EP0548587A1 - Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0548587A1
EP0548587A1 EP92120318A EP92120318A EP0548587A1 EP 0548587 A1 EP0548587 A1 EP 0548587A1 EP 92120318 A EP92120318 A EP 92120318A EP 92120318 A EP92120318 A EP 92120318A EP 0548587 A1 EP0548587 A1 EP 0548587A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protection device
contact
spacer
surge
melting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92120318A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Walter Alex Bosshard.
Jörg Zollinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cerberus AG
Original Assignee
Cerberus AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cerberus AG filed Critical Cerberus AG
Publication of EP0548587A1 publication Critical patent/EP0548587A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surge protection device with a gas-filled surge arrester, in which there are at least two electrodes in a gas-tight housing, between which an electrically conductive connection is formed when overvoltage conditions occur, and with a thermal protection device, the surge arrester, which consists of a spring contact, an arrester contact and there is a spacer located between the two contacts which softens at elevated temperature and which creates a galvanic connection between the electrodes of the surge arrester when the surge protection device is overloaded,
  • surge protective devices are generally known. Their main task is to protect electrical devices, devices or systems against overvoltages caused by lightning, high-voltage line contact or similar. arise to protect.
  • a surge arrester which in principle consists of a gas-filled spark gap, in which at least two electrodes face each other in a gas-tight, insulated housing at a short distance and normally separate electrically conductive system parts. If overvoltages occur, which could endanger the system, a gas discharge forms between the electrodes, whereby the voltage across the protected system is reduced to the operating voltage of the gas discharge.
  • fusible elements are used, which melt when such overloads occur and either cause a permanent short circuit on or in the surge arrester or trigger another mechanism, for example a spring-loaded short-circuit bar, which establishes the short-circuit connection; these devices are referred to as “failsafe devices” or “thermal protectors”.
  • An example of a failsafe device in which a short-circuit connection is created within a gas-filled surge arrester is the surge arrester according to DE-A1-28'28'591, in which at least one of the electrodes spaced apart from one another is provided with a metal plate which melts when overloaded and creates a galvanic connection between the electrodes.
  • a failsafe device with an external short-circuit mechanism is described in DE-A1-27'38'077.
  • an additional air gap device is placed parallel to the ionizable gap, which has a melting device made of fusible material, which melts in the event of a persistent overvoltage and creates a melted path of current-conducting material between the electrodes of the overvoltage protection device.
  • DE-A1-19'22'823 describes a further failsafe device with an external short-circuit mechanism.
  • a soft solder pill is arranged next to the one electrode and holds a bracket, which is in electrically conductive connection with the other electrode, at a distance from the first electrode in the operating state.
  • the soft solder pill melts and the bracket causes the external short circuit by contact with the first electrode.
  • a solder plate can also be used.
  • a button arrester for discharging overvoltages is described, which is inserted into a holder with opposing contact springs and in which at least on one side between the metallic end piece of the button arrester and the contact spring Solder plate is arranged.
  • the latter failsafe devices have in common that the short-circuit connection is not made by the material of the metallic solder, but that an additional device effects the electrical contact by melting the solder.
  • the short-circuit connection is often made (such as the surge arresters according to DE-U1-89'10'383 and '384) via an electrical conductor in the form of a spring.
  • a major disadvantage of the known failsafe surge arrester is that when a solder pill is used, it causes contamination of the nearby system parts by melting metal.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an overvoltage protection device of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the known overvoltage protection devices and in particular to create an overvoltage protection device which, with a simple design, both at low currents (e.g. ⁇ 4 A) Guarantees a safe short circuit even with large currents (up to approx. 20 A) and has sufficient current carrying capacity.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an overvoltage protection device in which the triggering of the thermal protection device does not contaminate apparatus parts in the vicinity of the overvoltage protection device.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an overvoltage protection device which does not damage the holder and housing in the event of a short circuit and which can be pulled out of the socket after the response.
  • a preferred embodiment of the surge protection device is that the light-melting metal, which is applied to the contact springs, tin or an alloy melting at a temperature of ⁇ 300 ° C, preferably a tin / lead alloy, in particular an alloy of 63 wt. % Tin and 37% by weight lead.
  • the metal can be applied to the contact springs by plating, by melting or - preferably - galvanically.
  • the easily melting metal is applied in a layer thickness of at least 10 ⁇ m, in particular of at least 100 ⁇ m.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the surge protection device according to the invention consists in that the spacer consists of a glass fiber reinforced plastic which is dimensionally stable at normal operating temperature (up to approx. 80 ° C) and which softens slightly at elevated temperature and which is so far at a temperature of 150 to 200 ° C softens that it is compressed by the spring pressure of the contact spring so that the conductor contact and the spring contact touch. It is particularly preferred that the spacer consists of a polycarbonate and that approximately 10% glass fibers are contained in the spacer.
  • the overvoltage protection device shown in cross section on an enlarged scale in FIG. 1 consists of a commercially available, gas-filled surge arrester 1 (for example a UC 245 button arrester from CERBERUS, Switzerland) and a thermal protection device 6, 7, 8, 9.
  • gas-filled surge arrester 1 for example a UC 245 button arrester from CERBERUS, Switzerland
  • the button arrester 1 consists of a tubular ceramic insulator 11, in which the electrodes 4, 5 made of metal are inserted gas-tight at both ends.
  • the gas discharge space 13 thus formed is filled with an inert gas (e.g. an inert gas such as argon or neon).
  • An activation mass 2 for reducing the ignition voltage to a desired stable, low value is applied to the electrodes 4, 5.
  • 11 ignition aids made of electrically conductive material (e.g. graphite) are attached to the inside of the housing.
  • These lines of ignition 3 are arranged along surface lines parallel to the axis of the surge arrester and alternately connected to one of the electrodes 4, 5 and insulated from the counter electrode 5, 4.
  • the thermal protection device consists of a conductor contact 6 and a spring contact 7 held by a spacer 8 softening at an elevated temperature at a distance from the conductor contact 6.
  • the spring contact 7 is biased with a force of approximately 15 N.
  • an approximately 100 ⁇ m thick coating 9 made of a light-melting metal is applied to the side facing the conductor contact 6.
  • the spacer 8 consists of an insulating plastic.
  • a suitable material that is sufficiently dimensionally stable at normal temperature and softens at a temperature in the range from 150 to 200 ° C. is a polycarbonate that is reinforced with about 10% by weight of glass fibers. The content of glass fibers prevents the polycarbonate from dripping out of the overvoltage protection device at higher temperatures and contaminating apparatus parts.
  • the metallic coating 9 on the spring contact 7 consists of a tin / lead alloy consisting of 63% by weight of lead and 37% by weight of tin.
  • Other tin / lead alloys or a pure tin plating are also suitable for the purposes of the invention.
  • the overvoltage protection device works in such a way that there is normally no electrically conductive connection between the electrodes 4, 5.
  • a gas discharge is formed in the gas discharge space 13 of the surge arrester 1 between the electrodes 4, 5, as a result of which the voltage across the protected system is reduced to the operating voltage of the gas discharge.
  • the surge arrester 1 heats up so much that the spacer 8 softens and brings the contact spring 7 into conductive connection with the contact spring 6.
  • the coating 9 of easily melting metal on the contact spring 7 creates a permanent electrically conductive connection between the contact springs 6, 7 and thus between the electrodes 4, 5 of the surge arrester 1.
  • the spacer 8 becomes soft, but cannot drip down because of the glass fibers it contains, which prevents contamination of other parts of the apparatus.
  • the composition of the polycarbonate is chosen so that the spacer 8 softens before a serious risk to the apparatus to be protected occurs.
  • the anti-spying device can be inserted in a socket (not shown), with which it can be inserted into a holder of the apparatus to be protected. Due to the inventive design of the overvoltage protection device, this version can be removed from the holder without difficulty if the device has responded when an overvoltage occurs.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of an overvoltage protection device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale (partially) in cross section. It consists of two surge arresters 1 (e.g. the UC 245 button arrester from CERBERUS) and serves to protect two electrical connections that are to be protected against earth.
  • the two button arresters 1 are firmly connected with their one electrode 5 to a contact rail 12 which has an earth fault during operation.
  • the button arrester 1 analogous to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, is connected to one arrester contact 6 each. Via these arrester contacts 6, the electrodes 4 of the surge arrester 1 can be connected to the systems to be protected via contacts and lines (not shown).
  • the overvoltage protection device can also be mounted in a socket (not shown) which can be inserted into a correspondingly designed holder for the apparatus to be protected.
  • a contact spring 7 is mounted on the contact rail 12 and has two resilient ends; these are designed such that they face correspondingly shaped ends of the conductor contacts 6 and are normally electrically separated from these conductor contacts by the spacers 8.
  • the ends of the contact springs 7 are provided on the surface opposite the conductor contacts 6 with a coating of a tin / lead alloy (63% by weight of tin, 37% by weight of lead).
  • the spacers 8 consist of an insulating plastic which softens at a temperature in the range from 150 to 200 ° C., for example a polycarbonate, which is reinforced with about 10% by weight of glass fibers. The content of glass fibers prevents the polycarbonate from dripping out of the overvoltage protection device at higher temperatures and contaminating apparatus parts.
  • At least one of the two surge arresters 1 forms a gas discharge between the electrodes 4, 5, as a result of which the voltage across the protected system is reduced to the operating voltage of the gas discharge. If the overvoltage conditions persist for a long time so that the system to be protected could be endangered, the surge arresters 1 heat up so much that the spacers 8 soften and the contact spring 7 comes into conductive connection with the arrester contacts 6.
  • the coating 9 of easily melting metal on the ends of the contact spring 7 creates a permanent, electrically conductive connection between the conductor contacts 6 and the spring contact 7 and thus between the electrodes 4, 5 of the surge arrester 1.
  • the spacers 8 become soft, but can - even if they melt at an elevated temperature - not drip down because of the glass fibers contained therein, which prevents contamination of other parts of the apparatus.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
EP92120318A 1991-12-24 1992-11-27 Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions Withdrawn EP0548587A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3842/91 1991-12-24
CH384291A CH683048A5 (de) 1991-12-24 1991-12-24 Ueberspannungsschutzvorrichtung.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0548587A1 true EP0548587A1 (fr) 1993-06-30

Family

ID=4264651

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92120318A Withdrawn EP0548587A1 (fr) 1991-12-24 1992-11-27 Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0548587A1 (fr)
CH (1) CH683048A5 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19519785C1 (de) * 1995-05-30 1996-08-29 Quante Ag Steckbarer Überspannungsschutz
EP0809336A1 (fr) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dérivateur de surtension rempli de gaz, muni d'un dispositif de court-circuit externe
DE29702309U1 (de) * 1997-01-31 1998-06-04 Siemens AG, 80333 München Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit zwei napfartigen Elektroden
EP0847118A1 (fr) 1996-12-06 1998-06-10 Cerberus Ag Dérivateur de surtensions
EP0848467A1 (fr) * 1996-12-06 1998-06-17 Cerberus Ag Dérivateur de surtensions
DE19705097A1 (de) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-06 Siemens Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit äußerer Kurzschlußeinrichtung
WO1998037605A1 (fr) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur de surtension rempli de gaz et dote d'un court-circuiteur externe
DE102019119513A1 (de) * 2019-07-18 2021-01-21 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement und Bauelementanordnung für ein Überspannungsschutzelement

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0016242A1 (fr) * 1979-03-21 1980-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dérivateur de surtension à décharge dans un gaz à comportement sûr
DE3146787A1 (de) * 1981-11-25 1983-06-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Ueberspannungsableiter mit aeusserer kurzschlussstrecke

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0016242A1 (fr) * 1979-03-21 1980-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dérivateur de surtension à décharge dans un gaz à comportement sûr
DE3146787A1 (de) * 1981-11-25 1983-06-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Ueberspannungsableiter mit aeusserer kurzschlussstrecke

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19519785C1 (de) * 1995-05-30 1996-08-29 Quante Ag Steckbarer Überspannungsschutz
EP0746071A1 (fr) * 1995-05-30 1996-12-04 Quante Ag Dispositif enfichable de protection contre les surtensions
EP0809336A1 (fr) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dérivateur de surtension rempli de gaz, muni d'un dispositif de court-circuit externe
DE19622461A1 (de) * 1996-05-24 1997-11-27 Siemens Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit äußerer Kurzschlußeinrichtung
DE19622461B4 (de) * 1996-05-24 2005-04-21 Epcos Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit äußerer Kurzschlußeinrichtung
EP0848467A1 (fr) * 1996-12-06 1998-06-17 Cerberus Ag Dérivateur de surtensions
EP0847118A1 (fr) 1996-12-06 1998-06-10 Cerberus Ag Dérivateur de surtensions
DE19705097A1 (de) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-06 Siemens Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit äußerer Kurzschlußeinrichtung
WO1998034308A1 (fr) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions rempli de gaz et dote de deux electrodes en forme de godets
DE29702309U1 (de) * 1997-01-31 1998-06-04 Siemens AG, 80333 München Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit zwei napfartigen Elektroden
WO1998037605A1 (fr) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur de surtension rempli de gaz et dote d'un court-circuiteur externe
DE19708651A1 (de) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-03 Siemens Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit äußerer Kurzschlußeinrichtung
US6445560B1 (en) 1997-02-21 2002-09-03 Epcos Ag Gas-filled surge protector with external short-circuiting device
DE102019119513A1 (de) * 2019-07-18 2021-01-21 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement und Bauelementanordnung für ein Überspannungsschutzelement
DE102019119513B4 (de) * 2019-07-18 2021-02-25 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement und Bauelementanordnung für ein Überspannungsschutzelement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH683048A5 (de) 1993-12-31

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