EP0533559A1 - Pincer grab excavator - Google Patents

Pincer grab excavator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0533559A1
EP0533559A1 EP92402531A EP92402531A EP0533559A1 EP 0533559 A1 EP0533559 A1 EP 0533559A1 EP 92402531 A EP92402531 A EP 92402531A EP 92402531 A EP92402531 A EP 92402531A EP 0533559 A1 EP0533559 A1 EP 0533559A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide piece
axis
offset
reels
bucket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92402531A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0533559B1 (en
Inventor
Joel Cano
Philippe Chagnot
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Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Publication of EP0533559A1 publication Critical patent/EP0533559A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/14—Booms only for booms with cable suspension arrangements; Cable suspensions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/46—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor
    • E02F3/47—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with reciprocating digging or scraping elements moved by cables or hoisting ropes ; Drives or control devices therefor with grab buckets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a clamshell excavation device making it possible to execute under good conditions relatively deep trenches in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing fixed obstacles.
  • square rod is designated according to the usual terminology in this technique a rod which can slide longitudinally in the guide piece, the sections of the rod and of the guide piece being such that the rod and the guide part are integral in rotation about their longitudinal axis.
  • the subject of the present invention is an apparatus of this type which avoids the aforementioned drawbacks by allowing excavations to be made in the immediate vicinity of obstacles and this without disturbing the general good functioning of the apparatus.
  • the subject of the present invention is a clamshell excavation device making it possible to execute trenches in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing obstacles, of the type in which the grab is provided at its upper part with a square rod which engages in a guide piece of corresponding shape suspended from the upper part of a lifting device while being able to pivot about a vertical axis, reels intended to receive the hydraulic hoses for controlling the bucket being secured to the guide piece, device characterized in that the reels are offset laterally in the direction of the lifting device and that the upper part of the guide piece is supported by the lifting device at a point offset relative to the axis of the bucket and of the guide piece, so as to compensate for the tilting torque resulting from the offset of the reels and to maintain the axis of the guide piece in a sensitive position slightly vertical.
  • the apparatus according to the invention avoids the drawback that, when the reels are moved to the side of the guide piece opposite the obstacle along which it is desired to excavate, the bucket is tipped over and of its guide piece towards said obstacle.
  • Such a tilting has the drawback of making it more difficult to position the bucket. Furthermore, it makes more random, and in any case more difficult, the engagement of the end of the square rod integral with the bucket in the guide part of corresponding shape, due to the fact that the bucket being suspended by a cable, the latter has a vertical position while the guide piece is inclined due to the tilting torque communicated to it by the reels. As a result, the upper end of the square rod Difficult to engage in the lower hole of the guide piece, causing unwanted impact and premature wear of the lifting cable of the bucket.
  • the tilting torque which tends to cause the guide piece to take an inclined position is automatically compensated for by the fact that the guide piece is suspended at a point offset from its vertical axis, this which allows the creation of a reverse tilting torque to the previous one which ensures the maintenance of the guide piece in the vertical position and which eliminates all difficulties when the upper end of the square rod which is integral with the bucket must engage in the guide piece.
  • the reels are mounted on the guide piece so as to allow their positioning on one side or the other of the sides of the bucket.
  • the compensation of the tilting torque caused by the offset of the reels is in both cases compensated by the fact that the point of suspension of the upper part of the guide piece is located above its vertical pivot axis.
  • the tilting torque caused by the point of attachment of the guide piece to the lifting gear is such that the guide piece tends to tilt towards the lifting device, this tendency being offset by the offset of the reels towards the lifting device.
  • the mast of the lifting device which supports the guide part is connected by a horizontal hinge pin to the upper part of the vertical pivoting device which is arranged in the upper part of the guide piece and a damper, preferably hydraulic, is articulated on these two pieces so as to brake the pendulum movements around said articulation axis horizontal, which notably improves the control of the positioning of the bucket and facilitates the realization of excavations in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing obstacles.
  • a part between the lifting gear and the upper part of the guide part is planned to place a part between the lifting gear and the upper part of the guide part and to create a second horizontal articulation axis and also to brake the pendulum movements around this axle using a second damper, preferably hydraulic.
  • This variant facilitates the folding of the guide part of the square rod against the mast of the lifting machine, in particular when moving from one site to another.
  • FIG. 1 Schematically shown in Figure 1 the lifting device 1 mounted on tracks 2 which, in the usual way, can pivot about a vertical axis.
  • the mast 3 of this machine can be tilted down or up by conventional means. It supports at its upper part a guide piece 4 capable of receiving inside it the square rod, not shown, which is integral with the upper part of the excavating bucket 5.
  • the guide piece 4 can pivot about a vertical axis relative to its upper part 6 to which it is joined by a hydraulic rotating joint so as to allow the passage of the hydraulic fluids which are necessary for controlling the bucket, whatever that the angular position of the bucket relative to the lifting machine 1.
  • FIG. 1 also shows the reels 7 which make it possible to store the hydraulic hoses 8 said hoses taking place as and when the bucket 5 sinks into the excavated trench 9.
  • the upper part 6 of the guide part 4 is supported by the upper end of the mast 3 by means of a part 11 articulated at 12 on the part 6 and at 13 on the mast 3.
  • the size of the reels is located only on one side of the guide piece 4.
  • the reels can be tilted using any device, for example by being mounted on pivoting levers controlled by hydraulic cylinders.
  • the reels 7 are tilted in the direction of the arrow F1 so that the reels do not protrude to the left beyond the size of the guide piece 4.
  • the upper part 6 of the guide piece 4 is suspended along the axis 12 which, as can be clearly seen in Figure 2, is offset to the right relative to the vertical axis 10 of the guide piece 4.
  • the axis 10 of the guide piece remains in a vertical position because the overturning torque which tilts the guide piece to the left and which results from the offset of the reels in the direction of the arrow F1 is exactly compensated by the tilting torque to the right which results from the fact that the hinge pin 12 of the upper part 6 of the guide piece 4 on the mast 3 is offset to the right with respect to the vertical axis 10 and consequently creates an overturning torque of the same value to the right.
  • the damper 14 is articulated at 16 on the end of the mast 3 and at 17 on the intermediate piece 11 while the damper 15 is articulated at 18 on the intermediate piece 11 and at 19 on the upper part 6 of the piece of guidance 4.
  • the hydraulic dampers 14 and 15 are pistons, the two faces of which are connected by a pipe containing a hydraulic fluid, the displacement of which is limited by an orifice of appropriate dimensions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a pincer grab excavator making it possible to dig trenches in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing obstacles, of the type in which the grab is provided at its upper part with a square rod which engages in a guiding component of corresponding shape suspended from the upper part of a lifting machine, while being able to pivot about a vertical axis, winders intended to receive the hydraulic hoses for controlling the grab being fitted to the guiding component. The winders (7) are offset laterally towards the lifting machine (1) and the upper part (6) of the guiding component (4) is supported by the lifting machine (1) at a point which is offset with respect to the vertical axis of the guiding component (4), so as to compensate for the tilting moment resulting from the offset of the winders and to keep the axis of the guiding component in a substantially vertical position. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative à un appareil d'excavation à benne preneuse permettant d'exécuter dans de bonnes conditions des tranchées de profondeur relativement importante au voisinage immédiat d'obstacles fixes préexistants.The present invention relates to a clamshell excavation device making it possible to execute under good conditions relatively deep trenches in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing fixed obstacles.

Il existe déjà des appareils d'excavation connus sous le nom de Kelly qui comportent une benne suspendue à une tige carrée qui s'engage dans une pièce de guidage de forme correspondante disposée par exemple à la partie haute du mât d'une grue.There are already excavation devices known under the name of Kelly which comprise a grab suspended from a square rod which engages in a guide part of corresponding shape arranged for example at the top of the mast of a crane.

Il est entendu que dans la présente description, on désigne sous le nom de tige carrée selon la terminologie habituelle dans cette technique une tige qui peut coulisser longitudinalement dans la pièce de guidage, les sections de la tige et de la pièce de guidage étant telles que la tige et la pièce de guidage sont solidaires en rotation autour de leur axe longitudinal.It is understood that in the present description, the term square rod is designated according to the usual terminology in this technique a rod which can slide longitudinally in the guide piece, the sections of the rod and of the guide piece being such that the rod and the guide part are integral in rotation about their longitudinal axis.

Ces appareils présentent l'avantage de conférer un bon guidage à la benne sur toute sa trajectoire, ce qui assure une bonne verticalité- du forage. D'autre part, le poids de la tige carrée alourdit la benne et accroît son efficacité notamment dans les terrains durs. Par ailleurs, ce système de guidage limite les oscillations de la benne lors des rotations que la grue effectue pour déplacer la benne alternativement au-dessus de la tranchée que l'on creuse et au-dessus de l'endroit où l'on évacue les déblais.These devices have the advantage of providing good guidance to the bucket over its entire trajectory, which ensures good verticality of the drilling. On the other hand, the weight of the square rod weighs down the bucket and increases its efficiency, especially in hard terrain. In addition, this guidance system limits the oscillations of the bucket during the rotations that the crane performs to move the bucket alternately over the trench that is dug and above the place where the cuttings.

Par contre, ces appareils présentent l'inconvénient de ne pouvoir creuser des excavations dont la profondeur est supérieure à la longueur de la tige carrée qui supporte la benne, ce qui limite leur utilisation même en disposant d'une grue avec un mât de longueur importante.By cons, these devices have the disadvantage of not being able to dig excavations whose depth is greater than the length of the square rod which supports the bucket, which limits their use even by having a crane with a mast of significant length .

Pour pallier ces inconvénients, il est également connu d'utiliser des appareils de ce type dans lesquels, la tige carrée qui est supportée par un câble peut se dégager de la pièce de guidage pour que la benne puisse travailler à des profondeurs supérieures à celles qui sont permises lorsque la tige carrée de la benne est engagée dans la pièce de guidage.To overcome these drawbacks, it is also known to use devices of this type in which the square rod which is supported by a cable can be released from the guide part so that the bucket can work at depths greater than those which are permitted when the square stem of the bucket is engaged in the guide piece.

Ces appareils présentent l'avantage de fonctionner jusqu'à une certaine profondeur comme un Kelly et de fonctionner à des profondeurs supérieures à la manière traditionnelle des bennes qui sont simplement supportées par des câbles.These devices have the advantage of operating up to a certain depth like a Kelly and of operating at depths greater than the traditional way of skips which are simply supported by cables.

Dans ces appareils de type Kelly, il est nécessaire pour assurer la commande hydraulique de la benne preneuse, de placer sur la pièce de guidage, des enrouleurs qui reçoivent les flexibles hydrauliques de commande de la benne lorsque celle-ci est ramenée en position haute.In these Kelly type devices, it is necessary to ensure the hydraulic control of the clamshell, to place on the workpiece guide, reels which receive the hydraulic hoses for controlling the bucket when the latter is brought up.

Or, ces enrouleurs qui présentent un diamètre relativement important sont particulièrement gênants lorsque l'on désire réaliser une excavation à proximité immédiate d'un obstacle tel que d'un bâtiment par exemple.However, these reels which have a relatively large diameter are particularly troublesome when it is desired to carry out an excavation in the immediate vicinity of an obstacle such as a building for example.

La présente invention a pour objet un appareil de ce type qui évite les inconvénients précités en permettant la réalisation d'excavations à proximité immédiate d'obstacles et ceci sans que le bon fonctionnement général de l'appareil s'en trouve perturbé.The subject of the present invention is an apparatus of this type which avoids the aforementioned drawbacks by allowing excavations to be made in the immediate vicinity of obstacles and this without disturbing the general good functioning of the apparatus.

La présente invention a pour objet un appareil d'excavation à benne preneuse permettant d'exécuter des tranchées au voisinage immédiat d'obstacles préexistants, du type dans lequel la benne est munie à sa partie supérieure d'une tige carrée qui s'engage dans une pièce de guidage de forme correspondante suspendue à la partie supérieure d'un engin de levage tout en pouvant pivoter autour d'un axe vertical, des enrouleurs destinés à recevoir les flexibles hydrauliques de commande de la benne étant assujettis sur la pièce de guidage, appareil caractérisé par le fait que les enrouleurs sont déportés latéralement en direction de l'engin de levage et que la partie supérieure de la pièce de guidage est supportée par l'engin de levage en un point déporté par rapport à l'axe de la benne et de la pièce de guidage, de manière à compenser le couple de basculement résultant du déport des enrouleurs et à maintenir l'axe de la pièce de guidage dans une position sensiblement verticale.The subject of the present invention is a clamshell excavation device making it possible to execute trenches in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing obstacles, of the type in which the grab is provided at its upper part with a square rod which engages in a guide piece of corresponding shape suspended from the upper part of a lifting device while being able to pivot about a vertical axis, reels intended to receive the hydraulic hoses for controlling the bucket being secured to the guide piece, device characterized in that the reels are offset laterally in the direction of the lifting device and that the upper part of the guide piece is supported by the lifting device at a point offset relative to the axis of the bucket and of the guide piece, so as to compensate for the tilting torque resulting from the offset of the reels and to maintain the axis of the guide piece in a sensitive position slightly vertical.

L'appareil selon l'invention évite l'inconvénient que, lorsque l'on déporte les enrouleurs du côté de la pièce de guidage opposé à l'obstacle le long duquel on désire réaliser l'excavation, on évite un basculement de la benne et de sa pièce de guidage en direction dudit obstacle.The apparatus according to the invention avoids the drawback that, when the reels are moved to the side of the guide piece opposite the obstacle along which it is desired to excavate, the bucket is tipped over and of its guide piece towards said obstacle.

Un tel basculement présente l'inconvénient de rendre plus difficile le positionnement de la benne. Par ailleurs, il rend plus aléatoire, et en tout cas plus difficile, l'engagement de l'extrémité de la tige carrée solidaire de la benne dans la pièce de guidage de forme correspondante, en raison de ce que la benne étant suspendue par un câble, ce dernier a une position verticale alors que la pièce de guidage se trouve inclinée en raison du couple de basculement que lui communiquent les enrouleurs. Il en résulte que l'extrémité supérieure de la tige carrée s'engage difficilement dans l'orifice inférieur de la pièce de guidage en provoquant des chocs indésirables ainsi qu'une usure prématurée du câble de levage de la benne.Such a tilting has the drawback of making it more difficult to position the bucket. Furthermore, it makes more random, and in any case more difficult, the engagement of the end of the square rod integral with the bucket in the guide part of corresponding shape, due to the fact that the bucket being suspended by a cable, the latter has a vertical position while the guide piece is inclined due to the tilting torque communicated to it by the reels. As a result, the upper end of the square rod Difficult to engage in the lower hole of the guide piece, causing unwanted impact and premature wear of the lifting cable of the bucket.

Grâce à l'invention, le couple de basculement qui a tendance à faire prendre une position inclinée à la pièce de guidage se trouve automatiquement compensé par le fait que la pièce de guidage est suspendue en un point déporté par rapport à son axe vertical, ce qui permet la création d'un couple de basculement inverse au précédent qui assure le maintien de la pièce de guidage en position verticale et qui élimine toutes difficultés lorsque l'extrémité supérieure de la tige carrée qui est solidaire de la benne doit s'engager dans la pièce de guidage.Thanks to the invention, the tilting torque which tends to cause the guide piece to take an inclined position is automatically compensated for by the fact that the guide piece is suspended at a point offset from its vertical axis, this which allows the creation of a reverse tilting torque to the previous one which ensures the maintenance of the guide piece in the vertical position and which eliminates all difficulties when the upper end of the square rod which is integral with the bucket must engage in the guide piece.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les enrouleurs sont montés sur la pièce de guidage de manière à permettre leur positionnement d'un côté ou de l'autre des côtés de la benne.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reels are mounted on the guide piece so as to allow their positioning on one side or the other of the sides of the bucket.

De cette manière, il est possible d'utiliser la benne dont la tige carrée est engagée dans la pièce de guidage en la faisant pivoter successivement de 180° autour de son axe vertical tout en déportant les enrouleurs en direction de l'engin de l'ouvrage.In this way, it is possible to use the bucket whose square rod is engaged in the guide piece by rotating it successively by 180 ° around its vertical axis while moving the reels towards the machine of the work.

Selon ce mode de réalisation, il est avantageux selon l'invention de placer un joint hydraulique tournant à la partie haute de la pièce de guidage de manière à éviter que l'existence des flexibles hydrauliques ne limite la possibilité de faire pivoter la benne dans l'un ou l'autre sens.According to this embodiment, it is advantageous according to the invention to place a rotating hydraulic seal at the top of the guide piece so as to prevent the existence of the hydraulic hoses from limiting the possibility of pivoting the bucket in the either way.

La compensation du couple de basculement provoqué par le déport des enrouleurs est dans les deux cas compensé par le fait que le point de suspension de la partie supérieure de la pièce de guidage est situé au dessus de son axe de pivotement vertical. Il en résulte que quelle que soit l'orientation de la benne, le couple de basculement provoqué par le point d'accrochage de la pièce de guidage sur l'engin de levage est tel que la pièce de guidage a tendance à basculer vers l'engin de levage, cette tendance étant compensée par le déport des enrouleurs en direction de l'engin de levage.The compensation of the tilting torque caused by the offset of the reels is in both cases compensated by the fact that the point of suspension of the upper part of the guide piece is located above its vertical pivot axis. As a result, whatever the orientation of the bucket, the tilting torque caused by the point of attachment of the guide piece to the lifting gear is such that the guide piece tends to tilt towards the lifting device, this tendency being offset by the offset of the reels towards the lifting device.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le mât de l'engin de levage qui supporte la pièce de guidage est relié par un axe d'articulation horizontal à la partie supérieure du dispositif de pivotement vertical qui est disposé à la partie supérieure de la pièce de guidage et un amortisseur, de préférence hydraulique, est articulé sur ces deux pièces de manière à freiner les mouvements pendulaires autour dudit axe d'articulation horizontal, ce qui améliore notablement le contrôle du positionnement de la benne et facilite la réalisation d'excavations au voisinage immédiat d'obstacles préexistants.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mast of the lifting device which supports the guide part is connected by a horizontal hinge pin to the upper part of the vertical pivoting device which is arranged in the upper part of the guide piece and a damper, preferably hydraulic, is articulated on these two pieces so as to brake the pendulum movements around said articulation axis horizontal, which notably improves the control of the positioning of the bucket and facilitates the realization of excavations in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing obstacles.

Dans un mode de réalisation plus perfectionné, il est prévu de placer une pièce entre l'engin de levage et la partie supérieure de la pièce de guidage et de créer un second axe d'articulation horizontal et de freiner également les mouvements pendulaires autour de cet axe à l'aide d'un second amortisseur, de préférence hydraulique. Cette variante facilite le repliement de la pièce de guidage de la tige carrée contre le mât de l'engin de levage, en particulier lors des déplacements d'un chantier à un autre.In a more sophisticated embodiment, it is planned to place a part between the lifting gear and the upper part of the guide part and to create a second horizontal articulation axis and also to brake the pendulum movements around this axle using a second damper, preferably hydraulic. This variant facilitates the folding of the guide part of the square rod against the mast of the lifting machine, in particular when moving from one site to another.

Dans le but de mieux faire comprendre l'invention, on va en décrire maintenant à titre d'illustration et sans aucun caractère limitatif un mode de réalisation pris comme exemple et représenté sur le dessin annexé.In order to better understand the invention, we will now describe by way of illustration and without any limiting character an embodiment taken as an example and shown in the accompanying drawing.

Sur ce dessin,

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un mode de réalisation d'un appareil d'excavation selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue à plus grande échelle de la partie supérieure de la pièce de guidage représentant les possibilités de basculement des enrouleurs, et
  • la figure 3 est une vue à encore plus grande échelle du dispositif par lequel la pièce de guidage est suspendue au mât de l'engin de levage.
On this drawing,
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of an embodiment of an excavation apparatus according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a view on a larger scale of the upper part of the guide piece showing the possibilities of tilting the reels, and
  • Figure 3 is an even larger scale view of the device by which the guide piece is suspended from the mast of the hoist.

On a schématiquement représenté sur la figure 1 l'engin de levage 1 monté sur des chenilles 2 qui, à la manière habituelle, peut pivoter autour d'un axe vertical. Le mât 3 de cet engin peut être basculé vers le bas ou vers le haut par des moyens conventionnels. Il supporte à sa partie supérieure une pièce de guidage 4 susceptible de recevoir à son intérieur la tige carrée non représentée qui est solidaire de la partie supérieure de la benne excavatrice 5.Schematically shown in Figure 1 the lifting device 1 mounted on tracks 2 which, in the usual way, can pivot about a vertical axis. The mast 3 of this machine can be tilted down or up by conventional means. It supports at its upper part a guide piece 4 capable of receiving inside it the square rod, not shown, which is integral with the upper part of the excavating bucket 5.

La pièce de guidage 4 peut pivoter autour d'un axe vertical par rapport à sa partie supérieure 6 à laquelle elle est réunie par un joint tournant hydraulique de manière à permettre le passage des fluides hydrauliques qui sont nécessaires à la commande de la benne, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la benne par rapport à l'engin de levage 1.The guide piece 4 can pivot about a vertical axis relative to its upper part 6 to which it is joined by a hydraulic rotating joint so as to allow the passage of the hydraulic fluids which are necessary for controlling the bucket, whatever that the angular position of the bucket relative to the lifting machine 1.

On voit également sur la figure 1 les enrouleurs 7 qui permettent de stocker les flexibles hydrauliques 8 lesdits flexibles se déroulant au fur et à mesure que la benne 5 s'enfonce dans la tranchée excavée 9.FIG. 1 also shows the reels 7 which make it possible to store the hydraulic hoses 8 said hoses taking place as and when the bucket 5 sinks into the excavated trench 9.

On retrouve sur la figure 2 la partie supérieure 6 qui supporte la pièce de guidage 4 par l'intermédiaire du joint tournant de manière à ce que la pièce de guidage et la benne qu'elle supporte puissent pivoter autour de son axe vertical 10 en étant positionnées en rotation par un moteur, par exemple hydraulique.We find in Figure 2 the upper part 6 which supports the guide piece 4 via the rotary joint so that the guide piece and the bucket it supports can pivot around its vertical axis 10 being positioned in rotation by a motor, for example hydraulic.

La partie supérieure 6 de la pièce de guidage 4 est supportée par l'extrémité supérieur du mât 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une pièce 11 articulée en 12 sur la partie 6 et en 13 sur le mât 3.The upper part 6 of the guide part 4 is supported by the upper end of the mast 3 by means of a part 11 articulated at 12 on the part 6 and at 13 on the mast 3.

On a schématiquement représenté dans le bas de la figure 2 comment les enrouleurs 7 qui sont généralement au nombre de deux, (à savoir un de chaque côté de la pièce de guidage,) sont montés de manière à pouvoir basculer vers la droite dans le sens de la flèche F1 ou vers la gauche dans le sens de la flèche F2 pour venir occuper l'une des deux positions représentées schématiquement sur la figure 2 par des arcs de cercle.Schematically shown at the bottom of Figure 2 how the reels 7 which are generally two in number (namely one on each side of the guide piece) are mounted so that they can tilt to the right in the direction arrow F1 or to the left in the direction of arrow F2 to come occupy one of the two positions shown schematically in Figure 2 by circular arcs.

Dans chacune de ces positions, l'encombrement des enrouleurs se situe uniquement d'un seul des côtés de la pièce de guidage 4.In each of these positions, the size of the reels is located only on one side of the guide piece 4.

Les enrouleurs peuvent être basculés à l'aide d'un dispositif quelconque, par exemple en étant montés sur des leviers pivotants commandés par des vérins hydrauliques.The reels can be tilted using any device, for example by being mounted on pivoting levers controlled by hydraulic cylinders.

Conformément à l'invention, lorsque l'on veut creuser une tranchée 9 au voisinage immédiat d'un obstacle tel qu'un bâtiment, l'on provoque le basculement des enrouleurs 7 dans le sens de la flèche F1 de manière à ce que les enrouleurs ne dépassent pas vers la gauche au-delà de l'encombrement propre à la pièce de guidage 4.According to the invention, when it is desired to dig a trench 9 in the immediate vicinity of an obstacle such as a building, the reels 7 are tilted in the direction of the arrow F1 so that the reels do not protrude to the left beyond the size of the guide piece 4.

Compte tenu du poids des enrouleurs et de leur position déportée, ces derniers ont tendance à faire basculer la pièce de guidage 4 vers la gauche surtout lorsque la benne 5 est en position basse et que, son tube carré est dégagé de la pièce de guidage, car dans ces circonstances le poids des enrouleurs 7 est important par rapport au poids de la pièce de guidage, ce qui provoque un basculement de cette dernière vers la gauche.Given the weight of the reels and their offset position, the latter tend to tilt the guide piece 4 to the left, especially when the bucket 5 is in the low position and its square tube is released from the guide piece, because in these circumstances the weight of the reels 7 is important relative to the weight of the guide piece, which causes the latter to tilt to the left.

Toutefois, conformément à l'invention, la partie supérieure 6 de la pièce de guidage 4 se trouve suspendue selon l'axe 12 qui, comme on le voit clairement sur la figure 2, est déportée vers la droite par rapport à l'axe vertical 10 de la pièce de guidage 4.However, according to the invention, the upper part 6 of the guide piece 4 is suspended along the axis 12 which, as can be clearly seen in Figure 2, is offset to the right relative to the vertical axis 10 of the guide piece 4.

Il en résulte que, conformément à l'invention, lorsque le déport entre le point d'articulation 12 et l'axe 10 de la pièce de guidage est correctement déterminé, l'axe 10 de la pièce de guidage reste dans une position verticale car le couple de renversement qui fait basculer la pièce de guidage vers la gauche et qui résulte du déport des enrouleurs dans le sens de la flèche F1 se trouve exactement compensé par le couple de basculement vers la droite qui résulte de ce que l'axe d'articulation 12 de la partie supérieure 6 de la pièce de guidage 4 sur le mât 3 se trouve déporté vers la droite par rapport à l'axe vertical 10 et crée en conséquence un couple de renversement de même valeur vers la droite.It follows that, according to the invention, when the offset between the articulation point 12 and the axis 10 of the guide piece is correctly determined, the axis 10 of the guide piece remains in a vertical position because the overturning torque which tilts the guide piece to the left and which results from the offset of the reels in the direction of the arrow F1 is exactly compensated by the tilting torque to the right which results from the fact that the hinge pin 12 of the upper part 6 of the guide piece 4 on the mast 3 is offset to the right with respect to the vertical axis 10 and consequently creates an overturning torque of the same value to the right.

On sait par ailleurs que par construction les deux godets d'une benne 5 ne sont généralement pas rigoureusement identiques, ce qui a pour effet de créer une disymétrie dans l'excavation de la tranchée 9. Pour lutter contre cette disymétrie il est avantageux de pouvoir faire pivoter à intervalles réguliers la benne 5 de 180° autour de son axe vertical.We also know that by construction the two buckets of a bucket 5 are generally not strictly identical, which has the effect of creating an asymmetry in the excavation of the trench 9. To combat this asymmetry it is advantageous to be able to rotate the bucket 5 at regular intervals 180 ° around its vertical axis.

Ces pivotements peuvent sans limitation être réalisés selon l'invention grâce au joint tournant qui assure néanmoins le passage des fluides hydrauliques.These pivotings can without limitation be made according to the invention thanks to the rotating joint which nevertheless ensures the passage of hydraulic fluids.

Bien entendu, lorsqu'à partir de la position qui a été décrite précédemment l'on fait pivoter la pièce de guidage 4 de 180° autour de son axe 10, il est nécessaire de basculer les enrouleurs en direction opposée, c'est-à-dire en direction de la flèche F2 (après retournement de 180°).Of course, when from the position which has been described above, the guide piece 4 is pivoted 180 ° around its axis 10, it is necessary to tilt the reels in the opposite direction, that is to say - say in the direction of arrow F2 (after turning 180 °).

En d'autres termes, conformément à l'invention, quelle que soit la position angulaire de la pièce de guidage résultant des pivotements de 180°, les enrouleurs 7 doivent être déportés en direction du mât 3 de l'engin de levage.In other words, in accordance with the invention, whatever the angular position of the guide piece resulting from the 180 ° pivoting, the reels 7 must be offset towards the mast 3 of the lifting device.

On a représenté à plus grande échelle sur la figure 3 le dispositif par lequel la partie supérieure 6 de la pièce de guidage est suspendue à l'extrémité du mât 3 de l'engin de levage.There is shown on a larger scale in Figure 3 the device by which the upper part 6 of the guide piece is suspended from the end of the mast 3 of the lifting device.

On voit clairement sur la figure 3 la pièce intermédiaire 11 qui est articulée, d'une part selon un axe horizontal 12 sur la partie supérieure de la pièce de guidage 4, et d'autre part selon un axe horizontal 13 à l'extrémité du mât 3.Clearly seen in Figure 3 the intermediate part 11 which is articulated, on the one hand along a horizontal axis 12 on the upper part of the guide piece 4, and on the other hand along a horizontal axis 13 at the end of the mast 3.

On voit également clairement sur la figure 3 le déport D qui correspond à la distance horizontale entre l'axe d'articulation 12 et l'axe de symétrie 10 de la pièce de guidage, ce déport D étant calculé en fonction du poids de la pièce de guidage et du couple de basculement qui- est conféré à cette pièce par le déport des enrouleurs tels que représentés sur la figure 2.We also clearly see in Figure 3 the offset D which corresponds to the horizontal distance between the hinge axis 12 and the axis of symmetry 10 of the guide piece, this offset D being calculated as a function of the weight of the piece guide and tilting torque which is given to this part by the offset of the reels as shown in FIG. 2.

On a également représenté sur la figure 3 comment selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention les débattements angulaires de la pièce intermédiaire 11 par rapport au mât 3 et à la partie supérieure 6 de la pièce de guidage 4 sont freinés par des amortisseurs 14 et 15.Also shown in Figure 3 how according to a preferred embodiment of the invention the angular deflections of the intermediate piece 11 relative to the mast 3 and the upper part 6 of the guide piece 4 are braked by dampers 14 and 15.

L'amortisseur 14 est articulé en 16 sur l'extrémité du mât 3 et en 17 sur la pièce intermédiaire 11 alors que l'amortisseur 15 est articulé en 18 sur la pièce intermédiaire 11 et en 19 sur la partie supérieure 6 de la pièce de guidage 4.The damper 14 is articulated at 16 on the end of the mast 3 and at 17 on the intermediate piece 11 while the damper 15 is articulated at 18 on the intermediate piece 11 and at 19 on the upper part 6 of the piece of guidance 4.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, les amortisseurs hydrauliques 14 et 15 sont des pistons dont les deux faces sont reliées par une canalisation contenant un fluide hydraulique dont le déplacement est limité par un orifice de dimensions appropriées.In the embodiment shown, the hydraulic dampers 14 and 15 are pistons, the two faces of which are connected by a pipe containing a hydraulic fluid, the displacement of which is limited by an orifice of appropriate dimensions.

On conçoit dans ces conditions que les pivotements autour des axes 12 et 13 sont libres mais que les vitesses de pivotement autour de ces axes sont limités par les amortisseurs 14 et 15 qui évitent en particulier un pivotement brusque de la pièce intermédiaire 11 lors de la remontée de la benne dans la pièce de guidage.It is therefore understandable that the pivoting around the axes 12 and 13 are free but that the pivoting speeds around these axes are limited by the dampers 14 and 15 which in particular avoid a sudden pivoting of the intermediate piece 11 during the ascent of the bucket in the guide piece.

Il est bien entendu que le mode de réalisation qui a été décrit ci-dessus ne présente aucun caractère limitatif et qu'il pourra recevoir toute modification désirable sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention.It is understood that the embodiment which has been described above has no limiting nature and that it can receive any desirable modification without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1 - Appareil d'excavation à benne preneuse permettant d'exécuter des tranchées au voisinage immédiat d'obstacles préexistants, du type dans lequel la benne est munie à sa partie supérieure d'une tige carrée qui s'engage dans une pièce de guidage de forme correspondante suspendue à la partie supérieure d'un engin de levage tout en pouvant pivoter autour d'un axe vertical, des enrouleurs destinés à recevoir les flexibles hydrauliques de commande de la benne étant assujettis sur la pièce de guidage, appareil caractérisé par le fait que les enrouleurs (7) sont déportés latéralement (F1) en direction de l'engin de levage (1) et que la partie supérieure (6) de la pièce de guidage (4) est supportée par l'engin de levage (1) en un point (12) déporté par rapport à l'axe vertical (10) de la pièce de guidage (4), de manière à compenser le couple de basculement résultant du déport des enrouleurs et à maintenir l'axe (10) de la pièce de guidage dans une position sensiblement verticale. 1 - Clamshell excavation device making it possible to execute trenches in the immediate vicinity of pre-existing obstacles, of the type in which the grab is provided at its upper part with a square rod which engages in a guide piece of corresponding shape suspended from the upper part of a lifting device while being able to pivot about a vertical axis, reels intended to receive the hydraulic hoses for controlling the bucket being secured to the guide piece, device characterized by the fact that the reels (7) are offset laterally (F1) in the direction of the lifting device (1) and that the upper part (6) of the guide piece (4) is supported by the lifting device (1) at a point (12) offset relative to the vertical axis (10) of the guide piece (4), so as to compensate for the tilting torque resulting from the offset of the reels and to maintain the axis (10) of the guide piece in a sen position so vertical. 2 - Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la pièce de guidage (4) peut être pivotée d'au moins 180° dans les deux sens autour de son axe (10) par rapport à l'engin de levage (1), la partie supérieure (6) de la pièce de guidage étant reliée à l'engin de levage (1) par un axe d'articulation horizontal (12) qui est déporté (D) par rapport à l'axe vertical (10) de la pièce de guidage (4). 2 - Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide piece (4) can be pivoted by at least 180 ° in both directions around its axis (10) relative to the lifting machine (1 ), the upper part (6) of the guide piece being connected to the lifting device (1) by a horizontal hinge pin (12) which is offset (D) relative to the vertical axis (10) of the guide piece (4). 3 - Appareil selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que la pièce de guidage (4) est suspendue à sa partie haute par l'intermédiaire d'un joint tournant hydraulique. 3 - Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide piece (4) is suspended in its upper part by means of a hydraulic rotating joint. 4 - Appareil selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'un amortisseur, de préférence hydraulique, freine les mouvements pendulaires de la pièce de guidage (4) autour de l'axe d'articulation horizontal par rapport à l'engin de levage (1). 4 - Apparatus according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that a damper, preferably hydraulic, brakes the pendulum movements of the guide piece (4) around the horizontal axis of articulation relative to the lifting machine (1). 5 - Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une pièce intermédiaire (11) entre l'engin de levage (1) et la partie supérieure (6) de la pièce de guidage (4) ainsi qu'un second axe d'articulation horizontal entre la partie supérieure de la pièce de guidage (6) et l'engin de levage (1). 5 - Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it comprises an intermediate piece (11) between the lifting device (1) and the upper part (6) of the guide piece ( 4) as well as a second horizontal articulation axis between the upper part of the guide piece (6) and the lifting machine (1). 6 - Appareil selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un second amortisseur (14) pour freiner les mouvements pendulaires autour dudit second axe d'articulation. 6 - Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a second damper (14) for braking the pendulum movements around said second axis of articulation.
EP92402531A 1991-09-16 1992-09-16 Pincer grab excavator Expired - Lifetime EP0533559B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9111372 1991-09-16
FR9111372A FR2681351B1 (en) 1991-09-16 1991-09-16 EXCAVATION APPARATUS WITH GRIPPING BUCKET.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0533559A1 true EP0533559A1 (en) 1993-03-24
EP0533559B1 EP0533559B1 (en) 1995-08-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92402531A Expired - Lifetime EP0533559B1 (en) 1991-09-16 1992-09-16 Pincer grab excavator

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0533559B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE126853T1 (en)
DE (2) DE69204245T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0533559T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2039343T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2681351B1 (en)
GR (1) GR930300067T1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2301084A (en) * 1995-05-25 1996-11-27 Robert Matthews Hose Connection for Boom Arrangements
FR2755709A1 (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-15 Sol Comp Du DRILLING DEVICE COMPRISING A DRILLING MACHINE
EP0872596A3 (en) * 1997-04-17 1999-03-31 SOILMEC S.p.A. Excavation equipment
US7685749B2 (en) 2007-01-26 2010-03-30 Bauer Maschinen Gmbh Soil stripping device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2982284B1 (en) 2011-11-04 2013-12-13 Soletanche Freyssinet EXCAVATION MACHINE COMPRISING A GUIDE TUBE FOR CHASSIS ROTATION

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1099134A (en) * 1965-06-01 1968-01-17 Soil Mechanics Soletanche Ltd Grab excavator and method of constructing a diaphragm wall using such an excavator
FR2250863A1 (en) * 1973-11-14 1975-06-06 Orenstein & Koppel Ag
DE2448881A1 (en) * 1974-10-14 1976-04-22 Casagrande & C S P A Flli Slit trench implement with gripper buckets - has depth guide cardanically suspended on pivotable boom and guided by bottom linkage
EP0016736A1 (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-10-01 CASAGRANDE &amp; C. SpA Improvements in telescopic column structures for excavating trenches, foundations and the like

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1099134A (en) * 1965-06-01 1968-01-17 Soil Mechanics Soletanche Ltd Grab excavator and method of constructing a diaphragm wall using such an excavator
FR2250863A1 (en) * 1973-11-14 1975-06-06 Orenstein & Koppel Ag
DE2448881A1 (en) * 1974-10-14 1976-04-22 Casagrande & C S P A Flli Slit trench implement with gripper buckets - has depth guide cardanically suspended on pivotable boom and guided by bottom linkage
EP0016736A1 (en) * 1979-02-21 1980-10-01 CASAGRANDE &amp; C. SpA Improvements in telescopic column structures for excavating trenches, foundations and the like

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2301084A (en) * 1995-05-25 1996-11-27 Robert Matthews Hose Connection for Boom Arrangements
FR2755709A1 (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-15 Sol Comp Du DRILLING DEVICE COMPRISING A DRILLING MACHINE
EP0843050A1 (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-05-20 Compagnie Du Sol Drilling installation comprising a drilling apparatus
EP0872596A3 (en) * 1997-04-17 1999-03-31 SOILMEC S.p.A. Excavation equipment
US7685749B2 (en) 2007-01-26 2010-03-30 Bauer Maschinen Gmbh Soil stripping device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2039343T1 (en) 1993-10-01
GR930300067T1 (en) 1993-07-30
DE69204245T2 (en) 1996-03-21
DE533559T1 (en) 1993-09-02
FR2681351A1 (en) 1993-03-19
DK0533559T3 (en) 1995-12-27
ATE126853T1 (en) 1995-09-15
ES2039343T3 (en) 1995-12-16
DE69204245D1 (en) 1995-09-28
FR2681351B1 (en) 1993-11-12
EP0533559B1 (en) 1995-08-23

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