EP0545280B1 - Drive mechanism - Google Patents

Drive mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0545280B1
EP0545280B1 EP92120170A EP92120170A EP0545280B1 EP 0545280 B1 EP0545280 B1 EP 0545280B1 EP 92120170 A EP92120170 A EP 92120170A EP 92120170 A EP92120170 A EP 92120170A EP 0545280 B1 EP0545280 B1 EP 0545280B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
tube
drive device
turbine
overflow
previous
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EP92120170A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0545280A1 (en
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Willi Maurer
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/005—Installations wherein the liquid circulates in a closed loop ; Alleged perpetua mobilia of this or similar kind

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive device with a rotatable about a vertical axis, tube conically widening towards the top, which feeds into the bottom area for liquid, in particular water, and an overflow with a assigned, fixed collection container for overflowing liquid, wherein at least one down pipe extends from the collecting container and acts on a turbine, and with a motor, in particular an electric motor, the tube for starting the drive device after they have stopped at a certain initial rotational speed brings and then the engine is turned off.
  • a drive device of the type specified discloses, which should obviously act as a perpetuum mobile.
  • This drive device has a tube that widens conically towards the top and that rolls on its vertical axis Longitudinal central axis is rotatably supported and driven by a motor can be. In the lower area of the tube, this has a central opening, which in a water reservoir is submerged.
  • the tube has a kind of overflow in the upper area to which is connected a pipe which extends vertically upwards, which flows into a fixed collection container for the water.
  • This collection container has a downpipe, at the lower end of which there is a turbine. Of the The outlet of this turbine opens into the water collection container already mentioned.
  • the Drive device works as follows: First, the tube is placed on a motor certain rotational speed brought. After this predetermined initial rotation speed the engine is switched off. Through the Centrifugal force is the water in the lower tube area along the Inner wall transported upwards and passes after passing the overflow and the Riser into the collection container. From there, the water gets into the downpipe and acts on it the turbine. This gives off electrical energy, part of which is electrical Energy is used to drive the tube while the rest is used elsewhere can be. The water leaving the turbine is in the water reservoir caught and gets back into the cycle.
  • the object of the invention is to create a drive device which functions for a period of time using a turbine which can be acted upon by a liquid, in particular water, with lossy energy storage.
  • the invention proposes that a vertical, rotatable shaft is arranged lying in the axis of the tube, with which the tube is connected and on the bottom of the tube, the turbine is fixed, which over the bottom of the
  • the downpipe opening into the tube can be acted upon from below with the liquid and thereby drives the shaft and thus the tube directly, that the downpipe has a valve and that the collecting container is arranged below the overflow of the tube.
  • a drive device that functions for a time which as Energy storage can be used.
  • the basic idea of the invention is the shaft and thus the tube of this drive device first by means of a motor to bring a certain initial rotational speed. This serves the Commissioning of the drive device after it has come to a standstill. This initial speed of rotation can be abandoned, for example, by means of an electric motor. After this the drive device has reached its initial rotational speed, the Engine switched off and the water from the upper collecting tank is let through the downpipes flow downwards so that the blades of the turbine are illuminated from below and thereby driving the turbine.
  • the tube is completed below by a fixed floor in which aligned Downpipe nozzles open.
  • the fixed floor can be, for example act a plate that fulfills the function of a drip plate, which catches the splashing water from the turbine blades. They are in this sheet Mouth nozzles of the downpipes installed and aligned.
  • a preferred development of the invention proposes that the downpipes direct the liquid onto the blades of the turbine in this way and the Blades of the turbine are adjusted so that the liquid through the Most of the blades can be reflected with a radial component.
  • This Training has the advantage that the waste water from the turbine directly hits the inner wall of the tube and thus directly upwards is transported without being splashed on the fixed floor hits. This increases the losses even further reduced.
  • the turbine is preferably a Pelton-like turbine. This is suitable particularly good for the drive device.
  • the height of the tube is approximately 10 to 12 m and the height of the downpipe about 8 to 10 m.
  • the height of the tube is approximately 2 m above the fall height. This minimum fall height from about 8 to 10 m ensures that the turbine and thus the tube with the required Speed is driven to the necessary centrifugal force the wastewater from the turbine and the wastewater along the inner wall to let the tube shoot up towards the overflow.
  • Another development of the drive device according to the invention suggests that three downpipes be provided. These are evenly around to arrange the circumference of the shaft. Of course, less can or more than the three downpipes can be used.
  • a preferred development of the drive device according to the invention suggests that radially inclined upwards within the tube, helical baffles are arranged with the shaft as an axis. By these baffles give the tube an extra torque because of the water constantly presses against these guide plates on its way up thus generating the additional torque.
  • the baffles are fixed the shaft and thus firmly connected to the tube.
  • the angle of the guide plates with respect to the vertical is preferably about 45 °.
  • this preferred embodiment suggested that the tube and / or the baffles with an air friction reducing Material are disguised. This causes friction losses reduced to a minimum.
  • a second preferred development of the drive device according to the invention suggests that the overflow of the tube be directed nozzles, in particular, nozzles curved opposite to the direction of rotation of the shaft has, through which the overflowing liquid flows that the Tube experiences additional torque. This will make it rotate water still at the top of the tube in the area of the overflow once used for additional torque. This is done by the Centrifugal force pushing water outwards to form a dynamic pressure pressed through the appropriately aligned nozzles, so that a further thrust arises.
  • the overflow preferably has an annular basin in which the liquid is dusty and in which the nozzles are embedded.
  • This Ringbekken is firmly connected to the tube and rotates with it.
  • the drive device first has a vertically aligned shaft 1 on, which is rotatably mounted in schematically indicated bearings 2.
  • the shaft 1 is surrounded by a tube 3, in the central axis of which the shaft 1 lies and which is firmly connected to the shaft 1, so that during a rotary movement the shaft 1 co-rotates the tube 3.
  • the drawing shows that the tube 3 widens conically towards the top, this being conical Extension at the bottom of the floor area is larger for a short distance than in the area above.
  • the upper edge of the tube 3 is essentially horizontal bent radially outward and defines an overflow 4 with a Annular basin 5, which is firmly connected to the tube 3 and the upper Edge region of this tube 3 defined.
  • In the ring basin 5 are curved Nozzles 6 inserted.
  • a Pelton-like turbine 7 is located in the lower region of the tube 3 with blades 8. This turbine 7 is also fixed on the shaft 1.
  • Tube 3 In the area above the turbine 7 and below the overflow 4 Tube 3 are helical baffles 9, which are also fixed to the Wave 1 and the tube 3 are connected and therefore also at one Rotational movement of the shaft 1 together with the tube 3 and the turbine 7 rotate with it. These baffles 9 are at an angle to the vertical of approximately 45 ° adjusted. In the drawing are the helical baffles 9 only shown in sections. However, they preferably range from below the turbine 7 up to the overflow 4.
  • the tube 3 is underneath the turbine 7 from a fixed one Bottom 11 completed, which does not co-rotate with the shaft 1.
  • This floor 11 is formed for example by a sheet and is in the radial direction tilted down.
  • These downpipes 13 are up towards the overflow 4 of the tube 3 out and connected to an annular collection container 14, the as well as the downpipes 13 and the bottom 11 together with the nozzles 12 is fixed.
  • the height of the downpipes 13 is approximately 8 to 10 m, while the height the tube 3 is approximately 10 to 12 m.
  • the drive device works as follows:
  • the drive device is first the shaft 1, for example by means of a Electric motor brought to a certain speed of rotation. Thereby the turbine 4 and the tube 3 rotate together with the guide plates 9 identical to, since only the collecting container 14, the downpipes 13 and the bottom 11 are fixed as the only parts.
  • the valves in the downpipes 13 are opened and the Liquid 15 falls from the collecting container 14 through the downpipes 13 down and passes through the inlets 11 in the bottom 12 such through that the blades 8 of the turbine 7 are acted upon by the liquid 15 are and thus the turbine 7 is driven. Because unity other than the fixed parts in a rotational movement, experiences the liquid 15 which has acted on the blades 8 of the turbine 7, a centrifugal force and is therefore radially outward towards the inner wall 16 thrown the tube 3. Because of the rotation of the tube 3 and due to the conical shape, the liquid 15 experiences a Force component upwards and therefore shoots in the direction of overflow 4 in vertical direction upwards along the inner wall 16 of the tube 3. Any splash water from the blades 8 of the turbine 7 is through the floor 11 caught. Due to the inclination of this floor 11 is down the spray water is radially discharged and reaches the area of effect Tube 3. It accelerates immediately and shoots upwards equally.
  • the liquid 15 collects in the area of the overflow 4 Ring basin 5 and jams there to form a dynamic pressure.
  • inclined nozzles 6 are inserted, the Liquid 15 pressed through these nozzles 6, so that a third and last push arises.
  • the liquid 15 in the annular, fixed collecting container 14 collected. After Completing this first cycle is the electric motor for driving the shaft 1 switched off. At the same time, the liquid 15 is over again the downpipes 13 of the turbine 7 fed to the application thereof, so that the whole process begins anew in the form of a closed cycle.
  • the liquid 15 in circulation makes three Serves drive elements, namely the lower turbine 7, the baffles 9 and finally the upper, curved nozzles 6.
  • the friction of the liquid 15 on the inner wall 16 of the tube 3 is minimal and does not close Functional loads, namely the rotation of the rotatable unit. losses such as bearing friction, air friction, radius expansion (conical tube 3) as well as turbine splash water acceleration play an insignificant role, so that the drive device has a very high efficiency.
  • the tube 3 is dispensed with entirely.
  • a turbine 7 is also on a rotatable shaft 1 Scoops 8 fixed. These blades 8 of the turbine 7 are either from one side or from the other, especially from below or from above with a liquid 15, in particular in the form of water acted upon and rotated.
  • annular basin 5 In the radial area to the blades 8 of the turbine 7 there is an annular basin 5, in which inclined nozzles 6 are embedded, the Unit consisting of the ring basin 5 and the nozzles 6 also firmly on the shaft 1 is arranged.
  • the nozzles 6 of the ring basin 5 point also an oblique course, as in the first embodiment was the case.
  • too Blades 8 of the turbine 7 are charged with the liquid 15 in the form of water.
  • the liquid 15 is flung radially after this application and collects in the radially arranged ring basin 5 and generates a back pressure there.
  • This alternative, second embodiment is independent of the first embodiment is an independent invention.

Abstract

A drive mechanism has a vertically upright shaft 1, on which in the lower area a turbine 7 is permanently arranged. A tube 3, which conically widens out upwards, is also permanently arranged on the shaft 1, concentrically enclosing this. In the upper area the tube 3 has an overflow 4. A fixed, annular collecting vessel 14 is located below this overflow 4. From this vessel a liquid 15, especially water, is led downwards by way of fall pipes 13 in such a way that the blades 8 of the turbine 7 are acted upon from beneath by means of this liquid 15. Since the tube 3 has previously been caused to rotate, for example by means of an electric motor, the water, due to the centrifugal force and the conical design of the tube 3, shoots upwards and after passing the overflow 4 collects in the collecting vessel 14. In addition helical baffle plates 9, set at an inclined angle, can be provided inside the tube 3 and nozzles 6 can be provided in the area of the overflow 4 for the generation of additional torques.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Antriebsvorrichtung mit einer um eine senkrechte Achse drehbaren, nach oben hin konisch sich erweiternden Röhre, die im Bodenbereich eine Zuführung für Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Wasser, und im oberen Randbereich einen Überlauf mit einem zugeordneten, feststehenden Sammelbehälter für überlaufende Flüssigkeit aufweist, wobei vom Sammelbehälter wenigstens ein Fallrohr ausgeht und eine Turbine beaufschlagt, sowie mit einem Motor, insbesondere Elektromotor, der die Röhre zur Inbetriebnahme der Antriebsvorrichtung nach deren Stillstand auf eine bestimmte Anfangsumdrehungsgeschwindigkeit bringt und wobei anschließend der Motor abgestellt wird.The invention relates to a drive device with a rotatable about a vertical axis, tube conically widening towards the top, which feeds into the bottom area for liquid, in particular water, and an overflow with a assigned, fixed collection container for overflowing liquid, wherein at least one down pipe extends from the collecting container and acts on a turbine, and with a motor, in particular an electric motor, the tube for starting the drive device after they have stopped at a certain initial rotational speed brings and then the engine is turned off.

In der FR-A-2 310 017 ist in Fig. 2 eine Antriebsvorrichtung der eingangs angegebenen Art offenbart, welche offensichtlich als Perpetuum mobile wirken soll. Diese Antriebsvorrichtung weist eine nach oben hin konisch sich erweiternde Röhre auf, die auf Rollen um ihre senkrechte Längsmittelachse drehbar gelagert ist und dabei mittels eines Motors angetrieben werden kann. Im unteren Bereich der Röhre weist diese eine mittige Öffnung auf, welche in ein Wasservorratsbecken getaucht ist. Im oberen Bereich weist die Röhre einen Art Überlauf auf, an welchen sich ein senkrecht nach oben sich erstreckendes Rohr anschließt, welches in einem feststehenden Sammelbehälter für das Wasser mündet. Dieser Sammelbehälter weist ein Fallrohr auf, an dessen unterem Ende sich eine Turbine befindet. Der Auslaß dieser Turbine mündet in dem bereits zuvor erwähnten Wassersammelbehälter. Die Antriebsvorrichtung funktioniert wie folgt: Zunächst wird mittels des Motors die Röhre auf eine bestimmte Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit gebracht. Nachdem diese vorgegebene Anfangsumdrehungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht worden ist, wird der Motor abgestellt. Durch die Zentrifugalkraft wird das im unteren Röhrenbereich befindliche Wasser entlang der Innenwandung nach oben transportiert und gelangt dabei nach Passieren des Überlaufs und des Steigrohres in den Sammelbehälter. Von dort gelangt das Wasser in das Fallrohr und beaufschlagt dabei die Turbine. Diese gibt elektrische Energie ab, wobei ein Teil dieser elektrischen Energie zum Antrieb der Röhre verwendet wird, während der Rest anderweitig genutzt werden kann. Das die Turbine verlassende Wasser wird im Wassersammelbehälter aufgefangen und gelangt erneut in den Kreislauf. In FR-A-2 310 017 in Fig. 2 is a drive device of the type specified discloses, which should obviously act as a perpetuum mobile. This drive device has a tube that widens conically towards the top and that rolls on its vertical axis Longitudinal central axis is rotatably supported and driven by a motor can be. In the lower area of the tube, this has a central opening, which in a water reservoir is submerged. The tube has a kind of overflow in the upper area to which is connected a pipe which extends vertically upwards, which flows into a fixed collection container for the water. This collection container has a downpipe, at the lower end of which there is a turbine. Of the The outlet of this turbine opens into the water collection container already mentioned. The Drive device works as follows: First, the tube is placed on a motor certain rotational speed brought. After this predetermined initial rotation speed the engine is switched off. Through the Centrifugal force is the water in the lower tube area along the Inner wall transported upwards and passes after passing the overflow and the Riser into the collection container. From there, the water gets into the downpipe and acts on it the turbine. This gives off electrical energy, part of which is electrical Energy is used to drive the tube while the rest is used elsewhere can be. The water leaving the turbine is in the water reservoir caught and gets back into the cycle.

Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine eine zeitlang funktionierende Antriebsvorrichtung unter Verwendung einer durch eine Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Wasser beaufschlagbaren Turbine mit einer verlustbehafteten Energiespeicherung zu schaffen.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to create a drive device which functions for a period of time using a turbine which can be acted upon by a liquid, in particular water, with lossy energy storage.

Als technische Lösung wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß in der Achse der Röhre liegend eine senkrecht stehende, drehbare Welle angeordnet ist, mit der die Röhre verbunden ist und auf der im Bodenbereich der Röhre die Turbine fest angeordnet ist, welche über das im Bodenbereich der Röhre mündende Fallrohr von unten mit der Flüssigkeit beaufschlagbar ist und dabei die Welle und somit die Röhre direkt antreibt, daß das Fallrohr ein Ventil aufweist und daß der Sammelbehälter unterhalb des Überlaufs der Röhre angeordnet ist.As a technical solution , the invention proposes that a vertical, rotatable shaft is arranged lying in the axis of the tube, with which the tube is connected and on the bottom of the tube, the turbine is fixed, which over the bottom of the The downpipe opening into the tube can be acted upon from below with the liquid and thereby drives the shaft and thus the tube directly, that the downpipe has a valve and that the collecting container is arranged below the overflow of the tube.

Dadurch ist eine eine zeitlang funktionierende Antriebsvorrichtung geschaffen, welche als Energiespeicher verwendet werden kann. Die Grundidee der Erfindung besteht dabei darin, die Welle und damit die Röhre dieser Antriebsvorrichtung zunächst mittels eines Motors auf eine bestimmte Anfangsumdrehungsgeschwindigkeit zu bringen. Dies dient der Inbetriebnahme der Antriebsvorrichtung nach deren Stillstand. Diese Anfangsumdrehungsgeschwindigkeit kann beispielsweise mittels eines Elektromotors aufgegeben werden. Nachdem die Antriebsvorrichtung ihre Anfangsumdrehungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht hat, wird der Motor abgestellt und man läßt das Wasser vom oberen Sammelbehälter durch die Fallrohre nach unten strömen, so daß die Schaufeln der Turbine von unten angestrahlt werden und dadurch ein Antrieb der Turbine erfolgt. Da die Röhre eine bestimmte Anfangsumdrehungsgeschwindigkeit besitzt, wirkt auf das Wasser eine Zentrifugalkraft, so daß es nach dem Beaufschlagen der Turbine an das Innere der Röhre gepreßt wird. Da diese konisch ausgestaltet ist, schießt das Wasser nach oben, um nach Passieren des Überlaufs in dem Sammelbehälter wieder aufgefangen zu werden, so daß ein neuer Kreislauf beginnen kann. Diese Kreisläufe setzen sich so lange fort, bis die im Wasser gespeicherte kinetische sowie potentielle Energie aufgebraucht ist und das Wasser aufgrund der Drehgeschwindigkeit der Welle sowie der Röhre nicht mehr vollständig hinaufkriechen und in den oberen Sammelbehälter gelangen kann. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt kommt die Antriebsvorrichtung dann zum Stillstand. As a result, a drive device that functions for a time is created, which as Energy storage can be used. The basic idea of the invention is the shaft and thus the tube of this drive device first by means of a motor to bring a certain initial rotational speed. This serves the Commissioning of the drive device after it has come to a standstill. This initial speed of rotation can be abandoned, for example, by means of an electric motor. After this the drive device has reached its initial rotational speed, the Engine switched off and the water from the upper collecting tank is let through the downpipes flow downwards so that the blades of the turbine are illuminated from below and thereby driving the turbine. Because the tube has a certain initial rotational speed possesses, a centrifugal force acts on the water, so that it is applied when it is applied the turbine is pressed against the inside of the tube. Because this is conical is, the water shoots up to pass through the overflow in the Collection container to be collected again so that a new cycle can begin. These cycles continue until the kinetic as well as stored in the water potential energy is used up and the water due to the rotational speed of the Do not crawl the shaft and tube all the way up and into the upper collecting container can reach. From this point in time, the drive device comes to a standstill.

In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Röhre unten durch einen feststehenden Boden abgeschlossen ist, in dem ausgerichtete Düsen der Fallrohre münden. Dadurch ist eine technisch einfache Möglichkeit zum Beaufschlagen des Wassers ausgehend von den feststehenden Fallrohren auf die rotierende Turbine gegeben, wobei die Mündungsdüsen der Fallrohre derart schräg ausgerichtet sind, daß eine optimale Beaufschlagung der Schaufeln der Turbine mit einem hohen Wirkungsgrad realisiert ist. Bei dem feststehenden Boden kann es sich dabei beispielsweise um ein Blech handeln, welches die Funktion eines Tropfbleches erfüllt, welches das Spritzwasser der Turbinenschaufeln auffängt. In diesem Blech sind die Mündungsdüsen der Fallrohre eingebaut und ausgerichtet.In a development of the invention it is proposed that the tube is completed below by a fixed floor in which aligned Downpipe nozzles open. This makes it technically simple Possibility to pressurize the water from the fixed Downpipes are placed on the rotating turbine, with the outlet nozzles the downpipes are so inclined that optimal loading the blades of the turbine with high efficiency is. The fixed floor can be, for example act a plate that fulfills the function of a drip plate, which catches the splashing water from the turbine blades. They are in this sheet Mouth nozzles of the downpipes installed and aligned.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung hiervon schlägt vor, daß der Boden in radialer Richtung nach unten geneigt ist. Dadurch wird zusätzlich zur auf das Wasser wirkenden Zentrifugalkraft, welche das Spritzwasser in Richtung Innenwand der Röhre schleudert, ein zusätzlicher Ablauf radial nach außen gewährleistet und das Wasser sammelt sich im äußeren Übergangsbereich zwischen dem runden, feststehenden Boden und der rotierenden Röhre. Das sich in diesem Bereich ansammelnde Wasser wird aufgrund der Rotationsbewegung der Röhre sofort beschleunigt und schießt gleichermaßen wie das direkt auf die Innenwand der Röhre auftreffende Abwasser der Turbine nach oben.A preferred development of this suggests that the bottom in radial Is inclined downwards. This will add to the Water acting centrifugal force, which splashes water towards the inner wall the tube hurls, an additional drain radially outwards guaranteed and the water collects in the outer transition area between the round, fixed bottom and the rotating tube. The Water accumulating in this area becomes due to the rotational movement the tube instantly accelerates and shoots just like that Turbine wastewater directly hitting the inner wall of the tube up.

Eine weitere Weiterbildung schlägt vor, daß sich die Röhre unten im Bereich der Turbine stärker nach oben hin konisch erweitert als im Bereich darüber. Dies bringt den Vorteil mit sich, daß das in diesem Bereich der Turbine auf die Innenwand der Röhre auftreffende Abwasser besser nach oben geleitet wird.Another development suggests that the tube is in the area below the turbine widens more conically upwards than in the area above. This has the advantage that this is in this area of the turbine wastewater hitting the inner wall of the tube is better up is directed.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung schlägt vor, daß die Fallrohre die Flüssigkeit derart auf die Schaufeln der Turbine leiten und dabei die Schaufeln der Turbine derart angestellt sind, daß die Flüssigkeit durch die Schaufeln größtenteils mit einer Radialkomponente reflektierbar ist. Diese Weiterbildung bringt den Vorteil mit sich, daß das Abwasser der Turbine direkt auf die Innenwand der Röhre trifft und somit unmittelbar nach oben transportiert wird, ohne daß es beispielsweise als Spritzwasser auf den feststehenden Boden auftrifft. Dadurch werden die Verluste noch weiter vermindert.A preferred development of the invention proposes that the downpipes direct the liquid onto the blades of the turbine in this way and the Blades of the turbine are adjusted so that the liquid through the Most of the blades can be reflected with a radial component. This Training has the advantage that the waste water from the turbine directly hits the inner wall of the tube and thus directly upwards is transported without being splashed on the fixed floor hits. This increases the losses even further reduced.

Vorzugsweise ist die Turbine eine Pelton-ähnliche Turbine. Diese eignet sich besonders gut für die Antriebsvorrichtung.The turbine is preferably a Pelton-like turbine. This is suitable particularly good for the drive device.

Vorzugsweise beträgt die Höhe der Röhre ungefähr 10 bis 12 m und die Höhe des Fallrohres ungefähr 8 bis 10 m. Somit liegt die Höhe der Röhre ungefähr 2 m über der Fallhöhe. Diese minimale Fallhöhe von ungefähr 8 bis 10 m stellt sicher, daß die Turbine und damit die Röhre mit der erforderlichen Drehzahl angetrieben wird, um die notwendige Zentrifugalkraft auf das Abwasser der Turbine auszuüben und das Abwasser entlang der Innenwand der Röhre nach oben hin zum Überlauf schießen zu lassen.Preferably the height of the tube is approximately 10 to 12 m and the height of the downpipe about 8 to 10 m. Thus the height of the tube is approximately 2 m above the fall height. This minimum fall height from about 8 to 10 m ensures that the turbine and thus the tube with the required Speed is driven to the necessary centrifugal force the wastewater from the turbine and the wastewater along the inner wall to let the tube shoot up towards the overflow.

Eine weitere Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung schlägt vor, daß drei Fallrohre vorgesehen sind. Diese sind gleichmäßig um den Umfang der Welle anzuordnen. Selbstverständlich können auch weniger oder aber auch mehr als die drei Fallrohre verwendet werden.Another development of the drive device according to the invention suggests that three downpipes be provided. These are evenly around to arrange the circumference of the shaft. Of course, less can or more than the three downpipes can be used.

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung schlägt vor, daß innerhalb der Röhre radial schräg nach oben angestellte, wendelförmige Leitbleche mit der Welle als Achse angeordnet sind. Durch diese Leitbleche erfährt die Röhre ein zusätzliches Drehmoment, da das Wasser auf seinem Weg nach oben unablässig gegen diese Leitbleche drückt und somit das zusätzliche Drehmoment erzeugt. Dabei sind die Leitbleche fest mit der Welle und damit fest mit der Röhre verbunden.A preferred development of the drive device according to the invention suggests that radially inclined upwards within the tube, helical baffles are arranged with the shaft as an axis. By these baffles give the tube an extra torque because of the water constantly presses against these guide plates on its way up thus generating the additional torque. The baffles are fixed the shaft and thus firmly connected to the tube.

Vorzugsweise beträgt der Winkel der Leitbleche bezüglich zur Vertikalen ungefähr 45°.The angle of the guide plates with respect to the vertical is preferably about 45 °.

Schließlich wird in einer Weiterbildung dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform vorgeschlagen, daß die Röhre und/oder die Leitbleche mit einem luftreibungsmindernden Material verkleidet sind. Dadurch werden Reibungsverluste auf ein Minimum reduziert. Finally, in a further development, this preferred embodiment suggested that the tube and / or the baffles with an air friction reducing Material are disguised. This causes friction losses reduced to a minimum.

Eine zweite bevorzugte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung schlägt vor, daß der Überlauf der Röhre derart gerichtete Düsen, insbesondere entgegengesetzt zur Drehrichtung der Welle gebogene Düsen aufweist, durch welche die überlaufende Flüssigkeit hindurchströmt, daß die Röhre ein zusätzliches Drehmoment erfährt. Dadurch wird das in Rotation befindliche Wasser am oberen Ende der Röhre im Bereich des Überlaufs noch einmal für ein zusätzliches Drehmoment genutzt. Dabei wird das durch die Zentrifugalkraft nach außen drückende Wasser unter Bildung eines Staudruckes durch die entsprechend ausgerichteten Düsen gepreßt, so daß ein weiterer Schub entsteht.A second preferred development of the drive device according to the invention suggests that the overflow of the tube be directed nozzles, in particular, nozzles curved opposite to the direction of rotation of the shaft has, through which the overflowing liquid flows that the Tube experiences additional torque. This will make it rotate water still at the top of the tube in the area of the overflow once used for additional torque. This is done by the Centrifugal force pushing water outwards to form a dynamic pressure pressed through the appropriately aligned nozzles, so that a further thrust arises.

Dabei weist der Überlauf vorzugsweise ein Ringbecken auf, in dem die Flüssigkeit staubar ist und in dem die Düsen eingelassen sind. Dieses Ringbekken ist dabei fest mit der Röhre verbunden und rotiert mit diesem mit.The overflow preferably has an annular basin in which the liquid is dusty and in which the nozzles are embedded. This Ringbekken is firmly connected to the tube and rotates with it.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Diese zeigt einen rein schematischen Längsschnitt durch die Antriebsvorrichtung.An embodiment of a drive device according to the invention is described below with reference to the drawing. This shows a purely schematic Longitudinal section through the drive device.

Die Antriebsvorrichtung weist zunächst eine senkrecht ausgerichtete Welle 1 auf, die in schematisch angedeuteten Lagern 2 drehbar gelagert ist.The drive device first has a vertically aligned shaft 1 on, which is rotatably mounted in schematically indicated bearings 2.

Die Welle 1 ist von einer Röhre 3 umgeben, in deren Mittelachse die Welle 1 liegt und die fest mit der Welle 1 verbunden ist, so daß bei einer Drehbewegung der Welle 1 die Röhre 3 mitrotiert. In der Zeichnung ist erkennbar, daß sich die Röhre 3 nach oben hin konisch erweitert, wobei diese konische Erweiterung ganz unten im Bodenbereich für eine kurze Strecke größer ist als im Bereich darüber. Der obere Rand der Röhre 3 ist im wesentlichen horizontal radial nach außen gebogen und definiert einen Überlauf 4 mit einem Ringbecken 5, welches fest mit der Röhre 3 verbunden ist und den oberen Randbereich dieser Röhre 3 definiert. In dem Ringbecken 5 sind gebogende Düsen 6 eingelassen.The shaft 1 is surrounded by a tube 3, in the central axis of which the shaft 1 lies and which is firmly connected to the shaft 1, so that during a rotary movement the shaft 1 co-rotates the tube 3. The drawing shows that the tube 3 widens conically towards the top, this being conical Extension at the bottom of the floor area is larger for a short distance than in the area above. The upper edge of the tube 3 is essentially horizontal bent radially outward and defines an overflow 4 with a Annular basin 5, which is firmly connected to the tube 3 and the upper Edge region of this tube 3 defined. In the ring basin 5 are curved Nozzles 6 inserted.

Im unteren Bereich der Röhre 3 befindet sich eine Pelton-ähnliche Turbine 7 mit Schaufeln 8. Diese Turbine 7 ist ebenfalls fest auf der Welle 1 angeordnet. A Pelton-like turbine 7 is located in the lower region of the tube 3 with blades 8. This turbine 7 is also fixed on the shaft 1.

Im Bereich oberhalb der Turbine 7 sowie unterhalb des Überlaufs 4 der Röhre 3 befinden sich wendelförmige Leitbleche 9, die ebenfalls fest mit der Welle 1 sowie mit der Röhre 3 verbunden sind und daher ebenfalls bei einer Drehbewegung der Welle 1 zusammen mit der Röhre 3 und der Turbine 7 mitrotieren. Diese Leitbleche 9 sind mit einem Winkel zur Vertikalen von ungefähr 45° angestellt. In der Zeichnung sind die wendelförmigen Leitbleche 9 nur ausschnittsweise dargestellt. Sie reichen aber vorzugsweise unten von der Turbine 7 bis oben hin zum Überlauf 4.In the area above the turbine 7 and below the overflow 4 Tube 3 are helical baffles 9, which are also fixed to the Wave 1 and the tube 3 are connected and therefore also at one Rotational movement of the shaft 1 together with the tube 3 and the turbine 7 rotate with it. These baffles 9 are at an angle to the vertical of approximately 45 ° adjusted. In the drawing are the helical baffles 9 only shown in sections. However, they preferably range from below the turbine 7 up to the overflow 4.

Die Röhre 3 ist unterseitig unterhalb der Turbine 7 von einem feststehenden Boden 11 abgeschlossen, der nicht mit der Welle 1 mitrotiert. Dieser Boden 11 ist beispielsweise durch ein Blech gebildet und ist in radialer Richtung nach unten geneigt. In diesem Boden 11 münden Düsen 12 von drei Fallrohren 13. Diese Fallrohre 13 sind nach oben in Richtung Überlauf 4 der Röhre 3 geführt und an einen ringförmigen Sammelbehälter 14 angeschlossen, der ebenso wie die Fallrohre 13 und der Boden 11 zusammen mit den Düsen 12 feststehend ist. In dem Sammelbehälter 14 befindet sich eine Flüssigkeit 15, insbesondere Wasser.The tube 3 is underneath the turbine 7 from a fixed one Bottom 11 completed, which does not co-rotate with the shaft 1. This floor 11 is formed for example by a sheet and is in the radial direction tilted down. In this floor 11, nozzles 12 of three downpipes open 13. These downpipes 13 are up towards the overflow 4 of the tube 3 out and connected to an annular collection container 14, the as well as the downpipes 13 and the bottom 11 together with the nozzles 12 is fixed. There is a liquid 15 in the collecting container 14, especially water.

Die Höhe der Fallrohre 13 beträgt ungefähr 8 bis 10 m, während die Höhe der Röhre 3 ungefähr 10 bis 12 m beträgt.The height of the downpipes 13 is approximately 8 to 10 m, while the height the tube 3 is approximately 10 to 12 m.

Die Antriebsvorrichtung funktioniert wie folgt:The drive device works as follows:

Wie bereits erwähnt, befindet sich in dem oberen, feststehenden Sammelbehälter 14 Flüssigkeit 15, insbesondere Wasser. Die Zuleitung zu den angeschlossenen Fallrohren 13 ist dabei vor Inbetriebnahme der Antriebsvorrichtung durch nicht dargestellte Ventile geschlossen. Zur Inbetriebnahme der Antriebsvorrichtung wird zunächst die Welle 1 beispielsweise mittels eines Elektromotors in eine bestimmte Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit gebracht. Dadurch rotieren die Turbine 4 sowie die Röhre 3 zusammen mit den Leitblechen 9 identisch mit, da nur der Sammelbehälter 14, die Fallrohre 13 sowie der Boden 11 als einzige Teile feststehend sind.As already mentioned, is located in the upper, fixed collecting container 14 liquid 15, especially water. The supply line to the connected Downpipes 13 is before commissioning the drive device closed by valves, not shown. To start up the The drive device is first the shaft 1, for example by means of a Electric motor brought to a certain speed of rotation. Thereby the turbine 4 and the tube 3 rotate together with the guide plates 9 identical to, since only the collecting container 14, the downpipes 13 and the bottom 11 are fixed as the only parts.

Nachdem die Welle 1 auf die erforderliche Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit gebracht worden ist, werden die Ventile in den Fallrohren 13 geöffnet und die Flüssigkeit 15 fällt ausgehend vom Sammelbehälter 14 durch die Fallrohre 13 nach unten und tritt durch die im Boden 11 eingelassenen Düsen 12 derart hindurch, daß die Schaufeln 8 der Turbine 7 mit der Flüssigkeit 15 beaufschlagt werden und somit die Turbine 7 angetrieben wird. Da sich die Einheit außer den feststehenden Teilen in einer Drehbewegung befindet, erfährt die Flüssigkeit 15, welche die Schaufeln 8 der Turbine 7 beaufschlagt hat, eine Zentrifugalkraft und wird daher radial nach außen in Richtung Innenwand 16 der Röhre 3 geschleudert. Aufgrund der Drehbewegung der Röhre 3 sowie aufgrund der konischen Ausbildung erfährt die Flüssigkeit 15 eine Kraftkomponente nach oben und schießt daher in Richtung Überlauf 4 in vertikaler Richtung nach oben entlang der Innenwand 16 der Röhre 3. Eventuelles Spritzwasser der Schaufeln 8 der Turbine 7 wird durch den Boden 11 aufgefangen. Durch die Neigung dieses Bodens 11 nach unten wird das Spritzwasser radial abgeführt und gelangt in den Wirkungsbereich der Röhre 3. Es wird sofort beschleunigt und schießt gleichermaßen nach oben.After the shaft 1 brought to the required speed of rotation has been, the valves in the downpipes 13 are opened and the Liquid 15 falls from the collecting container 14 through the downpipes 13 down and passes through the inlets 11 in the bottom 12 such through that the blades 8 of the turbine 7 are acted upon by the liquid 15 are and thus the turbine 7 is driven. Because unity other than the fixed parts in a rotational movement, experiences the liquid 15 which has acted on the blades 8 of the turbine 7, a centrifugal force and is therefore radially outward towards the inner wall 16 thrown the tube 3. Because of the rotation of the tube 3 and due to the conical shape, the liquid 15 experiences a Force component upwards and therefore shoots in the direction of overflow 4 in vertical direction upwards along the inner wall 16 of the tube 3. Any splash water from the blades 8 of the turbine 7 is through the floor 11 caught. Due to the inclination of this floor 11 is down the spray water is radially discharged and reaches the area of effect Tube 3. It accelerates immediately and shoots upwards equally.

Auf diesem Weg nach oben beaufschlagt das Wasser die wendelförmigen Leitbleche 9, so daß die Röhre 3 ein zusätzliches Drehmoment erhält, da die Flüssigkeit 15 unablässig gegen die Leitbleche 9 drückt.In this way, the water acts on the helical baffles 9, so that the tube 3 receives an additional torque, since the Liquid 15 presses continuously against the guide plates 9.

Schließlich sammelt sich die Flüssigkeit 15 im Bereich des Überlaufs 4 im Ringbecken 5 und staut sich dort unter Bildung eines Staudruckes. Da in dem Ringbecken 5 schräg verlaufende Düsen 6 eingelassen sind, wird die Flüssigkeit 15 durch diese Düsen 6 hindurchgepreßt, so daß ein dritter und letzter Schub entsteht.Finally, the liquid 15 collects in the area of the overflow 4 Ring basin 5 and jams there to form a dynamic pressure. There in the ring basin 5 inclined nozzles 6 are inserted, the Liquid 15 pressed through these nozzles 6, so that a third and last push arises.

Nach dem Austritt aus diesen gebogenen Düsen 6 wird die Flüssigkeit 15 in dem ringförmigen, feststehenden Sammelbehälter 14 aufgefangen. Nach Vollendung dieses ersten Kreislaufes wird der Elekromotor zum Antreiben der Welle 1 abgeschaltet. Gleichzeitig wird die Flüssigkeit 15 erneut über die Fallrohre 13 der Turbine 7 zu deren Beaufschlagung zugeführt, so daß der ganze Vorgang in Form eines geschlossenen Kreislaufes von neuem beginnt.After exiting these curved nozzles 6, the liquid 15 in the annular, fixed collecting container 14 collected. After Completing this first cycle is the electric motor for driving the shaft 1 switched off. At the same time, the liquid 15 is over again the downpipes 13 of the turbine 7 fed to the application thereof, so that the whole process begins anew in the form of a closed cycle.

Insgesamt werden also durch die im Umlauf befindliche Flüssigkeit 15 drei Antriebselemente bedient, nämlich die untere Turbine 7, die Leitbleche 9 sowie schließlich die oberen, gebogenen Düsen 6. Da die Umdrehung der Röhre 3 sowie die in ihr mitrotierende Flüssigkeit 15 nahezu identisch sind und somit nur ein vertikaler Reibungsweg besteht, ist die Reibung der Flüssigkeit 15 an der Innenwand 16 der Röhre 3 nur minimal und geht nicht zu Lasten der Funktion, nämlich der Umdrehung der drehbaren Einheit. Verluste wie Lagerreibung, Luftreibung, Radiuserweiterung (konische Röhre 3) sowie Turbinenspritzwasserbeschleunigung spielen eine unbedeutende Rolle, so daß die Antriebsvorrichtung einen sehr hohen Wirkungsgrad besitzt.In total, the liquid 15 in circulation makes three Serves drive elements, namely the lower turbine 7, the baffles 9 and finally the upper, curved nozzles 6. As the rotation of the tube 3 and the co-rotating liquid 15 in it are almost identical and thus there is only a vertical path of friction, is the friction of the liquid 15 on the inner wall 16 of the tube 3 is minimal and does not close Functional loads, namely the rotation of the rotatable unit. losses such as bearing friction, air friction, radius expansion (conical tube 3) as well as turbine splash water acceleration play an insignificant role, so that the drive device has a very high efficiency.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform wird auf die Röhre 3 gänzlich verzichtet. Dabei ist ebenfalls auf einer drehbaren Welle 1 eine Turbine 7 mit Schaufeln 8 fest angeordnet. Diese Schaufeln 8 der Turbine 7 werden entweder von der einen Seite her oder von der anderen, insbesondere von unten oder von oben mit einer Flüssigkeit 15 insbesondere in Form von Wasser beaufschlagt und in eine Drehbewegung versetzt.In an alternative embodiment, the tube 3 is dispensed with entirely. A turbine 7 is also on a rotatable shaft 1 Scoops 8 fixed. These blades 8 of the turbine 7 are either from one side or from the other, especially from below or from above with a liquid 15, in particular in the form of water acted upon and rotated.

Im Radialbereich zu den Schaufeln 8 der Turbine 7 befindet sich ein Ringbecken 5, in dem schräg verlaufende Düsen 6 eingelassen sind, wobei die Einheit bestehend aus dem Ringbecken 5 und den Düsen 6 ebenfalls fest auf der Welle 1 angeordnet ist. Die Düsen 6 des Ringbeckens 5 weisen dabei ebenfalls einen schrägen Verlauf auf, wie dies bei der ersten Ausführungsform der Fall war.In the radial area to the blades 8 of the turbine 7 there is an annular basin 5, in which inclined nozzles 6 are embedded, the Unit consisting of the ring basin 5 and the nozzles 6 also firmly on the shaft 1 is arranged. The nozzles 6 of the ring basin 5 point also an oblique course, as in the first embodiment was the case.

Auch bei der zweiten Ausführungsform der Antriebsvorrichtung werden die Schaufeln 8 der Turbine 7 mit der Flüssigkeit 15 in Form von Wasser beaufschlagt. Die Flüssigkeit 15 wird nach dieser Beaufschlagung radial weggeschleudert und sammelt sich im radial angeordneten Ringbecken 5 und erzeugt dort einen Staudruck. Durch die schräg verlaufenden Düsen 6, durch die die Flüssigkeit 15 aufgrund des Staudrucks austritt, wird auf die Welle 1 ein zusätzliches Drehmoment ausgeübt, welches die durch die Turbine 7 bewirkte Drehmomentausübung unterstützt, so daß ein zweiter, zusätzlicher Schub entsteht, welcher den Wirkungsgrad der Turbine 7 erhöht. Diese alternative, zweite Ausführungsform stellt unabhängig von der ersten Ausführungsform eine selbständige Erfindung dar.In the second embodiment of the drive device, too Blades 8 of the turbine 7 are charged with the liquid 15 in the form of water. The liquid 15 is flung radially after this application and collects in the radially arranged ring basin 5 and generates a back pressure there. Through the oblique nozzles 6, through which the liquid 15 escapes due to the dynamic pressure is on the shaft 1 exerted an additional torque, which the turbine 7 effected torque exertion supported, so that a second, additional Thrust occurs, which increases the efficiency of the turbine 7. This alternative, second embodiment is independent of the first embodiment is an independent invention.

Claims (14)

  1. Drive device
    with a tube (3) rotatable about a vertical axis and expanding conically upwards, which has in its base area a supply for fluid (15), in particular water, and in the upper edge area an overflow (4) with an allocated fixed collection container (14) for overflowing fluid (15), where at least one fall pipe (13) emerges from the collection container and is directed onto a turbine (7), and with a motor, in particular an electric motor, which to start the drive device after its stoppage brings the tube (3) to a specific starting rotation speed, where the motor is then switched off,
    characterised in that
    arranged lying in the axis of the tube (3) is a vertical rotatable shaft (1) with which the tube (3) is connected and on which the turbine (7) is firmly attached in the base area of the tube (3), where the said turbine can receive the fluid (15) from below via the fall pipe (13) opening in the base area of the tube (3) and thus drive the shaft (1) and thus the tube (3) direct,
    in that the fall pipe (13) has a valve, and
    in that the collection container (14) is arranged below the overflow (4) of the tube (3).
  2. Drive device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the tube (3) is closed underneath by a fixed base (11) into which aligned nozzles (12) of the fall pipes (13) open.
  3. Drive device according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the base (11) is inclined downwards in the radial direction.
  4. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the tube (3) expands conically upwards more at the base in the area of the turbine (7) than in the area above this.
  5. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the fall pipes (13) guide the fluid (15) onto the blades (8) of the turbine (7) and the blades (8) of the turbine (7) are set such that the fluid (15) can be reflected by the blades (8) mostly with a radial component.
  6. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the turbine (7) is a Pelton-like turbine (7).
  7. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the height of the tube (3) is approximately 10 to 12 m.
  8. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the height of the fall pipe (13) is approximately 8 to 10 m.
  9. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    three fall pipes (13) are provided.
  10. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    within the tube (3) are arranged helical fins (9) angled radially obliquely upwards with the shaft (1) as the axis.
  11. Drive device according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the angle of the fins (9) to the vertical is approximately 45°.
  12. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
       the tube (3) and/or the fins (9) are covered with a material which reduces air friction.
  13. Drive device according to any of the previous claims,
    characterised in that
    the overflow (4) of the tube (3) has nozzles (6), in particular nozzles (6) which are bent opposite the direction of rotation of the shaft (1) and through which flows the overflowing fluid (15), directed such that the tube (3) acquires additional torque.
  14. Drive device according to claim 13,
    characterised in that
    the overflow (4) has an annular basin (5) in which the fluid (15) can be retained and in which the nozzles (6) are inlet.
EP92120170A 1991-12-02 1992-11-26 Drive mechanism Expired - Lifetime EP0545280B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4139633A DE4139633A1 (en) 1991-12-02 1991-12-02 DRIVE DEVICE
DE4139633 1991-12-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0545280A1 EP0545280A1 (en) 1993-06-09
EP0545280B1 true EP0545280B1 (en) 1998-01-07

Family

ID=6446046

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92120170A Expired - Lifetime EP0545280B1 (en) 1991-12-02 1992-11-26 Drive mechanism

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0545280B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE161923T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4139633A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0545280T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2111598T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000029747A2 (en) * 1998-11-10 2000-05-25 Johannes Van Berkum Hydraulic turbomachine
EP1299642B1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2005-12-07 Johannes Van Berkum Hydraulic turbomachine
PL378095A1 (en) * 2005-11-20 2007-05-28 Andrzej Dominik Ziambas System for energy and mass circulation as well as energy generator
JP2016017520A (en) * 2014-07-08 2016-02-01 征忠 内藤 Engine with no-reactive driving force

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2310017A1 (en) * 1974-01-14 1976-11-26 Gabrielli Michel Centrifugal generator drains fluid in through axial tube - and propels it by centrifugal force against turbo generator blades

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4139633A1 (en) 1993-08-12
ATE161923T1 (en) 1998-01-15
ES2111598T3 (en) 1998-03-16
EP0545280A1 (en) 1993-06-09
DE59209109D1 (en) 1998-02-12
DK0545280T3 (en) 1998-09-07

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