découper selon trois lignes sensiblement parallèles à l'axe X de l'enveloppe. Sous l'effet de la pression interne, les trois fragments d'étui découpés sont éjectés radialement et le contenu de l'enveloppe se trouve dispersé selon trois lobes, dans des directions correspondant au plan bissecteur (B) de chaque dièdre ayant pour arête commune l'axe X et contenant deux cordeaux, ainsi qu'illustré sur la figure 10.The operation of the pyrotechnic head is as follows: firing means not shown (advantageously an inertia striker), initiate the detonation of the detonating cutting cords 1000. The detonation initiated at one end of the cords 1000, located on the right on Figures 3 and 5, propagates along the X axis with a high speed, typically of the order of 3 to 4 kilometers per second. The detonation of the cords is accompanied by a rise in temperature and especially in pressure of the central tube 350 containing the cords which is cut radially by the high energy darts 1500, released by the detonation of the cords 1000. The darts 1500 quickly reach the envelope of a pyrotechnic head according to the invention, for example the case 310 of the head 300 for cutting it along three lines substantially parallel to the axis X of the envelope. Under the effect of internal pressure, the three cut-out case fragments are ejected radially and the contents of the envelope are dispersed in three lobes, in directions corresponding to the bisector plane (B) of each dihedron having a common edge the X axis and containing two cords, as illustrated in Figure 10.

Avantageusement, la tête pyrotechnique 300 ou 500 est munie en son extrémité 312 ou 512 d'un empenage pour former un projectile.Advantageously, the pyrotechnic head 300 or 500 is provided at its end 312 or 512 with a tail unit to form a projectile.

L'empenage peut par exemple être rapporté sur l'étui 310 ou 510 par vissage sur un filetage pratiqué sur le flanc externe des jupes 314 ou 514.The empennage can for example be attached to the case 310 or 510 by screwing on a thread made on the external flank of the skirts 314 or 514.

De préférence, la tête pyrotechnique 300 ou 500 comporte de plus des moyens de propulsion non représentés pour former une roquette.Preferably, the pyrotechnic head 300 or 500 further comprises propulsion means not shown to form a rocket.

La composition pyrotechnique F comporte de préférence un mélange pulvérulant d'une composition réductrice et oxydante dont l'amorçage en réaction est obtenu par la détonation des cordeaux et qui produit en réagissant un fort éclair lumineux destiné à éblouir, voire aveugler.The pyrotechnic composition F preferably comprises a pulverulent mixture of a reducing and oxidizing composition, the initiation of which in reaction is obtained by the detonation of the cords and which produced by reacting a strong luminous flash intended to dazzle, even to blind.

Une tête pyrotechnique selon l'invention présente une structure simple qui offre de nombreux avantages, notamment légèreté et robustesse.A pyrotechnic head according to the invention has a simple structure which offers numerous advantages, in particular lightness and robustness.

L'utilisation de cordeaux détonants de découpage grâce à leur double action de découpage et de dispersion permet d'une part de découper d'une façon très efficace l'enveloppe de la tête neutralisante et d'autre part d'envoyer dans des conditions avantageuses la substance neutralisante au contact de la menace. On assure notamment un bon recouvrement de la menace par la substance neutralisante, donc une bonne adhérence de celle-ci de façon prolongée dans le temps. Ainsi, la substance neutralisante suit la menace lors de sa progression et son effet n'est pas affecté de façon notable par le vent puisqu'elle est portée par la menace elle-même.The use of detonating cutting cords thanks to their double cutting and dispersing action makes it possible on the one hand to cut the envelope of the neutralizing head very efficiently and on the other hand to send under advantageous conditions the neutralizing substance in contact with the threat. It ensures in particular a good recovery of the threat by the neutralizing substance, therefore a good adhesion of the latter for a prolonged period of time. Thus, the neutralizing substance follows the threat as it progresses and its effect is not significantly affected by the wind since it is carried by the threat itself.

L'utilisation d'un gel fumigène G adapté pour adhérer à la menace permet par ailleurs de générer efficacement un écran dans les longueurs d'onde du domaine visible et infrarouge, et le gel fumigène produit, en se consummant, un fort rayonnement infrarouge qui sature le fonctionnement de capteurs opérant dans cette partie du spectre. On neutralise ainsi de façon efficace et prolongée les moyens d'orientation et les armes portées par la menace qui fonctionnent dans le domaine visible et/ou infrarouge. Enfin, l'utilisation combinée du gel fumigène G et de la composition pyrotechnique F éblouissante procure une efficacité accrue.The use of a smoke smoke gel G adapted to adhere to the threat also makes it possible to effectively generate a screen in the wavelengths of the visible and infrared range, and the smoke smoke gel produces, when consumed, a strong infrared radiation which saturates the operation of sensors operating in this part of the spectrum. This effectively and prolonged neutralizes the means of guidance and the weapons carried by the threat which operate in the visible and / or infrared domain. Finally, the combined use of the fumigant gel G and the dazzling pyrotechnic composition F provides increased efficiency.

Claims (19)

1/ Procédé de neutralisation d'une menace (C), du type comprenant l'étape qui consiste à déployer une substance neutralisante formant écran (E) entre la menace (C) et une zone à protéger (P), dans lequel on envoie sur la menace (C) une substance neutralisante (S) apte à adhérer à celle-ci, caractérisé en ce que la substance neutralisante comprend un gel fumigène. 1 / Method for neutralizing a threat (C), of the type comprising the step which consists in deploying a neutralizing substance forming a screen (E) between the threat (C) and an area to be protected (P), to which we send on the threat (C) a neutralizing substance (S) able to adhere thereto, characterized in that the neutralizing substance comprises a smoke gel. 2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le gel (G) agit dans au moins l'un des domaines optiques suivants : visible, infrarouge. 2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gel (G) acts in at least one of the following optical fields: visible, infrared. 3/ Procédé selon la revendications 2, caractérisé en ce que le gel (G) agit par absorption. 3 / A method according to claims 2, characterized in that the gel (G) acts by absorption. 4/ Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que le gel (G) agit par saturation. 4 / Method according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the gel (G) acts by saturation. 5/ Tête pyrotechnique du type comportant une enveloppe (310, 320 ; 510, 520), une substance neutralisante (S) contenue dans l'enveloppe et des moyens de dispersion pour envoyer entre une menace (C) et une zone à protéger la substance neutralisante (S), cette substance étant adaptée à adhérer à la menace, caractérisée en ce que la substance neutralisante (S) comprend un gel fumigène. 5 / Pyrotechnic head of the type comprising an envelope (310, 320; 510, 520), a neutralizing substance (S) contained in the envelope and dispersing means to send between a threat (C) and an area to protect the substance neutralizer (S), this substance being adapted to adhere to the threat, characterized in that the neutralizing substance (S) comprises a smoke gel. 6/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le gel (G) agit dans au moins l'un des domaines optiques suivants : visible, infrarouge. 6 / pyrotechnic head according to claim 5, characterized in that the gel (G) acts in at least one of the following optical fields: visible, infrared. 7/ Tête pyrotechnique selon l'une des revendications 5 et 6, caractérisée en ce que le gel (G) agit par absorption. 7 / Pyrotechnic head according to one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the gel (G) acts by absorption. 8/ Tête pyrotechnique selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le gel (G) agit par saturation. 8 / Pyrotechnic head according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the gel (G) acts by saturation. 9/ Tête pyrotechnique selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la substance neutralisante (S) comprend une composition pyrotechnique (F) apte à produire, en brûlant, un fort éclair lumineux. 9 / pyrotechnic head according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the neutralizing substance (S) comprises a pyrotechnic composition (F) capable of producing, on burning, a strong light flash. 10/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le gel fumigène (G) et la composition pyrotechnique (F) sont placés chacun à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe respectivement dans un compartiment principal (301 ; 501) et un compartiment secondaire (302 ; 502) séparés. 10 / pyrotechnic head according to claim 9, characterized in that the smoke gel (G) and the pyrotechnic composition (F) are placed each inside the envelope respectively in a main compartment (301; 501) and a secondary compartment (302; 502) separated. 11/ Tête pyrotechnique selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de dispersion comportent des cordeaux (1000) détonants de découpage. 11 / Pyrotechnic head according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the dispersing means comprise cords (1000) detonating cutting. 12/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que les cordeaux détonants de découpage sont disposés à l'intérieur d'un tube central (350 ; 550) traversant au moins partiellement la substance neutralisante selon un axe de symétrie (X) de l'enveloppe. 12 / Pyrotechnic head according to claim 11, characterized in that the detonating cutting cords are arranged inside a central tube (350; 550) at least partially passing through the neutralizing substance along an axis of symmetry (X) of the envelope. 13/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le compartiment principal (301 ; 501) et le compartiment secondaire (302 ; 502) sont séparés par une cloison séparatrice commune (360 ; 560). 13 / Pyrotechnic head according to claim 12, characterized in that the main compartment (301; 501) and the secondary compartment (302; 502) are separated by a common separating partition (360; 560). 14/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la cloison séparatrice a la forme d'un manchon tronconique (360) de révolution autour de l'axe de symétrie (X) de l'enveloppe, emmanché à une extrémité sur le tube central (350) et en appui à l'autre extrémité sur la surface intérieure (315 ; 515) de l'enveloppe. 14 / Pyrotechnic head according to claim 13, characterized in that the separating partition has the shape of a frustoconical sleeve (360) of revolution around the axis of symmetry (X) of the envelope, fitted at one end on the central tube (350) and bearing at the other end on the inner surface (315; 515) of the envelope. 15/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que le gel fumigène (G) est contenu dans le compartiment principal (301) de l'enveloppe, bordé par l'intérieur du manchon tronconique (360). 15 / Pyrotechnic head according to claim 14, characterized in that the smoke gel (G) is contained in the main compartment (301) of the envelope, bordered by the interior of the frustoconical sleeve (360). 16/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la cloison séparatrice est un manchon cylindrique (560) de diamètre intérieur supérieur au diamètre extérieur du tube central (550), coaxial avec ce dernier. 16 / Pyrotechnic head according to claim 13, characterized in that the separating partition is a cylindrical sleeve (560) of internal diameter greater than the external diameter of the central tube (550), coaxial with the latter. 17/ Tête pyrotechnique selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que la composition pyrotechnique (F) est contenue dans l'espace annulaire compris entre la surface intérieure du manchon cylindrique (560) et la surface extérieure du tube central (550). 17 / pyrotechnic head according to claim 16, characterized in that the pyrotechnic composition (F) is contained in the annular space between the inner surface of the cylindrical sleeve (560) and the outer surface of the central tube (550). 18/ Tête pyrotechnique selon l'une des revendications 5 à 17, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est munie d'un empenage pour former un projectile. 18 / Pyrotechnic head according to one of claims 5 to 17, characterized in that it is provided with a tail unit to form a projectile. 19/ Tête pyrotechnique selon l'une des revendications 5 à 18, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte de plus des moyens de propulsion pour former une roquette. 19 / Pyrotechnic head according to one of claims 5 to 18, characterized in that it further comprises propulsion means to form a rocket.
EP19930400422 1992-02-21 1993-02-18 Method and device for neutralising a threat through the release of a neutralising substance Expired - Lifetime EP0557200B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9202036A FR2687773B1 (en) 1992-02-21 1992-02-21 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR NEUTRALIZING A THREAT BY DEPLOYING A NEUTRALIZING SUBSTANCE FORMING A SCREEN BETWEEN THE THREAT AND AN AREA TO BE PROTECTED.
FR9202036 1992-02-21

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EP0557200A1 true EP0557200A1 (en) 1993-08-25
EP0557200B1 EP0557200B1 (en) 1997-05-02

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DE (1) DE69310238T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2103442T3 (en)
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EP0791800A1 (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-27 Lynn Boyer Anti-missile missiles

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US3382800A (en) * 1964-11-09 1968-05-14 Navy Usa Linear-shaped charge chemical agent disseminator
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EP0791800A1 (en) * 1996-02-21 1997-08-27 Lynn Boyer Anti-missile missiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2687773A1 (en) 1993-08-27
ES2103442T3 (en) 1997-09-16
FR2687773B1 (en) 1995-07-13
DE69310238D1 (en) 1997-06-05
EP0557200B1 (en) 1997-05-02
DE69310238T2 (en) 1997-11-20

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