EP0537650B1 - Echangeur de chaleur avec un rendement amélioré et hygiénique - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur avec un rendement amélioré et hygiénique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0537650B1
EP0537650B1 EP92117349A EP92117349A EP0537650B1 EP 0537650 B1 EP0537650 B1 EP 0537650B1 EP 92117349 A EP92117349 A EP 92117349A EP 92117349 A EP92117349 A EP 92117349A EP 0537650 B1 EP0537650 B1 EP 0537650B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
platelets
recesses
exchanger according
rows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92117349A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0537650A3 (en
EP0537650A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Hermann Becker
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0537650A3 publication Critical patent/EP0537650A3/de
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Publication of EP0537650B1 publication Critical patent/EP0537650B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger made of steel of high performance and hygiene for spontaneous freezing, in particular of foodstuffs, with a number of tube coils, which are formed in an S-shaped manner within a common plane and are formed by tubes connected by means of tube bends and connected to collectors at both ends, the core tubes of which are specified Grip through arranged slats, which are provided with recesses provided in rows, the edge regions of which project laterally like a collar.
  • the fins assigned to the cooling coils are arranged on the inlet side in a relatively wide division and are only provided in narrower division in the sections following in the direction of air passage. This ensures that in the last section, by means of narrow division, considerable areas which promote heat transfer are to be accommodated, while on the inlet side, moisture is extracted from the incoming air without the frost crystals which settle on the fins due to the water which has separated out prematurely reducing the distance remaining between the fins are able to add and thus require an early defrost cycle.
  • a heat exchanger which consists of a plurality of coils which are connected by transverse ribs of the same size, arranged closely next to one another.
  • the transverse ribs have slits in the edge regions and elongated openings in the central region with end regions for receiving the coils. These end regions are arranged in such a way that the coils of rows arranged one behind the other are arranged alternately offset from one another.
  • FR-A-962 473 describes a car cooler which has tubes arranged one above the other in three rows and having different distances within the row.
  • the tubes are connected to each other by fins, the tubes with the larger distances being in contact with only a part of the fins, while the tubes are enclosed with a small distance from all the fins and are also offset from the rear tubes so that they have disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the invention is based on the object of further developing the type of fins of heat exchangers made of steel in such a way that the number of required exchange zones which reduce the heat transfer surfaces is reduced to a minimum and at the same time the distances of fins exceeding the possible collar height are reliably maintained will.
  • the lamellae are designed as wide boards with more than six rows of recesses and each of the rows has at least 15 recesses, each of which is penetrated by a single or multi-pipe coil and that the spacing of the boards in the direction transverse to Level of coils are gradually reduced.
  • slats provided in a narrow division extend at least over the entire width range provided for this division.
  • lamellae of different widths which are periodically arranged alternately to form a plurality of width regions of different division.
  • a single-pipe coil 1 is shown schematically, broken off and interrupted in the central area. It is made of hairpin-shaped tubes, the straight legs of which are referred to as core tubes 2, the free ends of two core tubes being connected by welded-on tube bends 3, so that a continuous, meandering tube is formed, the core tubes of which take up the heat transfer fins 4 capital.
  • a section of a lamella 4 is enlarged, cut and shown broken off on both sides in Fig. 2.
  • recesses 5 are provided, the edge areas of which are folded into a collar-like shape by punching, pressing and the like to form lugs 6, which are able to determine their mutual distance and thus their division when lamellae are strung together.
  • the slightly conical taper of the extension 6 towards its free end makes it easier, on the one hand, to push the lamella 5 onto the core tubes 2 with the slightly funnel-shaped opening 5 ahead.
  • this taper of the extension 6, with a corresponding press fit of its free end may also allow assembly at intervals which exceed the possible maximum length of the heel 6, once the positions of the slats have been reliably maintained without securing wooden strips or the like to secure the distance would be needed.
  • strip-shaped fins are usually used which each have only one row of recesses 5 and which, for example, extend over a coil of pipes. Since, when lining up fins 4 on core tubes 2, their lugs 6 determine the spacing of the fins and thus their division, these distances can only be maintained within wide tolerances, fins arranged one behind the other in the direction of passage of the air are usually not within a common plane , but they are more or less staggered behind each other. In this way, however, the free passage space for the air is divided and split, and narrow gaps are formed between the mutually facing ends in the air flow of successive lamellae, which on the one hand hold entrained dirt, e.g.
  • Unwanted zinc bridges give starting points and thus additionally narrow the gaps locally in such a way that water which has set out can ripen the passage channels prematurely.
  • strip-shaped fins In heat exchangers made of steel, strip-shaped fins have also been used, which have two rows of recesses and, in exceptional cases, also three rows of recesses, so that accordingly two or three coils are encompassed. However, this only results in a gradual enlargement of the areas causing the heat transfer due to the elimination of some of the exchange zones to be kept clear between groups of strip lamellae.
  • plate-like fins made of sheet steel which have at least as many rows 8 of recesses 5 as a section of the heat exchanger with the same fin division has coils, while within the rows 8 there are as many recesses 5, like the pipe coil in question has extensive core tubes.
  • the circuit board 7 of FIG. 3 is shown broken off and shows only six of the rows 8, while only seven recesses 5 are shown within a row.
  • a heat exchanger designed according to the invention is shown schematically in perspective in FIG. 4, but in order to facilitate the overview, circuit boards are only shown in regions.
  • the heat exchanger of the figure is made up of a number of successively arranged, three-pass coils 1, so that three connections 11 are connected to each of the collectors 9 and 10 effecting the supply and discharge of the refrigerant, and the core pipes 2, which are only partially and symbolically represented, are connected Elbows 3, 12 and 13 are connected to each other, which bridge different widths.
  • the coils are held together by end plates 14 braced against them on both sides.
  • the fins of the heat exchanger are arranged along the entire length of the core tubes in a constant division, but, as already mentioned, only two groups of these fins are shown for reasons of simplification.
  • three sections 16, 17 and 18 follow one another, within which different divisions of the arrangement of the boards are used.
  • section 16 which is at the front in the direction of arrow 15
  • a division of 18 mm is provided in the exemplary embodiment over four pipe coils
  • a division of 9 mm is provided over seven pipe coils
  • a division of 18 mm is provided 7 mm is applied.
  • the gradual narrowing of the passage of air in the direction of the arrow takes into account a relatively strong water excretion when cooling for the first time, and that which has passed through when cooling further Air then falls off.
  • section 17 there are alternating plates 19 and 20 which only extend over the entire section 17 and both over the section 16 and over the section 17. It is thereby achieved that within the section 17 the division of 9 mm is determined by the collar-like projections 6 of the recesses 5 of the plates 19 and 20 receiving the core tubes 2, and since every second plate 20 additionally extends over the section 16, here twice the pitch. This separation distance of 18 mm could no longer be achieved by the collar-like projections 6, since these cannot be formed so cantilevered. If you wanted to provide separate boards, you would also have to use distance-keeping aids.
  • this is circumvented by the lamella division of 9 mm being secured by the collar-like projections 6 of the alternately provided boards 19 and 20, the boards 20 additionally extending over the section 16 and therefore maintaining the double division here.
  • An additional stabilization is achieved by the slight press fit of the end regions of the conical projections 6.
  • the narrowest division and thus the essential heat transfer surfaces are provided in section 18.
  • the boards 21 arranged here have twelve rows 8 of recesses 5 for core tubes 2 in the exemplary embodiment, and the collar-like projections 6 surrounding the recesses 5 extend over 7 mm and thus ensure the division of the slats which have been pushed on.
  • the heat exchanger is finished in a manner known per se: the second of the end plates 14 is pushed on and fastened, and the pipe bends 3, 12 and 13 are welded on to complete the three-pipe coils, that is to say they have three separate conduit paths.
  • the pipe coils, collectors and fins or blanks generally made of steel in heat exchangers of this size, but especially these hygienic requirements, are then protected against corrosion, for example by galvanizing, with a suitable galvanizing, for example hot-dip galvanizing, also simultaneously further connection and definition of the individual components is achieved.
  • An unwanted zinc bridge formation is practically excluded or reduced to a minimum by the width of the only one gap 22.
  • FIG. 5 shows a heat exchanger in the representation corresponding to FIG. 4, in which gaps 22 in FIG. 4 could be completely dispensed with.
  • the boards 23 extend over the full depth of the heat exchanger, the boards 24 are made shorter, and the boards 25 have an even smaller depth.
  • the widest division of the boards 23 is achieved, while in the following areas boards 23 and 24 alternately result in half the division, and in the outlet-side section the boards 23, 24 and 25 have the narrowest division and offer the largest share of heat transfer surfaces.
  • a similar heat exchanger is shown for comparison, which has a vertically extending fin 26 for two levels of coils in a manner known per se.
  • the lamellae are set to different pitches in individual rows or one behind the other and separated by gaps 27 to form a number of compensation zones. Since, in this example of a conventional construction, nine groups of fins are arranged one behind the other, there are eight gaps which are kept narrow in order to reduce the reduction in the size of heat-transfer surfaces. As is shown in the enlarged section of FIG. 7, this gives rise to the risk of the formation of zinc bridges 28 during the galvanizing process, and in operation there is the risk of foreign bodies being carried in the air to be cooled, which is further increased by zinc bridges which have already been formed becomes.
  • the heat exchangers designed according to the invention are characterized by extensive use of space as well as by favorable distribution of the approach of the water separated out on cooling, so that dead times given by thawing and cleaning the heat exchanger only occur after longer operating phases and thus the percentage useful life of the heat exchanger is increased.
  • the necessary cleaning processes can be carried out more easily and more completely than is the case with known heat exchangers by essentially smooth surfaces and avoidance of excess end faces as well as the mechanically stable and corrosion-resistant structure, so that the hygiene required for freezing or shock freezing of food is also improved .
  • the inventive design prevents the cleaning-resistant settling of organic residues and prevents the bacterial contamination that often occurs in such heat exchangers by removing nutrient media and improving cleaning options.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur en acier, à haut rendement et hygiénique, destiné à congeler spontanément en particulier des aliments, comportant un certain nombre de serpentins (1) réalisés en forme de S respectivement dans un plan commun, formés par des tubes reliés les uns aux autres au moyen d'arcs de tubes (3), raccordés aux deux extrémités au collecteur, dont les tubes centraux (2) traversent des lamelles (4) agencées selon une division prédéterminée, lesquelles sont équipées d'évidements (5) prévus en rangées pour recevoir les serpentins, dont les régions de bordure font saillie latéralement à la manière d'un collet, caractérisé en ce que les lamelles (4) sont réalisées sous forme de platines (7, 19 à 21, 23 à 25) larges contenant plus de six rangées (8) d'évidements (5) et en ce que chacune des rangées (8) présente au moins 15 évidements (5) qui sont chacun traversés par un serpentin à un ou à plusieurs passages et en ce que les écartements de division des platines se réduisent par étage dans la direction transversale au plan des serpentins.
  2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu de manière périodiquement alternative des platines (19, 20) de largeur différente dans des zones de largeur (16 et 17).
  3. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que des platines (18) prévues en division serrée s'étendent sur la zone de largeur (tronçon 18) prévue pour cette division et en ce qu'entre celles-ci et des platines (16, 17) d'une zone de largeur voisine, il se trouve des lacunes (22) dont la largeur correspond au moins à leur largeur de division.
  4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des prolongements (6) pressés hors des évidements (5) des platines (7) se rétrécissent de manière légèrement conique vers leur extrémité libre.
  5. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à4, caractérisé en ce que des prolongements (6) pressés hors des évidements (5) de la platine (7) présentent à leur extrémité se transformant en la platine (7) un évasement annulaire adapté au diamètre extérieur de l'extrémité libre des prolongements (6).
  6. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités libres des prolongements (6) s'engagent en assurant un écartement dans les évidements (5) ou dans les évasements annulaires des platines (7) qui se trouvent respectivement devant eux.
  7. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par une galvanisation à chaud recouvrant et reliant les serpentins et les platines.
EP92117349A 1991-10-12 1992-10-10 Echangeur de chaleur avec un rendement amélioré et hygiénique Expired - Lifetime EP0537650B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9112704U 1991-10-12
DE9112704U DE9112704U1 (de) 1991-10-12 1991-10-12 Wärmetauscher hoher Leistung und Hygiene

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0537650A2 EP0537650A2 (fr) 1993-04-21
EP0537650A3 EP0537650A3 (en) 1993-09-08
EP0537650B1 true EP0537650B1 (fr) 1997-12-17

Family

ID=6872183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92117349A Expired - Lifetime EP0537650B1 (fr) 1991-10-12 1992-10-10 Echangeur de chaleur avec un rendement amélioré et hygiénique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0537650B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE161323T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE9112704U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2112287T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI102412B (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9112704U1 (de) * 1991-10-12 1992-01-16 Becker, Karl-Hermann, 5241 Friedewald Wärmetauscher hoher Leistung und Hygiene
BR0106577B1 (pt) 2001-12-04 2010-05-04 evaporador para sistemas de refrigeração.
DE102012202883A1 (de) 2012-02-24 2013-08-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wärmetauscher
CN111412691B (zh) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-07 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种换热器和空调器

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR962473A (fr) * 1950-06-10
DE395685C (de) * 1922-08-06 1925-02-14 Hugo Junkers Dr Ing Waermeaustauschvorrichtung
GB663468A (en) * 1949-03-26 1951-12-19 Serck Radiators Ltd Improvements relating to heat interchange apparatus
GB783925A (en) * 1955-08-16 1957-10-02 Serck Radiators Ltd Tubular heat exchange apparatus
FR1180908A (fr) * 1957-08-07 1959-06-10 Ensembles pour la transmission de la chaleur
JPS5223093B2 (fr) * 1970-11-02
DE2239086C2 (de) * 1972-08-09 1982-01-28 Motan Gmbh, 7972 Isny Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für Durchlauferhitzer
FR2529316B1 (fr) * 1982-06-29 1987-07-03 Valeo Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour vehicule automobile, et son dispositif d'etancheite laterale
JPS608696A (ja) * 1983-06-27 1985-01-17 Matsushita Refrig Co 熱交換器
DE9112704U1 (de) * 1991-10-12 1992-01-16 Becker, Karl-Hermann, 5241 Friedewald Wärmetauscher hoher Leistung und Hygiene

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI924614A (fi) 1993-04-13
ES2112287T3 (es) 1998-04-01
EP0537650A3 (en) 1993-09-08
DE9112704U1 (de) 1992-01-16
FI102412B1 (fi) 1998-11-30
FI924614A0 (fi) 1992-10-12
DE59209072D1 (de) 1998-01-29
ATE161323T1 (de) 1998-01-15
EP0537650A2 (fr) 1993-04-21
FI102412B (fi) 1998-11-30

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