EP0541572A1

EP0541572A1 - Device for making the instrumental and clinical functional analysis for the manufacture of a dental prosthesis

Info

Publication number: EP0541572A1
Application number: EP19910912234
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wolfgang Becker
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-08-03
Filing date: 1991-07-04
Publication date: 1993-05-19
Also published as: WO1992002193A1; DE4024665C2; DE4024665A1

Abstract

Dispositif pour l'exécution d'une analyse fonctionnelle instrumentale et clinique d'une denture, constitué de deux plaques (1, 2) pouvant être placées à la base des mâchoires supérieure et inférieure. Ces plaques sont en forme de couronne et une plaque (1) présente, au niveau des dents antérieures, une tige (4) de longueur modifiable. Au niveau des dents latérales, il est prévu, de préférence sur chaque côté, une autre tige (5, 6) de longueur modifiable. Pour bloquer la position relative des deux plaques (1, 2), il est prévu une plaque de verrouillage (3) qui peut être reçue par la plaque (1) équipée des tiges (4, 5, 6) et qui peut être fixée à l'autre plaque (2). La longueur de la tige (4) peut être modifiée et réglée par un dispositif hydraulique, pneumatique ou mécanique. La tige (5) peut être constituée sous forme de capteur de pression, la pression étant mesurée électriquement.Device for performing an instrumental and clinical functional analysis of teeth, consisting of two plates (1, 2) which can be placed at the base of the upper and lower jaws. These plates are in the form of a crown and a plate (1) has, at the level of the anterior teeth, a rod (4) of modifiable length. At the lateral teeth, there is provided, preferably on each side, another rod (5, 6) of modifiable length. To block the relative position of the two plates (1, 2), a locking plate (3) is provided which can be received by the plate (1) fitted with rods (4, 5, 6) and which can be fixed to the other plate (2). The length of the rod (4) can be changed and adjusted by a hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical device. The rod (5) can be made in the form of a pressure sensor, the pressure being measured electrically.

Description

Device for carrying out the instrumental and

clinical functional analysis for the creation of a

Denture.

The invention relates to a device for performing the instrumental and clinical functional analysis for the creation of a denture, consisting of two at the base of the respective upper or. Lower jaw attachable plates. To produce a full or partial prosthesis, an impression is first taken in the mouth, of which a model is created. The model serves as the basis for the production of a plastic spoon, which in turn forms the basis for the production of a base. Wax walls are now being built on this basis, the height and size of which roughly correspond to the rows of teeth that will later rest on the bases. This is to determine whether the wax build-up of the upper and lower jaw is in contact at the same time. However, takes place at

Merging the upper and lower jaws, contact of the wax walls with each other only at one point, for example, this certainly results in early contact of the corresponding teeth of the prosthesis after the teeth have been installed in the articulator. The consequences of early contact of the teeth of a prosthesis arise for the wearer

unpleasant pressure marks immediately result. There is also a risk that the prosthesis in the event of early contact

is levered off or TMJ damage occurs.

It is now known to find out the optimal bite by means of so-called registrate plates, as is achieved with a normal, well-shaped bit. Here two

Plates attached to the respective bases and inserted into the upper and lower jaw. The plates completely fill the oral cavity in the horizontal plane. The lower one is located approximately in the middle of the upper registration plate Pen touching the registration plate. Through a relative movement of the lower jaw to the upper jaw, the so-called

Arrow angle, or also called Gothic angle, determined. This arrow or Gothic angle consists of three intersecting lines, with the intersection representing the optimal position from lower jaw to upper jaw.

A disadvantage of these known registrate plates is that they completely fill the oral cavity in the horizontal plane

to complete; when determining the arrow or Gothic angle, the tongue force acts on the im

The lower plate is a displacement of the plate, which in turn has effects on other muscles, so that the so-called biostatic equilibrium means that the mouth movement without such inserted plates

marked, is canceled.

The invention is therefore based on the object

To further develop the device of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that the most realistic possible creation of a prosthesis is possible; this in particular under

Taking into account the arrow angle.

The object is achieved in that the two at the base of the upper or lower jaw

for example, plates which can be attached by means of screws

are designed in the form of a ring gear, a plate in the

The area of the front teeth is variable in length Pin. To determine the arrow angle, the pin is first brought to a predeterminable length which corresponds to the tooth height of two rows of teeth one above the other. The Gothic angle is now determined by a corresponding movement of the lower jaw relative to the upper jaw; to record the lines forming the Gothic angle, the lower plate in the area of the pen can be marked with a

Color layer should be provided, whereupon the pen leaves corresponding traces.

To determine the position of the upper jaw to the lower jaw as well as to determine the chewing level is in

Lateral tooth area on both sides, at least one further pin which can be changed in length is provided, the length of the pins being adjustable, for example by means of a nut and thread construction. The

The length and the adjustability of the length of each pin can also be changed hydraulically or

be made pneumatically. In particular, in the hydraulic or pneumatic configuration of the pin with a piston-cylinder arrangement, the piston-cylinder arrangement can be designed to be correspondingly controllable from the outside.

According to a further feature, the current length of the pins should be detectable; this can be done electrically, for example, by measuring resistance. According to a further feature of the invention, the two plates can be encrypted to fix the position of the two plates to one another after the functional analysis has been carried out. To encrypt the position of the two plates relative to one another, a so-called key plate is provided, which can be received by the one plate provided with the pins, and which can be attached to the other plate, preferably in a magnetically fixable manner. This key plate points to

Receiving the pins of a plate corresponding holes; there is also the possibility of encryption using wax.

According to a special feature of the invention, the two plates have means for detecting the course of movement,

in particular for detecting the horizontal course of movement of the two plates relative to one another. For this purpose, the other plate is provided with a sensor film, which is activated selectively by the pin or pins arranged on the one plate. In such a sensor film, which is constructed in the manner of a grid, due to the

grid-like structure of the film through the selective

Touch by the pens, the course of movement by the electrical signals caused here

Corresponding electrical or electronic processing by a computer, for example on a monitor

As already mentioned, the length of the pins is hydraulic or pneumatic changeable and adjustable. The hydraulic or pneumatic design of the pins has the

Advantage that in the case of a not absolutely parallel relative movement of the two registration plates to one another, in order to maintain the contact of the pins with the sensor film, the length thereof can be adapted in accordance with the instantaneous distance, so that the continuous contact is ensured during the relative movement.

With the aid of this device, the determination of the arrow or Gothic angle is thus possible in a simple, yet extremely precise manner. It is also possible to detect any early contact between the upper and lower jaw.

This is when individual pens, in particular

Pins in the posterior region have contact with the film before the other pins are in contact with the film. In order to ensure such a uniform bite in a prosthesis, the length of the pins, as already mentioned, should be designed to be variable and adjustable hydraulically, pneumatically or also mechanically by means of a thread. This means that if an early contact is determined, this early contact can be compensated for by adjusting the other pins of the plate accordingly. The high of

The prosthesis to be set up then depends on the length of the pins at the individual points. Another area of application of the device is for determining the inclination of the articular path. It is necessary to change or adjust the length of the pins, and in particular the pin in the anterior region. First of all, by appropriately moving the lower jaw relative to the upper jaw, the pin arranged in the anterior region is brought into the protrusive position; the pin length is determined here. Then the bit is moved from the protrusive position to the starting position and the pin length is again determined. Using a table, the inclination of the articular path can now be determined depending on the path covered by the pin relative to the registration plate of the lower jaw and the change in length of the pin. The determination of the current pen length can

for example electrically by resistance measurement, or also by using a pin provided with a threaded construction.

A more precise determination of the inclination of the articular path results when a sensor film is on the other plate

is applied, which is activated by the pen. The inclination of the joint path can be determined directly depending on the distance covered, which can be made visible on a monitor, and the corresponding change in the length of the pin. By arranging length-adjustable pins in the posterior region, and here in particular by arranging hydraulically or pneumatically by means of the already

described piston-cylinder assembly in length

changeable pins, in connection with sensor film arranged on the other plate, the lateral joint path movement (sideshift) can be initially, intermediately and terminally recorded three-dimensionally. The instantaneous length of the pins can also be determined by means of resistance measurement, as has already been mentioned. The lateral inclination of the articular path can be displayed on a monitor or with a

Printer.

According to a further special feature of the invention, the pin or pins are designed in such a way that compressive forces can be determined thereby.

For this purpose, such a pen is used as a pressure measuring device

trained in which the pressure is electrically detectable. In particular, such a pin is divided into two, also designed in the manner of a piston-cylinder arrangement, a pressure transducer on which the piston part acts is arranged in the cylinder part. According to a special feature of the

Invention, this pin is designed to be variable in length; for this purpose the piston part is divided into two

formed, the two parts by a

Thread construction are interconnected. With the help of such pins arranged on the plate, the luxation of the temporomandibular joint, the compression of the

TMJ and the resilience of the mucous membrane can be determined.

At this point it is pointed out that the

Pins according to a preferred embodiment are to be releasably connected to the one registration plate in order to enable the pins to be exchanged in this way.

To determine the cheek and tongue pressure is on one

Plate acting on both sides in the horizontal direction

Pressure stamp arranged by means of which the pressure force exerted by the cheek or the tongue can be determined. In order to determine the respective pressure force, the pressure stamp 1 consists of two stamps guided in a sleeve, a pressure transducer acting on both sides being arranged between the stamps.

According to a further feature of the invention

Anterior tooth area on one plate and a pin

trained, horizontally acting pressure measuring device

arranged, which is assigned a corresponding counterpart for receiving a horizontal force on the other plate; the counterpart can be a stopper arranged vertically on the outer plate in the form of a plate. The training of the pen to include a force acting on the pen in the direction of the longitudinal axis has already been done

described; the attachment to the vertical pin in the

The front tooth area is created through a hole arranged on the pin, and here in the cylinder part in particular. This allows you to move through the muscles of the dentition during a relative movement between the lower and upper jaw

applied shear forces are measured; the knowledge of the shear forces is particularly important for determining the suction force of the base at the corresponding points in the

Oral cavity required. Is there suction power and

If the shear force is not in a certain relation to one another, the frequent detachment of the prosthesis can be expected.

According to a further feature of the invention, the upper plate has a holder in order to be able to fix it on the facebow. This creates the possibility of fixing the skull on the upper base using adhesive.

The same purpose is served by an embodiment in which the registration plates are connected to the respective base, preferably adjustably in the plane by means of screw bolts. At the end, the screw bolts have a spherical head which engages in a corresponding pan arranged on the registration plate. However, the screw bolt can also be designed in such a way that the head rests in an articulated socket arranged in the base. To articulate the skull, it may be necessary to place spacers between the base and the registration plate, and possibly only at one point. In order to be able to move the plate accordingly, the bolts are provided with a ball head. Without a corresponding ball head, this would be the case with such a procedure in the case of prefabricated threaded bores Clamp the registration plate. For skull related

A bite fork that can be attached to the base, for example by means of screws, is also articulated and is connected to the facebow. To prevent the top plate from twisting relative to the facebow, the bracket consists of a square,

preferably triangular pin arranged on one plate, and a correspondingly designed sleeve arranged on the facebow.

Fig. 1 shows the device in a plan view;

Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II

Fig. 1;

3 shows a plan view of the lower registration plate with the sensor film glued on;

Fig. 4 u. 5 show, in a greatly enlarged representation, two different types of in the

Length changeable pins;

6 shows a pin for measuring compressive force acting on the pin in the axial direction;

Fig. 7 shows a double-acting pressure stamp for determining the tongue and cheek pressure; Fig. 8 shows a registration plate in the area of

Front tooth a horizontally aligned

Pen for measuring corresponding horizontal

Has powers;

Fig. 9 shows a view along the line VIII - VIII of Fig. 8; 10 shows a plate designed as a stopper for the horizontally oriented pin according to FIGS

Figures 8 and 9;

11 shows a view along the line X - X from FIG. 10;

12 shows a plan view of an upper registration plate provided with a holder for receiving the face bow;

Fig. 13 shows a view along the line XII-XII

Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 shows one as a pressure measuring device

trained pen that is in length

is designed to be changeable;

15 shows the exemplary arrangement of a

Bolt on a base, the

Ball head is connected to the registration plate; Fig. 16 shows a bite fork arranged on a base; 17 shows a further exemplary arrangement

a bolt on a base, the

Ball head in the base.

Fig. 1 shows the entire device in a plan view, in which the upper registration plate with 1 and the lower registration plate with 2 is designated. The key plate designated 3 is used to fix the position of the registration plate 1 relative to the registration plate 2; For this purpose, the key plate 3 has corresponding holes 6c corresponding to the pins 4, 5, 6 arranged on the upper register plate 1, the key plate 3 and the register plate 2 being magnetized 7a, 7b in one for the actual encryption certain position can be fixed to each other. Only in the front tooth area in the area of there

arranged front pin, the key plate 3 has a recess since the pins 4, 5, 6 in the posterior region are sufficient to encode the position of the upper registration plate 1 relative to the lower registration plate 2. On the lower registration plate 2 is the one with 8

designated sensor film (Fig. 3) (manufacturer: Orbis

Dental in 4400 Münster) by the pins 4, 5, 6 at

Touch is activated.

The design of the pins 4, 5, 6 results from FIGS. 4 to 6 and FIG. 14. FIG. 4 shows a 1 of length

changeable and adjustable, consisting of two parts pin, the two parts 9 and 10 by means of a

Threaded structure 11 are interconnected. Here, the upper part 9 has a threaded bolt 11a and that

Lower part 10 has a correspondingly formed threaded bush 11b.

The connection of the pins 4, 5, 6 in the registration plate 1 takes place in such a way that the plate 1 has bores 6a, each with a circumferential groove 6b, into which the foot part 10a, which is correspondingly provided with a circumferential collar 10b, can be pressed; the same applies to the embodiment of a pin according to FIGS. 5, 6 and 14. To adjust and change the length of the pin according to FIG. 5, the upper part 9 and the lower part 10 of the

Pen by a total of 12

Piston-cylinder arrangement interconnected. The

Piston-cylinder arrangement consists of the piston 12b and the cylinder 12c mounted in the lower part 10 of the pin 4. The connection of the hydraulic or pneumatic

operated piston-cylinder assembly 12 is designated 12a.

Only a compressive force in the vertical direction can be measured with the pin 5 according to FIG. 6; For this purpose, the upper part 13 of this pin 5 has a stamp 13a, which acts on a pressure sensor 15 arranged in the cylindrical lower part 14; the electrical connections for such a pressure cell 15 are designated 15a.

The embodiment of the pin 6 according to FIG. 12 essentially corresponds to that of FIG. 6; only for extension, the upper part 16 of the pin 6 is formed in two parts, the two parts 16a, 16b by a threaded construction consisting of threaded bolt 17a and threaded bush 17b

are connected. The stamp arranged in the upper part 16 is designated 18, the cylindrical lower part 19, the pressure cell 20 and the connections for the pressure cell 20a. To measure the cheek or tongue pressure, a pressure stamp, indicated overall by 21, is provided (FIG. 7); this designated a total of 21

The pressure stamp has a holder 22 which is provided with bores 22a for receiving the pins 4, 5 or 6. The pressure stamp 21 itself consists of the two stamps 24 guided in the sleeve 23, which are centered on a double-acting pressure transducer, designated 25, firmly anchored in the sleeve 23. The electrical connections of the

Pressure cell 25 are designated 25a.

8 to 11 show the arrangement of a pin 26 arranged horizontally on the one plate 1 for receiving a horizontally acting force. The pin is designed corresponding to the pin shown in FIGS. 6 and 14; the only difference from this pin shown in FIG. 6 is that the pin 26 for receiving the pin 4, 5 or 6 arranged in the anterior tooth region has a corresponding bore 27 in its lower part 26a (FIGS. 8 and 9). To determine the horizontal force that occurs when the lower jaw moves relative to the upper jaw, the other registration plate is equipped with a stopper

trained, perpendicular to this registration plate 2

attached plate 28 against which the pin 26 can be guided (Fig.10 and 11).

A holder 30 is provided for fixing the registration plate 1 to the face bow 29 (FIGS. 12 and 13). The designated 30 bracket consists of a

Cross-section triangular pin 30a, which is received by a correspondingly designed sleeve 30b, which in turn is attached to the face bow 29. The pin can be fixed in the sleeve by means of a screw 31.

15 shows the screw bolt 32 provided with a spherical head 33. The bolt sits here with his

Threaded part 34 in the arch of the base 35. The distance of the head 33 from the base 35 and thus from the registration plate 1 or 2 can be adjusted by appropriate

Spacers 36 (washers) can be varied. The ball head 33 is supported in a corresponding pan 33a of the registration plate 1 or 2.

16 shows the bite fork 37, which is fastened to the base 35 by means of screw bolts 37a.

17 shows the screw bolt 38 provided with a spherical head 39. The ball head 39 is seated in a socket 40 arranged in the base; the ball head 39 can be fixed in position in the socket 40, for example by means of a corresponding clamping screw 43 projecting into the socket. The ball head 39 itself has a threaded hole 39a into which the screw bolt 38 can be screwed. For this purpose, the screw bolt can be provided with an Allen key 41 at the end. The registration plate 1 or 2 has a continuous threaded bore 42 through which the screw bolt 38 can be screwed into the ball head 39.

Claims

Expectations

1. Device for carrying out the instrumental and clinical functional analysis on a set of teeth consisting of two plates that can be attached to the base of the upper or lower jaw,

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the plates (1, 2) are designed in the form of a toothed ring, the one plate (1) in the region of the front teeth having a pin (4) which can be changed in length.

2. Device according to claim 1

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that in the posterior region on each side at least one further variable in length (4) is provided.

3. Device according to claim 1 and 2

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pin (4, 6) adjustable in length

is trained.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 3

characterized in that the position of the two plates (1, 2) can be encrypted with respect to one another after the functional analysis has been carried out.

5. The device according to claim 4

characterized in that a key plate (3) is provided for encrypting the position of the two plates (1, 2) relative to one another, which can be received by the plate (1) provided with the pins (4, 5, 6), and which on the other plate (2) can be fixed.

6. The device according to claim 5

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the key plate (3) is magnetic to the other

Plate (2) can be fixed.

7. The device according to claim 5

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the key plate (3) bores (6c) for receiving the

Pins (4, 5, 6) of a plate (1).

8. The device according to claim 1 to 3

That is, the two plates (1, 2) have means for detecting the course of movement of the two plates (1, 2) relative to one another.

9. The device according to claim 8

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that

the other plate (2) has a sensor film (8) which is activated selectively by the pin or pins (4, 5, 6) arranged on the one plate (1).

10. The device according to claim 1 to 3

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pin (4) is designed hydraulically, pneumatically or mechanically by means of a threaded construction in its length adjustable and adjustable.

11. The device according to claim 10

Because of this, the pin (4) is designed in the manner of a piston-cylinder arrangement which can be controlled hydraulically or pneumatically.

12. The apparatus of claim 11

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the current length of the on the one plate (1), adjustable in length and

changeable pins (4, 6) can be detected.

13. The apparatus of claim 1

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that to determine the cheek or tongue pressure on the one plate (1) one in the horizontal direction

pressure plunger (21) acting on both sides is arranged, which detects the pressure force exerted by the cheek or the tongue.

14. The apparatus of claim 13

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pressure stamp (21) consists of two guided in a sleeve

Stamping (24), wherein a double-sided pressure load cell (25) is arranged between the stamps (24).

15. The apparatus of claim 13

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the pressure stamp can be attached to the pins (4, 5, 6).

16. The apparatus of claim 1 to 3

That is, the pin (5) is designed as a pressure measuring device, the pressure being electrically measurable.

17. The apparatus of claim 16

That is, that the pin (5) is designed in two parts in the manner of a piston-cylinder arrangement, in which

cylindrical lower part (14) a pressure cell (15) is arranged, on which a stamp (13a) acts.

18. The apparatus of claim 1

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that

the upper plate (1) has a holder (30) in order to fix it to the facebow (29).

19. The apparatus of claim 18

That means that the holder (30) consists of a square pin (30a) arranged on one plate (l) and a pin (30) arranged on the facebow (29) accordingly

trained sleeve (30b) to prevent twisting relative to the face bow.

20. The apparatus of claim 1

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that in the anterior tooth area on one plate (1) a horizontally acting pressure measuring device (26, is arranged, which is assigned a corresponding counterpart for receiving a horizontal force on the other plate (2).

21. The apparatus of claim 20

so that the counterpart is a stopper arranged vertically on the other plate (2) in the form of a plate (28).

22. The device according to one or more of the preceding claims

characterized in that the pins (4, 5, 6) are detachably connected to the one plate (1).

23. The device according to claim 17

That is, the pin (6) is designed in three parts for changing the length, a two-part upper part (16) being provided, the two parts (16a, 16b) being connected to one another by a threaded construction.

24. The device according to claim 1

that the registration plate (1, 2) is connected to the base (35) so that it can be adjusted in the plane.

25. The device according to claim 1

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the registration plate (1, 2) with the base through

Screw bolts (32, 38) adjustable in the plane

connected is.

26. The apparatus of claim 24

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the bolts (32) have a spherical head (33) at the end, which in a corresponding on the

Registration plate (1, 2) arranged pan (33a)

intervenes.

27. The apparatus of claim 24

characterized in that a bite fork (37) can be attached to the base (35) instead of the registration plate (1, 2).

28. The device according to claim 25

that the screw bolts (38) have a head (39) at the end, which engages in a corresponding joint socket (40) arranged on the base (35).