EP0529135B1 - Rotor for impact crushers or hammer mills - Google Patents
Rotor for impact crushers or hammer mills Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0529135B1 EP0529135B1 EP91114578A EP91114578A EP0529135B1 EP 0529135 B1 EP0529135 B1 EP 0529135B1 EP 91114578 A EP91114578 A EP 91114578A EP 91114578 A EP91114578 A EP 91114578A EP 0529135 B1 EP0529135 B1 EP 0529135B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- rotor discs
- naves
- grooves
- another
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C13/2804—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements being rigidly connected to the rotor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C2013/2808—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements are attached to disks mounted on a shaft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rotor for impact or hammer mills, which consists of a plurality of welded rotor disks made of cast steel, which have widened, mutually contacting hubs, and in which the rotor disks are welded to one another by ring weld seams on the outer edges of their hubs, and a method for producing them of such a rotor.
- Such a rotor is the subject of the European patent application corresponding to EP-A-0 444 432, which was published on September 4, 1991 and from which the present invention is based as the closest prior art.
- the contacting end faces of the hubs of the rotor have, on their outer edges, customary, low-height bores that are filled with welding material.
- To facilitate the manufacture of the rotor provision is made to center the rotor disks against one another by means of dowel pins inserted into the hubs, which limits the depth of the bores and thus the strength of the weld seams very much. There have been considerable doubts about the durability of such rotors.
- the object of the invention is to reinforce the welded connections of adjacent rotor disks.
- a rotor is known (DE-C1-33 17 070), in which ring-shaped rotor disks are welded with their inner edge onto a drum serving as an axis.
- two weld seams have to be produced for each ring disk, while in the inventive design of the rotor, each ring weld seam connects two adjacent rotor disks to one another. This creates a stable rotor body that e.g. does not need to be guided on a shaft over its entire length, but can only be supported on the shaft at its two ends, so that a more precise unscrewing of the rotor disks is only partially necessary at the two end disks.
- FR-A-2 314 996 and FR-A-2 356 472. are turbine rollers that rotate more or less at high speed, depending on the design. Dynamic forces only appear as uniform impulses acting on the turbine blades (not shown), which cannot be compared with the dynamic forces as a result of the irregular ones Crushing work occurring in the case of rotors for impact or hammer mills.
- FR-A-2 314 996 also shows no hubs which could be welded together on the end faces. If you disregard the turbine blades, which are not shown, the rotor disks are themselves connected to one another at their outer edges by ring weld seams.
- the welding beads run over the circumference of the discs, which leads to high consumption of welding material and high personnel costs.
- the disks are welded directly to one another, annular beads being provided on the outer circumference of the facing disk sides, the radial thickness of which corresponds to the required weld seam height.
- the welding seams which may be of considerable thickness, can be produced in various ways.
- the most advantageous way of doing this is that the weld seams are formed from a plurality of layers laid one on top of the other.
- the rotor disks which are centered in relation to one another in the circumferential direction and braced with one another, are rotated slowly and repeatedly in the horizontal axis position under the fixed welding machines reaching up to the hubs or reaching between the aforementioned turns, so that, basically, the grooves formed by two turns each starting with one weld over the other until the grooves are filled with welding material. This can be done simultaneously in the presence of a number of welding devices corresponding to the number of slots in all slots of a rotor.
- the welding machines are equipped with an automatic welding wire feeder and they are automatically reset by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the welding layers after each rotor revolution, the welding seams can be carried out with a minimum of manpower and time be produced, although the number of layers for large rotors 50 and more and the length of the weld seams created in the individual grooves can be about 100 meters.
- the depth of the grooves must of course be selected so that annular ribs with corresponding end faces remain on the hubs, with which the adjacent hubs lie against one another when the rotor disks are clamped together.
- These ribs may melt away during the welding process, so that the hubs, if the ribs are provided near the inner edges of the end faces, may then be welded together over the entire end face.
- the rotor disks must, of course, be centered exactly with one another, but also aligned with one another in the circumferential direction, so that the edge cutouts provided in the rotor disks are exactly aligned with one another. Since the clamping takes place after laying the rotor disks in a horizontal position, but the welding must be carried out with the rotor disks arranged vertically, i.e. with the rotor axis horizontal, the tightened rotor disks must be moved from one position to the other.
- ring disks can be inserted into all cylindrical recesses of the hubs and the rotor disks provided with the ring disks can be pushed onto a tube that later also used to carry the unit consisting of the rotor disks temporarily connected to one another.
- the cylindrical bores can also be chosen so narrow and the washers so wide that they engage in the bores of two adjacent rotor disks and thus center them directly in relation to one another.
- the rotor disks are placed one on top of the other with the interposition of an annular disk and then aligned with one another in the circumferential direction by rotating around the annular disks.
- the hubs of the rotor disks are connected to one another not only from the outside but also from the inside with a ring weld seam, however, which is only simple or consists of only a few layers.
- the hubs are also provided with small bores which are to be provided within the annular ribs.
- the annular disks are removed through the welding points attached to the bottom of the weld seam grooves in accordance with step c), the inner annular disks having to be destroyed, and the ring weld seams are created by hand. Then the two outer ring disks, which are preferably chosen to be stronger than the inner ones, are reinserted into the two outer rotor disks. Then operations d) and e) follow.
- the mass of the rotor disks to be connected to one another is large and therefore a strong heat dissipation takes place during welding, it is advantageous to preheat the rotor disks before temporarily connecting them, e.g. For example, in a preheating furnace and the interconnected rotor disks in total before the final welds are made to an elevated temperature of about 125 to 250 ° C preheat and maintain this temperature throughout the welding process. This can be done with the help of flame tubes.
- the rotor disks 1 are provided with bores 17 on the end faces of their hubs 3 in order to enlarge the weld seams 9. They leave annular ribs 18 with the end faces of the adjacent rotor disks. After the welding process, the weld grooves 16 are filled with the welding material forming the weld seams 9.
- the rotor disks 1 are aligned with the ring ribs 18 one on top of the other and in the circumferential direction.
- the centering takes place with the aid of ring disks 20, 21 which are inserted into cylindrical recesses 22 of the hubs 3, and a tube 23 onto which the rotor disks 1 with the ring disks 20, 21 are pushed and on which they are aligned with one another by rotating in the circumferential direction , so that the edge cutouts 12 provided on the rotor disks are aligned with one another.
- the tube 23 is brought into a rotationally fixed connection with the outer rotor disks 1 via the driver 24.
- the rotor disks 1 are provisionally connected to one another by welding points 25 which are basically arranged on the weld groove 16. If necessary, after the provisional connection of the rotor disks 1 through the welding spots 25 and after removal of the tube 23 and the ring disks 20, 21 (the inner ring disks 21 having to be destroyed), ring weld seams 26 on the inner butt welds of the hubs 3 within the ring ribs 18 can also be made be attached. The tube 23 can be pushed back into the two outer ring disks 20 after reinserting them. This situation is shown in the figure. The washers 21 are only shown in broken lines here because they have already been removed at this stage of assembly.
- ring disks 21 are chosen so wide for centering and alignment in the circumferential direction that they engage in the recesses 22 of two adjacent rotor disks 1.
- the rotor disks are provisionally connected from the inside in the area of the edge cutouts provided for this purpose in the ring disks by welding spots.
- the aforementioned ring welds 26 attached to the inner butt welds of the hubs 3. Only then is the tube 23 inserted into the outer ring disks that have been used in the meantime.
- the interconnected rotor disks 1 are then pivoted into a horizontal axial position and applied to a welding system which has a frame 27 which is provided with two pairs of rollers 28, on which the tube 23 projects with its over the rotor disks 1 Hang up ends.
- the pairs of rollers can be driven.
- Extending over the unit on the frame 27 from the rotor disks 1 which are provisionally connected to one another is an arm 29 which is attached to the part 27 and on which welding devices 30 are arranged.
- the unit consisting of the rotor disks 1 is slowly rotated, starting from the base of which, in the weld seam grooves 16, weld layers are placed one above the other in several or even many turns until the weld groove grooves 16 are filled with welding material, the welding devices 30 being raised accordingly little by little become.
- the tube 23 and the washers 20 and 21 are removed from the finished rotor body thus produced and this is provided with a shaft and the other parts, such as with the blow bars.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Rotor für Prall- oder Hammermühlen, der aus mehreren miteinander verschweißten Rotorscheiben aus Stahlguß besteht, die verbreiterte, einander berührende Naben aufweisen, und bei dem die Rotorscheiben durch Ringschweißnähte an den Außenkanten ihrer Naben miteinander verschweißt sind, und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Rotors.The invention relates to a rotor for impact or hammer mills, which consists of a plurality of welded rotor disks made of cast steel, which have widened, mutually contacting hubs, and in which the rotor disks are welded to one another by ring weld seams on the outer edges of their hubs, and a method for producing them of such a rotor.
Ein derartiger Rotor ist Gegenstand der europäischen Patentanmeldung entsprechend EP-A-0 444 432, die am 04.09.1991 veröffentlicht worden ist und von der die vorliegende Erfindung als nächstliegender Stand der Technik ausgeht. Die sich berührenden Stirnflächen der Naben des Rotors weisen an ihren Außenkanten übliche Ausdrehungen geringer Höhe auf, die mit Schweißmaterial gefüllt sind. Zur Erleichterung der Herstellung des Rotors ist vorgesehen, die Rotorscheiben durch in die Naben eingesetzte Paßstifte gegeneinander zu zentrieren, was die Tiefe der Ausdrehungen und somit die Stärke der Schweißnähte sehr beschränkt. Erhebliche Zweifel an der Haltbarkeit derartig hergestellter Rotore sind aufgekommen. Insbesondere bei großen Rotoren, wie sie bei Primärbrechern verwendet werden, können die an den Außenkanten der Stirnflächen der Naben vorgesehenen Ringschweißnähte im Hinblick auf die im Betrieb solcher Brecher auftretenden Schlag- und Stoßbeanspruchungen nicht die notwendige Festigkeit aufweisen.Such a rotor is the subject of the European patent application corresponding to EP-A-0 444 432, which was published on September 4, 1991 and from which the present invention is based as the closest prior art. The contacting end faces of the hubs of the rotor have, on their outer edges, customary, low-height bores that are filled with welding material. To facilitate the manufacture of the rotor, provision is made to center the rotor disks against one another by means of dowel pins inserted into the hubs, which limits the depth of the bores and thus the strength of the weld seams very much. There have been considerable doubts about the durability of such rotors. Particularly in the case of large rotors, such as those used in primary crushers, the ring weld seams provided on the outer edges of the end faces of the hubs cannot have the necessary strength with regard to the impact and impact stresses which occur during the operation of such crushers.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Schweißverbindungen jeweils benachbarter Rotorscheiben zu verstärken.The object of the invention is to reinforce the welded connections of adjacent rotor disks.
Das geschieht erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß die für die Schweißnähte an den Stirnflächen der Naben vorgesehenen Ausdrehungen sich von den Außenkanten über einen beträchtlichen Teil der radialen Dicke der Naben erstrecken und bei dem die durch Ausdrehungen benachbarter Rotorscheiben gebildeten Schweißnahtnuten mit Schweißmaterial gefüllt werden.This is done according to the invention in that the recesses provided for the weld seams on the end faces of the hubs extend from the outer edges over a considerable part of the radial thickness of the hubs and in which the weld seam grooves formed by recesses of adjacent rotor disks are filled with welding material.
Es ist zwar ein Rotor bekannt (DE-C1-33 17 070), bei dem ringförmige Rotorscheiben mit ihrem Innenrand auf eine als Achse dienende Trommel aufgeschweißt sind. Hier müssen für jede Ringscheibe zwei Schweißnähte hergestellt werden, während bei der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung des Rotors jede Ringschweißnaht zwei benachbarte Rotorscheiben miteinander verbindet. Dabei entsteht ein stabiler Rotorkörper, der z.B. nicht über seine ganze Länge auf einer Welle geführt werden braucht, sondern nur an seinen beiden Enden auf der Welle gelagert werden kann, so daß eine genauere Ausdrehung der Rotorscheiben nur teilweise an den beiden Endscheiben notwendig ist.A rotor is known (DE-C1-33 17 070), in which ring-shaped rotor disks are welded with their inner edge onto a drum serving as an axis. Here, two weld seams have to be produced for each ring disk, while in the inventive design of the rotor, each ring weld seam connects two adjacent rotor disks to one another. This creates a stable rotor body that e.g. does not need to be guided on a shaft over its entire length, but can only be supported on the shaft at its two ends, so that a more precise unscrewing of the rotor disks is only partially necessary at the two end disks.
Aus der EP-A-0 019 542 ist eine andere Bauart eines Hammerrotors bekannt, bei der mit Aussparungen versehene segmentförmige Scheiben gegenüber der jeweils benachbarten Scheibe um 180° verdreht angeordnet sind, die entlang ihrer Konturen miteinander verschweißt sind. Die zusammengesetzten Scheiben bilden ebenfalls einen starten Rotorkörper, die Schweißungen entlang der Konturen der jeweils einen Scheibe mit der benachbarten Scheibe müssen von Hand ausgeführt werden und sind entsprechend teuer.Another type of hammer rotor is known from EP-A-0 019 542, in which segmented disks provided with recesses are rotated by 180 ° relative to the respectively adjacent disk and are welded to one another along their contours. The assembled disks also form a starting rotor body, the welds along the contours of the one disk with the adjacent disk must be carried out by hand and are correspondingly expensive.
Geschweißte Rotorkörper sind auch aus FR-A-2 314 996 und FR-A-2 356 472 bekannt. Dabei handelt es sich um Turbinenwalzen, die je nach Bauart mehr oder weniger hochtourig drehen. Dynamische Kräfte treten lediglich als gleichförmige, auf die nicht abgebildeten Turbinenschaufeln wirkende Impulse auf, die nicht zu vergleichen sind mit den dynamischen Kräften infolge der durch die unregelmäßige Zerkleinerungsarbeit auftretenden Stoßbelastungen bei Rotoren für Prall- oder Hammermühlen. Die FR-A-2 314 996 zeigt auch keine Naben, welche an den Stirnflächen miteinander verschweißt sein könnten. Sieht man einmal von den nicht gezeigten Turbinenschaufeln ab, sind die Rotorscheiben an ihren Außenkanten selbst durch Ringschweißnähte miteinander verbunden. Die Schweißraupen laufen dabei über den Umfang der Scheiben, was zu hohem Verbrauch von Schweißmaterial und zu hohen Personalkosten führt. Das gleiche trifft auch auf den Gegenstand gemäß FR-A-2 356 472 zu, zumal hier keinerlei Naben an den Rotorscheiben vorgesehen sind. Auch hier sind die Scheiben direkt miteinander verschweißt, wobei am äußeren Umfang der einander zugewandten Scheibenseiten ringförmige Wülste vorgesehen sind, deren radiale Dicke der erforderlichen Schweißnahthöhe entspricht.Welded rotor bodies are also known from FR-A-2 314 996 and FR-A-2 356 472. These are turbine rollers that rotate more or less at high speed, depending on the design. Dynamic forces only appear as uniform impulses acting on the turbine blades (not shown), which cannot be compared with the dynamic forces as a result of the irregular ones Crushing work occurring in the case of rotors for impact or hammer mills. FR-A-2 314 996 also shows no hubs which could be welded together on the end faces. If you disregard the turbine blades, which are not shown, the rotor disks are themselves connected to one another at their outer edges by ring weld seams. The welding beads run over the circumference of the discs, which leads to high consumption of welding material and high personnel costs. The same applies to the object according to FR-A-2 356 472, especially since there are no hubs on the rotor disks. Here, too, the disks are welded directly to one another, annular beads being provided on the outer circumference of the facing disk sides, the radial thickness of which corresponds to the required weld seam height.
Das Herstellen der Unter Umständen eine beträchtliche Dicke aufweisenden Schweißnähte kann auf verschiedene Weise erfolgen. Am vorteilhaftesten geschieht dies dadurch, daß die Schweißnähte aus mehreren übereinandergelegten Lagen gebildet werden. Dazu werden die zueinander zentrierten, in Umfangsrichtung zueinander ausgerichteten und miteinander verspannten Rotorscheiben in waagerechter Achslage unter den feststehenden und bis an die Naben heranreichenden oder zwischen die vorerwähnten Ausdrehungen reichenden Schweißgeräten mehrmals langsam gedreht, so daß sich, im Grunde der durch je zwei Ausdrehungen gebildeten Nuten beginnend, eine Schweißnaht über die andere legt, bis die Nuten mit Schweißmaterial ausgefüllt sind. Dies kann, bei Vorhandensein einer der Zahl der Nuten entsprechenden Anzahl von Schweißgeräten bei allen Nuten eines Rotors gleichzeitig geschehen. Sind die Schweißgeräte mit einer automatischen Schweißdrahtzuführung versehen und werden sie nach jeder Rotorumdrehung automatisch um ein der Dicke der Schweißlagen entsprechendes Stück zurückgestellt, so können die Schweißnähte mit einem Minimum an Arbeitskräften und Zeitaufwand hergestellt werden, obwohl die Zahl der Lagen bei großen Rotoren 50 und mehr und die Länge der in den einzelnen Nuten dabei entstehenden Schweißnähte etwa 100 Meter betragen kann.The welding seams, which may be of considerable thickness, can be produced in various ways. The most advantageous way of doing this is that the weld seams are formed from a plurality of layers laid one on top of the other. For this purpose, the rotor disks, which are centered in relation to one another in the circumferential direction and braced with one another, are rotated slowly and repeatedly in the horizontal axis position under the fixed welding machines reaching up to the hubs or reaching between the aforementioned turns, so that, basically, the grooves formed by two turns each starting with one weld over the other until the grooves are filled with welding material. This can be done simultaneously in the presence of a number of welding devices corresponding to the number of slots in all slots of a rotor. If the welding machines are equipped with an automatic welding wire feeder and they are automatically reset by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the welding layers after each rotor revolution, the welding seams can be carried out with a minimum of manpower and time be produced, although the number of layers for large rotors 50 and more and the length of the weld seams created in the individual grooves can be about 100 meters.
Die Tiefe der Nuten muß selbstverständlich so gewählt werden, daß noch ringförmige Rippen mit entsprechenden Stirnflächen an den Naben verbleiben, mit denen sich die benachbarten Naben beim Zusammenspannen der Rotorscheiben aneinanderlegen.The depth of the grooves must of course be selected so that annular ribs with corresponding end faces remain on the hubs, with which the adjacent hubs lie against one another when the rotor disks are clamped together.
Diese Rippen können beim Schweißvorgang gegebenenfalls wegschmelzen, so daß die Naben, wenn die Rippen nahe der Innenkanten der Stirnflächen vorgesehen sind, dann unter Umständen über die gesamte Stirnfläche miteinander verschweißt sind.These ribs may melt away during the welding process, so that the hubs, if the ribs are provided near the inner edges of the end faces, may then be welded together over the entire end face.
Die Rotorscheiben müssen beim Zusammenspannen selbstverständlich genau zueinander zentriert, aber auch in Umfangsrichtung zueinander ausgerichtet werden, damit die in den Rotorscheiben vorgesehenen Randausschnitte genau miteinander fluchten. Da das Zusammenspannen nach Aufeinanderlegen der Rotorscheiben in waagerechter Lage erfolgt, das Verschweißen aber bei lotrechter Anordnung der Rotorscheiben, also bei waagerechter Rotorachse, vorgenommen werden muß, müssen die zusammengespannten Rotorscheiben aus der einen in die andere Lage bewegt werden. Da ein axiales Zusammenspannen der Rotorscheiben Verschiebungen der Rotorscheiben zueinander hierbei nicht mit Sicherheit verhindern kann, werden die an den Stirnflächen der Naben mit den für die Schweißnähte vorgesehenen Ausdrehungen versehenen Rotorscheiben den in den Ansprüchen 3 und 4 angegebenen Arbeitsgängen unterzogen.The rotor disks must, of course, be centered exactly with one another, but also aligned with one another in the circumferential direction, so that the edge cutouts provided in the rotor disks are exactly aligned with one another. Since the clamping takes place after laying the rotor disks in a horizontal position, but the welding must be carried out with the rotor disks arranged vertically, i.e. with the rotor axis horizontal, the tightened rotor disks must be moved from one position to the other. Since axial clamping of the rotor disks cannot reliably prevent displacements of the rotor disks relative to one another, the rotor disks provided on the end faces of the hubs with the recesses provided for the weld seams are subjected to the operations specified in
Das gegenseitige Zentrieren der Rotorscheiben unter Zuhilfenahme von Ringscheiben kann in verschiedener Weise geschehen. So können in alle zylindrischen Ausdrehungen der Naben Ringscheiben eingesetzt und die mit den Ringscheiben versehenen Rotorscheiben auf ein Rohr aufgeschoben werden, das später auch zum Tragen der aus den provisorisch miteinander verbundenen Rotorscheiben bestehenden Einheit dient.The centering of the rotor disks with the aid of ring disks can be done in different ways. Thus, ring disks can be inserted into all cylindrical recesses of the hubs and the rotor disks provided with the ring disks can be pushed onto a tube that later also used to carry the unit consisting of the rotor disks temporarily connected to one another.
Die zylindrischen Ausdrehungen können aber auch so schmal und die Ringscheiben so breit gewählt werden, daß sie in die Ausdrehungen zweier benachbarter Rotorscheiben eingreifen und diese somit unmittelbar zueinander zentrieren. Die Rotorscheiben werden dabei jeweils unter Zwischenlage einer Ringscheibe aufeinandergelegt und dann durch Drehen um die Ringscheiben in Umfangsrichtung zueinander ausgerichtet.The cylindrical bores can also be chosen so narrow and the washers so wide that they engage in the bores of two adjacent rotor disks and thus center them directly in relation to one another. The rotor disks are placed one on top of the other with the interposition of an annular disk and then aligned with one another in the circumferential direction by rotating around the annular disks.
Es kann vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Naben der Rotorscheiben nicht nur von außen, sondern auch von innen mit einer allerdings nur einfachen bzw. aus nur wenigen Lagen bestehenden Ringschweißnaht miteinander verbunden werden. Man versieht dazu die Naben zusätzlich zu den zylindrischen Ausdrehungen noch mit kleinen Ausdrehungen, die innerhalb der ringförmigen Rippen vorzusehen sind.It can be advantageous if the hubs of the rotor disks are connected to one another not only from the outside but also from the inside with a ring weld seam, however, which is only simple or consists of only a few layers. In addition to the cylindrical bores, the hubs are also provided with small bores which are to be provided within the annular ribs.
Zur Anlegung dieser Schweißnaht entfernt man nach dem provisorischen Verbinden der Rotorscheiben durch die im Grunde der Schweißnahtnuten angebrachten Schweißpunkte gemäß dem Arbeitsgang c) die Ringscheiben, wobei die inneren Ringscheiben zerstört werden müssen, und legt die Ringschweißnähte von Hand an. Danach werden die beiden äußeren Ringscheiben, die vorzugsweise stärker gewählt werden als die inneren, wieder in die beiden äußeren Rotorscheiben eingesetzt. Dann folgen die Arbeitsgänge d) und e).In order to create this weld seam, after the provisional connection of the rotor disks, the annular disks are removed through the welding points attached to the bottom of the weld seam grooves in accordance with step c), the inner annular disks having to be destroyed, and the ring weld seams are created by hand. Then the two outer ring disks, which are preferably chosen to be stronger than the inner ones, are reinserted into the two outer rotor disks. Then operations d) and e) follow.
Da die Masse der miteinander zu verbindenden Rotorscheiben groß ist und deshalb beim Schweißen ein starker Wärmeabfluß stattfindet, ist es vorteilhaft, vor dem provisorischen Miteinander-Verbinden die Rotorscheiben vorzuwärmen, z. Bsp. in einem Vorwärmofen und die miteinander verbundenen Rotorscheiben insgesamt vor dem Anlegen der endgültigen Schweißnähte auf eine erhöhte Temperatur von etwa 125 bis 250°C vorzuwärmen und diese Temperatur während des gesamten Schweißvorganges zu halten. Dies kann mit Hilfe von Flammrohren geschehen.Since the mass of the rotor disks to be connected to one another is large and therefore a strong heat dissipation takes place during welding, it is advantageous to preheat the rotor disks before temporarily connecting them, e.g. For example, in a preheating furnace and the interconnected rotor disks in total before the final welds are made to an elevated temperature of about 125 to 250 ° C preheat and maintain this temperature throughout the welding process. This can be done with the help of flame tubes.
In der Zeichnung ist eine erfindungsgemäße Weiterbildung des in Fig. 4 des EP-Patentes 0 444 432 dargestellten Rotors gezeigt.In the drawing, a further development according to the invention of the rotor shown in FIG. 4 of EP patent 0 444 432 is shown.
Wie daraus ersichtlich, sind bei dem Rotor zwecks Vergrößerung der Schweißnähte 9 die Rotorscheiben 1 an den Stirnflächen ihrer Naben 3 mit Ausdrehungen 17 versehen. Sie belassen ringförmige Rippen 18, mit deren Stirnflächen die benachbarten Rotorscheiben aneinanderliegen. Nach dem Schweißvorgang sind die Schweißnahtnuten 16 mit dem die Schweißnähte 9 bildenden Schweißmaterial ausgefüllt.As can be seen from this, the rotor disks 1 are provided with
Die für das Miteinanderverschweißen der Rotorscheiben 1 benötigten Hilfsmittel werden im folgenden im Zusammenhang mit der Beschreibung der Arbeitsgänge benannt.The aids required for welding the rotor disks 1 together are named below in connection with the description of the operations.
Die Rotorscheiben 1 werden mit den Ringrippen 18 aufeinanderliegend zentrisch und im Umfangssinne zueinander ausgerichtet. Das Zentrieren erfolgt mit Hilfe von Ringscheiben 20, 21, die in zylindrische Ausdrehungen 22 der Naben 3 eingesetzt werden, und eines Rohres 23, auf das die Rotorscheiben 1 mit den Ringscheiben 20, 21 aufgeschoben und auf dem sie durch Drehen in Umfangsrichtung zueinander ausgerichtet werden, so daß die an den Rotorscheiben vorgesehenen Randausschnitte 12 miteinander fluchten. Danach wird das Rohr 23 über Mitnehmer 24 mit den äußeren Rotorscheiben 1 in drehfeste Verbindung gebracht. In diesem Zustand werden die Rotorscheiben 1 durch im Grunde der Schweißnahtnuten 16 angebrachte Schweißpunkte 25 provisorisch miteinander verbunden. Gegebenenfalls können nach der provisorischen Verbindung der Rotorscheiben 1 durch die Schweißpunkte 25 und nach Herausnehmen des Rohres 23 und der Ringscheiben 20, 21 (wobei die inneren Ringscheiben 21 zerstört werden müssen) auch noch Ringschweißnähte 26 an den inneren Stoßnähten der Naben 3 innerhalb der Ringrippen 18 angebracht werden. Das Rohr 23 kann nach Wiedereinsetzen der beiden äußeren Ringscheiben 20 wieder in diese eingeschoben werden. Diese Situation ist in der Fig. dargestellt. Die Ringscheiben 21 sind hier nur gestrichelt gezeichnet, weil sie in diesem Montagestadium an sich schon entfernt worden sind.The rotor disks 1 are aligned with the
Eine zweckmäßige Abwandlung dieser Arbeitsgänge ergibt sich, wenn zur Zentrierung und Ausrichtung in Umfangsrichtung die Ringscheiben 21 so breit gewählt werden, daß sie in die Ausdrehungen 22 zweier benachbarter Rotorscheiben 1 eingreifen. Nach so erfolger Zentrierung und durchgeführter Ausrichtung in Umfangsrichtung werden die Rotorscheiben von innen im Bereich hierfür vorgesehener Randausschnitte in den Ringscheiben provisorisch durch Schweißpunkte verbunden. Nach Entfernung der Ringscheiben 21 werden die vorerwähnten Ringschweißnähte 26 an den inneren Stoßnähten der Naben 3 angebracht. Erst danach wird das Rohr 23 in die zwischenzeitlich eingesetzten äußeren Ringscheiben eingeschoben.An expedient modification of these operations results if the
Zusammen mit dem Rohr 23 werden dann die miteinander verbundenen Rotorscheiben 1 in eine waagerechte Axiallage geschwenkt und auf eine Schweißanlage aufgebracht, die ein Gestell 27 aufweist, das mit zwei Rollenpaaren 28 versehen ist, auf die sich das Rohr 23 mit seinen über die Rotorscheiben 1 überstehenden Enden auflegt. Die Rollenpaare sind antreibbar. Über die auf dem Gestell 27 befindliche Einheit aus den provisorisch miteinander verbundenen Rotorscheiben 1 erstreckt sich ein an dem Gesteil 27 befestigter Ausleger 29 an dem Schweißgeräte 30 angeordnet sind. Sie bestehen in bekannter Weise je aus einem Zuführrohr für den Schweißdraht, einem Zuführrohr für das Schweißpulver und einem Absaugrohr für überschüssiges Pulver, erstrecken sich durch die zwischen den Außenkränzen 7 benachbarter Rotorscheiben 1 vorhandenen Ringspalte 8 hindurch bis an die zwischen den Naben 3 der Rotorscheiben 1 vorhandenen Schweißnahtnuten 16 und gegebenenfalls in diese hinein. Sie sind bezüglich ihrer Hineinragtiefe verstellbar.Together with the
Beim Schweißvorgang wird die aus den Rotorscheiben 1 bestehende Einheit langsam gedreht, wobei in die Schweißnahtnuten 16 von deren Grund ausgehend Schweißlagen in mehreren oder auch vielen Windungen übereinandergelegt werden, bis die Schweißnahtnuten 16 mit Schweißmaterial ausgefüllt sind, wobei die Schweißgeräte 30 nach und nach entsprechend angehoben werden.During the welding process, the unit consisting of the rotor disks 1 is slowly rotated, starting from the base of which, in the
Nach dem Schweißen werden das Rohr 23 und die Ringscheiben 20 und 21 aus dem so entstandenen fertigen Rotorkörper entfernt und dieser mit einer Welle und den übrigen Teilen, wie mit den Schlagleisten, versehen.After welding, the
Claims (5)
- A rotor for impact or hammer mills, comprising a plurality of cast steel rotor discs (1) welded together and having widened naves (3) touching one another, and whereby the rotor discs (1) are connected together at their naves (3) by annular weld seams (9), characterised in that the grooves (17) provided for the weld seams (9) on the front faces of the naves (3) extend from the outer edges over a considerable part of the radial thickness of the naves, and that the weld seam channels (16) thus formed by the grooves of adjacent rotor discs are filled with weld material.
- A rotor in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the weld seams (9) comprise several layers of weld material applied on top of each other.
- A process for manufacturing a rotor according to claim 1, characterised by the following operational steps;a) the naves (3) of the rotor discs (1) with the grooves (17) are provided from the inside at their axial ends with accurately- dimensioned matching cylindrical grooves (22);b) with the rotor discs (1) placed one on top of the other and with the aid of circular collars (20, 21) which fit into the grooves (22) and possibly a tube (23) inserted into the circular collars, the discs are centrally aligned to one other by turning them around the circular collars in a circumferential direction;c) the rotor discs (1) are provisionally joined to one another by means of tack welds (25) applied either from the outside into the base of the channels (16) formed by the grooves (17) for the weld seams (9), or from the inside to points accessible through radial cut-outs in the circular collars (21);d) pushed into the circular collars (20, 21) if not already present is the tube (23), which projects from both ends of the unit comprising the provisionally inter-connected rotor discs (1);e) the unit comprising the rotor discs (1) is placed with the ends of the tubes (23) onto two pairs of rollers (28) of a welding unit (27 - 30) and by means of a drive device provided on the latter is slowly turned under one or more welding instruments (30) which can extend between the rotor discs (1) to reach the weld seam channels (16) of the naves (3).
- Process according to claim 3, characterised in that, following the operational step c), the circular collars (20, 21) are removed and from the inside, annular weld seams (26) are created at the abutment points of the adjacent naves (3), after which both outer circular collars (20) are replaced.
- A process according to claim 3, characterised in that, prior to the execution of the provisional inter-connecting process by means of the tack welds (25), the rotor discs (1) are pre-heated in a pre-heating oven to temperatures of between 125 and 250 °C according to material composition, and that the unit comprising the rotor discs (1) is again pre-heated to this temperature prior to creation of the weld seams (9) and maintained at this temperature during the welding process by means of heating torches or similar.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914127875 DE4127875C2 (en) | 1991-01-30 | 1991-08-22 | Impact or hammer mill rotor and method of making a rotor |
| DE4127875 | 1991-08-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0529135A1 EP0529135A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
| EP0529135B1 true EP0529135B1 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
Family
ID=6438898
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91114578A Expired - Lifetime EP0529135B1 (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1991-08-29 | Rotor for impact crushers or hammer mills |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0529135B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3306105B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE144442T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU641069B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59108305D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2095888T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3022377T3 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9204852A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA925345B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI121754B (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-03-31 | Allu Finland Oy | Sifting, crushing or mixing bucket |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3123702A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | Deep groove arc welding apparatus | ||
| DE1831058U (en) | 1961-03-07 | 1961-05-10 | Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Und | CONVEYOR FOR HIGH SPEED IMPACT MILLS. |
| US3151816A (en) * | 1962-06-18 | 1964-10-06 | Pettibone Mulliken Corp | Crusher apparatus and method of manufacture |
| DE1257541B (en) | 1965-05-06 | 1967-12-28 | Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung | Blow bar for rotors of impact mills |
| DE6601200U (en) | 1966-01-03 | 1969-02-27 | Miag Gmbh | BEAT ROTOR FOR BEAT MILLS |
| FR1589790A (en) * | 1968-10-22 | 1970-04-06 | ||
| CH595011A5 (en) * | 1975-06-19 | 1978-01-31 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| CH594471A5 (en) * | 1976-07-02 | 1978-01-13 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| FR2456553A1 (en) * | 1979-05-17 | 1980-12-12 | Fives Cail Babcock | IMPROVEMENTS ON PERCUSSION CRUSHERS WITH ARTICULATED HAMMERS |
| DE8214553U1 (en) * | 1982-05-18 | 1985-08-29 | Gebr. Hofmann, 8700 Würzburg | Rotor for hammer mills |
| DE3317070C1 (en) | 1983-05-10 | 1984-07-26 | Maschinenfabrik B.Maier GmbH & Co KG, 4800 Bielefeld | Impact mill |
| DE3522643A1 (en) * | 1985-06-25 | 1987-01-08 | Kloeckner Wilhelmsburger Gmbh | Method and apparatus for welding a connection piece to a container or to part of a container |
| ZA91909B (en) * | 1990-03-01 | 1992-02-26 | Salzgitter Maschinenbau | Rotor for impact crushers or hammer mills |
-
1991
- 1991-08-29 DE DE59108305T patent/DE59108305D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-29 EP EP91114578A patent/EP0529135B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-29 ES ES91114578T patent/ES2095888T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-29 AT AT91114578T patent/ATE144442T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-20 AU AU89965/91A patent/AU641069B2/en not_active Expired
-
1992
- 1992-07-17 ZA ZA925345A patent/ZA925345B/en unknown
- 1992-08-19 JP JP22042692A patent/JP3306105B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-08-21 MX MX9204852A patent/MX9204852A/en unknown
-
1997
- 1997-01-23 GR GR970400115T patent/GR3022377T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3306105B2 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
| DE59108305D1 (en) | 1996-11-28 |
| GR3022377T3 (en) | 1997-04-30 |
| AU641069B2 (en) | 1993-09-09 |
| ZA925345B (en) | 1993-02-10 |
| MX9204852A (en) | 1993-04-01 |
| EP0529135A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
| JPH05192598A (en) | 1993-08-03 |
| ATE144442T1 (en) | 1996-11-15 |
| AU8996591A (en) | 1993-02-25 |
| ES2095888T3 (en) | 1997-03-01 |
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