EP0534950A1 - Process for controlling the current supply device of an electrofilter. - Google Patents

Process for controlling the current supply device of an electrofilter.

Info

Publication number
EP0534950A1
EP0534950A1 EP90905427A EP90905427A EP0534950A1 EP 0534950 A1 EP0534950 A1 EP 0534950A1 EP 90905427 A EP90905427 A EP 90905427A EP 90905427 A EP90905427 A EP 90905427A EP 0534950 A1 EP0534950 A1 EP 0534950A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
current
measuring
electrostatic
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90905427A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0534950B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Doenig
Roland Huempfner
Norbert Grass
Hans-Joachim Knaak
Franz Neulinger
Helmut Schummer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0534950A1 publication Critical patent/EP0534950A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0534950B1 publication Critical patent/EP0534950B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
    • Y10S323/903—Precipitators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control method for the power supply device of an electrostatic precipitator, which consists of an intermediate circuit converter equipped with a measuring and control unit with a downstream high-voltage transformer.
  • This type of setpoint specification has disadvantages: its reliability and accuracy depends on the experience and attention of the operating personnel, and it leads to high personnel costs. Particularly because of stricter environmental laws (e.g. TA McDonald), it is necessary to operate the electrostatic filter optimally. Since the breakdown voltage of the filter changes during operation, the setpoints have to be determined and adapted again and again for optimal operation. Due to the rapidity of the change in the breakdown voltage, a constant setpoint adjustment is not possible even for trained personnel.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid the secondary measurement at high voltage.
  • Another object of the invention is to accelerate and automate the setpoint value setting, so that the electrostatic filter is optimally controlled and environmental protection requirements are thereby met.
  • Automation is also intended to save personnel costs.
  • the object is achieved in that the measurement and control unit measures values on the primary side and automatically determines states on the secondary side from the values measured on the primary side.
  • actual values e.g. B. the primary voltage, measured, it is u.
  • the secondary-side actual values are calculated from the primary-side actual values of voltage and current, and the electric filter is hereby checked for filter breakdown and filter short-circuit.
  • the electrostatic precipitator can be operated with direct current, with current pulses or with a combination of both.
  • the Breaks between two pulses created several small measuring pulses in order to be able to measure sensible values on the primary side even during the pulse breaks.
  • a filter characteristic is recorded, this filter characteristic is evaluated, and new setpoints, for example, B. for the DC link current.
  • the new setpoints are calculated in an automation unit superordinate to the measuring and control unit.
  • the FIG shows schematically an arrangement for carrying out the control process and the management process for specifying the setpoint.
  • An intermediate circuit converter 2 equipped with a measuring and control unit 1 feeds a high-voltage transformer 3, the output voltage of which is applied to an electric filter 5 via a rectifier 4.
  • the measuring and control unit 1 is connected to a higher-level automation unit 6.
  • the higher-level automation unit 6 can e.g. B. a programmable logic controller (Siemens S5) or a personal computer.
  • the measuring and control unit 1 measures or determines continuously - z. B. every millisecond - DC link current and primary voltage on the primary side and determines the filter current and filter voltage from these variables.
  • the filter voltage changes from one measurement or calculation to the other from a value above a predetermined, changeable minimum value, e.g. B. 5 kV, to less than a predetermined variable percentage, z. B. 25%, it is detected on filter breakdown. If the filter voltage is within a predefined, changeable breakdown waiting time between 0 and 200 ms, e.g. B. 100 ms, increases again above this percentage, the counter for self-extinguishing breakthroughs is increased by one in the measuring and control unit 1. Otherwise the counter for non-self-extinguishing breakthroughs is increased by one and a deionization reaction is initiated. The filter 5 is then recharged.
  • a predefined, changeable breakdown waiting time between 0 and 200 ms, e.g. B. 100 ms
  • a filter current flows which is greater than a predetermined, variable minimum current, e.g. B. 10% of the maximum current is detected on filter short circuit and the current supply in the intermediate circuit of the intermediate circuit converter 2 for a predetermined, changeable waiting time of z. B. locked for 500 ms.
  • the time of the filter short circuit is also saved.
  • the filter 5 is then recharged. If the number of filter shorts exceeds during a predetermined, changeable time period, e.g. B. a minute, a predetermined, changeable maximum number, z. B. 10, it is recognized for permanent short-circuit and the electrostatic filter 5 is switched off.
  • 6 commands and any necessary parameters are transmitted from the higher-level automation unit to the measuring and control unit 1. These commands can be:
  • the measuring and control unit 1 When the measuring and control unit 1 receives the command to record the characteristic curve, the measuring and control unit 1 interrupts the normal operation of the electrostatic filter 5 and takes the filter characteristic curve and transmits the data to the higher-level automation unit 6.
  • the automation unit 6 displays the filter characteristic on a monitor (not shown), evaluates the transmitted data and transmits new setpoints to the measuring and control unit 1.
  • New setpoints can can be specified for all changeable values. Examples include:
  • the filter characteristic is shown as a function of the filter voltage as a function of the filter current. If the electrostatic filter is operated with current pulses, the filter voltage is shown as a function of time as the filter characteristic.
  • small measuring pulses applied to the electrostatic filter 5. This is always necessary in pulse mode not only during the recording of the characteristic curve, since otherwise the electrostatic filter 5 is decoupled from the high-voltage transformer 3 by the rectifier 4 during the pulse pauses.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)

Abstract

A filter short circuit is detected when the primary voltage of the high-voltage transformer drops below a specified minimum value and does not rise above the specified minimum value during a specified delay period and a filter current is greater than a specified minimum current. No current is drawn from the external current supply for a variable time delay when a filter short circuit is detected. A filter short circuit count is incremented when a filter short circuit is detected. When the count exceeds a specified, variable limit within a specified, variable time span, the indirect converter is disconnected.

Description

Regelverfahren für die Stromversorgungseinrichtung eines Elek- trofilters Control method for the power supply device of an electrostatic filter
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Regelverfahren für die Stromversor- gungseinrichtung eines Elektrofilters , die aus einem mit einer Meß- und Steuereinheit ausgestatteten Zwischenkreisumrichter mit nachgeschaltetem Hochspannungstransformator besteht.The invention relates to a control method for the power supply device of an electrostatic precipitator, which consists of an intermediate circuit converter equipped with a measuring and control unit with a downstream high-voltage transformer.
Stromversorgungseinrichtuπgen der oben genannten Art sind z. B. aus der DE-OS 35 22 569 bekannt. Ein gravierender Nachteil der bisher bekannten Regelverfahren ist die Notwendigkeit, zur Er¬ mittlung sekundärseitiger Zustände den Filterstrom und die Fil¬ terspannung sekundärseitig, d. h. auf der Hochspaπnungsseite des Transformators, zu messen. Meßgeräte zur Messung unter Hochspan- nung sind teuer und störanfällig. Zudem müssen umfangreiche Ab- schirmungs- und Isolierungsmaßnahmen getroffen werden, um die Sicherheit für das Betriebspersonal zu gewährleisten. Anderer¬ seits ist die Ermittlung sekundärseitiger Zustände unabdingbar, da das Elektrofilter möglichst optimal ausgesteuert werden soll und hierzu eine ständige Anpassung der Sollwerte, z. B. für den Zwischenkreisstrom, nötig ist.Stromversorgungseinrichtuπgen of the above type are such. B. from DE-OS 35 22 569 known. A serious disadvantage of the previously known control methods is the necessity to determine the filter current and the filter voltage on the secondary side, in order to determine secondary states. H. to measure on the high voltage side of the transformer. Measuring devices for measuring under high voltage are expensive and prone to failure. In addition, extensive shielding and insulation measures must be taken to ensure the safety of the operating personnel. On the other hand, the determination of secondary-side conditions is indispensable, since the electrostatic filter should be controlled as optimally as possible and for this purpose a constant adjustment of the setpoints, e.g. B. for the intermediate circuit current, is necessary.
Wegen der vorstehend beschriebenen Hochspannungsprobleme erfolg¬ te bisher die Sollwertvorgabe für Werte wie z.B. Zwischenkreis- ström, Pulswiederholfrequenz oder Pulsdauer dadurch, daß die Fil¬ terkennlinie gemessen wurde und mit Hilfe dieser Messung auf¬ grund der Erfahrung des Bedienpersonals neue Sollwerte manuell vorgegeben wurden.Because of the high-voltage problems described above, the setpoint specification for values such as e.g. DC link current, pulse repetition frequency or pulse duration in that the filter characteristic was measured and with the help of this measurement, new setpoints were manually specified based on the experience of the operating personnel.
Diese Art der Sollwertvorgabe hat Nachteile: Ihre Zuverlässigkeit und Genauigkeit ist von Erfahrung und Aufmerksamkeit des Bedien¬ personals abhängig, und sie führt zu hohen Personalkosten. Insbesondere wegen verschärfter Umweltgesetze (z. B. TA Luft) ist es nötig, das Elektrofilter optimal zu betreiben. Da sich die Durchschlagsspannung des Filters während des Betriebes än¬ dert, müssen für einen optimalen Betrieb die Sollwerte immer wieder neu bestimmt und angepaßt werden. Aufgrund der Schnellig¬ keit der Änderung der Durchschlagsspannung ist eine ständige Sollwertanpassung auch für geschultes Personal nicht möglich.This type of setpoint specification has disadvantages: its reliability and accuracy depends on the experience and attention of the operating personnel, and it leads to high personnel costs. Particularly because of stricter environmental laws (e.g. TA Luft), it is necessary to operate the electrostatic filter optimally. Since the breakdown voltage of the filter changes during operation, the setpoints have to be determined and adapted again and again for optimal operation. Due to the rapidity of the change in the breakdown voltage, a constant setpoint adjustment is not possible even for trained personnel.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, das sekundärseitige Mes- seπ bei Hochspannung zu vermeiden. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Er¬ findung besteht darin, die Sollwertvorgabe zu beschleunigen und zu automatisieren, so daß das Elektrofilter optimal gesteuert und dadurch Umweltschutzauflageπ erfüllt werden. Insbesondere soll aus Gründen der Wirtschaftlichkeit die Nachrüstung exi- stierender Anlagen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Regelverfahren möglich sein. Ferner sollen durch die Automatisierung Persoπal- kosten eingespart werden.The object of the present invention is to avoid the secondary measurement at high voltage. Another object of the invention is to accelerate and automate the setpoint value setting, so that the electrostatic filter is optimally controlled and environmental protection requirements are thereby met. In particular, for reasons of economy, it should be possible to retrofit existing systems with the control method according to the invention. Automation is also intended to save personnel costs.
Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß von der Meß- und Steuereiπ- heit primärseitige Werte gemessen und aus den primärseitig ge¬ messenen Werten automatisch sekundärseitige Zustände ermittelt werden.The object is achieved in that the measurement and control unit measures values on the primary side and automatically determines states on the secondary side from the values measured on the primary side.
Im Regelfall werden hierbei primärseitig Istwerte, z. B. die Primärspannung, gemessen, es ist u. U. aber auch sinnvoll, Soll¬ werte, Istwerte und Sollwerte, Verknüpfungen von Ist- und Soll¬ werten oder Kombinationen hiervon zu messen.As a rule, actual values, e.g. B. the primary voltage, measured, it is u. However, it may also be useful to measure setpoints, actual values and setpoints, links between actual and setpoints, or combinations thereof.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Regelverfahrens werden aus den primärseitigen Istwerten von Spannung und Strom die sekundärseitigen Istwerte berechnet und hiermit das Elektro¬ filter auf Filterdurchschlag und Filterkurzschluß überprüft.In an advantageous embodiment of the control method, the secondary-side actual values are calculated from the primary-side actual values of voltage and current, and the electric filter is hereby checked for filter breakdown and filter short-circuit.
Das Elektrofilter kann hierbei mit Gleichstrom, mit Strom- pulsen oder mit einer Kombination von beide betrieben werden. Bei mit Strompulsen betriebenen Elektrofiltern werden in den Pausen zwischen zwei Pulsen mehrere kleine Meßpulse angelegt, um auch in den Pulspausen primärseitig sinnvolle Werte messen zu können.The electrostatic precipitator can be operated with direct current, with current pulses or with a combination of both. In the case of electrostatic filters operated with current pulses, the Breaks between two pulses created several small measuring pulses in order to be able to measure sensible values on the primary side even during the pulse breaks.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird eine Filterkennlinie aufgenommen, diese Filterkennlinie ausgewer¬ tet, und aufgrund der Auswertung der Filterkeπnlinie neue Soll¬ werte, z. B. für den Zwischenkreisstrom, bestimmt. Die Berech¬ nung der neuen Sollwerte erfolgt in einer der Meß- und Steuer- einheit übergeordneten Automatisiereinheit.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a filter characteristic is recorded, this filter characteristic is evaluated, and new setpoints, for example, B. for the DC link current. The new setpoints are calculated in an automation unit superordinate to the measuring and control unit.
Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus der nachfol¬ genden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels und in Verbindung mit den weiteren Einzelansprücheπ.Further advantages and details emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment and in conjunction with the further individual claims.
Die FIG zeigt schematisch eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Regelverfahrens und des Führungsverfahrens zur Sollwertvorgabe.The FIG shows schematically an arrangement for carrying out the control process and the management process for specifying the setpoint.
Ein mit einer Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 ausgestatteter Zwischeπ- kreisumrichter 2 speist einen Hochspannungstransformator 3, des¬ sen Ausgangsspaπnung über einen Gleichrichter 4 an ein Elektro¬ filter 5 angelegt ist. Die Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 ist mit ei¬ ner übergeordneten Automatisiereinheit 6 verbunden. Die überge¬ ordnete Automatisiereinheit 6 kann z. B. eine speicherprogram- mierbare Steuerung (Siemens S5) oder ein Personalcomputer sein. Die Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 mißt oder bestimmt kontinuierlich - z. B. jede Millisekunde - primärseitig Zwischenkreisstrom und Primärspannung und ermittelt aus diesen Größen Filterstrom und Filterspannung.An intermediate circuit converter 2 equipped with a measuring and control unit 1 feeds a high-voltage transformer 3, the output voltage of which is applied to an electric filter 5 via a rectifier 4. The measuring and control unit 1 is connected to a higher-level automation unit 6. The higher-level automation unit 6 can e.g. B. a programmable logic controller (Siemens S5) or a personal computer. The measuring and control unit 1 measures or determines continuously - z. B. every millisecond - DC link current and primary voltage on the primary side and determines the filter current and filter voltage from these variables.
Wenn die Filterspannung von einer Messung bzw. Berechnung auf die andere von einem Wert oberhalb eines vorgegebenen, veränder¬ baren Minimalwertes, z. B. 5 kV, auf weniger als einen vorgege¬ benen, veränderbaren Prozentsatz, z. B. 25 %, absinkt, so wird auf Filterdurchschlag erkannt. Wenn die Filterspannung in einer vorgegebenen, veränderbaren Durchschlag-Wartezeit zwischen 0 und 200 ms, z. B. 100 ms, wieder über diesen Prozentsatz ansteigt, wird in der Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 der Zähler für selbstver¬ löschende Durchschläge um eins erhöht. Andernfalls wird der Zäh¬ ler für nicht selbstverlöschende Durchschl ge um eins erhöht und eine Entionisierungsreaktion eingeleitet. Anschließend wird das Filter 5 wieder aufgeladen.If the filter voltage changes from one measurement or calculation to the other from a value above a predetermined, changeable minimum value, e.g. B. 5 kV, to less than a predetermined variable percentage, z. B. 25%, it is detected on filter breakdown. If the filter voltage is within a predefined, changeable breakdown waiting time between 0 and 200 ms, e.g. B. 100 ms, increases again above this percentage, the counter for self-extinguishing breakthroughs is increased by one in the measuring and control unit 1. Otherwise the counter for non-self-extinguishing breakthroughs is increased by one and a deionization reaction is initiated. The filter 5 is then recharged.
Wenn die Primärspannung des Hochspannungstransformators 3 unter einen vorgegebenen, veränderbaren Minimalwert im Bereich von 60 bis 100 V, typisch ca. 80 V, absinkt, während einer vorgegebe¬ nen, veränderbaren Kurzschluß-Wartezeit von z. B. 250 ms nicht wieder über diesen Wert ansteigt und gleichzeitig ein Filter¬ strom fließt, der größer als ein vorgegebener, veränderbarer Mindeststrom, z. B. 10 % des Maximalstromes, ist, so wird auf Filterkurzschluß erkannt und die Stromzufuhr in den Zwischen¬ kreis des Zwischenkreisumrichters 2 für eine vorgegebene, ver¬ änderbare Wartezeit von z. B. 500 ms gesperrt. Ferner wird der Zeitpunkt des Filterkurzschlusses gespeichert. Anschließend wird das Filter 5 wieder aufgeladen. Übersteigt die Zahl der Filter- kurzschlüsse während einer vorgegebenen, veränderbaren Zeit¬ spanne, z. B. eine Minute, eine vorgegebene, veränderbare maxi¬ male Anzahl, z. B. 10, so wird auf Dauerkurzschluß erkannt und das Elektrofilter 5 abgeschaltet.If the primary voltage of the high-voltage transformer 3 drops below a predetermined, changeable minimum value in the range from 60 to 100 V, typically about 80 V, during a predetermined, changeable short-circuit waiting time of z. B. does not rise above this value again for 250 ms and at the same time a filter current flows which is greater than a predetermined, variable minimum current, e.g. B. 10% of the maximum current is detected on filter short circuit and the current supply in the intermediate circuit of the intermediate circuit converter 2 for a predetermined, changeable waiting time of z. B. locked for 500 ms. The time of the filter short circuit is also saved. The filter 5 is then recharged. If the number of filter shorts exceeds during a predetermined, changeable time period, e.g. B. a minute, a predetermined, changeable maximum number, z. B. 10, it is recognized for permanent short-circuit and the electrostatic filter 5 is switched off.
In Intervallen werden von der übergeordneten Automatisiereinheit 6 Kommandos sowie eventuell nötige Parameter an die Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 übertragen. Diese Kommandos können sein:At intervals, 6 commands and any necessary parameters are transmitted from the higher-level automation unit to the measuring and control unit 1. These commands can be:
- Das Kommando zum Verändern der Betriebsart (Gleichstrombetrieb, Pulsbetrieb, gemischter Betrieb), - das Kommando zum Verändern der Betriebsparameter und die neuen Betriebsparameter,- the command to change the operating mode (DC operation, pulsed operation, mixed operation), - the command to change the operating parameters and the new operating parameters,
- das Kommando zur Aufnahme einer Filterkennlinie.- the command to record a filter characteristic.
Wenn die Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 das Kommando zur Kennlinien- aufnähme empfängt, unterbricht die Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 den normalen Betrieb des Elektrofilters 5, nimmt die Filterkennlinie auf und überträgt die Daten an die übergeordnete Automatisier¬ einheit 6. Die Automatisiereinheit 6 zeigt die Filterkennlinie auf einem (nicht dargestellten) Monitor an, wertet die über¬ mittelten Daten aus und übertragt neue Sollwerte an die Meß- und Steuereinheit 1. Neue Sollwerte können für alle veränderbaren Werte vorgegeben werden. Als Beispiele seien hier genannt:When the measuring and control unit 1 receives the command to record the characteristic curve, the measuring and control unit 1 interrupts the normal operation of the electrostatic filter 5 and takes the filter characteristic curve and transmits the data to the higher-level automation unit 6. The automation unit 6 displays the filter characteristic on a monitor (not shown), evaluates the transmitted data and transmits new setpoints to the measuring and control unit 1. New setpoints can can be specified for all changeable values. Examples include:
- Stellgrößen wie z. B. Zwischenkreisstrom und bei Pulsbetrieb die Pulsdauer,- manipulated variables such. B. DC link current and in pulse mode the pulse duration,
- Vergleichsgrößeπ wie z. B. die kritische Spannung für die Detektion eines Filterkurzschlusses,- Comparison variable π such as. B. the critical voltage for the detection of a filter short circuit,
- Zeiten wie z. B. die Durchschlag-Wartezeit.- Times like B. the breakthrough waiting time.
Wenn das Elektrofilter 5 mit Gleichstrom betrieben wird, wird die Filterkennliπie als Funktion der Filterspannung in Abhäng- igkeit vom Filterstrom dargestellt. Wenn das Elektrofilter mit Strompulsen betrieben wird, wird als Filterkennlinie die Filter¬ spannung als Funktion der Zeit dargestellt. Um während der Pau¬ se zwischen zwei Pulsen die Filterwerte primärseitig messen zu können, werden während der Pulspause periodisch, z. B. mit einer Frequenz zwischen 100 und 1000 Hz, kleine Meßpulse an das Elek¬ trofilter 5 angelegt. Dies ist im Pulsbetrieb nicht nur während der Kennlinienaufnahme, sondern immer nötig, da sonst während der Pulspausen das Elektrofilter 5 durch den Gleichrichter 4 vom Hochspannungstransformator 3 abgekoppelt ist.If the electrostatic filter 5 is operated with direct current, the filter characteristic is shown as a function of the filter voltage as a function of the filter current. If the electrostatic filter is operated with current pulses, the filter voltage is shown as a function of time as the filter characteristic. In order to be able to measure the filter values on the primary side during the pause between two pulses, periodically, e.g. B. with a frequency between 100 and 1000 Hz, small measuring pulses applied to the electrostatic filter 5. This is always necessary in pulse mode not only during the recording of the characteristic curve, since otherwise the electrostatic filter 5 is decoupled from the high-voltage transformer 3 by the rectifier 4 during the pulse pauses.
Im Vorangegangenen wurde neben einem Regelverfahren für die Stromversorgungseinrichtung eines Elektrofilters 5 durch eine Meß- und Steuereinheit 1 die Führung der Meß- und Steuerein¬ heit 1 einer Stromversorgungseiπrichtung für ein Elektrofilter 5 durch eine übergeordnete Automatisiereinheit 6 geschildert. Selbstverständlich ist es ebenso möglich, mit einer derartigen Automatisiereinheit 6 mehrere Elektrofilter 5 zu führen. Die Betriebsarten der Elektrofilter sind hierbei völlig unabhängig voneinander. In the foregoing, in addition to a control method for the power supply device of an electrostatic filter 5 by a measuring and control unit 1, the guidance of the measuring and control unit 1 of a power supply device for an electrostatic filter 5 by a higher-level automation unit 6 was described. Of course, it is also possible to guide several electrostatic filters 5 with such an automation unit 6. The operating modes of the electrostatic precipitators are completely independent of one another.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Regelverfahren für die Stromversorgungseinrichtung eines Elektrofilters, die aus einem mit einer Meß- und Steuereinheit ausgestatteten Zwischenkreisumrichter mit nachgeschaltetem Hoch¬ spannungstransformator besteht, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t , daß von der Meß- und Steuereinheit (1) pri¬ märseitig Werte gemessen werden und aus den primärseitig ge¬ messenen Werten automatisch sekundärseitige Zustände ermittelt werden.1. Control method for the power supply device of an electrostatic filter, which consists of an intermediate circuit converter equipped with a measuring and control unit with a downstream high-voltage transformer, characterized in that values are measured on the primary side by the measuring and control unit (1) and from the values measured on the primary side are automatically determined on the secondary side.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t , daß das Elektrofilter (5) mit Gleichstrom betrieben wird.2. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t that the electrostatic filter (5) is operated with direct current.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t , daß das Elektrofilter (5) mit Strompulsen betrieben wird.3. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t that the electrostatic filter (5) is operated with current pulses.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, d a d u r c h g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Elektrofilter (5) mit Gleich¬ strom betrieben wird, dem Strompulse überlagert sind.4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, d a d u r c h g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t that the electrostatic filter (5) is operated with direct current, the current pulses are superimposed.
5. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß von der5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that of
Meß- und Steuereinheit (1) Strom und Spannung des Hochspannungs¬ transformators (3) primärseitig gemessen und hieraus Filterstrom und Filterspannung berechnet werden.Measuring and control unit (1) Current and voltage of the high-voltage transformer (3) measured on the primary side and filter current and filter voltage can be calculated from this.
6. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß bei einem mit Strompulsen betriebenen Elektrofilter (5) während der Pause zwischen zwei Strompulsen in kurzen Zeitabständen Meßpulse an das Elektrofilter (5) angelegt werden. 6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that measuring pulses are applied to the electrostatic precipitator (5) at short time intervals in an electrostatic precipitator operated with electrostatic pulses (5) between the two electrostatic pulses.
7. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß ein Fil¬ terdurchschlag dadurch detektiert wird, daß die Filterspanπuπg in kurzer Zeit, z. B. 1-10 ms, von einem hohen Wert, z. B. größer 5 kV, auf einen niedrigen Wert, z. B. weniger als 25 % der vorherigen Spannung, absinkt.7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that a filter breakdown is detected in that the Filterspanπuπg in a short time, z. B. 1-10 ms, of a high value, e.g. B. greater than 5 kV, to a low value, for. B. less than 25% of the previous voltage.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t , daß bei Detektion eines Filterdurchschlages ein Zähler in der Meß- und Steuereinheit (1) inkrementiert wird, nach einer vorgegebenen, veränderbaren Durchschlag-Wartezeit erneut geprüft wird, ob ein Filterdurchschlag stattfindet,und bei Vorliegen eines Filterdurchschlages eine Eπtionisierungs- Reaktion eingeleitet wird.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, when a filter breakdown is detected, a counter in the measuring and control unit (1) is incremented, after a predetermined, variable breakdown waiting time it is checked again whether a filter breakdown takes place, and if there is a filter breakdown initiates an ionization reaction.
9. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß ein Fil¬ terkurzschluß dadurch detektiert wird, daß bei kleiner Primär¬ spannung, z. B. 60 bis 100 V, des Hochspannungstransformators (3) ein hoher Filterstrom, z. B. mehr als 10 % des Maximal¬ stroms, fließt.9. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that a filter short circuit is detected by the fact that at low primary voltage, z. B. 60 to 100 V, the high-voltage transformer (3) a high filter current, for. B. more than 10% of the maximum current flows.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t , daß bei Detektion eines Filterkurzschlusses für eine vorgegebene, veränderbare Wartezeit der externen Strom¬ versorgung kein Strom mehr entnommen wird, der Zeitpunkt des Auftretens des Filterkurzschlusses gespeichert wird und der Zwi¬ schenkreisumrichter (2) abgeschaltet wird, wenn die Zahl der Filterkurzschlüsse innerhalb einer vorgegebenen, veränderbaren Zeitspanne eine vorgegebene, veränderbare Grenze übersteigt.10. The method according to claim 9, characterized ¬ characterized in that upon detection of a filter short circuit for a given, variable waiting time of the external Strom¬ supply no more electricity is drawn, the time of occurrence of the filter short circuit is stored and the intermediate circuit converter (2) is switched off becomes when the number of filter short-circuits exceeds a predetermined, changeable limit within a predetermined, changeable time period.
11. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der obigen Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß in Inter¬ vallen eine Filterkeπnlinie aufgenommen wird, aus der neue Sollwerte für die Steuerung des Zwischenkreisumrichters (2) berechnet werden. 11. The method according to one or more of the above claims, characterized in that a filter characteristic curve is recorded in intervals from which new setpoints for the control of the intermediate circuit converter (2) are calculated.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t , daß als neue Sollwerte Stellgrößen wie z. B. der Zwischenkreisstrom, Vergleichsgrößen wie z. B. der Minimal- wert zur Detektion eines Filterkurzschlusses und Zeiten wie z.B. die Durchschlag-Wartezeit vorgebbar sind.12. The method of claim 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n n ¬ z e i c h n e t that as new setpoints manipulated variables such. B. the intermediate circuit current, comparative variables such. B. the minimum value for the detection of a filter short circuit and times such as the breakthrough waiting time can be specified.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, d a d u r c h g e - k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Kennlinien von der Meß- und Steuereinheit (1) an eine übergeordnete Automatisiereinheit (6) übertragen werden, von dieser ausgewertet werden und die neuen Sollwerte an die Meß- und Steuereinheit (1) übertragen werden. 13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, dadurchge - indicates that the characteristics from the measuring and control unit (1) to a higher-level automation unit (6) are transmitted, evaluated by this and the new setpoints to the measuring and control unit ( 1) be transferred.
EP90905427A 1990-04-04 1990-04-04 Process for controlling the current supply device of an electrofilter Expired - Lifetime EP0534950B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1990/000262 WO1991015297A1 (en) 1990-04-04 1990-04-04 Process for controlling the current supply device of an electrofilter

Publications (2)

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EP0534950A1 true EP0534950A1 (en) 1993-04-07
EP0534950B1 EP0534950B1 (en) 1995-07-26

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US (1) US5471377A (en)
EP (1) EP0534950B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05505137A (en)
AT (1) ATE125470T1 (en)
DE (2) DE59009450D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0534950T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2075201T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1991015297A1 (en)

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EP0569838A1 (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Control process and control device for an electrofilter
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DE19501901B4 (en) * 1995-01-23 2006-08-17 Siemens Ag Method for controlling the filter flow of an electrostatic precipitator
JP2001513313A (en) * 1996-11-05 2001-08-28 テクノーション ビー ヴィ High-voltage generator voltage-controlled based on discharge current
US6574123B2 (en) 2001-07-12 2003-06-03 Engineering Dynamics Ltd Power supply for electrostatic air filtration
DE10214185A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-16 Siemens Ag PC arrangement for visualization, diagnostic and expert systems for monitoring and control or regulation of high-voltage supply units of electrostatic filters
DE10328586A1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2005-01-20 Siemens Ag Electrostatic filter with breakdown detection
US7081152B2 (en) * 2004-02-18 2006-07-25 Electric Power Research Institute Incorporated ESP performance optimization control
DE102004036210B4 (en) * 2004-07-26 2006-08-31 Siemens Ag Control device and control method for electrostatic precipitators with a configurable number of parallel and serial filter zones
US7452403B2 (en) * 2005-12-29 2008-11-18 General Electric Company System and method for applying partial discharge analysis for electrostatic precipitator
US7357828B2 (en) * 2006-07-17 2008-04-15 Oreck Holdings Llc Air cleaner including constant current power supply
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4108811A1 (en) 1991-10-10
US5471377A (en) 1995-11-28
DE59009450D1 (en) 1995-08-31
JPH05505137A (en) 1993-08-05
DK0534950T3 (en) 1995-12-18
ATE125470T1 (en) 1995-08-15
ES2075201T3 (en) 1995-10-01
EP0534950B1 (en) 1995-07-26
WO1991015297A1 (en) 1991-10-17

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