Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
  • B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
  • B24B31/12—Accessories; Protective equipment or safety devices; Installations for exhaustion of dust or for sound absorption specially adapted for machines covered by group B24B31/00
  • B24B31/14—Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to the art of vibratory and tumbling deburring or surface finishing.
• media rocks used for this purpose have been made of hard and solid material such as natural stone, abrasive ceramic or metal.
• hard media is effective for some purposes, hard media is disadvantageous in that such media cannot conform to the shape of the parts to be finished, and hard media has difficulty imparting a fine, highly polished surface.
• a method for mechanically finishing parts comprising the step of agitating a plurality of parts to be finished in contact with a plurality of discrete substantially homogeneous compressed felt chunks having a particulate abrasive material coating thereon.
• the method of the present invention comprises the additional step of adding liquid to said chunks to substantially increase their weight prior to agitation.
• sufficient liquid is added to substantially saturate the felt.
• the method employs compressed felt having a dry density in the range of about 20 to 45 lbs per cubic foot.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view illustrating the method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a compressed felt chunk particularly adapted for use in the method of the present invention having an exemplary cubic shape, taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 3;
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a compressed felt chunk particularly adapted for use in the method of the present invention having an exemplary cubic shape
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a compressed felt chunk particularly adapted for use in the method of the present invention having an exemplary pyramidal shape
• FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a compressed felt chunk particularly adapted for use in the method of the present invention having an exemplary triangular shape.
• Tub 10 or similar receptacle is fixed for vibration on mounting means 12.
• a tumbling barrel or other such agitation device may be employed to like effect.
• a plurality of media rocks 14 comprising abrasive coated, substantially uniform density compressed felt and parts 16 to be finished are both placed into tub 10.
• the compressed felt media rocks 14 of the present invention will become saturated when placed in sufficient water or other liquid.
• the compressed felt rocks 14 are much lighter and easier to store and handle when in the dry condition.
• media rocks 14 are placed into tub 10 while the media rocks 14 are dry.
• the media rocks can be wetted prior to loading into the tub 10.
• the quantity of rocks loaded into the tub range from 100 to 10,000 rocks.
• a liquid for facilitating the finishing process can be placed into tub 10 through faucet 18.
• the most commonly used liquid is water, although other liquids, such as kerosene, light cutting oils or vegetable oils, may be employed depending upon the finishing to be performed, providing the liquid is compatible with the felt of the media rocks 14 and the parts 16.
• the compressed felt media rocks 14 absorb this water or other liquid to substantially increase in weight prior to agitation.
• sufficient liquid is added to substantially saturate the felt.
• the step of liquid addition to the tub can be performed with equal efficacy before or after the parts 16 and media rocks 14 are loaded into the tub. However, if the media rocks 14 placed into the tub 10 were already saturated when loaded, the amount of water or other liquid must be adjusted accordingly. Sufficient liquid can be added so that there is free liquid (i.e., unabsorbed by the felt rocks) , although this is not necessary for the invention. In fact, it is preferred in the present invention that there be little or no free liquid during agitation, and the ability of the method of the present invention to effectively finish articles without free liquid is a particular advantage.
• the homogeneous felt abrasive media rock 14 is shown.
• the media rock 14 preferably consists of substantially homogeneous and uniform density compressed fiber felt 13, preferably wool, cut into about 1" chunks of any shape.
• the felt rock 14 has a cubic shape, such as shown in Figure 3, because it is easier to fabricate.
• pyramid shaped rocks 14' as shown in Figure 4 and triangle shaped rocks 14' • as shown in Figure 5, and virtually any other shapes and sizes appropriate to the particular finishing operation may be employed.
• the fibrous material of the felt • retains relatively constant ductility within the range of temperatures commonly employed in agitation finishers—that is, between about 50 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit. Wool accomplishes this purpose. Polyester, or other material compatible with the finishing liquid to be used, may also be employed, however polymeric materials will tend to have less constant ductility with temperature than natural materials such as wool. In any event, because a homogeneous porous felt material is preferably used, rather than a substantially solid material, changes in the resilience or ductility of the fibrous material itself with temperature will not greatly change the overall softness of the felt rock 14 when saturated with liquid.
• the compressed felt preferably has a density of from about 20 to 45 lbs. per cubic foot in the dry condition. It has been found that dry densities in the range of about 26 lbs. per cubic foot are particularly advantageous for most applications. However, other densities can be used depending upon the material to be finished.
• the felt rocks When saturated with liquid, the felt rocks are of greater density. Since quantities of 100 to 10,000 media stones are typically used in agitation operations, the initial loading of the media into the tub is facilitated by the use of these lightweight media rocks in their unsaturated condition.
• the felt is preferably initially treated with a light coating of oil 15 to seal loose fibers and to help abrasive coating 17 to adhere to the felt. This light coating is not, however, intended to saturate the felt.
• the abrasive used to coat the felt rocks 14 may be any particulate abrasive commonly employed in finishing operations, such as aluminum oxide, zirconium carbide, zirconium oxide, ground pumice, emery and the like.
• Abrasive coating 17 is applied to coat all exterior surfaces of the felt rock. In lieu of applying a light coating of oil to help adhere the abrasive, the abrasive can also be applied as a paste or in other convenient manner. Because the felt is porous, the abrasive coating 17 with be entrained to some degree into the surface of the felt, thus assisting and maintaining adherence of the abrasive coating 17 to the felt.
• the tub 10 is subjected to agitation, in this exemplary embodiment gyratory vibration, causing a movement of the contents of tub 10 in the direction shown by the arrows.
• agitation in this exemplary embodiment gyratory vibration, causing a movement of the contents of tub 10 in the direction shown by the arrows.
• the barrel would be rotated to cause the appropriate agitation.
• the constant agitation causes repeated random surface contact between parts 16 and the media rocks, deburring excess material from the parts and finishing the surfaces of the parts.
• the saturated felt "squishes" to some degree like a wet sponge, absorbing shocks and conforming to the irregularities of the surfaces of the parts.
• the felt rocks are preferably quite resilient, and thus tend to return to their original shape and size when a compressive weight is removed.
• the compression and uncompression of the felt of a "rock” causes linear relative movement of portions of the surface of the "rock” in contact with the surface of an article to be finished, even in the absense of gross relative movement of the entire "rock” with respect to the article. This effect further enhances the finishing capabilities of the method of the present invention.
• Media rocks 14 are relatively soft compared to conventional hard media owing to the use of compressed felt and conform easily to irregular surfaces of the parts to be finished. Because felt rocks 14 are preferably substantially homogeneous and of substantially uniform density throughout, there is no hard core to impart non- uniformity to the density or to detract from the felt rocks' ability to "squish" and deform in response to irregularities.
• the density of rocks 14 in use corresponds substantially to that of the felt as saturated by the liquid used in the finishing operation.
• the density of the felt in the substantially saturated condition has been found to be highly effective for finishing operations requiring a high polish, as well as many other finishing operations.
• the felt "rocks" employed in the present method are homogeneous, shapes such as rods, cones, and triangles can be readily used. In addition, small sizes of rocks can be used without any inner core material restriction. Since parts to be finished often require specific shapes for optimum finishing, the homogeneous felt's flexibility is important to accommodate these needs. Because the material of the felt rocks 14 employed in the method of the present invention is preferably non- toxic, discharge from the finishing operation is substantially non-toxic, decreasing environmental hazards upon discharge.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
• Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (3)

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• 1991
  • 1991-06-26 DE DE69132551T patent/DE69132551T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-06-26 ES ES91913172T patent/ES2156855T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-06-26 WO PCT/US1991/004568 patent/WO1992000162A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1991-06-26 EP EP91913172A patent/EP0536298B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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