EP0547467B1 - Cable drum made of composite material with replaceable side segments - Google Patents

Abstract

Copy from file HPL0028.WP51, pocket 5 with changes marked and EPO format. (Not sent to me!). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a cable drum for reeling electrical cables and lines with the cylindrical drum core consisting of core strips on which the cable layers are supported and the side walls which form the lateral boundary for the cable layers and which are composed of side segments connected to one another and with spokes and whose free outer edge is covered by an outer hoop, the outer hoop simultaneously holding the side segments together on the outside, in the middle of which there is provided an axis of rotation held by the spokes, about which the entire drum can be rotated, and wherein the spokes simultaneously connect the outer hoop and the drum body and in turn as Bracket for sandwich panels serving as side segments.

Cables are often used as support elements for bridges, anchor chains and the like. Ä. Things used. These numerous individual wires of such cables give such a wire rope high strength, with a corresponding number of such wires being joined to form an overall structure, depending on the load-bearing capacity. Especially for the transport of electricity, electrical cables with a large number of copper wires are provided, which, like the cables provided as support elements, are wound up for intermediate storage and transport on cable drums, with appropriate arrangement ensuring that the individual layers do not influence one another or even endanger. Regardless of the type of cable, such a cable drum must be suitable for secure storage and support of the individual cable layers and, moreover, be so stable that it can be used both as a work drum and as a circulation drum, ie for transport from the manufacturer to the customer. Cylindrical cable drums are mostly used because they can be unrolled on the floor or rotated around an axis, so that the cables can be easily and easily placed or unrolled. Regarding the area of application As a work drum or circulating drum, almost no differences have been made in known drums. They look similar to the cable drum known from DE-OS 38 42 162, in which the side walls are made of wood. For this purpose, the individual boards are connected to one another, partly overlapping and transversely to one another, in order to create sufficiently stable walls in this way. The drum body itself consists of individual boards, which are each attached to the ring or connected to a ring on the narrow sides, so that the correspondingly stable cylinder results, the boards being referred to as core strips. The electric drums intended for use in the factory must have particular stability, so that the use of walls made of metal is known here. However, these have the problem that the side walls can deform, so that it is no longer possible to wind the cables properly. A disadvantage of the cable drums as a whole is that they are made from a relatively valuable material, with the fact that not every wood is suitable for processing. Only with high-quality wood is it ensured that it will not flake, crack or chip under the appropriate stress. In particular during transport both in the factory and during transport to the customer, forklifts or the like can damage the side walls in particular. A complete exchange of the side walls is then usually required in the known cable drums. The repair effort is considerable. The same also applies to drums having plastic sandwich plates according to EP 0 263 787-A1 and DE-GM 90 06 795 and EP 0 150 356-A1, because the plates are firmly screwed to the spokes. When hitting the floor, the segments / plates are easily destroyed and must then be replaced.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a circulating drum and, in case of doubt, also as particularly to be stabilized Factory drum to create usable cable drum that is easy to repair and at the same time user-friendly and can expect a long service life.

The object is achieved in that the outer hoop has a releasable connection, that the spokes have a groove embedded in the side edges on both sides and that the sandwich plates have corresponding edges which are designed as springs.

With such a cable drum, the necessary reeling and reeling work can be carried out in the manufacturing plant as well as the transport, in particular the electrical cable, to the customer or customer. Advantageously, the spokes give the side walls sufficient stability, on the one hand, and flexibility in the side walls comparable to the wooden cable drums, in the longitudinal direction of the spokes. As a result, the cable drum during transport, when removed from the truck, for example, but also during the rolling process, is acted on in such a way that damage or overloading of the side walls cannot occur.

The cable drum is designed so that the spokes have a groove embedded in the side edge on both sides and that the sandwich plates have corresponding edges that are designed as tongues, which gives the side walls the advantageous flexibility in the plane of the side walls, because the sandwich plates are virtually in the spokes - and can be pushed or moved back and forth. The sandwich panels are only supported and fixed by the outer hoop and the inner inner hoop. When opening such a cable drum, for example, even if it is occupied with a corresponding number of cable layers, would not be destroyed because of the entire side wall or at giving way to the side walls. It is also the case that handling and repair are easy, because by simply loosening the outer tire the possibly damaged sandwich panels can be replaced by simply pulling them out of their tongue and groove connection. Damage to the side walls and thus to the individual sandwich panels can occur in particular through the forks of the forklift trucks if the individual cable drum has to be removed from the truck, for example.

In the case of the work drum in particular, the stiffening is preferably improved in that the sandwich panels have corresponding sawtooth-engaging side edges with the adjacent panels. This interlocking of the stiffening plates with one another results in an advantageous partial overlap and thus a gain in stability, since each of the individual spokes is automatically connected to two such sandwich plates, whereby advantageous reinforcement is also achieved, particularly in the radial direction. If no screw connections are made, the overlaps still increase the stability of the individual sandwich panel while maintaining flexibility.

To support the individual core strips or the entire drum body, it is advantageous if the spokes and the sandwich panels on the inside facing the drum body have an attachment supporting the core strips and that a U-shaped support ring is provided to accommodate the core strips. In particular, for the circulating drum, an advantageous support of the drum body is ensured, so that damage to the drum body or the entire cable drum is generally not to be feared even when a truck falls down, because sufficient flexibility is nevertheless given for a given flexibility or flexibility Support of the drum body attached at right angles to it is given.

The necessary rigidity in the case of particularly reinforced work drums is also specified in the transition area between core strips and side walls, in that the core strips of the drum body and the inner disk or the inner tire are designed to interlock and are connected to one another by means of tensioning screws. Clamping screws of this type are also used for the circulating drum, but in the work drum they are primarily used to firmly fit the core strips and the side walls together.

The production of the corresponding plates and other parts from plastic is easy because practically only one mold is required for each. The individual parts only have to adapt to different sizes. For a cable drum or a cable drum type, however, there is the great advantage that the entire drum is composed of only a few components. In order not to contribute to a new environmental impact by appropriate plastics, the invention provides that the sandwich panels and the other plastic parts made of 30 to 90% polyurethane containing, preferably premixed with hard integral foam granules and crushed to less than 10 mm, with binder (isocyanate ) finely dusted and then pre-compressed at about 2 NN / mm ² and post-compressed at a low pressure of less than 4 NN / mm ² and then continuously expanded, recycled polyurethane foam. It is particularly advantageous that the individual parts are each brought into the intended and usable form, in each case for the intended type, without rework being necessary. Rather, the cable drum can be assembled and finished by simply screwing on the sandwich panels or inserting the steel framework made of outer tire, inner tire, inner web and spokes, which has already been mentioned several times. The entire production time of such cable drums can thus be reduced considerably, and, as already mentioned, an environmental problem, namely recycling, is also advantageously solved here at the same time of used plastic.

In order to be able to easily assemble and disassemble the outer hoop, it is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that outer webs, the spoke are integrally formed on the outer hoop. This makes it easy to connect the two parts. At the same time, even after loosening the connection of the outer tire, only the area can be unscrewed that has to be replaced due to destruction or impairment. This training is particularly suitable for the very stable and rigid work drum.

For the circulating drum, however, it is provided that the outer hoop is U-shaped and has an inner shoulder ring which is fitted into an annular recess in the spokes and sandwich plates. The outer hoop, which is also used to store and hold the sandwich panels, thus lies around the outer edges or edges of the sandwich panels and fixes them, but can also be easily removed if individual sandwich panels have to be replaced for any reason.

As a connection for the outer hoop, it is provided in particular that it has a recess at both ends into which an insert shaped like a ammonia pastille is fitted, preferably welded. By loosening the weld seam, the outer hoop can be loosened if necessary, which is then removed altogether, for example to replace some or all of the sandwich panels if this proves necessary and expedient. Other connections are also conceivable, but the described has the advantage that it gives the outer ring the necessary strength.

The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that cable drum types are created which, regardless of the size, are highly flexible and yet practical also have the necessary stability without the need for time-consuming preparatory work or high production costs. The cable drum as such consist of a spoke frame into which plastic parts, namely sandwich panels, are inserted and screwed or inserted in order to increase the stability and to achieve the necessary final stability, so that the desired goal of high stability or advantageous flexibility is achieved. The reduction to a few components is advantageous, and these can additionally be connected to one another in a simple and expedient manner. In addition, there is the possibility of replacing the parts which are affected in each case in the event of wear or in the event of partial destruction, so that a cable drum which can again be used properly is then available. Wear itself can hardly occur, so that the actual spoke frame can also be used correspondingly frequently, even if the sandwich panels in between should be partially or completely damaged for some reason. Finally, it is advantageous that a large part of the materials required for the manufacture of the cable drum consists of recycled plastic, the cable drum as such in turn being recyclable since both the plastic parts and the steel or wooden parts can be reused.

Fig. 1

eine Kabeltrommel in Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt,

Fig. 2

eine Kabeltrommel in Vorkopfansicht, teilweise im Schnitt,

Fig. 3

eine Aussteifungsplatte in Einzelanischt,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenwand der Kabeltrommel im Schnitt,

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht der Kabeltrommel im Bereich Außenreif,

Fig. 6

die Darstellung nach Fig. 5 im Querschnitt und

Fig. 7

eine vergrößerte Darstellung im Bereich des Innenreifes.

Fig. 8

eine Seitenansicht einer als Umlauftrommel vorgesehenen Kabeltrommel,

Fig. 9

einen Querschnitt durch eine der Seitenwände,

Fig. 10

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Seitenwand mit angesetztem Trommelkörper,

Fig. 11

eine Verbindung des Außenreifes und

Fig. 12

eine Einzelheit im Bereich der Verbindung gemäß Fig. 11.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which a preferred exemplary embodiment is shown with the details and individual parts required for this. Show it:

Fig. 1

a cable drum in side view, partly in section,

Fig. 2

a cable drum in front view, partly in section,

Fig. 3

a stiffening plate in single layers,

Fig. 4

one side wall of the cable drum in section,

Fig. 5

a side view of the cable drum in the outer tire area,

Fig. 6

5 in cross section and

Fig. 7

an enlarged view in the area of the inner tire.

Fig. 8

2 shows a side view of a cable drum provided as a circulation drum,

Fig. 9

a cross section through one of the side walls,

Fig. 10

a longitudinal section through a side wall with attached drum body,

Fig. 11

a connection of the outer tire and

Fig. 12

a detail in the area of the connection according to FIG. 11.

1-3 show a side view of a cable drum 1 which is not part of the invention, which is a work drum which has a high degree of stability, the drum body 2 receiving the cables being visible only with respect to the cylindrical outer edge. In contrast, the side walls 3 and, when cut, the side wall 4, which is composed of individual components, are clearly visible, as will be explained further below.

The entire cable drum 1 is often unrolled during transport, wear on the outer edge being prevented by the fact that an outer tire 6 made of steel is used up here.

This outer tire 6 is connected to the drum body 2 by radially arranged spokes 7, 8, 9. Screw connections are provided here, which are not specifically identified.

The individual spokes 7, 8, 9 are provided with transverse bores 10, 11. Via these transverse bores 10, 11 in the spokes 7, 8, 9, it is possible to effectively fix the sandwich plates 12, 13 which connect the individual spokes 7, 8, 9 to one another and are designed as stiffening plates.

It becomes clear in particular from the lower part of FIG. 1 that the individual stiffening plates 12, 13 are designed on the side edges 14, 17 in such a way that they form a toothed surface with one another, wherein in this area they coincide with the respective spoke 7; 8th; 9 are connected. The upper support edge 15 and the lower support edge 16, however, rest on the drum body 2 or the outer ring or the corresponding ring.

It goes without saying that the individual stiffening plates 12, 13 must have bores 18, 19 corresponding to the transverse bores 10, 11, with FIG. 1 already making clear that these bores 18, 19 are always combined into bore groups 20, 21. Through this type of connection or arrangement of the bores 18, 19 to bore groups 20, 21, the individual stiffening plates 12, 13 are not only fixed at several points of the respective spokes 7, 8, 9, but they also result in the longitudinal direction of the spokes 7 , 8, 9 an advantageous stiffening.

2 that the individual stiffening plates 12, 13 each consist of an outer plate 22 and an inner plate 23. Screw countersunk holes 24 are formed in the plates 22, 23, so that the countersunk screws 25 disappear after the connection to the respective spoke 7, 8, 9 in the plates, so that overall a smooth surface of the respective stiffening plate 12, 13 results. Injuries to the cables or lines not shown here can therefore not occur. Fig. 2 further shows that the two side walls 3, 4, which consist of the steel frame made of outer tires 6, spoke 7, 8, 9 and drum body 2 are connected to each other. For this purpose, a U-shaped inner web 28, which is assigned to the inner hoop 26 and also forms it, is open toward the inside 27. This U-shaped inner web 28 is provided with a screw hole 30 through which the tensioning screw 29 can be passed. Due to the design of the inner web 28, an advantageous stabilization of the inner tire 26 is achieved and, on the other hand, there is a good possibility of attachment for the tensioning screw 29. Overall, the inner hoop 26 is stabilized via the inner belt 31 and corresponding stiffening parts in such a way that the individual tensioning screws 29 can also be effectively braced in such a way that they are simultaneously fixed with the notches 32, 33 forming the drum body 2. In the right part of FIG. 2 it is indicated that the narrow sides 35 of the core segments 32, 33 are designed so that they can be inserted into the corresponding areas of the inner tire 26, so that they can be fixed simultaneously with the tightening of the clamping screw 29. The individual core segments 32, 33 lie flat against one another on the longitudinal sides 36, it also being conceivable that they overlap one another in order in this way to also result in an effective dense surface.

Between the inner tire 26, an inner disk 34 is clamped, a bore 37 being generally made in these inner disks 34, which enables an axis or the like to be pushed through.

In the upper part of FIG. 2, the side walls 3, 4 are shown without the stiffening plates 12, 13 or the outer plate and the inner plate 22, 23. The inner pane 34 is also clarified in a similar manner, so that it can be seen that overall a very stable design of the side walls 3, 4 has been achieved.

Fig. 3 shows such a stiffening plate 12 or 13 or an outer plate 22 or inner plate 23. Alone Already from this list it becomes clear that this is a very versatile single part, from which essentially the side walls 3, 4 can be put together without special care having to be taken. All individual parts have the shape shown in FIG. 3. It is also conceivable to give the individual stiffening plates 12, 13 a different shape, each corresponding to the adjacent plates. It is important, however, that the individual stiffening plates 12, 13, which are designed to correspond to one another, are designed to interlock with each other at the side edges 14, 17, as is illustrated by the embodiment according to FIG. 3.

FIGS. 4-12 illustrate the solution according to the invention, a section through a side wall 3 being shown again. This figure illustrates that clamping the stiffening plates 12, 13 results in a very stable side wall 3, 4 overall. It is also clear from this section that the individual stiffening plates 12, 13 or the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23 interlock, so that advantageous stability is also achieved in the longitudinal direction of the spokes 7, 8, 9. Corresponding is made clear by the hatching.

The holes 18, 19, 18 ', 19' provided serve once for fixing the stiffening plate 12 and once for the stiffening plate 13. This is illustrated by appropriate reference numerals.

In the individual stiffening plates 12, 13 or the outer plate 22 and the inner plate 23, the holes 18, 19 are made as blind holes, so that the screws can be effectively countersunk.

The spokes 7, 8, 9 are screwed to the outer hoop 6 according to FIGS. 5 and 6. The two representations illustrate that for this purpose 6 outer webs 39, 40 are attached to the outer hoop are attached, into which the respective spoke 7, 8, 9 is inserted, the effective fixing then taking place by inserting the connecting screw 38.

It has already been explained above that stabilization in the region of the connection of the tensioning screw 29 is achieved by the inner web 28. FIG. 7 shows this area, here the additionally attached stop stiffeners 42 are shown, which contribute to additional stabilization, similar to the stop stiffener 41 shown in FIG. 6 in the area of the spoke 7, 8, 9 and outer tire 6 connection.

The composite cable drum is made up of just a few different steel components and consist of the same PU molded parts. The PU lining has a very smooth surface, which has advantages when it comes to reeling the cables. Nails are completely dispensed with, so that damage to the cables and lines cannot occur as a result. The advantages of the interchangeability of molded parts in the event of damage or wear have also already been pointed out.

It should also be emphasized as advantageous that the molded parts are identical for all drum sizes, so that considerable cost advantages can also be achieved in this way. It is also advantageous that at least the side walls are now completely waterproof, cannot expand or warp due to the influence of water, and that the molded parts made of plastic as such are not conductive.

8 shows a cable drum 1 'provided as a circulation drum. In contrast to the cable drum 1 explained from FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, in the case of the cable drum 1 'shown here, importance is attached to the fact that the side walls 3, 4 are largely flexible, ie that the parts are in the side wall plane are arranged displaceably against each other. The axis of rotation 5 is shown in the center, about which the entire cable drum 1 'and of course also in the illustration according to FIG. 1, the cable drum 1 can be rotated. In the embodiment shown here, the axis of rotation 5 is a connecting plate 45, which is connected to the individual spokes 7, 8 by means of retaining screws 44. The retaining screws 44 form an all-round screw connection 46.

Between the individual spokes 7, 8, 9, the sandwich panels 12.1, 13.2, which are made of plastic and made of recycled plastic, are arranged. The different reference numerals are intended to make it clear that these sandwich panels 12.1, 13.1 differ from the sandwich panels 12, 13 designed as stiffening panels.

Fig. 9 illustrates the connection between the spokes 7, 8, 9 and the sandwich panels 12.1, 13.1. The individual spokes 7, 8, 9 are provided with a continuous groove 74 embedded in the side edge 48. Fitted into this groove 47 are the springs 49, 50 which form the edges 51 of the sandwich plates 12.1, 13.1. Because the Sanwich plates 12.1, 13.1 consist of the two outer plates and inner plates 22, 23, each of these partial plates also has a corresponding partial spring 49 or 50 on. Already Fig. 9 it can be seen that this design allows mobility in the longitudinal direction of the spokes 7, 8, 9.

Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal section through such a spoke 7, it being clear that this special design of the spoke gives the possibility of securely fixing and supporting the individual core strips 32, 33. On the inside 53 of the spoke 7, an extension 54 is formed which also carries a U-shaped support ring 55 into which the corresponding free edge of the core strips 32, 33 is inserted and held. Since the two opposite side walls 3 and 4 Are pulled against each other via the clamping screws 29, the core strips 32, 33 are thus simultaneously fixed. Beyond the lugs 54 are the connecting plate 45 and the inner plate 56, which are connected to one another here by means of retaining screws 44, 46, this arrangement, ie the two plates always ensuring a secure arrangement and fixation of the axis of rotation 5 even with a more flexible material of the spokes 7 is secured.

FIG. 11 shows the connection 58 of the outer hoop 6, which is also indicated in FIG. 8. Here the two ends 59, 60 of the outer hoop 6 are connected to one another. In the arrangement shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the ends 59, 60 are provided with recesses 61, 62. Into these recesses 61, 62 an insert 63 resembling ammonia pastilles is inserted and then welded. The corresponding weld seam is designated by 64, it also being clear from FIG. 12 in particular that this weld seam 64 serves once to connect the outer end 59 here and the inner end 60 here. With 63 ', the inner end 60 is additionally marked here in order to make it clear that the insert 63 is supplemented accordingly by this design. In addition, the two ends 59, 60 can be connected to one another via the weld seam 65. If a repair is now necessary, these weld seams 64, 65 are simply removed in order then to be able to remove the outer hoop 6 and to be able to replace the corresponding sandwich panels 12.1 or 13.1.

12 additionally shows a special design of the outer hoop 6, which has an inner shoulder ring 66 at the free end of the flanks of the U-profile, which runs all around and which ensures a secure fixation in that this inner shoulder ring 66 into the ring recess 67 of the individual spokes 7 , 8, 9 but also the Sanwich plates 12.1, 13.1. This special design enables the mobility or limits the mobility of the individual parts against each other, since it is no longer possible to move when the Inner shoulder ring 66 in the illustration shown in FIG. 12, for example, abuts the lower edge 70. This lower edge forms the boundary of the ring recess 67 and at the same time gives the projection 68 which is required to fix the inserted end 60 of the outer tire 6 exactly. Incidentally, here the weld seam connecting the insert 63 and the inner end 60 of the outer tire 6 is additionally provided with the reference number 69.

All of the features mentioned, including those that can be seen in the drawings alone, are regarded as essential to the invention, alone and in combination.

Claims (8)

1. A cable drum (1) for reeling-on electric cables and conductors with a cylindrical drum body (2) consisting of core strips and on which the layers of cable are supported, and side walls (3, 4) which constitute the lateral boundary for the layers of cable and which are composed of lateral segments connected to one another and having spokes (7, 8, 9) and of which the free outer rim is covered by an outer tyre (6) which at the same time holds the lateral segments together externally, whereby there is a pivot axle (5) held centrally by the spokes (7, 8, 9) and about which the entire cable drum (1) is adapted to rotate, the spokes (7, 8, 9) the same time connecting the outer tyre (6) and the drum body (7) and serving in turn as a support for interposed sandwich panels which act as lateral segments, characterised in that the outer tyre (6) has a separable connection (59) and in that the spokes (7, 8, 9) have on both sides a groove (47) let into the lateral edges (48) and in that the sandwich panels (12.1, 13.1) correspondingly comprise edges (51) which are constructed as tongues (49, 50).
2. A cable drum according to claim 1, characterised in that the sandwich panels (12, 13) comprise serrated inter-engaging lateral edges (14, 17) which correspond to the respectively adjacent panels.
3. A cable drum according to claim 1, characterised in that the spokes (7, 8, 9) and the sandwich panels (121, 13.1) have on their inside face (53) which is directed towards the drum body (2) a projection (54) bracing the core strips (32, 33) and in that a U-shaped supporting ring (55) is provided which accommodates the core strips.
4. A cable drum according to claim 3, characterised in that the core strips (32, 33) of the drum body (2) and the inner plate (34) or inner tyre (26) are of inter-engaging construction and are connected to one another by clamping screws (29).
5. A cable drum according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the sandwich panels, (12, 13; 12.1, 13.1) and the other synthetic plastics parts are moulded from recycled polyurethane foam containing 30 to 90% polyurethane and preferably premixed with hard integral foam granulate and comminuted to less than 10 mm, finely atomised with binder (isocyanate) and then pre-compressed at approx. 2.10^-6Pa and post-compressed at a minimal pressure of less than 4.10^-6Pa followed by a continuous relaxing stage.
6. A cable drum according to claim 1, characterised in that integrally moulded on the outer tyre (6) are outer webs (39, 40) which enclose the spokes (7, 8, 9).
7. A cable drum according to claim 6, characterised in that the outer tyre (6) is of U-shaped construction and has an inner ring (66) which fits into an annular recess (67) in the spokes (7, 8, 9) and sandwich panels (12.1, 13.1).
8. A cable drum according to claim 6, characterised in that the outer tyre (6) has at both ends (59, 60) a recess (61, 62) into which an insert (63) shaped like sal ammoniac pastilles is fitted, preferably welded.

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