EP0529011A1 - Cyclone a vide ameliore - Google Patents

Cyclone a vide ameliore

Info

Publication number
EP0529011A1
EP0529011A1 EP91920982A EP91920982A EP0529011A1 EP 0529011 A1 EP0529011 A1 EP 0529011A1 EP 91920982 A EP91920982 A EP 91920982A EP 91920982 A EP91920982 A EP 91920982A EP 0529011 A1 EP0529011 A1 EP 0529011A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
liquid
cyclonic
evaporator according
evaporator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP91920982A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0529011A4 (en
Inventor
Kalevi J. 6 High Sheldon Kenton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ENPROTEC Inc NV
KENTON Kalevi J
MITCHARD Leonard C
Original Assignee
ENPROTEC Inc NV
KENTON Kalevi J
MITCHARD Leonard C
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ENPROTEC Inc NV, KENTON Kalevi J, MITCHARD Leonard C filed Critical ENPROTEC Inc NV
Publication of EP0529011A1 publication Critical patent/EP0529011A1/fr
Publication of EP0529011A4 publication Critical patent/EP0529011A4/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0033—Other features
    • B01D5/0036—Multiple-effect condensation; Fractional condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/0094—Evaporating with forced circulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
    • B01D1/305—Demister (vapour-liquid separation)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/06—Flash distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0027—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by direct contact between vapours or gases and the cooling medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
    • C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
    • C10M175/0033—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes using distillation processes; devices therefor

Definitions

  • This invention describes a relatively simple and yet an essentially maintenance free vacuum cyclone evaporator fitted with internal parallel cones for enhancing of centrifugal force in the gas phase, the internal open cones provide an efficient liquid/vapor separation utilizing an internal fixed reflux effect.
  • this invention also claims the novelty of a distillation process as described, utilizing the vacuum cyclone evaporator together with the process design, it's features and how this can be used especially when refining of petroleum products.
  • the vacuum cyclone evaporator is especially useful in applications for distilling of heat sensitive or corrosive liquids but also in applications for crude oil or waste oil refining.
  • various cyclones are used in the industry for the separation of liquids and solids
  • this invention partly relates to a specially designed vacuum cyclone evaporator, where liquids are separated by means of vaporization and the vaporized fraction is subsequently condensed. Due to the internal design, its efficiency is greatly enhanced, especially when used under severe vacuum conditions. Owing to the internal design, using a number of parallel open cones, an internal reflux effect is created, which in turn allows for the design of a simple and cost effective distillation/fractionator vessel for liquid separation.
  • the vessel body is essentially designed as a vertical cylinder having one vapour outlet at the top and one outlet at the bottom for liquids.
  • the top and bottom ends are either of dome or conical shape.
  • One or two side mounted flanged nozzles are fitted which are easy to remove and maintain if necessary. These nozzles are designed to provide a tangential injection inside the vessel and thereby creating a swirling motion to the injected liquid and evaporated gasses.
  • the wall thickness of the vessel has been designed to withstand full vacuum and over pressure under high temperature.
  • the height and diameter of the vessel is specially calculated to cater for a minimum of vacuum load inside the vessel during operation. For each type of liquid a separate calculation is required in order to decide appropriate dimensions for the vessel.
  • Inside the cyclone a number of open parallel cones of steel plate are installed. These open cones are fitted inside each other having an angle of say 30 deg. or more. The distance between each cone may be 50-100 mm.
  • One main feature of this invention is in fact the function of these parallel cones.
  • Industrial evaparation equipment is usually arranged for continuous operation with a large heat exchanger surface.
  • a well known type of industrial evaporators is the so-called long tube vertical evaporator.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET are built as falling liquid film or rising liquid film evaporators. They often comprise a set of vertical heat-exchanger tubes to which liquid is fed and a liquid film is created on the exchanger tubes. The pressure drop through the tubes is usually very small, and the boiling liquid temperature is essentially the same as the vapour temperature.
  • This type of evaporator is often used for concentrating heat sensitive materials such as fruit juices, because the hold-up or residence time is very small, the liquid is not overheated during the passage through the evaporator and heat transfer coefficients are high during low boiling temperatures.
  • evaporators are those so-called “thin film evaporators” which have successfully been used in the distillation of waste oils and other heat sensitive liquids.
  • these evaporators are relatively expensive to build as well as maintain and operate, especially when high temperature and high vacuum is required for the operation.
  • Flash evaporators are known in which heat exchanger tubes are used to heat the liquid to above its boiling point and give a superheated liquid which is then flashed into a separator operating at a reduced pressure. Flash evaporators are often used as a component of a multistage evaporator process in for example the desalination of sea water.
  • a disadvantage of a flash evaporator is that the liquid throughout the system is at almost the discharge concentration which has limited its industrial use to solutions where no great concentration differences are required between feed and product.
  • An advantage of flash evaporators is however that a relatively small number of pumps and associated equipment is required as well as no moving parts are required in the evaporators.
  • the present invention sets out to provide a method of evaporation having some of the characteristics of a flash evaporator and some of a cyclone vacuum evaporator.
  • Superheated liquid is tangentially injected into a cylindrical vessel under vacuum, where a proportion of the superheated liquid flash evaporates. Inside the vacuum vessel the liquid phase as well as the vapour phase is given a fast swirling motion.
  • This arrangement is especially useful when distilling or refining of mineral oils or even waste oils, as this has the effect of an internal reflux.
  • V is the velocity of settling.
  • PI is the density of liquid droplets.
  • Pg is the density of vapour at vacuum condition
  • the centrifugal force in the vapour phase having a velocity of say 200 meters per sec. and rotating inside an evaporator with the diameter of 1 meter can reach 1000 g.
  • Waste oil is injected at the inlet feed (1) where it passes through a horizontally mounted inlet bend or a tangential injection (2). A steady continuous flowrate is maintained to provide a stable operating condition and balance to the process system.
  • a mixing takes place with circulated liquid with the non vaporized portion in the evaporator system. This circulated liquid is pumped by pump (8) via a specially designed heater or heat exchanger (5) before entering the evaporator.
  • This circulated liquid is pumped at a flowrate preferably some ten times greater than the injected feed (1).
  • the reasons for this higher flowrate is to maintain low temperature differential over the heater and maintain a reduced coking effect in the tubes. This arrangement is often called forced recirculation. Howver, great care must be taken when distilling of waste oils, as the coking tendencies are known to be severe.
  • the heater (5) can be of a direct fired type using gas oil or natural gas. Generally the heater can be mounted horizontally or vertically as required due to burner design. Also heat exchangers can be used where the heating medium is suitable for heating at the required temperature levels.
  • the condenser (7) is of direct contact type using the cooled recirculated condensate from it's own circuit in the receiver (6a) as motive liquid. This motive liquid is circulated and cooled over the cooler (9) .
  • the direct type condenser has the advantage that the recirculated cooling liquid can easily be maintained at any desired temperature, thereby also allowing a desired viscosity or fraction to be condensed in the first condenser.
  • the second condenser has the function of condensing any lighter fractions that has passed the first condenser. In this way two fractions can be drawn of from the distillation system.
  • Figure 3 schematically represents the process of the fractioned distillation by means of the evaporator 1.
  • the conduit 11 facilitates entry of the liquid mixture into the chamber and the pump 13 produces a circulation of recovered liquid in the lower part 9 of the chamber towards the heat interchanger 14, with devolution of the liquid towards the conduit 11.
  • the chamber is connected to a sprinkler condenser 15 which liquifies a portion of those vapors.
  • the liquid phase is removed through the lower conduit 16. This communicates with the deposit receiver 17, whose content consists of the distillates of the heaviest weight, which are sent to the exterior of the system by means of the pump 18.
  • the medium weight distillates are driven towards the cooler 19 and transported again, via conduit 20, towards the condenser 15 in spray form which mixes with the vapors present in the condenser, continuing the cycle in the interior of the device.
  • the exit 21 of the vapors from the upper part of the condenser 15 passes through condenser 22 connected to conduit 23, by which spray of air is made at a very high vacuum.
  • the conduit 24 originates the derivation of the light distillates towards the deposit receiver 25 and its sending to the exterior by means of the pump 26.
  • the motor oils and the residual lubricant oils are typical products for treatment by means of the arrangement of Figure 3.
  • the conduit 11 acts as a horizontally mounted curve for the tangential injection through the small entrance 6, producing a mix of injected liquids with the circulating material and with the non-vaporized part of the system.
  • the recirculated liquid, driven through the pump 13 circulates at a velocity of the order of 10 times greater, approximately, than the velocity of the entrance of the conduit 11. Thus, it is maintained below the differential of temperature with respect to the heater 14 and a reduced effect of coking in the conduits, aspect that should be considered in the case of the residual oils.
  • the heater 14 can be fueled by means of gas oil or natural gas, can be mounted horizontally or vertically and can work with thermal changers when this type of operation is advisable.
  • the condenser 15 of the direct type has the advantage that the recirculated liquid can be readily maintained at whatever convenient temperature is desired, permitting the product to have a desired viscosity or ensuring that the same condenses in the phase in question.
  • the condenser 22 condenses whatever light fraction might have passed through the condenser 7; in this manner two different fractions can be obtained in the installation.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

Evaporateur à vide cyclonique (1) comprenant une chambre (5) dotée d'au moins un orifice d'entrée (6) et d'une pluralité d'éléments coniques (7). L'introduction d'un mélange liquide dans la chambre (5) provoque la circulation de vapeurs vers la partie centrale (8) de la chambre (5) et leur sortie par la partie supérieure (2) de la chambre (5), tandis qu'un distillat liquide s'accumule dans la partie inférieure (9) de ladite chambre (5).
EP19910920982 1989-04-13 1990-05-18 Enhanced vacuum cyclone Ceased EP0529011A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES898901294A ES2013176A6 (es) 1989-04-13 1989-04-13 Evaporador ciclonico por vacio y procedimiento de destilacion fraccionada mediante el mismo.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0529011A1 true EP0529011A1 (fr) 1993-03-03
EP0529011A4 EP0529011A4 (en) 1993-03-24

Family

ID=8261460

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910920982 Ceased EP0529011A4 (en) 1989-04-13 1990-05-18 Enhanced vacuum cyclone

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0529011A4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2013176A6 (fr)
NO (1) NO924455L (fr)
WO (1) WO1991017804A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114210084A (zh) * 2021-12-21 2022-03-22 江苏金橡塑新材料有限公司 一种高纯度微珠pe蜡的高精度提纯装置

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE38366E1 (en) * 1995-06-08 2003-12-30 Avista Resources, Inc. Oil re-refining method and apparatus
GB2301782B (en) * 1995-06-08 1998-11-25 Enprotec Int Group Nv Improved oil re-refining method and apparatus
AUPP624298A0 (en) * 1998-09-30 1998-10-22 Alcos Technologies Pty Ltd Cyclonic evaporator
ITMI20011090A1 (it) * 2001-05-23 2002-11-23 Fmc Italia S P A Elemento deflettore per apparecchiature di concentrazione di succhi vegetali ad uso alimentare
ES2281262B1 (es) * 2005-10-17 2008-09-16 Mora Wold Water, S.A. Sistema de desalacion y reciclaje de residuos liquidos y aguas oleosas, que no utiliza filtros, membranas o productos quimicos para producir agua pura y energia.
FR2956591B1 (fr) 2010-02-19 2012-03-23 Serac Group Dispositif d'evaporation d'un liquide de traitement
CN102764703B (zh) * 2011-05-03 2016-01-06 中国科学院理化技术研究所 一种实现溶液空化分离的旋流分离器及分离方法
CN102814057A (zh) * 2012-09-05 2012-12-12 江苏申久化纤有限公司 用于聚酯装置的喷淋冷凝器双线路切换装置和方法
CN109011667A (zh) * 2018-07-02 2018-12-18 四川大学 虹吸真空旋流蒸发方法与装置
IT201900005314A1 (it) * 2019-04-08 2020-10-08 Tema Sinergie S P A Vaporizzatore di agenti decontaminanti

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1467570A (en) * 1974-08-28 1977-03-16 Kao Corp Distillation or evaporation still

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1689745A (en) * 1927-09-30 1928-10-30 Alabama Power Co Steam generator
US2201961A (en) * 1938-01-17 1940-05-21 Kinney Mfg Company Apparatus for recovering oil from exhaust mixtures
GB528145A (en) * 1938-05-11 1940-10-23 Separator Ab Improvements in evaporators for producing pure distilled water from sea water or other aqueous liquuids containing impurities in solution
US2368049A (en) * 1942-03-12 1945-01-23 Stratford Dev Corp Atomizing evaporator
DE2821097C2 (de) * 1978-05-13 1987-04-30 Apparatebau Rothemühle Brandt + Kritzler GmbH, 5963 Wenden Vorrichtung zur Dekontamination von radioaktiven Abwässern
US4417951A (en) * 1980-11-03 1983-11-29 Jovo Stanisic Distiller and evaporator for sea water
US4375386A (en) * 1981-05-07 1983-03-01 The Badger Company, Inc. Cyclonic entrainment separator for evaporator
GB8611122D0 (en) * 1986-05-07 1986-06-11 Shell Int Research Vertical distillation column

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1467570A (en) * 1974-08-28 1977-03-16 Kao Corp Distillation or evaporation still

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO9117804A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114210084A (zh) * 2021-12-21 2022-03-22 江苏金橡塑新材料有限公司 一种高纯度微珠pe蜡的高精度提纯装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0529011A4 (en) 1993-03-24
WO1991017804A1 (fr) 1991-11-28
NO924455D0 (no) 1992-11-18
NO924455L (no) 1992-12-21
ES2013176A6 (es) 1990-04-16

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