EP0532741B1 - Procede et appareil de formage a deux toiles ameliore - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de formage a deux toiles ameliore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0532741B1
EP0532741B1 EP92910305A EP92910305A EP0532741B1 EP 0532741 B1 EP0532741 B1 EP 0532741B1 EP 92910305 A EP92910305 A EP 92910305A EP 92910305 A EP92910305 A EP 92910305A EP 0532741 B1 EP0532741 B1 EP 0532741B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming
jet
stock
breast roll
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92910305A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0532741A1 (fr
Inventor
Richard J. Krall
Richard W. Schaftlein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Original Assignee
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Scott Paper Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc, Scott Paper Co filed Critical Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Publication of EP0532741A1 publication Critical patent/EP0532741A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0532741B1 publication Critical patent/EP0532741B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F9/003—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the twin-wire type
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to paper machines and, more particularly, to twin wire forming for the production of a web.
  • twin wire formers A variety of what may be characterized as twin wire formers are known in the prior art.
  • One such twin wire former is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,209,360 to Stenberg, et al. Stenberg teaches an apparatus having a head box arranged to inject a jet of stock into a forming throat between inner and outer forming wires.
  • the forming throat may be roughly as the area or gap between a forming roll and a breast roll and extending to include the area between such inner and outer wires supported thereon.
  • This arrangement of a head box which injects stock into the gap between a forming roll and a breast roll is typical of many twin wire formers.
  • Also typical of such twin wire formers is the fact that the breast roll is a solid or smooth roll whereas the forming roll may be an open roll allowing for drainage or a solid roll.
  • FR-A-2041192 discloses a device for forming a fibrous web which includes a pair of porous forming webs which move longitudinally at the velocity of the pulp jet and pass over guides. One of the forming webs is supported on a rotating member.
  • EP-A-0488058 discloses a twin-wire former of a paper machine the twin-wire former comprises forming wires operating one against the other, which forming wires define a wedge-shaped narrowing forming gap between them.
  • the forming-gap arrangement comprises two opposite support members, whose inner sides have been arranged as direct extensions of the inner sides of the lip walls of the headbox that define the discharge duct.
  • the support members have been arranged to extend into the forming gap as parallel to one another so that the free ends of the support members are placed at direct proximity of, or in contact with, the forming wires.
  • US-A-3244928 discloses a papermaking machine including a first endless paper web forming fabric having interstices therethrough for draining paper stock deposited thereon, means for moving and supporting said fabric and including a member having a curved surface about which the fabric extends, a second endless fabric, said second fabric comprising a multitude of randomly oriented interlocked matted fibres so that said second fabric has no discernible interstices therethrough and is substantially compressible to absorb and release substantial amounts of water, means for moving and supporting said second fabric and including an element about which said second fabric moves having a curved surface approaching and in proximity to said first named curved surface, means for depositing paper stock on said first fabric and including a paper stock inlet arranged to direct the stock between said curved surfaces of said element and member and thereby between said two fabrics whereby the stock drains through said first fabric to form a web thereon which subsequently follows said second fabric.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus which allows for the narrowing of the gap between the breast roll and the forming roll in a twin wire former while still avoiding the occurrence of jet pumping.
  • a method of producing a web from a jet of stock injected into a forming throat between inner and outer tensioned forming wires run around a peripheral segment of a forming cylinder comprising:
  • an apparatus for forming a web comprising a rotatable forming cylinder, inner and outer endless forming wires, means for supporting said inner and outer endless forming wires so that they converge to form a forming throat and thereafter run together over a segment of the surface of the forming cylinder and headbox means for injecting a jet of stock into the forming throat between said wires, an open support structure being provided for the outer forming wire over at least a portion of said forming throat, said open support structure being in the form of an open breast roll having a plurality of circumferential grooves thereabout; (b) a gap between said open breast roll and the forming cylinder, said gap being no greater than the thickness of said jet of stock such that said jet of stock impinges substantially simultaneously on said forming cylinder and said open breast roll, thereby creating an initial drainage area wherein drainage pressure is not dependent upon the tension of the outer forming wire and the radius of the path of the outer forming wire.
  • a grooved breast roll which forms the open support structure, and the forming roll can be narrowed such that the jet of stock delivered from the head box is impinged upon both the forming roll and the open support structure.
  • This arrangement allows for immediate drainage of the web through the outer wire of the twin wire former while avoiding the undesirable jet pumping. This results in an extended forming throat despite the fact that the gap between the forming roll and the breast roll is narrowed.
  • an extended drainage area through the outer wire is achieved over that of the typical prior art twin wire former.
  • the jet of stock is contained between the supported inner and outer wires.
  • the position radius and tension of the outer wire are held substantially constant and uniform. This situation results in the reduction of variation in the drainage process yielding greater sheet uniformity.
  • Figure 1 is a basic schematic of a typical prior art forming roll-breast roll arrangement for a twin wire former.
  • Figure 2 is a basic schematic of the forming roll/open breast roll arrangement of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partial section of one open breast roll showing the contoured surface thereof.
  • Figure 4 is a partial section of another open breast roll showing an alternate pattern for the contouring of the surface thereof.
  • Figure 5 is a side view schematic showing the cross-sectional area of the forming throat of a typical, prior art, twin wire former.
  • Figure 6 is a side-view schematic showing the cross-sectional area of the forming throat achieved with the first above-stated embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a basic schematic of the relative location of the forming cylinder 10 and a solid breast roll 12 of a typical prior art twin wire former.
  • the twin wire former includes head box 14, inner wire 16 and outer wire 18.
  • Head box 14 delivers a jet of stock 20 having a set thickness T into the forming throat 22 between inner wire 16 and outer wire 18.
  • Forming cylinder 10 may be a suction-type open roll or solid.
  • the gap between forming cylinder 10 and solid breast roll 12 must be wide enough to assure that no part of the jet of stock 20 will impinge upon solid breast roll 12. Thus, where the jet of stock 20 strikes the outer wire 18, outer wire 18 is unsupported and jet of stock 20 strikes at a rather shallow angle.
  • FIG. 1 The operation of the twin wire former depicted in Figure 1 is similar to the operation of the twin wire formers described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,209,360; 4,100,018; 3,876,498; and 3,056,719 which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
  • Figure 2 a basic schematic of the forming cylinder/breast roll arrangement of the present invention for use with an otherwise typical twin wire former.
  • the forming cylinder 30 may be a suction-type roll or a solid roll.
  • the breast roll 32 is open or grilled such that there are a plurality of annular grooves 34 thereabout.
  • the open breast roll 32 may or may not have a cover sleeve mesh depending upon the design of the outer wire and the particular product application.
  • Head box 40 delivers a jet of stock 42 having a thickness T into the forming throat 44 between the inner wire 36 and the outer wire 38.
  • the forming throat 44 is the area defined by the combination of arcs and segments interconnecting point A where the jet of stock 20, 42 impinges upon the inner forming wire 16, 36, the point B where the jet of stock 20 impinges upon the outer forming wire 18, 38, and the point C where the inner and outer forming wires converge. (See Figures 7 and 8).
  • the shaded area in Figure 7 illustrates representative forming throat 22 of a typical prior art twin wire former while the shaded area in Figure 8 shows the forming throat 44 of the embodiment of the present invention depicted in Figure 2.
  • impingement upon breast roll 32 should preferably be approximately one-third (1/3) of the thickness T of the jet of stock 42.
  • the present invention as depicted in Figure 2 hereof describes a method and apparatus to stabilize and reduce the cross direction variation and time variation in the drainage process thereby yielding significant improvements in the uniformity of the sheet.
  • the jet of stock 42 is directed so that it contacts or impinges on the outer fabric 38 when the outer fabric 38 is backed by an open, supporting surface 32.
  • the free span of the outer fabric 44 does not bear the entire force of the jet of stock 42.
  • This is accomplished by providing an open, stiff surface such as a breast roll 32 having annular grooves 34 thereabout. Grooves 34 may be V-shaped, squared, spiraled, etc.
  • the operation of open breast roll 32 may benefit from a cover mesh (not shown) similar to the typical cover mesh sleeves used on open drainage rolls.
  • the width of peaks or tips 35 should generally be as small as possible to avoid sheet disturbances.
  • the peak 35 structure which supports outer wire 18 should be as fine as is practical yielding a high percentage of open area at the outside surface of the breast roll thereby minimizing drainage marking and resistance.
  • the width of tips 35 could be as small as 0.25mm.
  • the width of tips 35 would be in the range of 0.75mm to 1.25mm but could range as high as 2.0mm.
  • the void volume of annular grooves 34 should be great enough to drain a substantial portion of the total jet thickness while leaving an unfilled air space at the bottom of each groove so as to prevent jet pumping. It is believed that further benefit might be achieved if the void volume is large enough to drain the entire jet of stock. It is also believed that if a cover mesh sleeve is used, it will be particularly beneficial to select a mesh with adequate cross-direction stiffness to span from peak 35 to peak 35 without deflecting under the force exerted by jet of stock 42.
  • contour of the support structure 32 can be opened by means of a grill work, honeycomb, fabric mesh, drilled holes or the like.
  • open shall be defined, when used in conjunction with “breast roll” or “support structure”, as a contoured, channel forming surface or other similar or equivalent surface draining structure as mentioned above.
  • Solid breast roll is intended to refer to a substantially cylindrical roll having no surface contour, channelling, grill work or openings.
  • a preferred method of construction of open breast roll 32 is to machine annular grooves 34 into a rubber covered roll. It is believed that synthetic rubbers having a P & J hardness in the range of from about 5 to about 15 would be preferable. A P & J hardness of about 10 is believed to be the most preferable.
  • grooves 34 may be machined into a thick walled, metal shell or the void structure may be created by other means well known by those skilled in the art.
  • the minimum operating gap is constrained by the situation known as jet "pumping" or a vacuum pulse if the jet of stock touches the surface of a solid or flat breast roll.
  • the jet of stock 20 is diverted around the solid or flat breast roll.
  • the jet of stock 20 reaches the free span of the outer wire, it is pushing that free span away from the forming roll 10 and toward the breast roll 12. This action leads to variations in tension of the outer wire 18 as well as variations in the radius of the outer wire 18.
  • the gap between the forming roll 10 and a solid or flat design breast roll 12 in a typical prior art twin wire former is limited to the relative thickness of the jet of stock 20 plus some margin to allow for an air gap clearance between the jet of stock 20 and breast roll 12.
  • the gap may be even wider to accomodate possible jet expansion.
  • the gap can be narrowed when forming roll 10 is an open roll such that some of the jet of stock 20 is drained through inner wire 16.
  • the presence of the grooves 34 allows the minimum dimension of the gap to be reduced without incidents of jet pumping. In fact, tests show that uniformity of the sheet is greatly improved using a grooved breast roll 32 ( Figure 2) when the gap dimension is significantly less than the thickness of the jet of stock 42.
  • drainage pressure can be expressed as the ratio of the tension of the outer wire divided by the radius of the outer wire. Increases in the uniformity of this ratio across the width of the machine promote a reduced basis weight profile for the web formed. Since fabric corrugation represents areas of non-uniform ratio, it is believed that reduction in corrugations is consistent with improved basis weight profile.
  • Additional enhancements in the operation of the present invention may be accomplished through a closer coupling of head box 40 such that the head box exit resides in closer proximity to forming throat 44. Such a modification results in drainage beginning earlier relative to the point when the jet of stock 42 exits head box 40.
  • GSM GSM
  • B.W. B.W. Pk-Pk A SOLID 49mm 2.46 27.7 ⁇ 4.4% 0.70
  • the Average Range data presented in Table 1 represents the web high basis weight minus the web low basis weight for a particular run expressed in grams per square meter.
  • Average B.W. shown in Table 1 is the average basis weight determined for each test run expressed in grams per square meter.
  • B.W. Pk-Pk is the peak-to-peak variation of basis weight for each run expressed as a percentage.
  • the average range of 2.46 grams per square meter is approximately 8.8 percent of the average basis weight (27.7 GSM). Therefore, the basis weight peak-to-peak variation is plus or minus 4.4%.
  • the extreme right column of Table 1 (B.W. CD ⁇ sigma) represents the standard deviation of basis weight in the cross direction of the machine.
  • Test run A serves as a control run for the grooved breast roll evaluation.
  • the standard solid breast roll was used with a gap of 49 millimeters between the solid breast roll and the forming roll. This was the nominal minimum gap without giving rise to occurrences of jet pumping.
  • the average range for 12 scans of data collected in accordance with the above identified TAPPI procedure was 2.46 grams per square meter yielding a basis weight peak-to-peak variation of plus or minus 4.4%.
  • Test run B utilized a grooved breast roll with a narrowed gap of 32 millimeters between the grooved breast roll and the forming roll. This configuration resulted in a basis weight average range variation of 1.35 GSM yielding a basis weight peak to peak variation of plus or minus 2.5%.
  • the use of the grooved breast roll yielded a basis weight C.O.V. of 0.49% (based on a positional standard deviation of 0.14 GSM and an average basis weight of 28.47 GSM (test run G).
  • the solid breast roll test yielded a C.O.V. of 2.2% based on a positional standard deviation of 0.66 GSM and an average basis weight of 29.81 GSM.
  • the decrease in basis weight variation profile is also reflected in post dryer moisture scans recorded on the high speed pilot plant paper machine.
  • the moisture scans corresponding to test runs D, F and G show that the decreased weight profile from run G also resulted in decreased post dryer moisture variation for run G when compared to runs D and F. It has been estimated, through extrapolation of mill data, that for a 29 GSM sheet made at 70% post through dryer dryness, a 1.0% reduction in weight profile will cause a reduction in the peak-to-peak dryness variation of 0.6%.
  • the grooved breast roll design of the present invention allows the gap between the breast roll and the forming roll to be reduced below that which is possible with a solid breast roll without fear of causing jet pumping. It is believed that the increased level of fabric support and the quicker overall drainage obtained with the grooved breast roll gives rise to the demonstrated improvement in weight profile and in strata coverage efficiency of the outer wire strata.
  • the data set forth in Table 1 demonstrates that as the gap was decreased from 49mm to 32mm, sheet uniformity was improved. It is believed that the gap can be narrowed to well less than 32mm so long as the void volume of breast roll 32 is great enough such that it can accommodate the water drained through outer wire 38 without becoming filled thereby eliminating any air gap between the water drained through the outer wire 38 and the bottom of the breast roll void volume.

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  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Ticket-Dispensing Machines (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de production d'une bande à partir d'un jet de pâte à papier (42) injecté dans une gorge de formation (44) entre des toiles métalliques de formation tendues interne et externe (36,38) passées autour d'un segment périphérique d'un cylindre égoutteur (30), comprenant:
    (a) l'injection du jet de pâte à papier (42) sensiblement simultanément sur les deux toiles métalliques de formation interne et externe (36,38) dans la gorge de formation (44);
    (b) la création d'une zone de drainage initiale en fournissant une structure de support ouverte pour la toile métallique de formation externe (38) sur au moins une partie de ladite gorge de formation (44), cette structure de support ouverte comprenant un rouleau de tête ouvert (32) ayant une pluralité de rainures circonférentielles (34) autour de lui, et l'injection initiale sur la toile métallique de formation externe (38) se produisant là où la toile métallique de formation externe (38) butte contre et est supportée par le rouleau de tête ouvert (32) permettant ainsi un drainage immédiat et rapide à travers ladite toile métallique de formation externe supportée (38).
  2. Procédé tel que revendiqué à la revendication 1, comprenant en outre:
       le positionnement dudit rouleau de tête ouvert (32) de telle sorte qu'il existe un écart entre ledit rouleau de tête ouvert (32) et le cylindre égoutteur (30), ledit écart n'étant pas supérieur à l'épaisseur (T) du jet de pâte à papier.
  3. Procédé tel que revendiqué à la revendication 2, dans lequel:
       ledit écart est approximativement les deux-tiers de l'épaisseur (T) dudit jet de pâte à papier.
  4. Procédé tel que revendiqué à la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel:
       ledit rouleau de tête ouvert (32) est mobile par rapport au cylindre égoutteur (30) de telle sorte que l'angle entre les toiles métalliques de formation interne et externe (36,38) dans la gorge de formation (44) et la dimension dudit écart peuvent être variés.
  5. Procédé tel que revendiqué dans l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel:
       approximativement un tiers (1/3) de l'épaisseur (T) dudit jet de pâte à papier est injecté sur ledit rouleau de tête ouvert (32).
  6. Appareil pour former une bande, ledit appareil comprenant un cylindre égoutteur rotatif (30), des toiles métalliques de formation continues interne et externe (36,38), un moyen pour supporter lesdites toiles métalliques de formation continues interne et externe (36,38) de telle sorte qu'elles convergent pour former une gorge de formation (44) puis passent après ensemble sur un segment de la surface du cylindre égoutteur (30) et un moyen de caisse de tête (40) pour injecter un jet (42) de pâte à papier dans la gorge de formation (44) entre lesdites toiles métalliques (36,38), une structure de support ouverte étant foumie pour la toile métallique de formation externe (38) par dessus au moins une partie de ladite gorge de formation, ladite structure de support ouverte ayant la forme d'un rouleau de tête ouvert (32) ayant une pluralité de rainures circonférentielles (34) autour de lui;
       un écart entre ledit rouleau de tête ouvert (32) et le cylindre égoutteur (30), ledit écart n'étant pas supérieur à l'épaisseur (T) dudit jet de pâte à papier de telle sorte que ledit jet de pâte à papier est injecté sensiblement simultanément sur ledit cylindre égoutteur (30) et ledit rouleau de tête ouvert (32), créant ainsi une zone de drainage initiale dans laquelle la pression de drainage ne dépend pas de la tension de la toile métallique de formation externe (38) et du rayon du trajet de la toile métallique de formation externe (38).
  7. Appareil tel que revendiqué à la revendication 6, dans lequel:
       approximativement un tiers (1/3) de l'épaisseur dudit jet de pâte à papier est injecté sur ladite structure de support ouverte.
  8. Appareil tel que revendiqué à la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel:
       ledit écart est approximativement les deux-tiers de l'épaisseur dudit jet de pâte à papier.
  9. Procédé tel que revendiqué dans l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, dans lequel:
       ledit rouleau de tête ouvert (32) est mobile par rapport au cylindre égoutteur (30) de telle sorte que l'angle entre les toiles métalliques de formation interne et externe (36,38) dans la gorge de formation (44) et la dimension dudit écart peuvent être variés.
EP92910305A 1991-04-08 1992-03-03 Procede et appareil de formage a deux toiles ameliore Expired - Lifetime EP0532741B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US68250591A 1991-04-08 1991-04-08
US682505 1991-04-08
PCT/US1992/001817 WO1992017644A1 (fr) 1991-04-08 1992-03-03 Procede et appareil de formage a deux toiles ameliore

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0532741A1 EP0532741A1 (fr) 1993-03-24
EP0532741B1 true EP0532741B1 (fr) 1997-06-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92910305A Expired - Lifetime EP0532741B1 (fr) 1991-04-08 1992-03-03 Procede et appareil de formage a deux toiles ameliore

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0532741B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05508200A (fr)
KR (1) KR100209968B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE154082T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU656190B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2079227A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69220160T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2101845T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI925537A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992017644A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19941676A1 (de) * 1999-09-01 2001-03-08 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung eines Stoff-Wasser-Gemisches

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3224928A (en) * 1961-12-21 1965-12-21 Kimberly Clark Co Papermaking machine using a moving felt through a pressure forming slice and the same felt throughout the machine
US3582467A (en) * 1968-06-25 1971-06-01 Beloit Corp Two wire former
US3951736A (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-04-20 Tadashi Kobayashi Single-layer and multi-layer paper making apparatus
DE2754622C3 (de) * 1977-12-08 1981-08-06 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Naßpartie einer Papiermaschine
FI905896A (fi) * 1990-11-29 1992-05-30 Valmet Paper Machinery Inc Formningsgapsarrangemang i en dubbelviraformare av en pappersmaskin.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05508200A (ja) 1993-11-18
DE69220160T2 (de) 1997-09-18
EP0532741A1 (fr) 1993-03-24
FI925537A (fi) 1992-12-04
ES2101845T3 (es) 1997-07-16
AU1752092A (en) 1992-11-02
WO1992017644A1 (fr) 1992-10-15
KR930700286A (ko) 1993-03-13
ATE154082T1 (de) 1997-06-15
CA2079227A1 (fr) 1992-10-09
AU656190B2 (en) 1995-01-27
DE69220160D1 (de) 1997-07-10
FI925537A0 (fi) 1992-12-04
KR100209968B1 (ko) 1999-07-15

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