EP0543140A2 - Drilling device for civil engineering and method for making stabilizing columns or similar structures in the ground - Google Patents

Drilling device for civil engineering and method for making stabilizing columns or similar structures in the ground Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0543140A2
EP0543140A2 EP92117522A EP92117522A EP0543140A2 EP 0543140 A2 EP0543140 A2 EP 0543140A2 EP 92117522 A EP92117522 A EP 92117522A EP 92117522 A EP92117522 A EP 92117522A EP 0543140 A2 EP0543140 A2 EP 0543140A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drilling
drilling device
crown
tubular casing
tubular
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP92117522A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0543140A3 (en
Inventor
Hansruedi Meier
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GU TIEFBAU AG
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GU TIEFBAU AG
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Publication of EP0543140A2 publication Critical patent/EP0543140A2/en
Publication of EP0543140A3 publication Critical patent/EP0543140A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/002—Drilling with diversely driven shafts extending into the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/385—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with removal of the outer mould-pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/02—Swivel joints in hose-lines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B6/00—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
    • E21B7/201—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes with helical conveying means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling device for civil engineering with in the drilling direction ending in a crown, rotatably driven and hollow drill pipe, the hollow of which is connected to a flushing device.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing stabilizing columns or similar structures in the ground or the like. Soil masses in which a suspension with a binder is injected during a drilling process or after it - especially with a hydraulic binder with calcium silicates and aluminates that hardens under water.
  • Drilling devices of this type are known, for example, as rotary impact drills for rotating and impact drilling. These have a drill carriage as a machine frame with a rotary drill drive and a hammer motor, which interact with a feed drive and can be moved together with a drill rod on the drill carriage.
  • the drill pipe To manufacture the above-mentioned columns - in particular for lengths over 16 m - the drill pipe must be lengthened or shortened manually and the drill carriage for such an attachment and removal must be moved into a lateral rest position. When the extension is removed, injection material can flow out of the column that has already been produced. The one there The resulting cavity will usually fill up when the so-called jetting work is resumed. If this backfilling is not completely successful due to broken ground, there is a localized constriction in the area of the boom change.
  • the inventor has set itself the goal of eliminating the identified shortcomings and improving such a drilling device and the manufacturing method described above.
  • An inner rod bearing the crown and connected to the flushing device is surrounded in a section of its longitudinal extent by a tubular jacket and forms an annular space with the latter.
  • a tubular jacket For this purpose, it has proven to be advantageous to provide the tubular casing with its own rotary drive and preferably to design the inner linkage and tubular casing to be rotatable in opposite directions to one another.
  • the tubular casing ends at a distance from the crown of the inner rod with an annular crown directed towards the latter, which defines an opening and which conveys excess mixture from the bottom of the borehole; according to the invention Annulus connected to a discharge device.
  • the tubular casing has at least one radial opening which connects the annular space to a discharge housing.
  • this discharge housing surrounds a section of the annular space which is widened in cross section; this catching section for the material that is extracted against the direction of drilling contains the breakthrough (s).
  • the suspension reaches radial pressure nozzles in the hollow of the inner rod up to close to the drill bit, which can be closed by a check valve;
  • the inner linkage is provided in its section protruding from the tubular jacket with at least one of these nozzles — connected to the hollow of the inner linkage and approximately radially directed — wherein several nozzles can be distributed axially offset around the circumference of the inner linkage.
  • two coaxially arranged and mutually counter-rotating tube elements - which have crowns in the direction of drilling - produce an eccentric rotation at the point of drilling, the wall thickness of the outer tube element being pre-cut with the crown of the inner rod assembly.
  • the suspension is pressed with high pressure between the two crowns radially to the drilling axis from the inner rod into the surrounding growth.
  • the suspension is introduced into the soil for 3 to 6 minutes, in particular 4 to 5 minutes, per meter of column length and then excess suspension / soil mixture is drawn off through the crown located at the back in the direction of drilling.
  • the risk of “jamming” of the nozzle jet is substantially lower than in the case of uncased jetting due to the counter-rotation of the inner linkage and the piping or pipe jacket and the short distance between the nozzle and the pipe jacket.
  • so-called rotary impact screws can be used as inner rods in soils with a high clay content at no additional cost. This would ensure the functionality of the system even in the event of a very thick backflow.
  • the intended speed of 10 to 15 rpm is low compared to conventional values, but promises better jetting results.
  • the speed can be regulated continuously in the drilling device according to the invention; it is also possible to fundamentally vary the retraction speed during the jet of the individual pile.
  • the formation of the column is to be continuously monitored by monitoring and recording the most important parameters, specifically within the following parameters: * Quantity measurement 0 to 200 rpm * Pressure measurement 0 to 1000 bar * Drilling depth according to vote * Speed of the jet nozzle option
  • an inner rod or inner tube 12 of the drill rod 10 is equipped at one end with a flushing head 14 together with a hose connection 16, through which liquid reaches the hollow 13 of the inner rod 12.
  • the latter bears a striking crown 18 with an axial passage 19 and a cutting edge 20, which is preceded by a check valve 22 in the drilling direction X in the rod axis A. This is closed by the pressure of the liquid and with it that passage 19.
  • the inner rod or inner tube 12 of an outer diameter d of 90 mm here is uneven by a tubular jacket 24 of length and an outer diameter e of 133 mm, which delimits an annular space 26 with the inner rod 12.
  • This tubular jacket 24 ends crownwise at a distance b from the free end of the striking crown 18 with an annular crown 28. Its mouth 30 receives reflux material which flows through the annular space 26 against the drilling direction x to an annular slot 32 or the like which partially surrounds the inner rod 12. Breakthrough migrates and through this into the housing 36 of a discharge line 38.
  • a catch section 34 of length n of the tubular jacket 24 is rotatably supported in cross-section.
  • a rotary drive 40 which actuates and surrounds the inner linkage 12 and to which a sleeve extension 25 of the tubular jacket 24 with a rotary drive 42 is adjacent for this towards the crown.
  • a flange 44 of that sleeve end 25 sits on a counter flange 45 of the tubular jacket 24.
  • radial nozzle holes of a nozzle holder 48 of the inner rod 12, which is provided near the check valve 22, are indicated, at 50 nozzle or jet jets emerging from the nozzle holes 46 of the inner rod 12.
  • the inner rod 12 rotates clockwise, the tubular jacket 24 in the opposite direction. This counter-rotating rotation creates an eccentric rotation in the drilling starting point, which means that the striking crown 18 of the inner rod 12 pre-cuts the wall thickness of the tubular casing 24, also referred to as piping. This also allows smaller boulders to be drilled through with piping 24.
  • a major advantage of this procedure is the high directional accuracy. Due to the rotary pre-cutting, stones or blocks that are rubbed off are cut; the deviation from the drilling axis A is much smaller than with rotating cutting.
  • the following drilling accuracies can be guaranteed: Total drilling length to 12.00 m 1.0% 0 to ⁇ 12 cm 12.00 - 16.00 m 1.5% ⁇ 12 to ⁇ 24 cm 16.00 - 20.00 m 2.5% ⁇ 24 to ⁇ 50 cm.
  • the central flushing hole is closed by means of a steel dome (not shown) after the desired drilling depth has been reached.
  • a hydraulic binding agent such as cement
  • An example of operating parameters for column diameters of approximately 600 mm includes: - pump pressure about 500 bar - nozzle diameter 2 x 2.00 mm - retraction speed approx. 4 - 5 min / ml (steps of 4 cm in approx. 10 sec.) - revolution per minute 10 - 15 rpm. - W / Z factor 1.1 - 1.25

Abstract

In a drilling device for civil and underground engineering having a rotatably driven set of hollow rods which ends in a crown (18) in the drilling direction (x) and the cavity (13) of which is connected to a flushing device (14), a set of inside rods (12) which supports the crown (18) and is connected to the flushing device (14) is surrounded by a tubular casing (24) in one section of its axial length and forms an annular chamber (26) together with the said casing. The said tubular casing (24) is provided with its own rotary drive (42), and the set of inside rods (12) and the tubular casing (24) are to be rotatable in opposite directions. This drilling device is specially used for making stabilising columns or similar structures in the ground or similar earth masses. During or after a drilling process in mining, a suspension containing a binding agent is injected, and eccentric rotation is generated by the coaxially arranged tubular elements (12, 24) which rotate in opposite directions with their crowns (18, 28) pointing in the direction of drilling, approximately at the point at which the drill is applied, and the thickness of the wall of the outside tubular element (24) being precut using the crown (18) of the inside set of rods (12). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bohrvorrichtung für den Tiefbau mit in Bohrrichtung in einer Krone endendem, drehbar angetriebenem sowie hohlem Bohrgestänge, dessen Hohl mit einer Spüleinrichtung verbunden ist. Zudem erfaßt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von stabilisierenden Säulen oder ähnlichen Gebilden in Erdreich od.dgl. Bodenmassen, bei dem während eines Bohrvorganges oder nach diesem eine Suspension mit Bindemittel -- vor allem mit einem unter Wasseraufnahme steinartig erhärtenden hydraulischen Bindemittel mit Calciumsilikaten und - aluminaten -- injiziert wird.The invention relates to a drilling device for civil engineering with in the drilling direction ending in a crown, rotatably driven and hollow drill pipe, the hollow of which is connected to a flushing device. The invention also relates to a method for producing stabilizing columns or similar structures in the ground or the like. Soil masses in which a suspension with a binder is injected during a drilling process or after it - especially with a hydraulic binder with calcium silicates and aluminates that hardens under water.

Bohrvorrichtungen dieser Art sind beispielsweise als Drehschlagbohrmaschinen für drehendes und schlagendes Bohren bekannt. Diese weisen eine Bohrlafette als Maschinenrahmen mit einem Drehbohrantrieb sowie einem Hammermotor auf, welche mit einem Vorschubantrieb zusammenwirken und gemeinsam mit einem Bohrgestänge auf der Bohrlafette verfahren werden können.Drilling devices of this type are known, for example, as rotary impact drills for rotating and impact drilling. These have a drill carriage as a machine frame with a rotary drill drive and a hammer motor, which interact with a feed drive and can be moved together with a drill rod on the drill carriage.

Zum Herstellen der genannten Säulen -- insbesondere bei Längen über 16 m -- muß das Bohrgestänge manuell verlängert bzw. verkürzt sowie die Bohrlafette für einen solchen An- und Abbau in eine seitliche Ruhestellung verfahren werden. Beim Ausbau der Verlängerung kann aus der bereits hergestellten Säule Injektionsgut ausfließen. Der dabei entstehende Hohlraum wird sich in der Regel bei der Wiederaufnahme der sog. Jettingarbeiten verfüllen. Falls diese Verfüllung infolge nachgebrochenen Bodens nicht vollständig gelingt, entsteht eine örtlich begrenzte Einschnürung im Bereich des Gestängewechsels.To manufacture the above-mentioned columns - in particular for lengths over 16 m - the drill pipe must be lengthened or shortened manually and the drill carriage for such an attachment and removal must be moved into a lateral rest position. When the extension is removed, injection material can flow out of the column that has already been produced. The one there The resulting cavity will usually fill up when the so-called jetting work is resumed. If this backfilling is not completely successful due to broken ground, there is a localized constriction in the area of the boom change.

Zwar besteht die Möglichkeit, derartige Einschnürungen in die Tiefe zu staffeln, indem je nach Länge der einzelnen Rohrschüsse der Gestängeumbau in zwei verschiedenen Tiefenstufen erfolgt, jedoch bleiben solche Einschnürungen unerwünscht.Although there is the possibility of staggering such constrictions in depth, depending on the length of the individual pipe sections, the linkage conversion is carried out at two different depth levels, but such constrictions remain undesirable.

In Kenntnis dieser Gegebenheiten hat sich der Erfinder das Ziel gesetzt, die erkannten Mängel zu beseitigen und eine solche Bohrvorrichtung sowie das oben beschriebene Herstellungsverfahren zu verbessern.Knowing these circumstances, the inventor has set itself the goal of eliminating the identified shortcomings and improving such a drilling device and the manufacturing method described above.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe führen die Lehren der unabhängigen Patentansprüche.The teachings of the independent claims lead to the solution of this problem.

Ein die Krone tragendes sowie an die Spüleinrichtung angeschlossenes Innengestänge ist in einem Abschnitt seiner Längserstreckung von einem Rohrmantel umgeben und bildet mit diesem einen Ringraum. Dazu hat es sich als günstig erwiesen, den Rohrmantel mit einem eigenen Drehantrieb zu versehen sowie bevorzugt Innengestänge und Rohrmantel zueinander gegenläufig drehbar auszubilden.An inner rod bearing the crown and connected to the flushing device is surrounded in a section of its longitudinal extent by a tubular jacket and forms an annular space with the latter. For this purpose, it has proven to be advantageous to provide the tubular casing with its own rotary drive and preferably to design the inner linkage and tubular casing to be rotatable in opposite directions to one another.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung endet der Rohrmantel in einem Abstand zur Krone des Innengestänges mit einer zu dieser gerichteten -- eine Mündung bestimmenden -- Ringkrone, welche überschüssiges Gemisch vom Bohrlochtiefsten abfördert; erfindungsgemäß ist der Ringraum an eine Austragseinrichtung angeschlossen. Zudem weist der Rohrmantel wenigstens einen radialen Durchbruch auf, der den Ringraum mit einem Austragsgehäuse verbindet.According to a further feature of the invention, the tubular casing ends at a distance from the crown of the inner rod with an annular crown directed towards the latter, which defines an opening and which conveys excess mixture from the bottom of the borehole; according to the invention Annulus connected to a discharge device. In addition, the tubular casing has at least one radial opening which connects the annular space to a discharge housing.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung umgibt dieses Austragsgehäuse einen querschnittlich erweiterten Abschnitt des Ringraumes; dieser Fangabschnitt für das gegen die Bohrrichtung Geförderte enthält den/die Durchbruch/Druchbrüche.According to a further feature of the invention, this discharge housing surrounds a section of the annular space which is widened in cross section; this catching section for the material that is extracted against the direction of drilling contains the breakthrough (s).

Die Suspension gelangt im Hohl des Innengestänges bis nahe an dessen -- von einem Rückschlagventil schließbare --Bohrkrone zu radialen Druckdüsen; das Innengestänge ist in seinem aus dem Rohrmantel ragenden Abschnitt mit wenigstens einer dieser -- mit dem Hohl des Innengestänges verbundenen und etwa radial gerichteten -- Düsen versehen, wobei mehrere Düsen axial versetzt am Umfang des Innengestänges verteilt sein können.The suspension reaches radial pressure nozzles in the hollow of the inner rod up to close to the drill bit, which can be closed by a check valve; the inner linkage is provided in its section protruding from the tubular jacket with at least one of these nozzles — connected to the hollow of the inner linkage and approximately radially directed — wherein several nozzles can be distributed axially offset around the circumference of the inner linkage.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung erzeugen zwei koaxial angeordnete und zueinander gegenläufig drehende Rohrelemente -- die in Bohrrichtung Kronen aufweisen -- im Bohransatzpunkt eine exzentrische Rotation, wobei mit der Krone des innenliegenden Innengestänges die Wandstärke des außenliegenden Rohrelementes vorgeschnitten wird.In the context of the invention, two coaxially arranged and mutually counter-rotating tube elements - which have crowns in the direction of drilling - produce an eccentric rotation at the point of drilling, the wall thickness of the outer tube element being pre-cut with the crown of the inner rod assembly.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Suspenion mit hohem Druck zwischen den beiden Kronen radial zur Bohrachse aus dem Innengestänge in das umgebende Gewachsene gedrückt.According to the invention, the suspension is pressed with high pressure between the two crowns radially to the drilling axis from the inner rod into the surrounding growth.

Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung wird die Suspension 3 bis 6 Minuten, insbesondere 4 bis 5 Minuten, je Meter Säulenlänge in den Boden eingeführt und dann durch die in Bohrrichtung hinten liegende Krone überschüssiges Suspension/Erdreich-Gemisch abgezogen.According to a further feature of the invention, the suspension is introduced into the soil for 3 to 6 minutes, in particular 4 to 5 minutes, per meter of column length and then excess suspension / soil mixture is drawn off through the crown located at the back in the direction of drilling.

Wird der Rückflußstrom durch einfallendes Bodenmaterial unterbrochen und der Injektionsstrahl beim Düsenaustritt dadurch verlangsamt, so hat dies beim Stande der Technik ungünstige Auswirkungen auf die Bildung der Säule. Das sogenannte "Einklemmen" des Düsenstrahl kann in undurchlässigen Bodanpartien zum vollständigen Stillstand des Strahles führen. Ein häufiges Auftreten dieses Phänomens bedingt im Extremfall das Versagen des ganzen Systems.If the reflux flow is interrupted by incident soil material and the injection jet is slowed down as it emerges from the nozzle, this has an unfavorable effect on the formation of the column in the prior art. The so-called "pinching" of the nozzle jet can lead to the jet coming to a complete standstill in impermeable parts of the body. In extreme cases, a frequent occurrence of this phenomenon causes the entire system to fail.

Die Gefahr des "Einklemmens" des Düsenstrahls ist beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren durch das gegenläufige Drehen von Innengestänge und Verrohrung bzw. Rohrmantel sowie durch die kurze Distanz zwischen Düse und Rohrmantel wesentlich geringer als beim unverrohrten Jetting.In the method according to the invention, the risk of “jamming” of the nozzle jet is substantially lower than in the case of uncased jetting due to the counter-rotation of the inner linkage and the piping or pipe jacket and the short distance between the nozzle and the pipe jacket.

Dieses Verfahren mit zwei hintereinander liegenden Kronen führt zu gleichmäßigen Säulen ohne Einschnürungen. Auch sind -- beim unverrohrten Jetting gebräuchliche --benachbarte Entlastungsbohrungen nicht mehr erforderlich, da der Materialrückfluß durch den Ringraum zwischen Innengestänge und Rohrmantel gewährleistet ist.This process with two crowns in a row results in uniform columns without constrictions. Also, in the case of uncased jetting, adjacent relief bores are no longer necessary, since the backflow of material is ensured through the annular space between the inner rod and the tubular jacket.

Erfindungsgemäß können bei stark tonhaltigen Böden ohne Mehrkosten sog. Drehschlagschnecken als Innengestänge eingesetzt werden. Somit wäre auch im Falle eines sehr dicken Rückflusses die Funktionsfähigkeit des Systems gewährleistet.According to the invention, so-called rotary impact screws can be used as inner rods in soils with a high clay content at no additional cost. This would ensure the functionality of the system even in the event of a very thick backflow.

Die vorgesehene Drehzahl von 10 bis 15 U/min ist gegenüber herkömmlichen Werten niedrig, verspricht jedoch bessere Jetting-Ergebnisse. Die Drehzahl kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Bohrvorrichtung stufenlos reguliert werden; auch ist es möglich, die Rückzugsgeschwindigkeit während des Jettens des einzelnen Pfahles grundsätzlich zu variieren.The intended speed of 10 to 15 rpm is low compared to conventional values, but promises better jetting results. The speed can be regulated continuously in the drilling device according to the invention; it is also possible to fundamentally vary the retraction speed during the jet of the individual pile.

In gewachsenem Boden lassen sich Festigkeiten zwischen 6 bis 20 N/mm2 realisieren.Strengths between 6 and 20 N / mm2 can be achieved in grown soil.

Erfindungsgemäß soll das Entstehen der Säule durch die Überwachung und Aufzeichnung der wichtigsten Parameter ständig überwacht werden und zwar im Rahmen nachstehender Parameter: * Mengenmessung 0 bis 200 1/min * Druckmessung 0 bis 1000 bar * Bohrtiefe gemäß Abstimmung * Drehzahl der Jet-Düse Option According to the invention, the formation of the column is to be continuously monitored by monitoring and recording the most important parameters, specifically within the following parameters: * Quantity measurement 0 to 200 rpm * Pressure measurement 0 to 1000 bar * Drilling depth according to vote * Speed of the jet nozzle option

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles sowie anhand der Zeichnung, deren einzige Figur einen schematisierten Längsschnitt durch das Bohrgestänge 10 einer Bohrvorrichtung wiedergibt.Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and from the drawing, the only figure of which shows a schematic longitudinal section through the drill string 10 of a drilling device.

Um eine -- in der Zeichnung nicht erkennbare -- etwa horizontal verlaufende sogenannte Jettingsäule mit einem Bindemittel im Erdreich od.dgl. Bodenmasse herzustellen, ist ein Innengestänge oder Innenrohr 12 des Bohrgestänges 10 einends mit einem Spülkopf 14 samt Schlauchanschluß 16 ausgestattet, durch den Flüssigkeit in das Hohl 13 des Innengestänges 12 gelangt. Dieses trägt andernends eine Schlagkrone 18 mit axialem Durchgang 19 und Schneidbesatz 20, der in der Gestängeachse A ein Rückschlagventil 22 in Bohrrichtung X vorgeordnet ist. Dieses wird vom Druck der Flüssigkeit geschlossen und mit ihm jener Durchgang 19.To a so-called jetting column with a binding agent in the ground or the like, which cannot be seen in the drawing, runs approximately horizontally. To produce soil mass, an inner rod or inner tube 12 of the drill rod 10 is equipped at one end with a flushing head 14 together with a hose connection 16, through which liquid reaches the hollow 13 of the inner rod 12. At the other end, the latter bears a striking crown 18 with an axial passage 19 and a cutting edge 20, which is preceded by a check valve 22 in the drilling direction X in the rod axis A. This is closed by the pressure of the liquid and with it that passage 19.

Das Innengestänge oder Innenrohr 12 eines äußeren Durchmessers d von hier 90 mm wird von einem Rohrmantel 24 der Länge sowie eines äußeren Durchmessers e von 133 mm ungeben, der mit dem Innengestänge 12 einen Ringraum 26 begrenzt. Dieser Rohrmantel 24 endet kronenwärts in einem Abstand b vom freien Ende der Schlagkrone 18 mit einer Ringkrone 28. Deren Mündung 30 nimmt Rückflußmaterial auf, das durch den Ringraum 26 gegen die Bohrrichtung x zu einem das Innengestänge 12 teilweise umgebenden Ringschlitz 32 od.dgl. Durchbruch wandert und durch diesen in das Gehäuse 36 einer Austragsleitung 38. Innerhalb des stehenden Gehäuses 36 lagert drehbar ein querschnittlich erweiterter Fangabschnitt 34 der Länge n des Rohrmantels 24.The inner rod or inner tube 12 of an outer diameter d of 90 mm here is uneven by a tubular jacket 24 of length and an outer diameter e of 133 mm, which delimits an annular space 26 with the inner rod 12. This tubular jacket 24 ends crownwise at a distance b from the free end of the striking crown 18 with an annular crown 28. Its mouth 30 receives reflux material which flows through the annular space 26 against the drilling direction x to an annular slot 32 or the like which partially surrounds the inner rod 12. Breakthrough migrates and through this into the housing 36 of a discharge line 38. Within the standing housing 36, a catch section 34 of length n of the tubular jacket 24 is rotatably supported in cross-section.

Zwischen dem erweiterten Fangabschnitt 34 und dem Spülkopf 14 befindet sich ein das Innengestänge 12 betätigender sowie dieses umgebender Drehantrieb 40, dem kronenwärts ein Hülsenansatz 25 des Rohrmantels 24 mit einem Drehantrieb 42 für diesen benachbart ist. Ein Flansch 44 jenes Hülsenendes 25 sitzt an einem Gegenflansch 45 des Rohrmantels 24.Between the enlarged catch section 34 and the flushing head 14 there is a rotary drive 40 which actuates and surrounds the inner linkage 12 and to which a sleeve extension 25 of the tubular jacket 24 with a rotary drive 42 is adjacent for this towards the crown. A flange 44 of that sleeve end 25 sits on a counter flange 45 of the tubular jacket 24.

Bei 46 sind radiale Düsenlöcher eines -- nahe dem Rückschlagventil 22 vorgesehenen -- Düsenhalters 48 des Innengestänges 12 angedeutet, bei 50 aus den Düsenlöchern 46 des Innengestänges 12 austretende Düsen- oder Jet-Strahlen.At 46, radial nozzle holes of a nozzle holder 48 of the inner rod 12, which is provided near the check valve 22, are indicated, at 50 nozzle or jet jets emerging from the nozzle holes 46 of the inner rod 12.

Das Innengestänge 12 dreht im Uhrzeigersinn, der Rohrmantel 24 dazu gegenläufig. Durch dieses gegenläufige Drehen entsteht im Bohransatzpunkt eine exzentrische Rotation, die dazu führt, daß die Schlagkrone 18 des Innnengestänges 12 die Wandstärke des auch als Verrohrung bezeichneten Rohrmantels 24 vorschneidet. Dadurch ist das Durchbohren von kleineren Findlingen ebenfalls mit der Verrohrung 24 möglich.The inner rod 12 rotates clockwise, the tubular jacket 24 in the opposite direction. This counter-rotating rotation creates an eccentric rotation in the drilling starting point, which means that the striking crown 18 of the inner rod 12 pre-cuts the wall thickness of the tubular casing 24, also referred to as piping. This also allows smaller boulders to be drilled through with piping 24.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieses Vorgehens liegt in der hohen Richtungsgenauigkeit. Durch das drehschlagende Vorschneiden werden schleifend angefahrene Steine oder Blöcke angeschnitten; die Abweichung aus der Bohrachse A ist weitaus geringer als beim rotierenden Schneiden.A major advantage of this procedure is the high directional accuracy. Due to the rotary pre-cutting, stones or blocks that are rubbed off are cut; the deviation from the drilling axis A is much smaller than with rotating cutting.

Es können beispielsweise die folgenden Bohrgenauigkeiten gewährleistet werden: Totale Bohrlänge bis 12.00 m 1,0 % 0 bis ± 12 cm 12.00 - 16.00 m 1,5 % ± 12 bis ± 24 cm 16.00 - 20.00 m 2,5 % ± 24 bis ± 50 cm. For example, the following drilling accuracies can be guaranteed: Total drilling length to 12.00 m 1.0% 0 to ± 12 cm 12.00 - 16.00 m 1.5% ± 12 to ± 24 cm 16.00 - 20.00 m 2.5% ± 24 to ± 50 cm.

Zum Herstellen einer Säule im Gewachsenen wird nach dem Erreichen der Sollbohrtiefe das zentrale Spülloch mittels einer nicht wiedergegebenen Stahlkuppel verschlossen.To produce a column in the grown, the central flushing hole is closed by means of a steel dome (not shown) after the desired drilling depth has been reached.

Die durch das Innengestänge 12 eingepumpte Suspension aus einem hydraulischen Bindemittel wie Zement tritt -- wie bei 50 erkennbar -- mit hoher Geschwindigkeit im rechten Winkel zur Bohrachse A aus, schneidet bei Rotation des Innengestänges 12 mit etwa 10 bis 15 Umdrehungen pro Minute den anstehenden Boden auf und vermischt ihn mit Zement. Dabei entsteht überschüssiges Zement/Boden-Gemisch, welches längs dem im Boden rotierenden Innengestänge 12 --möglichst ohne großen Druck aufzubauen -- an die Ortsbrust zurückgeführt werden muß.The suspension of a hydraulic binding agent, such as cement, pumped in through the inner rod 12 emerges - as can be seen at 50 - at high speed at right angles to the drilling axis A, cuts the soil at around 10 to 15 revolutions per minute when the inner rod 12 rotates and mix it with cement. This creates excess cement / soil mixture, which has to be returned to the working face along the inner rod 12 rotating in the soil, without building up as much pressure as possible.

Sollte nun der Rückfluß abbrechen, obwohl sich Suspension verpressen läßt, wird das Rückziehen des Innengestänges 12 so lange unterbrochen, bis sich der anstehende Boden mit Suspension und Zement/Boden-Gemisch verfüllt hat und sich der Rückfluß wieder einstellt.If the reflux now stops, although suspension can be pressed, the retraction of the inner rod 12 is interrupted until the soil in question has been filled with suspension and cement / soil mixture and the reflux is restored.

Durch den stets freibleibenden Rohrraum 26 zwischen Innengestänge 12 und Verrohrung 24 kann überschüssiges Zement/Boden-Gemisch ungehindert am Bohransatzpunkt in der Ortsbrust bzw. am Gestängeende nahe am Drehantrieb 42 austreten.Excess cement / soil mixture can escape unhindered at the drilling starting point in the working face or at the end of the rod close to the rotary drive 42 due to the tube space 26 which is always free between the inner rod 12 and the piping 24.

Die Herstellung der Säulen erfolgt "auf Lücke", d.h. in einem ersten Arbeitsgang wird beispielsweise in einer Hälfte eines Tunnelprofils vorerst nur jede 4. Säule gesetzt, in weiteren Arbeitsgängen werden die dazwischenliegenden Säulen erstellt.

  • 1. Durchgang: Nr. 1,4, 7 usw.
  • 2. Durchgang: Nr. 2, 5, 8 usw.
  • 3. Durchgang: Nr. 3, 6, 9 usw.
The columns are manufactured "on a gap", ie in a first step, for example, in every half of a tunnel profile, only every fourth column is set, in subsequent steps the columns in between are created.
  • 1st round: No. 1,4, 7 etc.
  • 2nd round: No. 2, 5, 8 etc.
  • 3rd round: No. 3, 6, 9 etc.

Pumpendruck und Düsendurchmesser bestimmen nebst der Pumpzeit je Längeneinheit einer Säule den Suspensionsverbrauch. Um den Boden in genügender Intensität bearbeiten zu können, ist es notwendig, die Suspension etwa 4 bis 5 Minuten je Säulenmeter einwirken zu lassen. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß sich mit kleineren Düsen und entsprechend verlängerter Bearbeitungszeit wesentlich bessere Säulen produzieren lassen, als dies durch den Einsatz von größeren Düsen und gleichbleibender Suspensionsmenge bei verkürzter Bearbeitungszeit der Fall wäre.Pump pressure and nozzle diameter determine the suspension consumption in addition to the pumping time per unit length of a column. In order to be able to work the soil with sufficient intensity, it is necessary to allow the suspension to take effect for about 4 to 5 minutes per column meter. It has been shown that much smaller columns can be produced with smaller nozzles and a correspondingly longer processing time than would be the case with the use of larger nozzles and a constant amount of suspension with a shorter processing time.

Ein Beispiel von Betriebsparametern für Säulendurchmesser von etwa 600 mm umfaßt: - Pumpendruck ca 500 bar - Düsendurchmessser 2 x 2.00 mm - Rückzugsgeschwindigkeit ca 4 - 5 min/ml (Schritte von 4 cm in ca 10 sec.) - Umdrehung je Minute 10 - 15 U/min. - W/Z-Faktor 1,1 - 1,25 An example of operating parameters for column diameters of approximately 600 mm includes: - pump pressure about 500 bar - nozzle diameter 2 x 2.00 mm - retraction speed approx. 4 - 5 min / ml (steps of 4 cm in approx. 10 sec.) - revolution per minute 10 - 15 rpm. - W / Z factor 1.1 - 1.25

Claims (14)

Bohrvorrichtung für den Tiefbau mit in Bohrrichtung in einer Krone endendem, drehbar angetriebenem sowie hohlem Bohrgestänge, dessen Hohl mit einer Spüleinrichtung verbunden ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein die Krone (18) tragendes sowie an die Spüleinrichtung (14) angeschlossenes Innengestänge (12) in einem Abschnitt seiner axialen Erstreckung von einem Rohrmantel (24) umgeben ist und mit diesem einen Ringraum (26) bildet.Drilling device for civil engineering with a drill pipe which is rotatably driven and hollow and which ends in a crown in the direction of drilling and whose hollow is connected to a flushing device
characterized,
that an inner rod (12) carrying the crown (18) and connected to the flushing device (14) is surrounded in a section of its axial extent by a tubular jacket (24) and forms an annular space (26) with it. Bohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rohrmantel (24) mit einem eigenen Drehantrieb (42) versehen ist.Drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular casing (24) is provided with its own rotary drive (42). Bohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Innengestänge (12) und Rohrmantel (24) zueinander gegenläufig drehbar ausgebildet sind.Drilling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner linkage (12) and tubular casing (24) are designed to be rotatable in opposite directions. Bohrvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rohrmantel (24) in einem Abstand (b) zur Krone (18) mit einer zu dieser gerichteten sowie eine Mündung (30) des Ringraumes (26) bestimmenden Ringkrone (28) endet und/oder, daß der Ringraum (26) an eine Austragseinrichtung (36, 38) angeschlossen ist.Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tubular casing (24) at a distance (b) to the crown (18) with an annular crown (28) directed towards the latter and defining an opening (30) of the annular space (26) ends and / or that the annular space (26) is connected to a discharge device (36, 38). Bohrvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadruch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rohrmantel (24) wenigstens einen radialen Durchbruch (32) aufweist, der den Ringraum (24) mit einem Austragsgehäuse (36) verbindet, welches gegebenenfalls einen querschnittlich erweiterten Abschnitt (34) des Ringraumes (24) umgibt und dieser den/die Durchbruch/Durchbrüche (32) aufweist.Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tubular casing (24) has at least one radial opening (32) which connects the annular space (24) to a discharge housing (36) which, if necessary, has a section (34) which is enlarged in cross section. surrounds the annular space (24) and this has the breakthrough (s) (32). Bohrvorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Drehantrieb (42) des Rohrmantels (24) an einem vom Rohrraum (26) getrennten Hülsenansatz (25) vorgesehen ist.Drilling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotary drive (42) of the tubular casing (24) is provided on a sleeve extension (25) which is separate from the tubular space (26). Bohrvorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Innengestänge (12) an seinem aus dem Rohrmantel (24) ragenden Abschnitt wenigstens eine mit dem Hohl (13) des Innengestänges verbundene und etwa radial gerichtete Düse (46) aufweist, wobei gegebenenfalls mehrere Düsen (46) axial versetzt am Umfang des Innengestänges (12) verteilt sind.Drilling device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner linkage (12) has at least one nozzle (46) connected to the hollow (13) of the inner linkage and approximately radially directed at its section protruding from the tubular casing (24), where appropriate, a plurality of nozzles (46) are distributed axially offset around the circumference of the inner rod (12). Bohrvorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Düse (46) in Bohrrichtung (x) zumindest ein Rückschlagventil nachgeordnet und durch Beaufschlagung in Bohrrichtung schließbar ist.Drilling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one check valve is arranged downstream of the nozzle (46) in the drilling direction (x) and can be closed by acting in the drilling direction. Bohrvorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Teil einer Schlagbohrmaschine ist.Drilling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is part of an impact drill. Bohrvorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Teil einer Drehschlagbohrmaschine ist.Drilling device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is part of a rotary impact drilling machine. Bohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Innengestänge (12) eine Drehschlagschnecke ist.Drilling device according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that the inner linkage (12) is a rotary impact screw. Verfahren zum Herstellen von stabilisierenden Säulen oder ähnlichen Gebilden in Erdreich od.dgl. Bodenmassen, bei dem während eines bergmännischen Bohrvorganges oder nach diesem eine Suspension mit Bindemittel, vor allem mit einem unter Wasseraufnahme steinartig erhärtenden hydraulischen Bindemittel mit Calciumsilikaten und -aluminaten, injiziert wird, insbesondere unter Verwendung der Bohrvorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der voraufgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch koaxial angeordnete und zueinander gegenläufig drehende Rohrelemente, die in Bohrrichtung Kronen aufweisen, etwa am Bohransatzpunkt eine exzentrische Rotation erzeugt sowie mit der Krone des innenliegenden Innengestänges die Wandstärke des außenliegenden Rohrelements vorgeschnitten wird.Method for producing stabilizing columns or similar structures in the ground or the like. Soil masses in which a suspension with a binder, in particular with a hydraulic binder with calcium silicates and aluminates that hardens under water, is injected during a mining drilling process or after it, in particular using the drilling device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that eccentric rotation is generated by coaxially arranged and mutually counter-rotating tube elements, which have crowns in the drilling direction, approximately at the drilling starting point, and the wall thickness of the external tube element is pre-cut with the crown of the inner tube. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Suspension mit hohem Druck zwischen den beiden Kronen radial zur Bohrachse aus dem Innengestänge gedrückt wird und/oder, daß durch die in Bohrrichtung hinten liegende Krone überschüssiges Suspension/Erdreich-Gemisch abgezogen wird.A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the suspension is pressed at high pressure between the two crowns radially to the drilling axis out of the inner rod and / or that excess suspension / soil mixture is drawn off by the crown lying at the back in the drilling direction. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Suspension während 3 bis 6 Minuten, insbesondere 4 bis 5 Minuten, je Meter Säulenlänge injiziert wird.A method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the suspension is injected for 3 to 6 minutes, in particular 4 to 5 minutes, per meter of column length.
EP19920117522 1991-11-21 1992-10-14 Drilling device for civil engineering and method for making stabilizing columns or similar structures in the ground Withdrawn EP0543140A3 (en)

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DE4138356A DE4138356A1 (en) 1991-11-21 1991-11-21 DRILLING DEVICE FOR DEEP CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING STABILIZING SAEULES OR SIMILAR PICTURES IN EARTH
DE4138356 1991-11-21

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EP0657616A1 (en) * 1992-09-29 1995-06-14 Ingrid Dr. Klemm Auger device for piles foundations
WO1995021989A1 (en) * 1994-02-11 1995-08-17 Atlas Copco Craelius Ab A method for providing a substantially leakproof shielding layer in the ground and a device for performing the method
WO2005121494A1 (en) * 2004-06-11 2005-12-22 Sira-Kvina Kraftselskap Da Device for a rock drilling machine
CN101131069B (en) * 2006-08-25 2010-09-15 河南理工大学 Hole-digging and temperature-reducing drilling tool for outburst coal seam and drilling method thereof
WO2010106124A2 (en) 2009-03-19 2010-09-23 Geosea Nv Method and device for drilling shafts in ground layers consisting of rock, clay and/or related materials
EP2497863A3 (en) * 2011-03-08 2014-07-02 Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg Floor retrofitting methods and assembly for same
CN107178361A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-09-19 大庆纽斯达采油技术开发有限公司 A kind of holographic tester of eccentric stratified injection well and method of testing
DE102020131395A1 (en) 2020-11-26 2022-06-02 Depenbrock Ingenieurwasserbau GmbH & Co. KG Method of securing a structure and placement of a structure on a site

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JP2729749B2 (en) * 1993-06-22 1998-03-18 志朗 中嶋 Omnidirectional ground improvement body construction method and its device
DE29516296U1 (en) * 1995-10-14 1995-12-07 Klemm Bohrtech Injection drilling device

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EP0657616A1 (en) * 1992-09-29 1995-06-14 Ingrid Dr. Klemm Auger device for piles foundations
WO1995021989A1 (en) * 1994-02-11 1995-08-17 Atlas Copco Craelius Ab A method for providing a substantially leakproof shielding layer in the ground and a device for performing the method
WO2005121494A1 (en) * 2004-06-11 2005-12-22 Sira-Kvina Kraftselskap Da Device for a rock drilling machine
CN101131069B (en) * 2006-08-25 2010-09-15 河南理工大学 Hole-digging and temperature-reducing drilling tool for outburst coal seam and drilling method thereof
WO2010106124A2 (en) 2009-03-19 2010-09-23 Geosea Nv Method and device for drilling shafts in ground layers consisting of rock, clay and/or related materials
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WO2010106124A3 (en) * 2009-03-19 2011-03-24 Geosea Nv Method and device for drilling shafts in ground layers consisting of rock, clay and/or related materials
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EP2497863A3 (en) * 2011-03-08 2014-07-02 Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg Floor retrofitting methods and assembly for same
CN107178361A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-09-19 大庆纽斯达采油技术开发有限公司 A kind of holographic tester of eccentric stratified injection well and method of testing
DE102020131395A1 (en) 2020-11-26 2022-06-02 Depenbrock Ingenieurwasserbau GmbH & Co. KG Method of securing a structure and placement of a structure on a site

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