EP0546924A1 - Ausstosskolben mit aufblasbarem Stossdämpfer - Google Patents

Ausstosskolben mit aufblasbarem Stossdämpfer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546924A1
EP0546924A1 EP92403320A EP92403320A EP0546924A1 EP 0546924 A1 EP0546924 A1 EP 0546924A1 EP 92403320 A EP92403320 A EP 92403320A EP 92403320 A EP92403320 A EP 92403320A EP 0546924 A1 EP0546924 A1 EP 0546924A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
membrane
submunition
called
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92403320A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gilles Doisneau
Jean-Pierre Frehaut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0546924A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546924A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of containers for ejectable charges, in particular but not exclusively, in the field of cargo projectiles.
  • a cargo projectile has an outer envelope inside which are housed one or more submunitions constituting the payload.
  • the projectile is designed to be able to open and eject its submunitions at a given point in its trajectory.
  • the ejection, or unloading is controlled by a rocket which activates a pyrotechnic gas generator whose pressure is confined in a closed volume of the cargo vector, one of the faces of this volume being constituted by the payload so that the thrust exerted on the charge leads to its expulsion from the cargo projectile.
  • a piston to isolate the charge from pressurized gases.
  • This piston generally has a guiding and sealing role. It is particularly necessary if the face of the payload on which it rests has fragile parts, for example detector parts such as an optic, an antenna, which cannot be in direct contact with the powdered gas under pressure. .
  • the piston is then shaped to transmit the forces induced by the pressure on resistant supports of the payload.
  • this material should not come between the piston and the submunition until after the exit of the projectile, so that it protects the submunition well from the protruding parts of the piston, in particular the parts which were resting on the solid parts of the submunition.
  • This material should also occupy as small a volume as possible in storage.
  • the subject of the invention is a piston for ejecting a load from a container, the piston comprising a so-called external face facing a so-called high pressure chamber and a so-called internal face facing one of the charges to be ejected, characterized in that the piston has attached to its internal face one or more membrane (s) deformable (s) capable of receiving via at least one passage between the external and internal faces of the piston a fraction of the pressure developed in the high pressure chamber.
  • the membrane In order to reduce costs and space, it is advantageous to fix the membrane to the internal face of the piston, for example by gluing, along a surface surrounding the line of intersection of the passage and the internal face.
  • the membrane may or may not be elastic. It is however desirable for it to be shaped so that after inflation it comes to extend so as to form a gas blanket in front of the protruding parts of the piston.
  • the gas passage can consist of a simple nozzle forming a sonic nozzle so as to control the flow.
  • This solution is economical but has the drawback if the nozzle forming hole is too small in diameter, to be sensitive to tolerances.
  • several nozzles can be used in parallel to supply several membranes.
  • This material can be a porous material, for example a ceramic or a sintered metal.
  • the invention is applicable to any container for ejectable charges and more particularly to a cargo projectile. It is of particular interest in the case where the cargo projectile is a shell fired into a cannon and must support strong acceleration.
  • the membrane being very light does not induce a significant inertial load on the fragile part on which it rests.
  • Figure 1 is intended to show the use of the piston in the general configuration of a container having loads stored in line, the piston being intended to transmit the thrust of ejection to the loads.
  • the container is a projectile (1) comprising submunitions (20), three of which (21, 22 and 23) are shown in FIG. 1.
  • the projectile comprises, at the front a high pressure chamber (4), the high pressure chamber being powered by a gas generator (3) which in the case shown in Figure 1 is a pyrotechnic gas generator.
  • the piston (50) has an external face (51) facing the high pressure chamber (4) and an internal face (52) facing the first submunition (21). This piston is supported on solid parts (24) of the first submunition (21).
  • the solid part (24) of the submunition (21) is particularly simple since it is a peripheral ring to the submunition.
  • the piston therefore has a bell shape, the exterior of which faces the high pressure chamber (4) and the interior of which faces the submunition (21).
  • the piston comprises, for example glued on its inner face (52), a membrane (60). It also includes a passage (54) which allows the gas from the high pressure chamber (4) to press on the membrane (60).
  • the piston is shown in more detail in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3.
  • the piston (50) is again seen with its external face (51) and its internal face (52), the membrane (60) is represented by a broken line, it is glued to a surface (53) which surrounds the passage (54) made through the piston to allow the gas from the high pressure chamber to have access to the interior of the piston and thus to come to press on the membrane (60).
  • Figure 3 in the deployed position.
  • the membrane (60) overflows and comes in masking, in particular of the projecting parts (55) which when the piston is inside the cargo ship, come to bear on the solid parts (24) of the first submunition.
  • the general configuration of the projectile and of the solid parts of the submunition are particularly simple since it is a projectile comprising only one line of ammunition, this line being located in axis xx 'of the projectile and the parts protruding being formed by cylinders surrounding each of the submunitions.
  • the invention is however applicable to containers comprising several load lines, each load having support points which may have a more complex structure.
  • the piston may have another shape and it may be advantageous to have several membranes in the part facing the load so that when the membranes are swollen, the set of membranes protects the rear face of the piston. and constitutes a shock-absorbing air mattress.
  • the passage (54) is in the case of the representation of Figures 1 to 3, a simple nozzle because it is a simple structure, the piston having only one wall. The function of this nozzle is to allow a slow passage of gases from the high pressure chamber into the low pressure chamber which is located on the other side of the piston.
  • the goal is that the pressure inside the low pressure chamber, between the membrane (60) and the internal face (52) of the piston (50), is sufficient at the end of ejection to inflate the membrane and thus constitute a clean air mattress to absorb shocks.
  • the membrane must therefore be slightly swollen.
  • the diameter of the nozzle (54) is calculated, in a manner known to a person skilled in the art, as a function of the pressure curve in the high pressure chamber and the time of ejection of the charges from the container.
  • the pressure curve as a function of time passes through a very large maximum and decreases very rapidly after a few milliseconds, the charges then being completely ejected.
  • the diameter of the nozzle is therefore very small and it may happen that it closes under the effect of combustion residue from the powder of the gas generator.
  • FIG. 4 another mode of passage has been shown in FIG. 4, in this case it is a passage constituted by a hole of larger diameter (59) allowing communication between the external face (51 ) and internal (52) of the piston, this hole being closed by a porous material (58) preferably a sintered metal.
  • FIG. 4 also shows the membrane (60), the latter optionally comprising foam parts (61) located at the places where the shocks are either the most probable or dangerous because they are located near particularly protruding parts. of the piston (50).
  • Figure 5 is intended to show two alternative embodiments of the piston.
  • the first of these variants relates to the shape of the passage 54.
  • This passage is carried out by two nozzles 54 (1) 54 (3) placed in series with one another.
  • the first 54 (1) is formed through a first wall 57 (1) of the piston
  • the second 54 (3) is formed through a second wall 57 (2) of the piston.
  • the two walls are separated by an intermediate chamber 54 (2).
  • This embodiment allows holes 54 (1), 54 (3) of larger diameter to be produced.
  • the hole configuration in series, intermediate chamber can be achieved by any other means and in particular by means of a part or a set of two parts which are fixed on a wall of the piston.
  • the second of these variants relates to the bearing face of the piston on the first load 21.
  • the solid bearing area 24 of the load 21 is a peripheral ring of the load.
  • the piston therefore comprises a zone in the form of a crown 55 which comes to bear on the strong part 24.
  • the zone 55 is connected to a zone 56 which comes into engagement on a corresponding projecting part 25 of the load 20 having the form of a ring circular.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 are not limiting of the shape that can take the piston in particular the foam protectors (61) can be mounted on a piston having a passage formed by a nozzle (54) as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Likewise the sintered metal plug can be mounted on a piston whose membrane does not have a protective part (61).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
EP92403320A 1991-12-13 1992-12-08 Ausstosskolben mit aufblasbarem Stossdämpfer Withdrawn EP0546924A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9115519A FR2685073B1 (fr) 1991-12-13 1991-12-13 Piston d'ejection a amortisseur gonflable.
FR9115519 1991-12-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546924A1 true EP0546924A1 (de) 1993-06-16

Family

ID=9420041

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92403320A Withdrawn EP0546924A1 (de) 1991-12-13 1992-12-08 Ausstosskolben mit aufblasbarem Stossdämpfer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0546924A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2685073B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104132585A (zh) * 2014-07-02 2014-11-05 北京航天发射技术研究所 带有防护层的柔性底座

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2738031A1 (de) * 1976-08-23 1978-03-02 Foerenade Fabriksverken Vorrichtung zum ausstoss und zum trennen von koerpern aus bzw. von einem geschoss
GB2222668A (en) * 1988-09-07 1990-03-14 Secr Defence Munition release apparatus
FR2650066A1 (fr) * 1989-07-24 1991-01-25 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectile porteur

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2738031A1 (de) * 1976-08-23 1978-03-02 Foerenade Fabriksverken Vorrichtung zum ausstoss und zum trennen von koerpern aus bzw. von einem geschoss
GB2222668A (en) * 1988-09-07 1990-03-14 Secr Defence Munition release apparatus
FR2650066A1 (fr) * 1989-07-24 1991-01-25 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectile porteur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104132585A (zh) * 2014-07-02 2014-11-05 北京航天发射技术研究所 带有防护层的柔性底座

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2685073B1 (fr) 1994-02-04
FR2685073A1 (fr) 1993-06-18

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