EP0545810B1 - Packaging for the transport of goods to be held at a constant temperature - Google Patents

Packaging for the transport of goods to be held at a constant temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0545810B1
EP0545810B1 EP19920403244 EP92403244A EP0545810B1 EP 0545810 B1 EP0545810 B1 EP 0545810B1 EP 19920403244 EP19920403244 EP 19920403244 EP 92403244 A EP92403244 A EP 92403244A EP 0545810 B1 EP0545810 B1 EP 0545810B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intermediate plate
cover
packaging
lining
transport
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920403244
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0545810A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Pascal
Ambroise Pascal
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0545810A1 publication Critical patent/EP0545810A1/en
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Publication of EP0545810B1 publication Critical patent/EP0545810B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/12—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using solidified gases, e.g. carbon-dioxide snow
    • F25D3/14—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using solidified gases, e.g. carbon-dioxide snow portable, i.e. adapted to be carried personally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
    • B65D81/3848—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation semi-rigid container folded up from one or more blanks
    • B65D81/3862—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation semi-rigid container folded up from one or more blanks with a foam formed container located inside a folded box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2303/00—Details of devices using other cold materials; Details of devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D2303/08—Devices using cold storage material, i.e. ice or other freezable liquid
    • F25D2303/084—Position of the cold storage material in relationship to a product to be cooled
    • F25D2303/0844—Position of the cold storage material in relationship to a product to be cooled above the product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2331/00—Details or arrangements of other cooling or freezing apparatus not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2331/80—Type of cooled receptacles
    • F25D2331/804—Boxes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a packaging intended, for example, for the transport of vaccines, sera which must be kept at a constant temperature.
  • US-A-4,294,079 describes a package intended to contain and transport frozen products and which comprises a box with an insulated lining and in the bottom of which is arranged an absorbent layer, while the upper part has a cavity containing a refrigerant.
  • an insulating thickness Between the upper part and the frozen products is arranged an insulating thickness, a free space being provided between the upper part and the insulating thickness and holes being made in the upper part to communicate the cavity and the free space.
  • the refrigerant sublimes in the free space and thus forms, above the insulating thickness, a cooling layer to maintain the products at the freezing temperature.
  • the packaging keeps the products at a negative temperature, but when this is to maintain objects at a positive temperature, for example of the order of 3 ° C to 8 ° C, the use of dry ice poses many problems because the intense cold produced by this ice tends to lower the temperature beyond the freezing point which risks damaging the products.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is, contrary to the object of patent US-A-4,294,079, to produce a packaging which makes it possible to maintain a positive temperature internally for a determined period of time while using dry ice. .
  • the packaging according to the invention is of the type formed from a cardboard box with an insulated inner lining providing a housing intended to receive the objects to be transported and a cover for closing the housing, an insulated intermediate plate of expanded polystyrene being disposed and fitted in a sealed manner in the internal lining so as to provide, between the cover and said plate, a cavity intended to receive dry ice, said packaging being characterized in that the internal lining and the intermediate plate are made of polystyrene expanded with a percentage of closed cells of the order of 90% to 95%.
  • the objects are not directly in contact with the dry ice, the cold of which dissipates gently in the housing through the thickness of the intermediate plate.
  • the overpressure in the cavity which promotes a slow and controlled propagation of the cold through the intermediate plate.
  • the lining, the cover and the intermediate plate are made of expanded polystyrene.
  • the expanded polystyrene has a percentage of closed cells of the order of 90 to 95%.
  • an intermediate plate with a thickness of 4 to 6 cm for a volume of the order of 60 dm3 of the housing whose walls of the lining have a thickness of the order of 3 to 7 cm, it is possible to obtain for a period greater than 48 hours, maintaining the temperature in the housing at a value of 5 ° C with variations of the order of 2 ° C.
  • the lining has an internal shoulder, the intermediate plate comprising a recess so as to be slightly forced into the housing.
  • the establishment of the intermediate plate ensures a sealed closure of the housing.
  • the packaging shown comprises a cardboard box 1 of generally parallelepiped shape with a bottom 2, a side wall 3 and flaps 4 constituting the closure of the box.
  • the lining provides a housing 6 intended to receive the objects to be transported.
  • a shoulder 7 In the inner side wall of the lining is provided a shoulder 7, said wall extending up to a certain distance from the edge of the body 1 adjacent to the closure 4.
  • the housing 6 is closed by a plate 10 made of the same material as the lining 5 and which has a recess 11 so as to have a part bearing on the shoulder 7 and a part slightly engaging in the housing 6.
  • the intermediate plate 10 has a certain thickness, for example, of the order of 4 to 6 cm for a volume of the housing 6 of the order of 60 dm3, the thickness of the lining being of the order of 3 to 6 cm.
  • the intermediate plate 10 has such dimensions that it engages slightly by force and thus the housing 6 is perfectly sealed.
  • the lining 5 is closed by a cover 12 which is embedded by its edge 13 in the lining 5 and which has a rim 14 resting on the free end of said lining, the upper surface of the cover extending to the vicinity of folding the flaps 4.
  • a cavity 15 is formed which is intended to be filled with dry ice 16.
  • the temperature in the housing 6 could, for a period of time greater than 48 hours, be maintained at a value of 5 ° C. with variations of the order of 2 ° C.
  • the intense cold produced by the dry ice only diffuses very slowly through the closure plate 10, which thus makes it possible to obtain a constant positive temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un emballage destiné, par exemple, au transport de vaccins, sérums qui doivent être maintenus à une température constante.The present invention relates to a packaging intended, for example, for the transport of vaccines, sera which must be kept at a constant temperature.

On connaît différents emballages qui sont destinés à transporter des objets devant être maintenus à des températures de congélation, ces emballages étant isothermes et de la glace sèche étant déposée au voisinage des objets.Various packages are known which are intended for transporting objects to be kept at freezing temperatures, these packages being isothermal and dry ice being deposited in the vicinity of the objects.

Le brevet US-A-4 294 079 décrit un emballage destiné à contenir et à transporter des produits congelés et qui comprend une caisse avec une doublure isotherme et dans le fond de laquelle est disposée une couche absorbante, tandis que la partie supérieure comporte une cavité contenant un réfrigérant.US-A-4,294,079 describes a package intended to contain and transport frozen products and which comprises a box with an insulated lining and in the bottom of which is arranged an absorbent layer, while the upper part has a cavity containing a refrigerant.

Entre la partie supérieure et les produits congelés est disposée une épaisseur isolante, un espace libre étant ménagé entre la partie supérieure et l'épaisseur isolante et des trous étant pratiqués dans la partie supérieure pour mettre en communication la cavité et l'espace libre.Between the upper part and the frozen products is arranged an insulating thickness, a free space being provided between the upper part and the insulating thickness and holes being made in the upper part to communicate the cavity and the free space.

Suivant les explications données dans le brevet US-A-4 294 079, le réfrigérant sublime dans l'espace libre et forme ainsi, au-dessus de l'épaisseur isolante, une couche de refroidissement pour maintenir les produits à la température de congélation.According to the explanations given in US Pat. No. 4,294,079, the refrigerant sublimes in the free space and thus forms, above the insulating thickness, a cooling layer to maintain the products at the freezing temperature.

L'emballage, suivant ce brevet, permet de maintenir les produits à une température négative, mais lorsqu'il s'agit de maintenir des objets à une température positive, par exemple de l'ordre de 3°C à 8°C, l'utilisation de glace sèche pose de nombreux problèmes car le froid intense produit par cette glace tend à abaisser la température au-delà du point de congélation ce qui risque de détériorer les produits.The packaging, according to this patent, keeps the products at a negative temperature, but when this is to maintain objects at a positive temperature, for example of the order of 3 ° C to 8 ° C, the use of dry ice poses many problems because the intense cold produced by this ice tends to lower the temperature beyond the freezing point which risks damaging the products.

L'un des buts de la présente invention est, contrairement à l'objet du brevet US-A-4 294 079, de réaliser un emballage permettant de maintenir intérieurement une température positive durant un laps de temps déterminé tout en utilisant de la glace sèche.One of the aims of the present invention is, contrary to the object of patent US-A-4,294,079, to produce a packaging which makes it possible to maintain a positive temperature internally for a determined period of time while using dry ice. .

L'emballage, selon l'invention, est du type formé d'une caisse carton avec une doublure interne isotherme ménageant un logement destiné à recevoir les objets à transporter et un couvercle pour la fermeture du logement, une plaque intermédiaire isotherme en polystyrène expansé étant disposée et emboîtée de manière étanche dans la doublure interne de manière à ménager, entre le couvercle et ladite plaque, une cavité destinée à recevoir de la glace sèche, ledit emballage étant caractérisé en ce que la doublure interne et la plaque intermédiaire sont réalisées en polystyrène expansé présentant un pourcentage de cellules fermées de l'ordre de 90% à 95%.The packaging according to the invention is of the type formed from a cardboard box with an insulated inner lining providing a housing intended to receive the objects to be transported and a cover for closing the housing, an insulated intermediate plate of expanded polystyrene being disposed and fitted in a sealed manner in the internal lining so as to provide, between the cover and said plate, a cavity intended to receive dry ice, said packaging being characterized in that the internal lining and the intermediate plate are made of polystyrene expanded with a percentage of closed cells of the order of 90% to 95%.

Grâce à cette disposition, les objets ne sont pas directement en contact avec la glace sèche dont le froid se dissipe doucement dans le logment à travers l'épaisseur de la plaque intermédiaire. De plus, lors de la sublimation de la glace sèche, il se produit dans la cavité une surpression qui favorise une propagation lente et contrôlée du froid à travers la plaque intermédiaire.Thanks to this arrangement, the objects are not directly in contact with the dry ice, the cold of which dissipates gently in the housing through the thickness of the intermediate plate. In addition, during the sublimation of dry ice, there is an overpressure in the cavity which promotes a slow and controlled propagation of the cold through the intermediate plate.

Suivant une caractéristique particulière, la doublure, le couvercle et la plaque intermédiaire sont réalisés en polystyrène expansé.According to a particular characteristic, the lining, the cover and the intermediate plate are made of expanded polystyrene.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, le polystyrène expansé présente un pourcentage de cellules fermées de l'ordre de 90 à 95%. Ainsi, en utilisant une plaque intermédiaire d'une épaisseur de 4 à 6 cm pour un volume de l'ordre de 60 dm³ du logement dont les parois de la doublure ont une épaisseur de l'ordre de 3 à 7 cm, on peut obtenir pendant une durée supérieure à 48 heures le maintien de la température dans le logement à une valeur de 5°C avec des variations de l'ordre de 2°C.According to another characteristic, the expanded polystyrene has a percentage of closed cells of the order of 90 to 95%. Thus, by using an intermediate plate with a thickness of 4 to 6 cm for a volume of the order of 60 dm³ of the housing whose walls of the lining have a thickness of the order of 3 to 7 cm, it is possible to obtain for a period greater than 48 hours, maintaining the temperature in the housing at a value of 5 ° C with variations of the order of 2 ° C.

Suivant un détail constructif, la doublure présente un épaulement interne, la plaque intermédiaire comportant un décrochement de manière à s'encastrer légèrement à force dans le logement.According to a constructive detail, the lining has an internal shoulder, the intermediate plate comprising a recess so as to be slightly forced into the housing.

Ainsi, la mise en place de la plaque intermédiaire assure une fermeture étanche du logement.Thus, the establishment of the intermediate plate ensures a sealed closure of the housing.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite avec plus de détails en se référant à un mode de réalisation particulier donné à titre d'exemple seulement et représenté à la figure unique qui est une vue en coupe d'un emballage, selon l'invention.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to a particular embodiment given by way of example only and shown in the single figure which is a sectional view of a package, according to the invention.

L'emballage représenté comprend une caisse en carton 1 de forme générale parallélépipédique avec un fond 2, une paroi latérale 3 et des rabats 4 constituant la fermeture de la caisse.The packaging shown comprises a cardboard box 1 of generally parallelepiped shape with a bottom 2, a side wall 3 and flaps 4 constituting the closure of the box.

Dans la caisse 1 est logée une doublure 5 en polystyrène expansé, celle-ci ayant une perméabilité à la vapeur d'eau en g/m² 24 h de l'ordre de 30 et présentant un pourcentage de cellules fermées de 90 à 95%.In the box 1 is housed a liner 5 made of expanded polystyrene, the latter having a permeability to water vapor in g / m² 24 h on the order of 30 and having a percentage of closed cells of 90 to 95%.

La doublure ménage un logement 6 destiné à recevoir les objets à transporter.The lining provides a housing 6 intended to receive the objects to be transported.

Dans la paroi latérale interne de la doublure est ménagé un épaulement 7, ladite paroi s'étendant jusqu'à une certaine distance du bord de la caisse 1 adjacent à la fermeture 4.In the inner side wall of the lining is provided a shoulder 7, said wall extending up to a certain distance from the edge of the body 1 adjacent to the closure 4.

Le logement 6 est fermé par une plaque 10 réalisée dans la même matière que la doublure 5 et qui présente un décrochement 11 de manière à présenter une partie prenant appui sur l'épaulement 7 et une partie s'engageant légèrement dans le logement 6.The housing 6 is closed by a plate 10 made of the same material as the lining 5 and which has a recess 11 so as to have a part bearing on the shoulder 7 and a part slightly engaging in the housing 6.

La plaque intermédiaire 10 a une certaine épaisseur, par exemple, de l'ordre de 4 à 6 cm pour un volume du logement 6 de l'ordre de 60 dm³, l'épaisseur de la doublure étant de l'ordre de 3 à 6 cm.The intermediate plate 10 has a certain thickness, for example, of the order of 4 to 6 cm for a volume of the housing 6 of the order of 60 dm³, the thickness of the lining being of the order of 3 to 6 cm.

La plaque intermédiaire 10 présente des dimensions telles, qu'elle s'engage légèrement à force et qu'ainsi le logement 6 est parfaitement étanche.The intermediate plate 10 has such dimensions that it engages slightly by force and thus the housing 6 is perfectly sealed.

La doublure 5 est fermée par un couvercle 12 qui s'encastre par son bord 13 dans la doublure 5 et qui présente un rebord 14 reposant sur l'extrémité libre de ladite doublure, la surface supérieure du couvercle s'étendant jusqu'au voisinage de la pliure des rabats 4.The lining 5 is closed by a cover 12 which is embedded by its edge 13 in the lining 5 and which has a rim 14 resting on the free end of said lining, the upper surface of the cover extending to the vicinity of folding the flaps 4.

Comme on le voit à la figure 1 entre le couvercle 12 et la plaque intermédiaire 10 est ménagée une cavité 15 qui est destinée à être remplie de glace sèche 16.As can be seen in FIG. 1, between the cover 12 and the intermediate plate 10, a cavity 15 is formed which is intended to be filled with dry ice 16.

Après de nombreux essais effectués, on a constaté que la température dans le logement 6 pouvait, durant un laps de temps supérieur à 48 heures, être maintenue à une valeur de 5°C avec des variations de l'ordre de 2°C. En effet, le froid intense produit par la glace sèche ne se diffuse que très lentement à travers la plaque de fermeture 10 ce qui permet ainsi d'obtenir une température constante positive.After numerous tests carried out, it was found that the temperature in the housing 6 could, for a period of time greater than 48 hours, be maintained at a value of 5 ° C. with variations of the order of 2 ° C. In fact, the intense cold produced by the dry ice only diffuses very slowly through the closure plate 10, which thus makes it possible to obtain a constant positive temperature.

Claims (1)

  1. Packing for the transport of objects having to be kept at a constant temperature of the type formed of a cardboard box (1) having an isotherm inner lining of expanded polystyrene (5) providing a container (6) intended to receive the objects to be transported and a cover (12) for closing the container, an isotherm intermediate plate (10) made of expanded polystyrene disposed beneath the cover and fitted in tight manner in the inner lining so as to provide, between the cover and the said plate, a cavity (15) intended to receive dry ice,
    packing characterised in that the inner lining and the intermediate plate (10) are made of expanded polystyrene having a percentage of closed cells in the order of 90 to 95 % which thus enable a positive temperature to be maintained inside the container (6).
EP19920403244 1991-12-02 1992-12-01 Packaging for the transport of goods to be held at a constant temperature Expired - Lifetime EP0545810B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9114909 1991-12-02
FR9114909A FR2684357A1 (en) 1991-12-02 1991-12-02 PACKAGE FOR THE TRANSPORT OF OBJECTS TO BE KEPT AT A CONSTANT TEMPERATURE.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0545810A1 EP0545810A1 (en) 1993-06-09
EP0545810B1 true EP0545810B1 (en) 1996-03-13

Family

ID=9419577

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920403244 Expired - Lifetime EP0545810B1 (en) 1991-12-02 1992-12-01 Packaging for the transport of goods to be held at a constant temperature

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0545810B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69209015T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2086695T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2684357A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4438141A1 (en) * 1994-10-25 1996-05-15 Schwaiger Heinz J Exchangeable container for heat-treating or climatising special substances
FR2759676B1 (en) * 1997-02-14 1999-05-14 Sofrigam INSULATED PACKAGING
FR2802186B1 (en) * 1999-12-13 2002-03-01 Messer France CONTAINER FOR THE REFRIGERATED TRANSPORT OF VARIOUS PRODUCTS AND METHOD FOR ITS CONSTITUTION AND LOADING
FR2805526B1 (en) * 2000-02-28 2002-05-03 Groupemball Fcc INTERNAL PARTITIONING SYSTEM FOR INSULATED PROTECTIVE PACKAGING FOR THE CONTROL OF THE COLD DIFFUSION GRADIENT COMBINED WITH THE RETENTION OF CONDENSATIONS, FOR TRANSPORT OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
US6295830B1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2001-10-02 The Boc Group, Inc. Portable container for refrigerated or frozen goods
DE10131828B4 (en) * 2001-06-30 2005-06-30 Berthold, Frank, Prof.-Dr. Transport box for the shipment of tumor tissue samples
DE102008029171A1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-31 Delta T Gmbh Transport system for transporting e.g. drug from wholesale dealer to pharmacies, has inner area comprising air duct provided at one of vertical sides and at base, where temperature maintaining element is arranged over inner container
CN109422018A (en) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-05 南京淳康包装有限责任公司 A kind of fresh transport case of mixed type
AT520520B1 (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-05-15 Pyar Ltd Container for the storage of moisture-sensitive products

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7833140U1 (en) * 1978-11-08 1979-02-22 Schwartz Adalbert Container with lid
US4294079A (en) * 1980-03-12 1981-10-13 Better Agricultural Goals Corporation Insulated container and process for shipping perishables
FR2482052B1 (en) * 1980-05-07 1986-03-21 Sofrigam Sarl PACKAGING PROCESS AND BOX FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
EP0153975A1 (en) * 1984-03-09 1985-09-11 Rotpunkt Dr. Anso Zimmermann Foodstuff container
GB2226873B (en) * 1989-01-05 1993-04-28 Scorpion B V I Ltd A process to store and pack biomedical products and the container to be used as packing for said products
US4923077A (en) * 1989-02-14 1990-05-08 Pymah Corporation Modular heat sink package

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2684357A1 (en) 1993-06-04
EP0545810A1 (en) 1993-06-09
ES2086695T3 (en) 1996-07-01
DE69209015D1 (en) 1996-04-18
DE69209015T2 (en) 1996-09-12
FR2684357B1 (en) 1995-01-27

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