EP0531358B1 - Process and device for sterile bottling of beverages - Google Patents

Process and device for sterile bottling of beverages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0531358B1
EP0531358B1 EP91909814A EP91909814A EP0531358B1 EP 0531358 B1 EP0531358 B1 EP 0531358B1 EP 91909814 A EP91909814 A EP 91909814A EP 91909814 A EP91909814 A EP 91909814A EP 0531358 B1 EP0531358 B1 EP 0531358B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bottle
supply pipe
stage
steam
filling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91909814A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0531358A1 (en
Inventor
Hermann Kronseder
Wilhelm Weiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
Original Assignee
Krones AG
Krones AG Hermann Kronseder Maschinenfabrik
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Application filed by Krones AG, Krones AG Hermann Kronseder Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Krones AG
Publication of EP0531358A1 publication Critical patent/EP0531358A1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22Details
    • B67C3/28Flow-control devices, e.g. using valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/06Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus using counterpressure, i.e. filling while the container is under pressure
    • B67C3/10Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus using counterpressure, i.e. filling while the container is under pressure preliminary filling with inert gases, e.g. carbon dioxide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/06Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus using counterpressure, i.e. filling while the container is under pressure
    • B67C3/12Pressure-control devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22Details
    • B67C3/26Filling-heads; Means for engaging filling-heads with bottle necks
    • B67C3/2642Filling-heads; Means for engaging filling-heads with bottle necks specially adapted for sterilising prior to filling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C7/00Concurrent cleaning, filling, and closing of bottles; Processes or devices for at least two of these operations
    • B67C7/0073Sterilising, aseptic filling and closing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22Details
    • B67C3/26Filling-heads; Means for engaging filling-heads with bottle necks
    • B67C2003/2651The liquid valve being carried by the vent tube
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22Details
    • B67C3/26Filling-heads; Means for engaging filling-heads with bottle necks
    • B67C2003/2685Details of probes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the sterile filling of beverage liquids in bottles or the like.
  • the invention further relates to a device with which such a method can be carried out.
  • a disadvantage of this method is the great effort required for the sterilization phase (additional bell), but it is also disadvantageous that large relative displacements between the metering element and the bottle have to take place due to the long steam supply pipe, which in turn has to do with the corresponding device effort and additional process time when lifting and lowering is connected.
  • the long tube also has a comparatively high heat storage capacity, so that after a filling cycle has taken place, the filling tube cooled by the filled liquid has to be re-heated, as a result of which a lot of undesirable condensate is produced.
  • the invention intends to propose a method and a device with which a simple and effective, sterile bottle filling which is sufficient for a large area of application is possible.
  • the method steps specified in claim 1 are provided.
  • the bottle is first moved from below to the filling element in a positioning phase, this movement taking place at least to the extent that the mouth of a short steam supply tube provided on the filling element comes to rest in the mouth area within the bottle head.
  • steam is then introduced into the bottle through the steam supply pipe, whereby the fact that the mouth of the steam supply pipe lies within the bottle head means that the steam is directly directed into the bottle and thus flows downwards into a relatively sharp and bundled steel can and can therefore reach all areas of the bottle, including the bottle bottom and the corner areas between the floor and walls.
  • the steam supply can be maintained until a certain pressure inside the bottle is reached.
  • the bottle is prestressed with an inert tensioning gas, as is known per se, a counterpressure being generated in the bottle which, for example, automatically opens the liquid valve in the filling element when a certain value is reached.
  • the beverage liquid is then poured into the bottle while flowing around the outer jacket of the steam feed pipe in the filling phase.
  • Flow around the outer jacket means that the liquid is therefore not supplied inside the steam feed pipe, but rather in the area between the inner wall of the bottle and the outer jacket of the steam feed pipe.
  • the flow around the outer jacket can take place in direct or indirect contact with the outer jacket. Because the liquid to be filled is poured into the bottle while flowing around the outer jacket, the steam supply pipe, which is still hot due to the preceding sterilization phase, can heat the liquid to be filled somewhat or directly over a relatively large area, namely the peripheral surface of the steam supply pipe.
  • This heating means that the liquid does not occur cold against the inner wall of the bottle, which has been heated due to the previous sterilization phase, but instead a certain reduction in the temperature difference takes place, which greatly reduces the risk of the bottle breaking due to possible large temperature differences.
  • the tensioning gas is displaced and discharged as return gas through the steam feed pipe. After the desired filling level has been reached, the bottle is then pulled off from the filling element in a manner known per se.
  • the bottle is only raised to just below the filling element without pressing against the filling element in the positioning phase and the sterilization phase is then carried out in this position.
  • care is taken that the mouth of the steam supply pipe is already in the bottle neck when the lifting movement of the bottle is stopped.
  • the steam can then flow through the bottle and emerges from the bottle into the open between the steam feed pipe and the bottle neck, so that the top of the bottle, and in particular the area in which the bottle cap is applied later, is then sterilized outside the bottle. Mouth sterilization therefore takes place from the outside.
  • the bottle can be pressed tightly against the filling element while simultaneously supplying steam.
  • this mouth sterilization can also be followed by a pre-rinsing phase in which inert clamping gas is again introduced into the bottle, which then has the purpose of flushing out the hot steam from the bottle. If, during this flushing phase, after the hot steam has been expelled, the bottle is raised further until it lies sealingly against the filling element, one can proceed directly from this flushing phase to the pretensioning phase, in which the counterpressure in the bottle is then generated for the subsequent opening of the filling valve.
  • Another variant provides that the bottle is pressed against a seal of the filling element already in the positioning phase. A pre-evacuation of the bottle can then take place between the positioning phase carried out and the sterilization phase.
  • the steam supply pipe is preferably also used again by connecting it to a vacuum line. After this first pre-evacuation, the sterilization phase can then take place, while an evacuation phase can then follow in order to remove steam.
  • Another variant of the method provides that after the sterilization phase a pre-rinsing phase is carried out with tension gas introduced through the steam supply pipe and that during the pre-rinsing phase the steam and the condensate are blown out through a relief line which is open towards the bottle mouth in this pre-rinsing phase.
  • the bottle is also pressed against a seal of the filling element, but the contact pressure only needs to be such that the bottle sits close to the filling element.
  • the tension gas introduced can push the steam and in particular the condensate collecting in the bottom of the bottle in the sterilization phase upwards, this hot steam then not entering the bottle Free is released, where it could possibly affect adjacent bottles, but is fed to a relief line, and can then be released at a suitable point.
  • the relief line can be closed so that the gas initially introduced as the purge gas no longer escapes and then the pre-purge phase follows.
  • the relief line is closed by a lifting movement of the bottle. This can be done in that the bottle is then raised further after the end of the pre-rinsing phase, the opening of the relief line being closed automatically by a suitable design of the centering bell.
  • the liquid in the filling phase the liquid is directed towards the inner wall of the bottle head by a deflecting body located above the bottle mouth.
  • This deflecting body has the task of directing the liquid directly in the mouth region of the bottle to the inside wall of the bottle, where it is then taken up and flows downward into the bottle along the inside wall of the bottle under the adhesive effect. This results in a uniform cooling of the bottle from top to bottom during the filling process, starting in the particularly thick-walled head area of the bottle, so that there are no temperature shocks and thus bottle breakage.
  • a filling machine for performing the method according to claim 1 is specified in claim 14.
  • a filling machine with a filling element in which the steam feed pipe not only penetrates the liquid valve, but also an overlying, product-liquid-laden space, with the result that also in the sterilization phase Superheated steam, the steam passed through the steam supply pipe, can give off heat to the liquid valve on the one hand and the product present in this area, so that the product is preheated somewhat, with the result described above that the temperature differences are less when striking the bottle wall.
  • the steam supply pipe not only serves for supplying superheated steam, but also as a supply pipe for the tensioning gas and for the vacuum.
  • a filling element for a filling machine in which a gas pipe ending in the neck of a pressed bottle passes through the liquid valve and a space which is exposed to liquid when the liquid valve is closed.
  • a gas line is connected to the gas pipe above the liquid valve, but there is no steam supply line, so that steam sterilization of a pressed bottle cannot be carried out with this filling element.
  • the supply line for the inert tensioning gas, the supply line for vacuum and the supply line for steam open into a common connecting line, which in turn opens into the steam supply pipe.
  • the steam supply pipe can also be used to relax the filled bottle to atmospheric pressure.
  • the seal against which the bottle is pressed against the centering bell is advantageously part of a vertically movable centering bell, which in one embodiment forms a chamber above the bottle mouth in a first position.
  • a chamber is created around the mouth area in the centering bell, which enables the superheated steam from the bottle in the pre-rinsing phase into the chamber and through the chamber into a discharge line opening there to blow.
  • parts of the centering bell can, with appropriate training, close the mouth opening of the relief line, so that the required counterpressure can then build up in the bottle in the pretensioning phase as desired.
  • the steam feed pipe has also proven to be very advantageous to design the steam feed pipe as an annular nozzle at least in the mouth area towards the bottle. This can happen, for example, by arranging a probe inside the steam feed pipe, which serves to detect the fill level. In the sterilization phase, this probe has a flow-guiding effect on the steam flow, which leads to a correspondingly concentrated steam jet which is directed towards the bottom of the bottle and can then spread upwards along the walls of the bottle from there.
  • a filling element is shown schematically and designated 1.
  • This filling element is located in a back pressure filling machine, not shown, the basic structure of which is known and need not be explained further here.
  • the filling element 1 is assigned various valves 2, 3, 4 and 5 accommodated in a valve block.
  • the valve 2 serves as a steam valve and is connected on the inlet side to a steam supply line 6.
  • the valve 3 is used for pre-evacuation and is connected on the input side to an evacuated line 7.
  • the valve 4 serves as an inert gas valve and is connected on the inlet side to the inert gas line 8 for this purpose.
  • valve 5 serves as a return gas valve for discharging return gas via return gas line 9. All valves 2 to 5 are connected on the output side to a common line 10, which in turn is connected via a connecting line 11 to the upper end of a steam supply pipe 12.
  • This steam supply pipe passes through the valve body 13 of the actual liquid valve 14.
  • Above the liquid valve 14 there is a product collecting space 15, into which the product line 16 opens.
  • the drive 23 for the filling element is accommodated, which enables the liquid valve 14 to be opened or closed again at the appropriate time.
  • the steam supply pipe 12 ends in the area of the bottle neck with its mouth 19 below the bottle mouth 20.
  • a probe 21 is also housed in the steam feed pipe, which serves as a fill level detector probe and signals the end of the filling process when the probe comes into contact with liquid during the filling process.
  • the mouth opening 19 can advantageously end above the intended fill level, so that no liquid penetrates into the interior of the steam feed pipe.
  • the valves 2 to 5 are opened or closed electrically or mechanically, depending on the desired process sequence.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in various variants or exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 (as in FIG. 3), the individual positions of the various valves in the individual phases of the filling process are shown in succession.
  • the open valves are in the left column of each box.
  • valve 3 is the pre-evacuation valve
  • valve 4 is the inert gas valve
  • valve 5 is the return gas valve.
  • the actual filling valve is designated by 14.
  • a bottle in the positioning phase is brought into position against the filling element 1 by lifting the lifting plate 22 on which the bottle stands so that the upper edge of the bottle does not hit the seal 17 (see FIG. 1) of the Filling member is pressed, but is spaced apart.
  • the mouth 19 of the steam supply pipe 12 is already inside the mouth 18 of the bottle. All valves 2 to 5 and 14 are closed.
  • steam valve 2 is first opened. As a result, hot steam flows into the bottle. The superheated steam reaches all areas of the bottle and escapes into the open through the gap between the mouth of the steam supply pipe and the bottle head.
  • the mouth of the bottle is also sterilized from the outside and is therefore germ-free.
  • This phase is therefore the sterilization phase.
  • the steam valve 2 is closed.
  • a pre-rinsing phase then follows, in which the bottle is rinsed with inert gas, namely CO2.
  • the CO2 valve 4 is opened.
  • the CO2 also flows onto the steam supply pipe into the bottle, distributes itself evenly there, displaces the residual steam that is still there and in part passes through the distance between the upper edge of the bottle and the lower seal 17 on the filling element that is still present in this phase.
  • the CO2 valve is open, the bottle is then moved against the seal 17 by lifting the lifting plate 22. This is shown by the arrow with the corresponding representation in the functional sequence.
  • the pretension phase When the filling valve 14 is opened, the return gas valve 5 is also opened and the CO2 valve 4 is then closed. The filling phase now takes place, the liquid running into the bottle and 5 CO2 being able to escape from the bottle through the return gas valve.
  • the return gas valve can be used periodically to brake the filling process be opened and closed to slow the liquid ingress. When the desired fill level is reached, the fill valve 14 closes again. Then the load is relieved in a known manner by opening the return gas valve 5.
  • the bottle can be lowered somewhat from the seal on the filling element, so that an intermediate space is created between the upper edge of the bottle and the seal.
  • the C02 valve 4 can be opened again, so that a CO2 atmosphere is created in the mouth area, which prevents the penetration of air and thus any germs into the bottle interior.
  • the bottle is already completely pressed against the filling element in the positioning phase, so that there is no distance between the upper edge of the bottle and the filling element seal, as in the first example.
  • a pre-evacuation phase then follows, in which the valve 3 is opened. Only then is the sterilization phase carried out. For this purpose, the pre-evacuation valve 3 is closed and the steam valve 2 is opened. After this sterilization phase, an evacuation phase can follow, in which the vapor is then removed from the bottle by creating a vacuum.
  • the preload phase then follows. For this the CO2 valve is opened and an overpressure is generated in the bottle, which then leads to the opening of the filling valve, so that the filling phase is then entered.
  • the further steps correspond to those as have been explained with reference to FIG. 2, for which this need not be repeated here.
  • the filling valve shown in FIG. 1 can be used when carrying out these different filling processes.
  • the output lines of the individual valves 2 to 5 are combined to form the manifold 10, which in turn opens into the connecting line 11.
  • This not only leads to a simple construction of the filling element, but also has the consequence that all lines to the individual valves are also sterilized with superheated steam in the sterilization phase. This leads to a high level of sterility in the entire pipe system.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 essentially in that the pre-evacuation line 7 and the pre-evacuation valve 3 have been dispensed with and that in the area of the seal 17, which is part of the centering bell (not shown in more detail), a chamber 22 is formed, the function of which will be explained in more detail.
  • the chamber 22 is connected to the relief line 23, which in turn opens into the return gas line 9.
  • the bottle is pressed in two stages against the seal 17 in the centering bell, the only aim in the first stage being that the mouth of the bottle seals against the centering bell. Then, after the sterilization phase, the steam is pressed out of the bottle with CO2 in the subsequent rinsing phase, the steam and also the condensate can be forced into the chamber 22 and through the relief line into the return gas line, because then a flow connection between the annular space around it Steaming supply pipe around and the chamber 22 and thus also to the relief line 23.
  • the bottle can be raised further in the second stage, in which case the seal 17 moves upwards in such a way that it reduces the volume 22 or takes up the volume so far that there is no longer a flow connection to the relief line 23. Then the pressure can build up.
  • the following steps are connected: First, the bottle is moved to the position shown in FIG. 4, where it lies pressure-tight on the filling element.
  • the sterilization phase can then be directly connected, steam being blown into the bottle via the steam feed line 6 and the steam feed pipe.
  • the gas in the bottle escapes through the relief line because the chamber 22 opens this line.
  • the pre-purge phase can then follow, with inert gas being passed under pressure via line 8.
  • This inert gas presses the superheated steam and the condensate into the return gas channel 9 via the same relief line.
  • the bottle is then raised further, the seal 17 moving upward and closing the relief line and the chamber 22.
  • Now counterpressure can build up in the bottle, which ultimately leads to the lifting of the filling valve 13 and thus to the beginning of the filling phase in the manner already described.
  • the remaining phases take place according to the previously described embodiment.
  • the mouth region of the filling element can be designed in a concrete manner as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • a bottom piece 24 is attached to the lower region of the filling element, which has a projection 25 which serves to guide the centering bell 26.
  • the centering bell 26 is mounted so that it can move vertically against the projection 25 against the force of a spring 27.
  • the centering bell has a closing surface 28, which corresponds to the mouth 29 of the relief line 23 assigned.
  • FIG. 5 shows the position that the centering bell assumes during the sterilization phase. It can be seen that there is a flow connection from the chamber 22 to the bottle interior on the one hand and to the relief line 23 on the other.
  • the introduced steam can thus be collected specifically through this relief line during the sterilization phase and transported to a desired position via the relief or return gas line.
  • the centering bell is guided relative to the shoulder 25 on the base piece 24 with the inclusion of a smooth seal 30 which prevents the steam from escaping in the gap between the centering bell and the shoulder.
  • the relief line 23 does not necessarily have to open into the return gas duct 9. It is also easily possible to lead the line 23 directly to the outside via a separately controllable valve or alternatively to connect it to a vacuum in order to be able to discharge purge gas, steam or even condensate.
  • FIG. 6 also shows a deflecting body 31 which is arranged on the outer jacket of the steam supply pipe and which has the task of directing the liquid flow in the filling phase along the arrow shown in FIG. 6 to the inner wall of the mouth of the pressed-on bottle, which then leads in the manner already described to a flow of the liquid flow along the inner wall of the bottle.
  • a sterile filling not only of bottles, but also of cans or other containers can be carried out in a simple and efficient manner without having to work with a long tube and without the otherwise known ones Short tube fillers used for this purpose of sterile filling have to be accepted disadvantages.
  • the described methods and the associated filling valve with a steam supply pipe can also be used in a filling device with a centering seal guided displaceably along the filler neck, the steam supply pipe being displaceably mounted in the filling valve and connected to the centering seal via a web.
  • height-adjustable lift dividers can be dispensed with in favor of height-fixed standing surfaces. This version is particularly advantageous in the case of cans, since here the filling level is usually close to the upper edge of the can.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)

Abstract

A process and a device for the sterile filling of beverage liquids. In the process and device a bottle is sterilized by passing steam into it through a short feed pipe. All other phases such as CO2 flushing, counter-pressurizing and return gas discharge also take place through the feed pipe. During the filling process the liquid to be filled flows into the bottle around the feed pipe.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum sterilen Abfüllen von Getränkeflüssigkeiten in Flaschen od.dgl.. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung, mit der ein solches Verfahren durchgeführt werden kann.The invention relates to a method for the sterile filling of beverage liquids in bottles or the like. The invention further relates to a device with which such a method can be carried out.

Bekanntermaßen ist man beim Abfüllen von Getränken bemüht, die Getränke so abzufüllen, daß eine möglichst lange Haltbarkeit der abgefüllten Produkte erreicht wird. Wenn man dies nicht mit chemischen Zusätzen oder ein nachträgliches Pasteurisieren durch Erhitzen erreichen will, ist man darauf angewiesen, den Abfüllvorgang möglichst keimfrei, d.h. steril, durchzuführen, damit keine die Haltbarkeit des abgefüllten Produkts verkürzenden Bakterien beim Abfüllvorgang im Produkt zurückbleiben. Vorteile einer keimfreien bzw. sterilen Abfüllung ergeben sich insbesondere bei Fruchtsäften, aber auch bei Bier oder ähnlichen Getränken.As is known, when bottling beverages, efforts are made to fill the beverages in such a way that the bottled products have a long shelf life. If you do not want to achieve this with chemical additives or subsequent pasteurization by heating, you have to rely on the filling process to be as germ-free as possible, i.e. sterile, so that no bacteria shortening the shelf life of the filled product remain in the product during the filling process. The advantages of a sterile or sterile filling result in particular from fruit juices, but also from beer or similar beverages.

Um einen hohen Grad an Keimfreiheit beim Abfüllvorgang zu erzielen, ist es bekannt, eine Dampfsterilisierung der Flaschen vorzunehmen. In dieser Dampfsterilisierungsphase werden die Flaschen (dies gilt selbstverständlich auch für Getränkedosen) mit Heißdampf durchspült. Zu diesem Zweck hat man bereits vorgeschlagen (US-PS 26 95 743), durch ein bei der Dampfsterilisation oberhalb des Flaschenrands liegendes kurzes Füllrohr, das während des Füllvorgangs mit seiner Mündung im Flaschenhals eintaucht, Dampf in den Mündungsbereich der Flasche zu bringen, indem das Füllrohr in Durchflußverbindung mit einer Dampfzuleitung gebracht wird. Nach der Dampfspülung des Mündungsbereichs wird das Füllrohr dann in den Flaschenhals eingefahren und durch das Füllrohr, durch das auch der Dampf eingeleitet worden ist, dann die abzufüllende Flüssigkeit in die Flasche eingefüllt.In order to achieve a high degree of sterility in the filling process, it is known to steam sterilize the bottles. In this steam sterilization phase, the bottles are rinsed with superheated steam (this of course also applies to beverage cans). For this purpose, it has already been proposed (US Pat. No. 2,695,743), through a short filling tube lying above the edge of the bottle during steam sterilization, which dips into the neck of the bottle during the filling process, into the steam Bring the mouth of the bottle by bringing the fill pipe in flow connection with a steam supply line. After the mouth area has been rinsed with steam, the filling tube is then inserted into the bottle neck and the liquid to be filled is then poured into the bottle through the filling tube through which the steam has also been introduced.

An diesem Verfahren ist der relativ große Steuerungsaufwand nachteilig. Außerdem hat man an diesem Verfahren kritisiert (siehe EP-A-0303135), daß eine ausreichende Sterilisierung insbesondere des Innenraums der Flasche nicht möglich ist, da dort mit einem kurzen Füllrohr gearbeitet wird.The relatively large control effort is disadvantageous in this method. In addition, there has been criticism of this method (see EP-A-0303135) that adequate sterilization, in particular of the interior of the bottle, is not possible since a short filling tube is used there.

Um diesen Nachteil zu umgehen, wird in der EP-A-03 03135, bei der ebenfalls eine Dampfsterilisationsphase vorgesehen ist, ein langes Dampfzuleitungsrohr verwendet, das in der Dampfsterilisationsphase so weit in die Flasche eingeführt ist, daß der Mündungsbereich des Dampfzuleitungsrohres nur unwesentlich über dem Boden der zu sterilisierenden Flasche liegt. Der Dampf strömt dann vom Flaschenboden an den Wänden entlang nach oben. Außerdem wird bei der Dampfsterilisationsphase über die Flasche eine Glocke gestülpt. Innerhalb dieser Glocke wird ebenfalls eine Dampfatmosphäre erzeugt, so daß die Flasche dann von außen und von innen mit Heißdampf behandelt ist.In order to avoid this disadvantage, in EP-A-03 03135, in which a steam sterilization phase is also provided, a long steam supply pipe is used, which is inserted into the bottle so far in the steam sterilization phase that the mouth area of the steam supply pipe is only slightly above that Bottom of the bottle to be sterilized is. The steam then flows upwards from the bottom of the bottle along the walls. In addition, a bell is put over the bottle during the steam sterilization phase. A vapor atmosphere is also generated within this bell, so that the bottle is then treated with superheated steam from the outside and from the inside.

Nachteilig an diesem Verfahren ist einmal der große Aufwand, der für die Sterilisierungsphase erforderlich ist (zusätzliche Glocke), insbesondere ist aber auch nachteilig, daß aufgrund des langen Dampfzuleitungsrohres große Relativverschiebungen zwischen Dosierorgan und Flasche stattfinden müssen, was wiederum mit dem entsprechenden Vorrichtungsaufwand und zusätzlicher Prozeßzeit beim Abheben und Absenken verbunden ist. Das Langrohr besitzt außerdem eine vergleichsweise hohe Wärmespeicherkapazität, so daß im Anschluß nach einem erfolgten Fülltakt das durch die abgefüllte Flüssigkeit abgekühlte Füllrohr neu aufgeheizt werden muß, wodurch viel unerwünschtes Kondensat anfällt.A disadvantage of this method is the great effort required for the sterilization phase (additional bell), but it is also disadvantageous that large relative displacements between the metering element and the bottle have to take place due to the long steam supply pipe, which in turn has to do with the corresponding device effort and additional process time when lifting and lowering is connected. The long tube also has a comparatively high heat storage capacity, so that after a filling cycle has taken place, the filling tube cooled by the filled liquid has to be re-heated, as a result of which a lot of undesirable condensate is produced.

Gegenüber diesem Stand der Technik will die Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung vorschlagen, mit dem/der eine einfache und effektive, für einen großen Anwendungsbereich ausreichende sterile Flaschenabfüllung möglich ist.Compared to this prior art, the invention intends to propose a method and a device with which a simple and effective, sterile bottle filling which is sufficient for a large area of application is possible.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Verfahrensschritte vorgesehen. Gemäß diesen Verfahrensmerkmalen wird zunächst in einer Positionierphase die Flasche von unten auf das Füllorgan hin bewegt, wobei diese Bewegung mindestens soweit erfolgt, daß die Mündung eines kurzen, am Füllorgan vorgesehenen Dampfzuleitungsrohres im Mündungsbereich innerhalb des Flaschenkopfes zu liegen kommt. Es wird dann in der nachfolgenden Sterilisationsphase Dampf durch das Dampfzuleitungsrohr in die Flasche eingeleitet, wobei dadurch, daS die Mündung des Dampfzuleitungsrohres innerhalb des Flaschenkopfes liegt, der Dampf unmittelbar gezielt in die Flasche eingeleitet wird und so in einen relativ scharfen und gebündelten Stahl nach unten strömen kann und dadurch alle Bereiche der Flasche, auch den Flaschenboden und die Eckbereiche zwischen Boden und Wänden erreichen kann. Die Dampfzufuhr kann bis zum Erreichen eines bestimmten Druckes im Flascheninneren aufrechterhalten werden.To achieve this object, the method steps specified in claim 1 are provided. According to these process features, the bottle is first moved from below to the filling element in a positioning phase, this movement taking place at least to the extent that the mouth of a short steam supply tube provided on the filling element comes to rest in the mouth area within the bottle head. In the subsequent sterilization phase, steam is then introduced into the bottle through the steam supply pipe, whereby the fact that the mouth of the steam supply pipe lies within the bottle head means that the steam is directly directed into the bottle and thus flows downwards into a relatively sharp and bundled steel can and can therefore reach all areas of the bottle, including the bottle bottom and the corner areas between the floor and walls. The steam supply can be maintained until a certain pressure inside the bottle is reached.

Nach dieser Sterilisationsphase wird die Flasche wie an sich bekannt, mit einem inerten Spanngas vorgespannt, wobei ein Gegendruck in der Flasche erzeugt wird, der bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Wertes das Flüssigkeitsventil im Füllorgan beispielsweise automatisch öffnet.After this sterilization phase, the bottle is prestressed with an inert tensioning gas, as is known per se, a counterpressure being generated in the bottle which, for example, automatically opens the liquid valve in the filling element when a certain value is reached.

Es wird sodann in der Füllphase die Getränkeflüssigkeit unter Umstromung des Außenmantels des Dampfzuleitungsrohrs in die Flasche eingefüllt. Dabei bedeutet "Umströmung des Außenmantels", daß die Flüssigkeit also nicht im Inneren des Dampfzuleitungsrohres zugeführt wird, sondern in dem Bereich zwischen der Innenwandung der Flasche und dem Außenmantel des Dampfzuleitungsrohres. Die Umströmung des Außenmantels kann dabei in direktem oder indirektem Kontakt mit dem Außenmantel stattfinden. Dadurch, daß die abzufüllende Flüssigkeit unter Umströmung des Außenmantels im oben gegebenen Sinne in die Flasche eingefüllt wird, kann das aufgrund der vorangegangenen Sterilisationsphase noch heiße Dampfzuleitungsrohr die abzufüllende Flüssigkeit auf einer relativ großen Fläche, nämlich der Umfangsfläche des Dampfzuleitungsrohrs direkt oder indirekt, etwas erwärmen. Diese Erwärmung führt dazu, daß die Flüssigkeit nicht kalt gegen die aufgrund der vorangegangenen Sterilisationsphase erhitzten Innenwand der Flasche auftritt, sondern hier eine gewisse Verringerung der Temperaturdifferenz stattfindet, was die Gefahr des Flaschenbruchs aufgrund sonst möglicher, großer Temperaturdifferenzen, stark reduziert. Bei diesem Füllvorgang wird das Spanngas verdrängt und als Rückgas durch das Dampfzuleitungsrohr abgeführt. Nach Erreichen des gewünschten Füllstandes wird die Flasche dann in an sich bekannter Weise schließlich vom Füllorgan nach unten abgezogen.The beverage liquid is then poured into the bottle while flowing around the outer jacket of the steam feed pipe in the filling phase. "Flow around the outer jacket" means that the liquid is therefore not supplied inside the steam feed pipe, but rather in the area between the inner wall of the bottle and the outer jacket of the steam feed pipe. The flow around the outer jacket can take place in direct or indirect contact with the outer jacket. Because the liquid to be filled is poured into the bottle while flowing around the outer jacket, the steam supply pipe, which is still hot due to the preceding sterilization phase, can heat the liquid to be filled somewhat or directly over a relatively large area, namely the peripheral surface of the steam supply pipe. This heating means that the liquid does not occur cold against the inner wall of the bottle, which has been heated due to the previous sterilization phase, but instead a certain reduction in the temperature difference takes place, which greatly reduces the risk of the bottle breaking due to possible large temperature differences. In this filling process, the tensioning gas is displaced and discharged as return gas through the steam feed pipe. After the desired filling level has been reached, the bottle is then pulled off from the filling element in a manner known per se.

Da anders als nach dem Stand der Technik nach der US-PS 26 95 743 das kurze Dampfzuleitungsrohr bereits in der Sterilisationsphase im Flaschenmündungsbereich liegt und für den Füllvorgang keine Verschiebung des Dampfzuleitungsrohrs erforderlich ist, ergibt sich gegenüber diesem Stand der Technik eine einfachere und wirkungsvollere Möglichkeit, die Sterilisationsphase durchzuführen, andererseits ergibt sich nicht die Notwendigkeit der langen Hubbewegungen, wie dies in der EP-A-0303135 der Fall ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann daher einfach und trotzdem effizient durchgeführt werden. Da zur Führung der Flüssigkeit und der Prozeßgase völlig getrennte Kanäle benutzt werden, kann der Flüssigkeitskanal unterhalb des Flüssigkeitsventiles frei von Anschnitten für Gaskanäle gehalten werden, wodurch sich eine widerstands- und wirbelarme Strömung und gute Reinigung ergibt. Ferner kommen die an das Dampfzuleitungsrohr angeschlossenen Gaskanäle praktisch nicht mit dem Füllgut in Berührung, was die Bildung von Keimherden vermeidet.Since, unlike in the prior art according to US Pat. No. 2,695,743, the short steam feed pipe is already in the bottle mouth area in the sterilization phase and since the filling process does not require displacement of the steam feed pipe, there is a simpler and more effective possibility compared to this prior art. to carry out the sterilization phase, on the other hand there is no need for the long lifting movements, as is the case in EP-A-0303135. The method according to the invention can therefore be carried out simply and nevertheless efficiently. Since completely separate channels are used to guide the liquid and the process gases, the liquid channel below the liquid valve can be kept free of gates for gas channels, which results in a low-resistance and low-vortex flow and good cleaning. Furthermore, the gas channels connected to the steam supply pipe practically do not come into contact with the contents, which prevents the formation of germ spots.

Es bestehen gemäß den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2 bis 13 verschiedene Varianten, das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren weiter auszugestalten.According to the dependent claims 2 to 13, there are different variants for further developing the method according to the invention.

Bei einer dieser vorteilhaften Ausführungsvarianten wird die Flasche in der Positionierphase nur bis kurz unterhalb des Füllorgans ohne Anpressen gegen das Füllorgan angehoben und es wird in dieser Stellung dann die Sterilisationsphase durchgeführt. Auch bei dieser Variante wird darauf geachtet, daß die Mündung des Dampfzuleitungsrohrs bereits im Flaschenhals liegt, wenn die Hubbewegung der Flasche gestoppt wird. In der Dampfphase kann der Dampf dann die Flasche durchströmen und tritt zwischen Dampfzuleitungsrohr und Flaschenhals nach oben aus der Flasche ins Freie aus, so daß dabei dann auch der obere Flaschenrand und insbesondere der Bereich, in dem der Flaschenverschluß später aufgebracht wird, außerhalb der Flasche mit sterilisationsbehandelt wird. Es findet also eine Mündungssterilisation von außen statt. Im weiteren Verlauf kann die Flasche dicht an das Füllorgan unter gleichzeitig anhaltender Dampfzufuhr angepreßt werden.In one of these advantageous design variants, the bottle is only raised to just below the filling element without pressing against the filling element in the positioning phase and the sterilization phase is then carried out in this position. In this variant, too, care is taken that the mouth of the steam supply pipe is already in the bottle neck when the lifting movement of the bottle is stopped. In the vapor phase, the steam can then flow through the bottle and emerges from the bottle into the open between the steam feed pipe and the bottle neck, so that the top of the bottle, and in particular the area in which the bottle cap is applied later, is then sterilized outside the bottle. Mouth sterilization therefore takes place from the outside. In the further course, the bottle can be pressed tightly against the filling element while simultaneously supplying steam.

An diese Mündungssterilisation kann sich auch gemäß einer weiteren Variante eine Vorspülphase anschließen, in der wiederum inertes Spanngas in die Flasche eingeleitet wird, das dann den Zweck hat, den Heißdampf aus der Flasche auszuspülen. Wenn während dieser Spülphase dann nach dem Austreiben des Heißdampfes die Flasche weiter angehoben wird, bis sie dichtend am Füllorgan anliegt, kann man von dieser Spülphase unmittelbar in die Vorspannphase übergehen, in der dann der Gegendruck in der Flasche zum anschließenden Öffnen des Füllventils erzeugt wird.According to a further variant, this mouth sterilization can also be followed by a pre-rinsing phase in which inert clamping gas is again introduced into the bottle, which then has the purpose of flushing out the hot steam from the bottle. If, during this flushing phase, after the hot steam has been expelled, the bottle is raised further until it lies sealingly against the filling element, one can proceed directly from this flushing phase to the pretensioning phase, in which the counterpressure in the bottle is then generated for the subsequent opening of the filling valve.

Bei einer anderen Variante ist vorgesehen, daß die Flasche bereits in der Positionierphase gegen eine Dichtung des Füllorgans gepreßt wird. Zwischen der so durchgeführten Positionierphase und der Sterilisationsphase kann dann eine Vorevakuierung der Flasche erfolgen. Zu diesem Zweck wird vorzugsweise ebenfalls wiederum das Dampfzuleitungsrohr herangezogen, indem dieses an eine Vakuumleitung angeschlossen wird. Nach dieser ersten Vorevakuierung kann dann die Sterilisationsphase erfolgen, während dann wiederum zur Dampfentfernung eine Evakuierungsphase sich anschließen kann.Another variant provides that the bottle is pressed against a seal of the filling element already in the positioning phase. A pre-evacuation of the bottle can then take place between the positioning phase carried out and the sterilization phase. For this purpose, the steam supply pipe is preferably also used again by connecting it to a vacuum line. After this first pre-evacuation, the sterilization phase can then take place, while an evacuation phase can then follow in order to remove steam.

Durch diese Maßnahmen kann die Keimabtötung im Flascheninneren wirkungsvoll unterstützt werden.These measures can kill germs in the Bottles inside are effectively supported.

Bei einer anderen Verfahrensvariante ist vorgesehen, daß nach der Sterilisationsphase eine Vorspülphase mit durch das Dampfzuleitungsrohr eingeleitetem Spanngas durchgefüh7t wird und daß während der Vorspülphase der Dampf und das Kondensat durch eine in dieser Vorspülphase zur Flaschenmündung hin geöffnete Entlastungsleitung ausgeblasen wird.Another variant of the method provides that after the sterilization phase a pre-rinsing phase is carried out with tension gas introduced through the steam supply pipe and that during the pre-rinsing phase the steam and the condensate are blown out through a relief line which is open towards the bottle mouth in this pre-rinsing phase.

Bei dieser Variante wird die Flasche ebenfalls gegen eine Dichtung des Füllorgans gepreßt, wobei jedoch der Anpreßdruck zunächst nur so zu sein braucht, daß die Flasche dicht am Füllorgan sitzt. Wenn dann nach der Sterilisationsphase, der keine Vorevakuierungsphase vorausgegangen sein muß, die Vorspülphase eingeleitet wird, so kann das eingeleitete Spanngas den Dampf und insbesondere das sich in der Sterilisationsphase im Flaschenboden sammelnde Kondensat nach oben aus der Flasche drücken, wobei dieser heiße Dampf dann nicht ins Freie abgegeben wird, wo er evtl. benachbarte Flaschen beeinträchtigen könnte, sondern einer Entlastungsleitung zugeführt wird, und kann dann gezielt an einer geeigneten Stelle abgegeben werden kann. Zur Beendigung der Vorspülphase kann die Entlastungsleitung geschlossen werden, so daß das zunächst als Spülgas eingeleitete Gas nicht mehr entweicht und sich dann die Vorspannphase anschließt. In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung wird die Entlastungsleitung durch eine Hubbewegung der Flasche verschlossen. Das kann dadurch geschehen, daß die Flasche dann nach Beendigung der Vorspülphase weiter angehoben wird, wobei durch eine geeignete Ausbildung der Zentrierglocke automatisch das Verschließen der Mündung der Entlastungsleitung stattfindet.In this variant, the bottle is also pressed against a seal of the filling element, but the contact pressure only needs to be such that the bottle sits close to the filling element. If the pre-rinsing phase is then initiated after the sterilization phase, which does not have to be preceded by a pre-evacuation phase, the tension gas introduced can push the steam and in particular the condensate collecting in the bottom of the bottle in the sterilization phase upwards, this hot steam then not entering the bottle Free is released, where it could possibly affect adjacent bottles, but is fed to a relief line, and can then be released at a suitable point. At the end of the pre-purge phase, the relief line can be closed so that the gas initially introduced as the purge gas no longer escapes and then the pre-purge phase follows. In an advantageous embodiment, the relief line is closed by a lifting movement of the bottle. This can be done in that the bottle is then raised further after the end of the pre-rinsing phase, the opening of the relief line being closed automatically by a suitable design of the centering bell.

In einer weiteren sehr vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß in der Füllphase die Flüssigkeit durch einen über der Flaschenmündung sitzenden Umlenkkörper an die Innenwand des Flaschenkopfes hingelenkt wird. Dieser Umlenkkörper hat die Aufgabe, die Flüssigkeit unmittelbar im Mündungsbereich der Flasche an die Innenwand der Flasche hinzulenken, wo sie dann aufgenommen wird und unter der Adhäsionswirkung an der Flascheninnenwand entlang in die Flasche nach unten strömt. Damit ergibt sich eine gleichmäßige, von oben nach unten erfolgende Abkühlung der Flasche beim Füllvorgang, beginnend im besonders starkwandigen Kopfbereich der Flasche, so daß es nicht zu Temperaturschocks und damit zum Flaschenbruch kommt.In a further very advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that in the filling phase the liquid is directed towards the inner wall of the bottle head by a deflecting body located above the bottle mouth. This deflecting body has the task of directing the liquid directly in the mouth region of the bottle to the inside wall of the bottle, where it is then taken up and flows downward into the bottle along the inside wall of the bottle under the adhesive effect. This results in a uniform cooling of the bottle from top to bottom during the filling process, starting in the particularly thick-walled head area of the bottle, so that there are no temperature shocks and thus bottle breakage.

Bei allen Verfahrensvarianten kann in der Abziehphase vorgesehen sein, die Flasche nur teilweise vom Füllorgan abzuziehen, und dann eine Spülung des Mündungsbereichs der gefüllten Flasche durch Anblasen mit inertem Spanngas, das ebenfalls wieder durch das Dampfzuleitungsrohr geleitet wird, vorzunehmen. Danach kann die Flasche dann vollständig vom Füllorgan abgezogen werden. Mit diesem Nachspülen wird im Bereich der Flaschenmündung wie an sich bekannt eine inerte Atmosphäre geschaffen, so daß der Flascheninnenraum bis zum verschließen nicht mehr mit eventuell noch Keime enthaltender Luft in Berührung kommt.In the case of all process variants, it can be provided in the pull-off phase that the bottle is only partially removed from the filling element, and then the mouth area of the filled bottle is flushed by blowing with inert clamping gas, which is likewise passed again through the steam supply pipe. The bottle can then be completely removed from the filling element. With this rinsing, as is known per se, an inert atmosphere is created in the area of the bottle mouth, so that the bottle interior no longer comes into contact with air which may still contain germs until it is closed.

Eine Füllmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 ist in Anspruch 14 angegeben.A filling machine for performing the method according to claim 1 is specified in claim 14.

Mit deren Merkmalen wird eine Füllmaschine mit einem Füllorgan geschaffen, bei dem das Dampfzuleitungsrohr nicht nur das Flüssigkeitsventil, sondern auch einen darüberliegenden, produktflüssigkeitsbeaufschlagten Raum durchsetzt, was zur Folge hat, daß auch in der Sterilisationsphase mit Heißdampf der durch das Dampfzuleitungsrohr geführte Dampf Wärme an das Flüssigkeitsventil einerseits und das in diesem Bereich anstehende Produkt abgeben kann, so daß das Produkt etwas vorgewärmt wird, mit der oben beschriebenen Folge, daß die Temperaturdifferenzen beim Auftreffen auf die Flaschenwand geringer sind. Neben diesen Vorteilen ergibt sich eine bedeutende Vereinfachung dadurch, daß das Dampfzuleitungsrohr nicht nur zur Zuleitung von Heißdampf, sondern auch als Zuleitungsrohr für das Spanngas und für das Vakuum dient. Dadurch, daß die einzelnen Verfahrensschritte wie Spülen mit inertem Spanngas, Vorevakuieren, Spülen mit Heißdampf immer separat ausgeführt werden, ist es möglich, alle diese Vorgänge durch das Dampfzuleitungsrohr zu steuern. Dies hat nicht nur eine vereinfachte Konstruktion zur Folge, sondern bringt darüberhinaus auch noch den Vorteil, daß in der Sterilisationsphase auch die Spanngasleitung und die Vakuumleitung sowie die Rückgasleitung mit Heißdampf bis zu den entsprechenden Ventilen beaufschlagt und damit immer wieder ebenfalls sterilisiert werden, so daß keine eventuell mögliche Verschleppung von Bakterien von einem Füllvorgang auf den nächsten Füllvorgang stattfinden kann.With their features, a filling machine with a filling element is created, in which the steam feed pipe not only penetrates the liquid valve, but also an overlying, product-liquid-laden space, with the result that also in the sterilization phase Superheated steam, the steam passed through the steam supply pipe, can give off heat to the liquid valve on the one hand and the product present in this area, so that the product is preheated somewhat, with the result described above that the temperature differences are less when striking the bottle wall. In addition to these advantages, there is a significant simplification in that the steam supply pipe not only serves for supplying superheated steam, but also as a supply pipe for the tensioning gas and for the vacuum. Because the individual process steps such as purging with inert gas, pre-evacuation, purging with superheated steam are always carried out separately, it is possible to control all of these processes through the steam feed pipe. This not only results in a simplified construction, but also has the additional advantage that during the sterilization phase, the tensioning gas line and the vacuum line, as well as the return gas line, are subjected to superheated steam up to the corresponding valves and are therefore also repeatedly sterilized, so that none possible carryover of bacteria from one filling process to the next filling process can take place.

Aus der EP-A-0341 626 ist bereits ein Füllorgan für eine Füllmaschine bekannt, bei dem ein im Hals einer angepreßten Flasche endendes Gasrohr das Flüssigkeitsventil und einen bei geschlossenem Flüssigkeitsventil flüssigkeitsbeaufschlagten Raum durchsetzt. An das Gasrohr ist oberhalb des Flüssigkeitsventils eine Gasleitung angeschlossen, es ist jedoch keine Dampfzuführleitung vorhanden, so daß mit diesem Füllorgan eine Dampfsterilisation einer angepreßten Flasche nicht durchgeführt werden kann.From EP-A-0341 626 a filling element for a filling machine is already known, in which a gas pipe ending in the neck of a pressed bottle passes through the liquid valve and a space which is exposed to liquid when the liquid valve is closed. A gas line is connected to the gas pipe above the liquid valve, but there is no steam supply line, so that steam sterilization of a pressed bottle cannot be carried out with this filling element.

Bei einer konkreten Ausführungsform ist in diesem Zusammenhang vorgesehen, daß die Zuführleitung für das inerte Spanngas, die Zuführleitung für Vakuum sowie die Zuführleitung für Dampf in einer gemeinsamen Anschlußleitung münden, die dann wiederum ihrerseits in das Dampfzuleitungsrohr einmündet.In a specific embodiment, it is provided in this connection that the supply line for the inert tensioning gas, the supply line for vacuum and the supply line for steam open into a common connecting line, which in turn opens into the steam supply pipe.

Außerdem kann das Dampfzuleitungsrohr auch zum Entspannen der gefüllten Flasche auf Atmosphärendruck benutzt werden.In addition, the steam supply pipe can also be used to relax the filled bottle to atmospheric pressure.

Die Dichtung, gegen die die Flasche an der Zentrierglocke angepreßt wird, ist vorteilhafterweise Teil einer höhenbeweglichen Zentrierglocke, die bei einer Ausführungsform in einer ersten Lage eine Kammer oberhalb der Flaschenmündung bildet. In dieser Situation ist also die Flasche an der Zentrierglocke angpreßt, es entsteht jedoch um den Mündungsbereich herum in der Zentrierglocke eine Kammer, die es ermöglicht, in der Vorspülphase den Heißdampf aus der Flasche in die Kammer und über die Kammer in eine dort mündende Entlastungsleitung hinein zu blasen. In einer zweiten Lage, in der die Zentrierglocke noch weiter angehoben ist, können Teile der Zentrierglocke bei entsprechender Ausbildung die Mundungsöffnung der Entlastungsleitung verschließen, so daß sich dann in der Flasche in der Vorspannphase wie gewünscht der erforderliche Gegendruck aufbauen kann.The seal against which the bottle is pressed against the centering bell is advantageously part of a vertically movable centering bell, which in one embodiment forms a chamber above the bottle mouth in a first position. In this situation, the bottle is pressed against the centering bell, but a chamber is created around the mouth area in the centering bell, which enables the superheated steam from the bottle in the pre-rinsing phase into the chamber and through the chamber into a discharge line opening there to blow. In a second position, in which the centering bell is raised even further, parts of the centering bell can, with appropriate training, close the mouth opening of the relief line, so that the required counterpressure can then build up in the bottle in the pretensioning phase as desired.

Als weiterhin sehr vorteilhaft hat sich herausgestellt, das Dampfzuleitungsrohr zumindest im Mündungsbereich zur Flasche hin als Ringdüse auszubilden. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch geschehen, daß man im Innern des Dampfzuleitungsrohrs eine Sonde anordnet, die zur Erfassung des Füllstands dient. Diese Sonde wirkt in der Sterilisationsphase auf den Dampfstrom strömungsleitend, was zu einem entsprechend gebündelten Dampfstrahl führt, der auf den Boden der Flasche gerichtet ist und sich dann von dort an den Wänden der Flasche entlang nach oben ausbreiten kann.It has also proven to be very advantageous to design the steam feed pipe as an annular nozzle at least in the mouth area towards the bottle. This can happen, for example, by arranging a probe inside the steam feed pipe, which serves to detect the fill level. In the sterilization phase, this probe has a flow-guiding effect on the steam flow, which leads to a correspondingly concentrated steam jet which is directed towards the bottom of the bottle and can then spread upwards along the walls of the bottle from there.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind, weiter erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

Figur 1
den Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Füllorgans in schematischer Darstellung,
Figur 2
die einzelnen Phasen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens nach einer ersten Variante und
Figur 3
die einzelnen Phasen einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensvariante,
Figur 4
den Aufbau eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Füllorgangs in schematischer Darstellung,
Figur 5
eine Teilschnittdarstellung einer konkreteren, nach dem anhand von Figur 4 erläuterten Prinzip arbeitenden Füllorgan in der Vorspülphase und
Figur 6
das Füllorgan der Figur 5 in der Füllphase.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawing. Show:
Figure 1
the structure of a filling device according to the invention in a schematic representation,
Figure 2
the individual phases of the method according to the invention according to a first variant and
Figure 3
the individual phases of a second method variant according to the invention,
Figure 4
the structure of a further embodiment of a filling process according to the invention in a schematic representation,
Figure 5
a partial sectional view of a more concrete, according to the principle explained with reference to Figure 4 filling element in the pre-rinse and
Figure 6
the filling element of Figure 5 in the filling phase.

In der Figur 1 ist ein Füllorgan schematisch dargestetlt und mit 1 bezeichnet. Dieses Füllorgan befindet sich in einer nicht dargestellten Gegendruckfüllmaschine, deren prinzipieller Aufbau bekannt ist und hier nicht weiter erläutert zu werden braucht. In diesem Zusammenhang kann z.B. auf die DE-OS 38 25 093 oder die DE-OS 38 36 489 hingewiesen werden. In diesen Druckschriften wird der prinzipielle Aufbau derartiger Maschinen beschrieben.In Figure 1, a filling element is shown schematically and designated 1. This filling element is located in a back pressure filling machine, not shown, the basic structure of which is known and need not be explained further here. In this context, reference may be made, for example, to DE-OS 38 25 093 or DE-OS 38 36 489. The basic structure of such machines is described in these publications.

Dem Füllorgan 1 sind verschiedene, in einem Ventilblock untergebrachte Ventile 2, 3, 4 und 5 zugeordnet. Das Ventil 2 dient als Dampfventil und ist eingangsseitig an eine Dampfzuführleitung 6 angeschlossen. Das Ventil 3 dient zur Vorevakuierung und ist eingangsseitig mit einer evakuierten Leitung 7 verbunden. Das Ventil 4 dient als Inertgas-Ventil und ist zu diesem Zweck eingangsseitig mit der Inertgasleitung 8 verbunden. Schließlich dient das Ventil 5 als Rückgasventil zum Ablassen von Rückgas über die Rückgasleitung 9. Alle Ventile 2 bis 5 sind ausgangsseitig an eine gemeinsame Leitung 10 angeschlossen, die wiederum über eine Anschlußleitung 11 an das obere Ende eines Dampfzuleitungsrohres 12 angeschlossen ist. Dieses Dampfzuleitungsrohr durchsetzt den Ventilkörper 13 des eigentlichen Flüssigkeitsventils 14. Oberhalb des Flüssigkeitsventils 14 befindet sich ein Produktsammelraum 15, in den die Produktleitung 16 mündet. Im Kopf des Füllorgans ist der Antrieb 23 für das Füllorgan untergebracht, der es ermöglicht, das Flüssigkeitsventil 14 zur geeigneten Zeit zu öffnen bzw. wieder zu schließen.The filling element 1 is assigned various valves 2, 3, 4 and 5 accommodated in a valve block. The valve 2 serves as a steam valve and is connected on the inlet side to a steam supply line 6. The valve 3 is used for pre-evacuation and is connected on the input side to an evacuated line 7. The valve 4 serves as an inert gas valve and is connected on the inlet side to the inert gas line 8 for this purpose. Finally, valve 5 serves as a return gas valve for discharging return gas via return gas line 9. All valves 2 to 5 are connected on the output side to a common line 10, which in turn is connected via a connecting line 11 to the upper end of a steam supply pipe 12. This steam supply pipe passes through the valve body 13 of the actual liquid valve 14. Above the liquid valve 14 there is a product collecting space 15, into which the product line 16 opens. In the head of the filling element, the drive 23 for the filling element is accommodated, which enables the liquid valve 14 to be opened or closed again at the appropriate time.

In der dargestellten Position liegt an einer unteren Dichtung 17 des Füllorgans der Kopf 18 einer zu füllenden Flasche an. Das Dampfzuleitungsrohr 12 endet im Bereich des Flaschenhalses mit seiner Mündungsöffnung 19 unterhalb der Flaschenmündung 20. In dem Dampfzuleitungsrohr ist desweiteren eine Sonde 21 untergebracht, die als Füllstanddetektorsonde dient und Signale zur Beendigung des Füllvorgangs gibt, wenn die Sonde beim Füllvorgang mit Flüssigkeit in Berührung kommt. Die Mündungsöffnung 19 kann vorteilhafterweise über den vorgesehenen Füllstand enden, so daß keine Flüssigkeit in das Innere des Dampfzuleitungsrohres eindringt. Die Ventile 2 bis 5 werden je nach gewünschtem Verfahrensablauf elektrisch oder auch mechanisch geöffnet oder geschlossen.In the position shown, the head 18 of a bottle to be filled bears against a lower seal 17 of the filling element. The steam supply pipe 12 ends in the area of the bottle neck with its mouth 19 below the bottle mouth 20. A probe 21 is also housed in the steam feed pipe, which serves as a fill level detector probe and signals the end of the filling process when the probe comes into contact with liquid during the filling process. The mouth opening 19 can advantageously end above the intended fill level, so that no liquid penetrates into the interior of the steam feed pipe. The valves 2 to 5 are opened or closed electrically or mechanically, depending on the desired process sequence.

Mit einem derartigen Füllorgan läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in verschiedenen Variaten bzw. Ausführungsbeispielen durchführen.With such a filling element, the method according to the invention can be carried out in various variants or exemplary embodiments.

Eine erste derartige Variante wird im folgenden anhand der Figur 2 weiter erläutert. In der Figur 2 (ebenso wie in der Figur 3) sind nacheinanderfolgend die einzelnen Positionen der verschiedenen Ventile in den einzelnen Phasen des Füllvorgangs dargestellt. Dabei stehen in der linken Spalte jedes Kästchens die offenen Ventile. In der rechten Spalte sind die geschlossenen Ventile in den einzelnen Phasen gezeigt. Die Zahlen entsprechen den Bezugszeichen der Ventile in der Figur 1, d.h. das Ventil 2 ist das Dampfventil, das Ventil 3 ist das Vorevakuierungsventil, das Ventil 4 das Inertgasventil und das Ventil 5 das Rückgasventil. Mit 14 ist das eigentliche Füllventil bezeichnet.A first variant of this type is further explained below with reference to FIG. 2. In FIG. 2 (as in FIG. 3), the individual positions of the various valves in the individual phases of the filling process are shown in succession. The open valves are in the left column of each box. In the right column, the closed valves are shown in the individual phases. The numbers correspond to the reference numerals of the valves in Figure 1, i.e. valve 2 is the steam valve, valve 3 is the pre-evacuation valve, valve 4 is the inert gas valve and valve 5 is the return gas valve. The actual filling valve is designated by 14.

Gemäß einer ersten Variante, die in Figur 2 dargestellt ist, wird eine Flasche in der Positionierphase gegen das Füllorgan 1 durch Anheben des Hubtellers 22, auf dem die Flasche steht, so in Position gebracht, daß der obere Rand der Flasche nicht gegen die Dichtung 17 (vgl. Figur 1) des Füllorgans gepreßt ist, sondern beabstandet dazu liegt. Allerdings liegt die Mündung 19 des Dampfzuleitungsrohres 12 bereits innerhalb der Mündung 18 der Flasche. Sämtliche Ventile 2 bis 5 und 14 sind dabei geschlossen. Im nächsten Schritt wird nun zunächst das Dampfventil 2 geöffnet. Das hat zur Folge, daß Heißdampf in die Flasche einströmt. Der Heißdampf erreicht sämtliche Bereiche der Flasche und entweicht duch den Spalt zwischen Mündung des Dampfzuleitungsrohres und Flaschenkopf ins Freie. Dabei wird der Mündungsbereich der Flasche auch von außen sterilisiert und damit keimfrei. Diese Phase ist daher die Sterilisationsphase. Zur Beendigung der Sterilisationsphase wird das Dampfventil 2 geschlossen. Es folgt sodann eine Vorspülphase, in der mit inertem Gas, nämlich CO₂ ein Spülen der Flasche vorgenommen wird. Dazu wird das CO₂-Ventil 4 geöffnet. Das CO₂ strömt ebenfalls auf das Dampfzuleitungsrohr in die Flasche, verteilt sich dort gleichmäßig, verdrängt den dort noch vorhandenen Restdampf und gelangt zum Teil durch den in dieser Phase noch vorhandenen Abstand zwischen oberem Flaschenrand und unterer Dichtung 17 am Füllorgan ins Freie. Bei geöffneten CO₂-Ventil wird sodann die Flasche durch Anheben des Hubtellers 22 gegen die Dichtung 17 gefahren. Dies ist durch den Pfeil mit der entsprechenden Darstellung im Funktionsablauf gezeigt. Durch das weitere Einleiten des CO₂ bei geöffnetem CO₂-Ventil entsteht nun in der Flasche ein Gegendruck, der schließlich dazu führt, daß sich das Füllventil 14 öffnet. Diese Phase ist als Vorspannphase bezeichnet. Mit dem Öffnen des Füllventils 14 wird auch das Rückgasventil 5 geöffnet und das CO₂-Ventil 4 sodann geschlossen. Es findet nun die Füllphase statt, wobei die Flüssigkeit in die Flasche einläuft und dabei durch das Rückgasventil 5 CO₂ aus der Flasche entweichen kann. Zum Bremsen des Füllvorgangs kann das Rückgasventil periodisch geöffnet und geschlossen werden, um das Einlaufen der Flüssigkeit zu verlangsamen. Bei Erreichen des gewünschten Füllstands schließt das Füllventil 14 wieder. Sodann wird durch Öffnen des Rückgasventils 5 in bekannter Weise entlastet.According to a first variant, which is shown in FIG. 2, a bottle in the positioning phase is brought into position against the filling element 1 by lifting the lifting plate 22 on which the bottle stands so that the upper edge of the bottle does not hit the seal 17 (see FIG. 1) of the Filling member is pressed, but is spaced apart. However, the mouth 19 of the steam supply pipe 12 is already inside the mouth 18 of the bottle. All valves 2 to 5 and 14 are closed. In the next step, steam valve 2 is first opened. As a result, hot steam flows into the bottle. The superheated steam reaches all areas of the bottle and escapes into the open through the gap between the mouth of the steam supply pipe and the bottle head. The mouth of the bottle is also sterilized from the outside and is therefore germ-free. This phase is therefore the sterilization phase. At the end of the sterilization phase, the steam valve 2 is closed. A pre-rinsing phase then follows, in which the bottle is rinsed with inert gas, namely CO₂. For this purpose, the CO₂ valve 4 is opened. The CO₂ also flows onto the steam supply pipe into the bottle, distributes itself evenly there, displaces the residual steam that is still there and in part passes through the distance between the upper edge of the bottle and the lower seal 17 on the filling element that is still present in this phase. When the CO₂ valve is open, the bottle is then moved against the seal 17 by lifting the lifting plate 22. This is shown by the arrow with the corresponding representation in the functional sequence. By further introducing the CO₂ with the CO₂ valve open, a back pressure now arises in the bottle, which ultimately leads to the filling valve 14 opening. This phase is called the pretension phase. When the filling valve 14 is opened, the return gas valve 5 is also opened and the CO₂ valve 4 is then closed. The filling phase now takes place, the liquid running into the bottle and 5 CO₂ being able to escape from the bottle through the return gas valve. The return gas valve can be used periodically to brake the filling process be opened and closed to slow the liquid ingress. When the desired fill level is reached, the fill valve 14 closes again. Then the load is relieved in a known manner by opening the return gas valve 5.

Nachfolgend kann durch Absenken des Hubtellers 22 um einen Teilhub die Flasche etwas von der Dichtung am Füllorgan abgesenkt werden, so daß zwischen oberem Rand der Flasche und der Dichtung ein Zwischenraum entsteht. Nun kann nocheinmal das C0₂-Ventil 4 geöffnet werden, so daß im Mündungsbereich eine CO₂-Atmosphäre geschaffen wird, die das Eindringen von Luft und damit eventuellen Keimen in das Flascheninnere verhindert.Subsequently, by lowering the lifting plate 22 by a partial stroke, the bottle can be lowered somewhat from the seal on the filling element, so that an intermediate space is created between the upper edge of the bottle and the seal. Now the C0₂ valve 4 can be opened again, so that a CO₂ atmosphere is created in the mouth area, which prevents the penetration of air and thus any germs into the bottle interior.

Nach Beendigung dieser Nachspülphase werden sämtliche Ventile geschlossen und die Flasche dann vom Füllventil vollständig abgezogen. Damit ist dann die Ausgangsposition wieder eingenommen und der Füllvorgang kann für die nächste Flasche entsprechend beginnen.After this rinsing phase has ended, all valves are closed and the bottle is then completely removed from the filling valve. The starting position is then taken up again and the filling process can begin accordingly for the next bottle.

Bei einer anderen, in der Figur 3 dargestellten Variante wird die Flasche in der Positionierphase bereits vollständig gegen das Füllorgan gepreßt, so daß also kein Abstand wie im ersten Beispiel zwischen oberem Flaschenrand und der Füllorgandichtung verbleibt. Es folgt dann als nächstes eine Vorevakuierungsphase, indem das Ventil 3 geöffnet wird. Dann erst wird die Sterilisationsphase durchgeführt. Hierzu wird das Vorevakuierungsventil 3 geschlossen und das Dampfventil 2 geöffnet. Nach dieser Sterilisationsphase kann sich erneut eine Evakuierungsphase anschließen, in der dann der Dampf durch Erzeugen eines Vakuums aus der Flasche entfernt wird. Danach schließt sich die Vorspannphase an. Hierzu wird das CO₂-Ventil geöffnet und es wird ein Überdruck in der Flasche erzeugt, der dann zum Öffnen des Füllventils führt, so daß dann in die Füllphase übergegangen wird. Die weiteren Schritte stimmen mit denjenigen überein, wie sie anhand der Figur 2 erläutert worden sind, für das dies hier nicht nocheinmal wiederholt zu werden braucht.In another variant, shown in FIG. 3, the bottle is already completely pressed against the filling element in the positioning phase, so that there is no distance between the upper edge of the bottle and the filling element seal, as in the first example. A pre-evacuation phase then follows, in which the valve 3 is opened. Only then is the sterilization phase carried out. For this purpose, the pre-evacuation valve 3 is closed and the steam valve 2 is opened. After this sterilization phase, an evacuation phase can follow, in which the vapor is then removed from the bottle by creating a vacuum. The preload phase then follows. For this the CO₂ valve is opened and an overpressure is generated in the bottle, which then leads to the opening of the filling valve, so that the filling phase is then entered. The further steps correspond to those as have been explained with reference to FIG. 2, for which this need not be repeated here.

Bei der Durchführung dieser verschiedenen Füllverfahren kann das in der Figur 1 gezeigte Füllventil verwendet werden. Wie man der Figur 1 entnehmen kann, sind die Ausgangsleitungen der einzelnen Ventile 2 bis 5 zu der Sammelleitung 10 zusammengefaßt, die ihrerseits in die Anschlußleitung 11 mündet. Mit anderen Worten heißt dies, daß die Ventile über eine einzige Leitung in das Dampfzuleitungsrohr 12 einmünden. Dies führt nicht nur zu einem einfachen Aufbau des Füllorgans, sondern hat auch zur Folge, daß in der Sterilisationsphase sämtliche Leitungen zu den einzelnen Ventilen hin ebenfalls mit Heißdampf sterilisiert werden. Dies führt zu einer hohen Keimfreiheit in dem gesamten Leitungssystem. Da das Produkt 16 oberhalb des Füllventils 13 in der dort vorhandenen Kammer 15 bei geschlossenem Füllventil 13 ansteht und da sich das Dampfzuleitungsrohr 12 durch diese Kammer 15 hindurch erstreckt, wird eine Teilmenge der abzufüllenden Flüssigkeit, nämlich diejenige, die zuerst in die Flasche einläuft, vorerwärmt, was einen Temperaturschock in der Flasche mit dem daraus eventuell resultierenden Flaschenbruch verhindern kann. Da außerdem die Produktflüssigkeit bei geöffnetem Füllventil den Außenmantel des Dampfzuleitungsrohrs umspült, erfolgt hierdurch eine noch weitere Erwärmung und es wird außerdem die Flasche vom Kopf her bereits durch an den Wänden direkt beim Eintritt in die Flasche entlanglaufende Produktflüssigkeit abgekühlt. Durch diesen kontinuierlich stattfindenden Vorgang wird ebenfalls ein Temperaturschock verhindert. Anders wäre dies, wenn die Produktflüssigkeit durch das Dampfzuleitungsrohr abgefüllt würde, weil dadurch ein unkontrolliertes Anströmen der Flaschenwandung und damit die Gefahr lokaler Spannungen größer würde.The filling valve shown in FIG. 1 can be used when carrying out these different filling processes. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the output lines of the individual valves 2 to 5 are combined to form the manifold 10, which in turn opens into the connecting line 11. In other words, this means that the valves open into the steam supply pipe 12 via a single line. This not only leads to a simple construction of the filling element, but also has the consequence that all lines to the individual valves are also sterilized with superheated steam in the sterilization phase. This leads to a high level of sterility in the entire pipe system. Since the product 16 is above the filling valve 13 in the chamber 15 present there when the filling valve 13 is closed, and since the steam supply pipe 12 extends through this chamber 15, a portion of the liquid to be filled, namely that which first enters the bottle, is preheated , which can prevent a temperature shock in the bottle with the resulting bottle breakage. Since, in addition, the product liquid flows around the outer jacket of the steam supply pipe when the filling valve is open, this results in further heating and the bottle is also cooled from the head by product liquid running along the walls as it enters the bottle. Through this continuously temperature shock is also prevented. This would be different if the product liquid were filled through the steam feed pipe, because this would increase the uncontrolled flow against the bottle wall and thus the risk of local stresses.

Das in Figur 4 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Figur 1 im wesentlichen dadurch, daß auf die Vorevakuierungsleitung 7 und das Vorevakuierventil 3 verzichtet worden ist und daß im Bereich der Dichtung 17, die Teil der nicht näher dargestellten Zentrierglocke ist, eine Kammer 22 ausgebildet ist,deren Funktion noch weiter erläutert werden wird. Die Kammer 22 steht in der in Figur 4 gezeigten Stellung mit der Entlastungsleitung 23 in Verbindung, die wiederum in die Rückgasleitung 9 mündet.The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4 differs from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 essentially in that the pre-evacuation line 7 and the pre-evacuation valve 3 have been dispensed with and that in the area of the seal 17, which is part of the centering bell (not shown in more detail), a chamber 22 is formed, the function of which will be explained in more detail. In the position shown in FIG. 4, the chamber 22 is connected to the relief line 23, which in turn opens into the return gas line 9.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Flasche in 2 Stufen gegen die Dichtung 17 in der Zentrierglocke gedrückt, wobei in der ersten Stufe nur erreicht werden soll, daß sich eine dichtende Anlage des Mündungskopfes der Flasche an der Zentrierglocke ergibt. Wenn dann nach der Sterilisationsphase der Dampf bei der nachfolgenden Spülphase mit CO₂ aus der Flasche gedrückt wird, kann der Dampf und auch das Kondensat in die Kammer 22 hinein und durch die Entlastungsleitung in die Rückgasleitung gedrängt werden, weil dann eine Durchflußverbindung zwischen dem Ringraum um das Dampfungszuleitungsrohr herum und der Kammer 22 und damit auch zur Entlastungsleitung 23 besteht. Nach Beendigung des Dampfausblasens in der Spülphase kann die Flasche in der zweiten Stufe weiter angehoben werden, wobei sich dann die Dichtung 17 nach oben bewegt und zwar derart, daß sie die Kammer 22 so weit volumenmäßig verringt bzw. ganz volumenmäßig einnimmt, daß keine Durchflußverbindung mehr zur Entlastungsleitung 23 besteht. Dann kann sich der Druck aufbauen. Bei dieser Art der Verfahrensführung ergeben sich zusammenhängend die folgenden Schritte:
Zunächst wird die Flasche bis in die in Figur 4 gezeigte Position gefahren, wo sie druckdicht am Füllorgan anliegt. Es kann dann umittelbar die Sterilisationsphase angeschlossen werden, wobei Dampf über die Dampfzuleitung 6 und das Dampfzuleitungsrohr in die Flasche eingeblasen wird. Das sich in der Flasche befindende Gas entweicht durch die Entlastungsleitung, weil die Kammer 22 diese Leitung öffnet. Danach kann sich die Vorspülphase anschließen, wobei Inertgas über die Leitung 8 unter Druck angeleitet wird. Dieses Inertgas drückt den Heißdampf und das Kondensat über dieselbe Entlastungsleitung in den Rückgaskanal 9. Dann wird die Flasche weiter angehoben, wobei sich die Dichtung 17 nach oben bewegt und die Entlastungsleitung und die Kammer 22 verschließt. Nun kann sich Gegendruck in der Flasche aufbauen, der dann letztlich in der bereits beschriebenen Weise zum Abheben des Füllventils 13 und damit zum Beginn der Füllphase führt. Die übrigen Phasen finden entsprechend dem zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel statt.
In this embodiment, the bottle is pressed in two stages against the seal 17 in the centering bell, the only aim in the first stage being that the mouth of the bottle seals against the centering bell. Then, after the sterilization phase, the steam is pressed out of the bottle with CO₂ in the subsequent rinsing phase, the steam and also the condensate can be forced into the chamber 22 and through the relief line into the return gas line, because then a flow connection between the annular space around it Steaming supply pipe around and the chamber 22 and thus also to the relief line 23. After the steam blowing in the rinsing phase has ended, the bottle can be raised further in the second stage, in which case the seal 17 moves upwards in such a way that it reduces the volume 22 or takes up the volume so far that there is no longer a flow connection to the relief line 23. Then the pressure can build up. With this type of procedure, the following steps are connected:
First, the bottle is moved to the position shown in FIG. 4, where it lies pressure-tight on the filling element. The sterilization phase can then be directly connected, steam being blown into the bottle via the steam feed line 6 and the steam feed pipe. The gas in the bottle escapes through the relief line because the chamber 22 opens this line. The pre-purge phase can then follow, with inert gas being passed under pressure via line 8. This inert gas presses the superheated steam and the condensate into the return gas channel 9 via the same relief line. The bottle is then raised further, the seal 17 moving upward and closing the relief line and the chamber 22. Now counterpressure can build up in the bottle, which ultimately leads to the lifting of the filling valve 13 and thus to the beginning of the filling phase in the manner already described. The remaining phases take place according to the previously described embodiment.

In konkreter Weise läßt sich der Mündungsbereich des Füllorgans wie in den Figuren 5 und 6 dargestellt ausgestalten. Wie zu sehen ist, ist am unteren Bereich des Füllorgans ein Bodenstück 24 angebracht, das einen Ansatz 25 aufweist, der zur Führung der Zentrierglocke 26 dient. Die Zentrierglocke 26 ist gegenüber dem Ansatz 25 gegen die Kraft einer Feder 27 höhenbeweglich gelagert. Des weiteren besitzt die Zentrierglocke eine Verschließfläche 28, die der Mündung 29 der Entlastungsleitung 23 zugeordnet ist. In der Figur 5 ist diejenige Stellung gezeigt, die die Zentrierglocke während der Sterilisationsphase einnimmt. Es ist zu erkennen, daß eine Durchflußverbindung von der Kammer 22 zum Flascheninnenraum einerseits und zur Entlastungsleitung 23 andererseits besteht. Der eingeleitete Dampf kann also bereits während der Sterilisationsphase durch diese Entlastungsleitung gezielt gesammelt und an eine gewünschte Stellung über die Entlastungs- bzw. Rückgasleitung transportiert werden. Die Führung der Zentrierglocke gegenüber dem Ansatz 25 am Bodenstück 24 erfolgt unter Einschluß einer leicht gängigen Dichtung 30, die verhindert, daß der Dampf in dem Spalt zwischen Zentrierglocke und Ansatz entweichen kann.The mouth region of the filling element can be designed in a concrete manner as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. As can be seen, a bottom piece 24 is attached to the lower region of the filling element, which has a projection 25 which serves to guide the centering bell 26. The centering bell 26 is mounted so that it can move vertically against the projection 25 against the force of a spring 27. Furthermore, the centering bell has a closing surface 28, which corresponds to the mouth 29 of the relief line 23 assigned. FIG. 5 shows the position that the centering bell assumes during the sterilization phase. It can be seen that there is a flow connection from the chamber 22 to the bottle interior on the one hand and to the relief line 23 on the other. The introduced steam can thus be collected specifically through this relief line during the sterilization phase and transported to a desired position via the relief or return gas line. The centering bell is guided relative to the shoulder 25 on the base piece 24 with the inclusion of a smooth seal 30 which prevents the steam from escaping in the gap between the centering bell and the shoulder.

Es versteht sich, daß im Unterschied zu der in der Figur 4 dargestellten Variante die Entlastungsleitung 23 nicht unbedingt in den Rückgaskanal 9 münden muß. Es ist ohne weiteres auch möglich, die Leitung 23 über ein separat ansteuerbares Ventil unmittelbar ins Freie zu führen oder auch an ein Vakuum wahlweise anzuschließen, um so beispielsweise Spülgas, Dampf oder auch Kondensat abführen zu können.It goes without saying that, in contrast to the variant shown in FIG. 4, the relief line 23 does not necessarily have to open into the return gas duct 9. It is also easily possible to lead the line 23 directly to the outside via a separately controllable valve or alternatively to connect it to a vacuum in order to be able to discharge purge gas, steam or even condensate.

Beim weiteren Anheben der Flasche wird die Stellung eingenommen, die schließlich in der Figur 6 zu sehen ist. Die Verschließfläche 28 schließt dabei die Mündung der Entlastungsleitung 23 ab, so daß nun keine Verbindung zwischen Flascheninnenraum und Entlastungsleitung besteht. In dieser Phase wird dann der Füllvorgang durchgeführt.When the bottle is raised further, the position which is finally shown in FIG. 6 is assumed. The closing surface 28 closes the mouth of the relief line 23, so that there is now no connection between the bottle interior and the relief line. The filling process is then carried out in this phase.

Es sei schließlich noch darauf hingewiesen, daß das Dampfzuleitungsrohr durch den mittigen Verlauf der Sonde 21 durch dieses Rohr hindurch in der Art einer Ringdüse ausgebildet ist, die einschnürend auf den Dampfstrahl wirkt, was zur Folge hat, daß der Dampfstrahl gezielt zum Flaschenboden gerichtet werden kann. Schließlich ist in der Figur 6 noch ein Umlenkkörper 31 zu erkennen, der am Außenmantel des Dampfzuleitungsrohres angeordnet ist und der die Aufgabe hat, den Flüssigkeitsstrom in der Füllphase entlang des dargestellten Pfeiles in der Figur 6 an die Innenwandung der Mündung der angedrückten Flasche zu lenken, was dann in der bereits geschilderten Weise zu einem Entlangfließen des Flüssigkeitsstroms an der Innenwandung der Flasche führt.Finally, it should be pointed out that the steam supply pipe through the central course of the probe 21 through this pipe in the manner of an annular nozzle is formed, which has a constricting effect on the steam jet, with the result that the steam jet can be directed specifically toward the bottom of the bottle. Finally, FIG. 6 also shows a deflecting body 31 which is arranged on the outer jacket of the steam supply pipe and which has the task of directing the liquid flow in the filling phase along the arrow shown in FIG. 6 to the inner wall of the mouth of the pressed-on bottle, which then leads in the manner already described to a flow of the liquid flow along the inner wall of the bottle.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Füllorgan und mit den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensschritten läßt sich ein steriles Abfüllen nicht nur von Flaschen, sondern auch von Dosen oder anderen Behältern in einfacher und effizienter Weise durchführen, ohne daß mit einem Langrohr gearbeitet werden muß und ohne daß die sonst bei bekannten, zu diesem Zweck des sterilen Abfüllens verwendeten Kurzrohrfüllern in Kauf zu nehmenden Nachteile auftreten.With the filling element according to the invention and with the method steps according to the invention, a sterile filling not only of bottles, but also of cans or other containers can be carried out in a simple and efficient manner without having to work with a long tube and without the otherwise known ones Short tube fillers used for this purpose of sterile filling have to be accepted disadvantages.

Die beschriebenen Verfahren und das zugehörige Füllventil mit einem Dampfzuleitungsrohr können auch bei einem Füllorgan mit einer entlang dem Füllstutzen gesteuert verschiebbar geführten Zentrierdichtung eingesetzt werden, wobei das Dampfzuleitungsrohr verschiebbar im Füllventil gelagert und über einen Steg mit der Zentrierdichtung verbunden sein kann. In diesem Fall kann auf höhenbewegliche Hubteiler zugunsten von höhenfesten Standflächen verzichtet werden. Diese Ausführung ist insbesondere bei Dosen besonders vorteilhaft, da hier der Füllspiegel üblicherweise dicht am oberen Dosenrand liegt.The described methods and the associated filling valve with a steam supply pipe can also be used in a filling device with a centering seal guided displaceably along the filler neck, the steam supply pipe being displaceably mounted in the filling valve and connected to the centering seal via a web. In this case, height-adjustable lift dividers can be dispensed with in favor of height-fixed standing surfaces. This version is particularly advantageous in the case of cans, since here the filling level is usually close to the upper edge of the can.

Claims (23)

  1. Method for the sterile pouring of beverage liquids into bottles or the like, wherein at least the following steps are performed:
    a) the bottles are moved by a vertical lifting movement from below towards a filling member (1), wherein a steam supply pipe (12) arranged on the filling member comes to lie with its mouth (19) in the mouth region inside the bottle (positioning stage);
    b) steam is introduced through the steam supply pipe (12) into the bottle for sterilization of the bottle, flowing downwardly in a relatively clearly defined and directed jet (sterilization stage);
    c) the bottle is pretensioned with inert tensioning gas introduced through the steam supply pipe into the bottle (pretensioning stage);
    d) the beverage liquid is poured into the bottle, flowing around the outer wall of the steam supply pipe (12), wherein at the same time the tensioning gas is conducted away through the steam supply pipe during the filling process (filling stage);
    e) after reaching the desired level, the bottle is pulled off the filling member (1) downwardly by lowering (pull-off stage).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the bottle in the positioning stage is lifted to just below the filling member (1) without pressing against the filling member, and in that then the sterilisation stage is carried out.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that between the sterilisation stage and the pretensioning stage the bottle is preflushed with the tensioning gas introduced through the steam supply pipe (12) (preflushing stage).
  4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the bottle before the pretensioning stage is pressed pressure-tightly against a seal on the filling member (1).
  5. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the bottle in the positioning stage is pressed against a seal (17) on the filling member (1).
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that between the positioning stage and the sterilisation stage, preevacuation of the bottle is carried out, wherein the preliminary vacuum is produced via the steam supply pipe (12) (preevacuation stage).
  7. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that between the sterilisation stage and the pretensioning stage, preevacuation of the bottle is carried out, wherein the preliminary vacuum is produced via the steam supply pipe (12) (preevacuation stage II).
  8. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that after the sterilisation stage, a preflushing stage with tensioning gas introduced through the steam supply pipe (12) is carried out and in that during the preflushing stage the steam and the condensate are blown out through a pressure relief pipe (23) which in this preflushing stage is opened towards the bottle mouth (19).
  9. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that at the end of the preflushing stage, the pressure relief pipe (23) is closed.
  10. Method according to claim 9, characterised in that the pressure relief pipe (23) is sealed by a lifting movement of the bottle.
  11. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the bottle in the pull-off stage is initially only partially pulled off the filling member (1), in that then flushing of the mouth region (20) of the bottle takes place by blowing with inert tensioning gas which is conducted through the steam supply pipe and in that thereafter the bottle is pulled completely off the filling member.
  12. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the steam is introduced at the upper end of the steam supply pipe which passes through the liquid valve in the filling member (1).
  13. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the filling stage the liquid is guided by a deflector member (31), which is mounted over the bottle mouth, onto the inner walls of the bottle head.
  14. Filling machine with at least one filling member for carrying out the method according to claim 1,
    - with a liquid valve (14),
    - with a supply pipe for the liquid to be bottled,
    - with a supply pipe for inert tensioning gas and
    - with a device for the supply of steam via a steam inlet pipe (6) to a steam supply pipe (12) which passes through the liquid valve (14) and a chamber (15) which is located above the liquid valve (14) and admits liquid even when the liquid valve is closed and which, when a bottle is pressed against a seal (17) on the filling member (1), ends with its mouth region (19) in the bottle neck, wherein the supply pipe for the inert tensioning gas and the supply pipe for steam are connected to the steam supply pipe above the liquid valve.
  15. Device according to claim 14, characterised in that the supply pipe for the inert tensioning gas, the supply pipe for vacuum as well as the supply pipe for steam open into a common connecting pipe (11) which leads into the steam supply pipe (12).
  16. Device according to claim 14 or 15, characterised in that the return gas which is displaced from the bottle during filling is conducted through the connecting pipe (11) and a return gas valve connected thereto.
  17. Device according to any of claims 14 to 16, characterised in that after reaching a predetermined filling level in the bottle, a pressure reduction to atmospheric pressure takes place through the steam supply pipe (12).
  18. Device according to any of claims 14 to 17, characterised in that the mouth opening (19) of the steam supply pipe (12) ends above a predetermined filling level in the bottle.
  19. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the seal forms part of a vertically movable centring bell (26).
  20. Device according to claim 19, characterised in that the centring bell (26) in a first position forms a chamber (22) which is located above the bottle mouth and into which opens a pressure relief pipe (23).
  21. Device according to claim 20, characterised in that the centring bell (26) in a second position seals the mouth opening (29) of the pressure relief pipe (23).
  22. Device according to any of claims 14 to 21, characterised in that on the outer wall of the steam supply pipe is arranged a deflector body (31) which guides the liquid stream towards the inner wall of the bottle head.
  23. Device according to any of claims 14 to 22, characterised in that the steam supply pipe (12) at least in the mouth region towards the bottle is constructed as a ring nozzle.
EP91909814A 1990-06-06 1991-05-22 Process and device for sterile bottling of beverages Expired - Lifetime EP0531358B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4018122 1990-06-06
DE4018122 1990-06-06
DE4036290 1990-11-14
DE4036290A DE4036290A1 (en) 1990-06-06 1990-11-14 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STERILY FILLING BEVERAGE LIQUIDS
PCT/EP1991/000953 WO1991018823A1 (en) 1990-06-06 1991-05-22 Process and device for sterile bottling of beverages

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0531358A1 EP0531358A1 (en) 1993-03-17
EP0531358B1 true EP0531358B1 (en) 1995-02-22

Family

ID=25893896

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91909814A Expired - Lifetime EP0531358B1 (en) 1990-06-06 1991-05-22 Process and device for sterile bottling of beverages

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US5558135A (en)
EP (1) EP0531358B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2554221B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE118752T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9106513A (en)
CA (1) CA2084784A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4036290A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2068584T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1991018823A1 (en)

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ITMI20130698A1 (en) * 2013-04-29 2014-10-30 Ocme Srl VALVE AND METHOD FOR THE DELIVERY OF A COMPACT FLUID FLOW FOR A FILLING MACHINE
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BR112016022751A2 (en) * 2014-04-10 2017-10-10 Sergei Aleksandrovich Buchik device for the manual dispensing of frothed and carbonated drinks
US10464796B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2019-11-05 Codi Manufacturing, Inc. Modulated pressure control of beer fill flow
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2084784A1 (en) 1991-12-07
BR9106513A (en) 1993-05-25
JPH05507053A (en) 1993-10-14
WO1991018823A1 (en) 1991-12-12
ES2068584T3 (en) 1995-04-16
JP2554221B2 (en) 1996-11-13
DE59104718D1 (en) 1995-03-30
ATE118752T1 (en) 1995-03-15
US5558135A (en) 1996-09-24
EP0531358A1 (en) 1993-03-17
DE4036290A1 (en) 1991-12-12

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