EP0530405A1 - Reinigungsverfahren und Vorrichtung für gebrauchte Behälter mit Vakuumverdampfung - Google Patents

Reinigungsverfahren und Vorrichtung für gebrauchte Behälter mit Vakuumverdampfung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0530405A1
EP0530405A1 EP91202182A EP91202182A EP0530405A1 EP 0530405 A1 EP0530405 A1 EP 0530405A1 EP 91202182 A EP91202182 A EP 91202182A EP 91202182 A EP91202182 A EP 91202182A EP 0530405 A1 EP0530405 A1 EP 0530405A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drums
vacuum
process according
containers
drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91202182A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dirk Jan Blonk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MICON HOLDING BV
Original Assignee
MICON HOLDING BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MICON HOLDING BV filed Critical MICON HOLDING BV
Priority to EP91202182A priority Critical patent/EP0530405A1/de
Publication of EP0530405A1 publication Critical patent/EP0530405A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0064—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes
    • B08B7/0071—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by heating
    • B08B7/0085—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by heating by pyrolysis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
    • B08B9/0821—Handling or manipulating containers, e.g. moving or rotating containers in cleaning devices, conveying to or from cleaning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2220/00—Type of materials or objects being removed
    • B08B2220/04—Polymers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for cleaning used containers by vacuum evaporation as well as apparatus designed therefor.
  • the invention especially relates to the cleaning of used containers to make them suitable for reuse without burdening the environment.
  • Containers or drums are used on a large scale as packaging material for various purposes, e.g. for solvents, raw materials for polymers and various chemicals etc. After use these containers may be prepared by the user or reconditioner for reuse, because this is attractable for protecting the environment by reducing the quantity of material to be destroyed.
  • a method for cleaning used containers is based on using vacuum, recovery of the container possibly by applying an interior coating, whereafter by sealing, a leakage test and painting the container again can be used.
  • the rinse liquids used for this cleaning are during cleaning decontaminated with chemical compounds. Thus, processing of these liquids compatible with environmental requirements is necessary before they are disposed, which, however, is difficult and costly.
  • the invention especially relates to the cleaning of used metal drums which may contain contaminants of various types, which, however, are all damaging for the environment when they are disposed therein.
  • the invention also comprises the treatment of drums and containers etc. containing PCB-containing materials, which also comprises addition to such drums of materials of which it is known that they contain PCB's in damaging quantities, to convert the PCB's in materials which are not dangerous for the environment or materials which are ready for reuse.
  • the invention is based on the fact that by subjecting the drums or containers etc. to a rotation movement and to heat them totally it is possible to reach a fast and thorough removal of contaminants which are present on and in the walls of the drums or containers etc.. By the rotating movement new surface film layers are continually exposed which evaporate relatively quickly by the heating applied. Thus, the treatment can take place quickly so that a large production, number of drums per hour, is possible. The drums treated, possibly after they have been repaired, can be again commercialized as such.
  • the combined vacuum, rotation and heating treatment preferably is carried out only after the air and gas present in the drum or container etc. are removed by drawing off. Thus, the risk of fire explosion etc. by contact with oxygen with the evaporated chemicals is prevented.
  • the drums are in total heated in such a way that the walls (including the bottom and top) of the drum or container are thoroughly heated. This can be carried out in any suitable way, e.g. by infrared radiation or open steam.
  • the heating preferably is carried out by generating eddy currents in the walls of the drum or container.
  • an induction coil is arranged wherein a HF-current is caused to flow. Then there are created eddy currents in the conducting material by which the total drum is heated. Suitable frequencies are 10-40 KHz.
  • the temperature and duration of the treatment are chosen dependent on the used and contaminated drums to be treated and they may vary from short treatments at low temperatures, of several seconds and tens of degrees to minutes and hundreds of degrees and still higher.
  • a temperature of about 10°C at a several minutes treatment time is sufficient, while for naphtalene the temperature should be at least 100°C.
  • the temperatures may rise to 300-600°C.
  • the time and temperature are mutually dependent; at higher temperatures shorter times are possible.
  • the upper limit of the temperature in fact is determined by the melting point of the drums etc.; the lower limit by the boiling point of the component which during the vacuum treatment is the most difficult to remove.
  • the rotation velocity should be sufficient to rebuild in combination with the evaporation velocity continually new films which evaporate quickly.
  • velocities of 20-60 revolutions per minute are sufficient for most drums and containers.
  • the type of contamination is of influence and for high viscous contaminants higher rotations are desirable.
  • the treatment as described is mostly carried out at a pressure which is as low as possible to further the withdrawal of the contaminants from the walls of the drums and containers.
  • the choice of the underpressure thereby depends on the contaminants to be removed from the drums, as well as the temperature and the duration, but, generally, the vacuum treatment takes place at a lower pressure starting from 900-700 to 100-200 mbar and even lower.
  • the vacuum treatment often can be distinguished in a pretreatment and a main treatment. In the pretreatment the drums or containers etc., after they have been introduced in the vacuum chamber are opened, evacuated without heating and without rotation, to remove the air and other gases from the drum. The pressure thereby is reduced to a value which is meant for the main treatment, whereafter one switches to the main treatment by starting rotation and heating.
  • the removed gases are carried through a condensor in the vacuum line wherein first cleaning takes place. Thereafter the vapour is carried through a second condensor at detoxic pressure for a second removal, whereafter finally the residual gases, after passing through coal filters or other filters, are disposed, without burdening the environment in any way.
  • the invention is especially advantageous for the treatment of drums and containers with contaminants containing PCB's, of which it is known that they are difficult to dispose and may give rise to the formation of dioxins. It has been found that at temperatures in the area of 300 to 400°C and higher the chlorine groups of the PCB's are cleaved and in the "cracked" products HCl, Cl2, bifenyl and other compounds have been demonstrated. HCl and Cl2 can separately be caught or separated. The remaining materials can be used as such as fuel materials or for other purposes without this having a disadvantageous effect on the environment.
  • this cleavage effect may be used by filling the drum to be treated partly with materials of which it is known that they are contaminated with PCB's, such as cooling oils and isolation oils of used transformers and capacitors. The duration of the treatment will then be longer and may amount to several hours. It is possible to add other materials furthering this "codestillation", especially when there are consistently mixed contaminants in the drums.
  • the process according to the invention generally has the advantage that it can be carried out at location. Thus, there is no necessity of transport of contaminated drums to a central plant.
  • the contaminated drums are stored and locally treated after a certain time periode or when there is a certain amount gathered. It is an advantage of the apparatus that it can be made transportable.
  • drums and containers may be rotated lengthwise in horizontal position.
  • V.D. indicate the evaporator, V.C. the vacuum condensor, V.P. the vacuum pump, A.C. the perennialic condensor, Afsch. the liquid separator and A.K.F. the regenerable coal filters.
  • the thick arrow relates to the air-with-gas flow, the double arrow to the liquid flow and the open arrow to the filtered air flow.
  • A the drawing off part
  • Drum 8 is drawn empty. The gases are carried away through the active coal filter and the liquid Is caught in the reservoir E.
  • the left hand side exists of an evaporation part B, a condensation part C and an air cleaning part D.
  • the coal filters are mutually in connection with the vacuum pump for regeneration (arrow 6).
  • FIG 3 an embodiment of the apparatus of the invention is indicated.
  • This comprises a lifting cylinder 10 by which the drum to be cleaned can be lifted to the exact height.
  • the lifting cylinder 10 is part of the load- and unload system 11 which is arranged on a frame 12 and is transportable thereon.
  • the drum 8 is taken up in the transport cylinder 13 which may move in the direction of the arrows 14.
  • This cylinder is provided with a high frequency coil 15 which is arranged around the circumference.
  • the drum rests on carriers 16 in the cylinder 13.
  • the vacuum stove 17 is provided with a vacuum pump connection 10.
  • In the stove 17 there are further a thermostat 19, which is connected to a condensor. Hereby cooling water is circulated, line 21.
  • the heating took about 11 ⁇ 2 minute, the power input amounting to 20 KW (with the aid of a 100% transformer).
  • the temperature of the wall of the drum then was 30 to 40°C.
  • the frequency used for the heating was 10 KHz.
  • the greater part of the toluene removed was trapped in the vacuum condensor (10 seconds still drawing).
  • the drum was ready for reduce after possible recovery treatments (removal of rust, removal of dents, putting on weld line) and an aftertreatment (internal coating, putting in sealing, leakage test, painting) (final value several dpm toluene).
  • the process of the invention after the air removal step is carried out at increased temperatures to about 500-700°C to carbonize the solid materials.
  • the drums can be processed without problems, for instance by melting in a blast-furnace.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
EP91202182A 1991-08-28 1991-08-28 Reinigungsverfahren und Vorrichtung für gebrauchte Behälter mit Vakuumverdampfung Withdrawn EP0530405A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91202182A EP0530405A1 (de) 1991-08-28 1991-08-28 Reinigungsverfahren und Vorrichtung für gebrauchte Behälter mit Vakuumverdampfung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91202182A EP0530405A1 (de) 1991-08-28 1991-08-28 Reinigungsverfahren und Vorrichtung für gebrauchte Behälter mit Vakuumverdampfung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0530405A1 true EP0530405A1 (de) 1993-03-10

Family

ID=8207842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91202182A Withdrawn EP0530405A1 (de) 1991-08-28 1991-08-28 Reinigungsverfahren und Vorrichtung für gebrauchte Behälter mit Vakuumverdampfung

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0530405A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995016807A1 (en) * 1993-12-18 1995-06-22 Consarc Engineering Ltd De-oiling method
CN107159649A (zh) * 2017-06-27 2017-09-15 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 带废气处理的真空清洗装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1916786U (de) * 1964-11-25 1965-05-26 Schering Ag Vorrichtung zur trocknung galvanisch behandelter massenteile im vakuum.
US4057438A (en) * 1974-05-31 1977-11-08 Mainord Kenneth R Method for high temperature cleaning
US4141373A (en) * 1977-09-28 1979-02-27 Rjr Archer, Inc. Method for deoiling metal scrap
DE3311749A1 (de) * 1983-03-31 1984-10-11 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 4200 Oberhausen Anlage zum beseitigen von in faessern oder anderen gebinden vorhandenen rueckstaenden durch ausbrennen
DE3725330A1 (de) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum reinigen von vergiessanlagen fuer kunstharze und von sonstigen mit loesungsmittel- und kunstharzrueckstaenden behafteten anlagen und elementen
DE3923685A1 (de) * 1989-07-18 1991-01-24 Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag Verfahren zum reinigen von gegenstaenden
NL9000314A (nl) * 1990-02-09 1991-09-02 Dirk Jan Blonk Werkwijze en inrichting voor het reinigen van gebruikte vaten door vacuumverdamping.

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1916786U (de) * 1964-11-25 1965-05-26 Schering Ag Vorrichtung zur trocknung galvanisch behandelter massenteile im vakuum.
US4057438A (en) * 1974-05-31 1977-11-08 Mainord Kenneth R Method for high temperature cleaning
US4141373A (en) * 1977-09-28 1979-02-27 Rjr Archer, Inc. Method for deoiling metal scrap
DE3311749A1 (de) * 1983-03-31 1984-10-11 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 4200 Oberhausen Anlage zum beseitigen von in faessern oder anderen gebinden vorhandenen rueckstaenden durch ausbrennen
DE3725330A1 (de) * 1987-07-30 1989-02-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum reinigen von vergiessanlagen fuer kunstharze und von sonstigen mit loesungsmittel- und kunstharzrueckstaenden behafteten anlagen und elementen
DE3923685A1 (de) * 1989-07-18 1991-01-24 Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag Verfahren zum reinigen von gegenstaenden
NL9000314A (nl) * 1990-02-09 1991-09-02 Dirk Jan Blonk Werkwijze en inrichting voor het reinigen van gebruikte vaten door vacuumverdamping.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995016807A1 (en) * 1993-12-18 1995-06-22 Consarc Engineering Ltd De-oiling method
US5925194A (en) * 1993-12-18 1999-07-20 Consarc Engineering Limited De-oiling method
CN107159649A (zh) * 2017-06-27 2017-09-15 江苏鑫龙化纤机械有限公司 带废气处理的真空清洗装置

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