EP0526907A1 - Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526907A1
EP0526907A1 EP92114964A EP92114964A EP0526907A1 EP 0526907 A1 EP0526907 A1 EP 0526907A1 EP 92114964 A EP92114964 A EP 92114964A EP 92114964 A EP92114964 A EP 92114964A EP 0526907 A1 EP0526907 A1 EP 0526907A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distance
axis
roller
cleaned
adjusting
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92114964A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0526907B1 (en
Inventor
Konrad Dr.-Ing. Leers
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BUCHER-SCHOERLING GmbH
Original Assignee
Schoerling & Co Waggonbau GmbH
Bucher-Schorling GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19883841177 external-priority patent/DE3841177A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19883841178 external-priority patent/DE3841178A1/en
Application filed by Schoerling & Co Waggonbau GmbH, Bucher-Schorling GmbH filed Critical Schoerling & Co Waggonbau GmbH
Publication of EP0526907A1 publication Critical patent/EP0526907A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/02—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt
    • E01H1/05—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes
    • E01H1/056—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes having horizontal axes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/02—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt
    • E01H1/05—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width of a roller broom rotatable about an axis according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • vehicles with rotating roller brushes are used to clean surfaces such as roads or tarmacs at airfields.
  • Important for an optimal cleaning result is among other things the correct sweeping mirror or the correct sweeping mirror width, i.e. the contact area between the rotating roller brush and the surface to be cleaned.
  • sensor pins of a sensor are fastened to a swivel arm, the sensor pins coming into contact with the outer surface of the roller broom during operation. They continuously generate pulses that are fed into the actuating device. If the roller brush becomes smaller in diameter due to wear, the impulses are interrupted. Both the roller brush and the swivel arm of the sensor have to be readjusted, whereupon pulses are again recorded in a further phase until a new readjustment is necessary due to the wear.
  • the known device is inaccurate because the diameter of the roller broom is not exactly determined, but only a certain diameter range is monitored in accordance with an allowable degree of wear.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width, which enables a much more precise determination of the roller diameter of the roller brush and a much more precise setting of a desired sweeping mirror width in order to achieve an optimal cleaning result with little wear.
  • the invention is not limited to determining only the roller diameter of the roller broom. Rather, the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned is also measured in a new way.
  • This measured variable is compared with the target distance, which results from the recorded roll diameter. If the two values differ, the target distance is then readjusted.
  • the additional determination of the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned can therefore advantageously be used to implement a control circuit in order to set a distance which corresponds to a desired constant sweeping level.
  • the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned is measured continuously, with the measured values supplied by the measuring device being averaged over time in order to derive the actual distance therefrom.
  • the height of the static rest position of the axis above the surface to be cleaned can also be determined, taking into account unevenness in the surface to be cleaned, and with the aid of the additionally measured roller diameter, it is possible to regulate the distance between the axis and the given cleaning surface.
  • the roller brush can be held above the surface with a control circuit so that a pre-selected sweeping mirror width is always guaranteed.
  • a further development of the invention provides that an ultrasonic sensor is used as the measuring device, which is arranged in a stationary manner on the support and guide frame of the roller broom.
  • the actual distance between the axis of the roller broom and the surface to be cleaned can be determined in a known manner in a simple manner, since ultrasound sensors are known per se, which is advantageous in economic terms. Otherwise there is also the possibility of the ultrasonic sensor subsequently to be arranged on a support and guide device of the roller broom.
  • the actual distance is preferably determined at different measuring locations on the axis. This measure helps to ensure cylindrical wear of the roller brush.
  • the invention further relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the invention has for its object to enable an accurate determination of the diameter of the roller broom and to create the conditions to perform an accurate adjustment of the desired sweeping mirror, the Sweeping level should remain as constant as possible. This is to create the prerequisite for an optimal cleaning result.
  • the measuring device offers the possibility of determining the actual actual distance between the axis of the roller broom and the surface to be cleaned, and with the aid of the control arrangement which is also provided for comparing the desired distance with the actual distance and for generating a setting variable derived therefrom the optimal distance of the axis can be determined.
  • the device for cleaning surfaces shown in FIG. 1 is generally arranged on a special vehicle and connected to it by a support and guide frame 40.
  • the guide frame 40 supports a roller broom 14 which can be rotated about an axis 12, the axis 12 of which is supported on the surface 10 to be cleaned by means of a support and guide device 38 and can be adjusted at a distance h by means of an adjusting device 16.
  • the adjustability of the distance h also makes it possible to set the contact surface between the roller brush 14 and the surface 10, this surface being referred to as a sweeping mirror b s p.
  • the roller brush 14 is driven by a drive device 36 in the direction of rotation d and during the cleaning process the device is simultaneously moved in direction f over the surface to be cleaned.
  • the distance h variable by means of the adjusting device 16 and the associated size of the sweeping mirror b s p are of crucial importance for the cleaning result.
  • the adjusting device 16 receives control signals from a measuring and control device 24, which determines the current roller diameter 2r via a sensor device 18.
  • the sensor device 18 comprises a probe body 22 arranged on a rod 34, which can be moved towards or away from the roller brush 14 via a feed device 26.
  • a displacement measuring device 28 and an acceleration sensor 30 are provided.
  • the probe body 22 is first moved in the direction of the roller broom by means of the feed device 26. It is expedient to arrange the feed device 26 such that the direction of travel is perpendicular to the axis 12. In its initial position, the probe body 22 is at a distance e from the axis 12.
  • the surface of the feeler body 22 comes into contact with the lateral surface 20 of the roller broom, it is set in motion by the bristles of the roller broom 14 running along the surface 32. These vibrations can be measured via an accelerometer 30 e.g. be recorded as structure-borne noise. The occurrence of the signal change recorded by the acceleration sensor 30 can then cause the measuring and control device 24 to stop the feed device 26.
  • the travel distance z can then be recorded and the roller diameter then results from the difference between the original distance e and the travel distance z. After detection of the travel path, the probe body 22 can then be moved back to its starting position in the opposite direction.
  • the distance h required for a predetermined sweeping mirror b s p can be determined, specifically using the formula As the drawing shows, it is the man Tel surface 20 of the roller broom 14 facing surface 32 of the probe body 22 is convex. This has the advantage that the bristles of the roller brush 14 gradually run up and down on the surface 32, so that excessive wear of the probe body 22 and also of the roller brush 14 at the point of contact is avoided.
  • measuring locations e.g. measured at the measuring points a and b.
  • Several, e.g. two sensor devices 18 can be provided, or a single sensor device 18 can also be used, which is then axially connected to the different measuring locations, e.g. a and b.
  • the roller brush 14 can then be aligned differently from the surface 10, so that the difference in wear is compensated for again and a uniform sweeping level b s p is achieved. In this way, the cleaning effect can be kept optimal over the entire width of the broom until the roller brush 14 is completely worn.
  • the probe body 22 is preferably only brought to the lateral surface 20 of the roller broom 14 at predetermined time intervals, and then withdrawn again.
  • the drive device 36 for the roller brush 14 is also connected to the control device 24.
  • the roller brush 14 is controlled in such a way that the rotational speed is changed as a function of the roller diameter 2r in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed.
  • the sensor device 18 already described and the control device 24 can also be used.
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of the roller brush 14 in the sweeping mode.
  • a contact surface between the roller brush 14 and the surface to be cleaned which is shown here as a sweeping mirror b s p.
  • the distance h and half the roll diameter r are also shown.
  • the relationship between the distance h, the roller diameter 2r and the sweeping mirror b s p can be derived from these variables in accordance with the formula mentioned above.
  • the distance h required for a predetermined sweeping mirror b s p can be determined and set on the basis of the determined roller diameter 2r.
  • the actual distance h, st that actually exists after the setting which is decisive for the actual sweeping mirror width b s p.
  • the distance h of the axis 12 above the is continuously during the sweeping operation Surface 10 determined.
  • an ultrasonic sensor 42 is arranged on the support and guide frame 40, which continuously determines the actual distance h, st .
  • the height of the static rest position of the axis 12 above the surface 10 is determined by a temporal averaging of the distance to the surface 10 provided by the ultrasonic sensor 42.
  • the setpoint value for the height h son of the axis 12 can now be determined for the control of the height h of the axis 12 above the surface 10 in accordance with the formula given above.
  • the control arrangement 44 comprises a controller 46, which is followed by the adjusting device 16.
  • a measuring transducer 48 connects to the adjusting device 16, as a result of which the control loop is closed.

Abstract

Method and apparatus for adjusting a preselected brushing surface width (bsp) of a rotating cylindrical brush (14) which is rotatable about an axis (12) for cleaning surfaces (10) such as roads, airport manoeuvring areas or the like, the distance (8) between the axis of the rotating cylindrical brush and the surface to be cleaned being modified for adjustment of the brushing surface, the brush diameter (2r) being detected by a sensing device (18) for dimensioning of the desired distance and the distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned being set in proportion to the brush diameter. In addition to determining the brush diameter, provision is made for measurement of the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned. With the aid of a regulating circuit, if the desired distance and the actual distance do not correspond, the distance of the axis is readjusted to the desired distance, in order to ensure that a preselected brushing surface width is maintained. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Einstellung einer vorgewählten Kehrspiegelbreite eines um eine Achse drehbaren Walzenbesens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width of a roller broom rotatable about an axis according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Für die Reinigung von Oberflächen, wie Straßen oder Rollfeldern von Flugplätzen, werden bekanntlich Fahrzeuge mit drehbaren Walzenbesen eingesetzt. Wichtig für ein optimales Reinigungsergebnis ist dabei unter anderem der richtige Kehrspiegel bzw. die richtige Kehrspiegelbreite, also die Kontaktfläche zwischen dem drehbaren Walzenbesen und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche.As is well known, vehicles with rotating roller brushes are used to clean surfaces such as roads or tarmacs at airfields. Important for an optimal cleaning result is among other things the correct sweeping mirror or the correct sweeping mirror width, i.e. the contact area between the rotating roller brush and the surface to be cleaned.

Bei einem zu geringen Kehrspiegel ist das Reinigungsergebnis unbefriedigend, während bei einem zu großen Kehrspiegel ein übermäßiger Verschleiß des Walzenbesens eintritt. Außerdem führen bei der Reinigung von Straßen oder Rollfeldern Rückstände des Walzenbesens aufgrund des erhöhten Verschleisses zu einem erhöhten Sicherheitsrisiko.If the sweeping level is too low, the cleaning result is unsatisfactory, while if the sweeping level is too large, the roller brush will wear excessively. In addition, residues from the roller brush lead to an increased safety risk when cleaning roads or runways due to the increased wear.

Die Möglichkeit einer einmaligen manuellen Einstellung zu Beginn der Reinigungsarbeiten ist unzureichend, da durch den stetig eintretenden Verschleiß der Durchmesser des Walzenbesens abnimmt und sich dadurch der Kehrspiegel verringert. Auch eine in größeren Abständen vorgenommene Nacheinstellung bietet nur eine bedingt brauchbare Lösung, da sich die Reinigungseigenschaften durch Verringerung des Kehrspiegels zwischen zwei Einstellungen ständig verschlechtern und außerdem zur neuen Einstellung die Reinigungsarbeiten gegebenenfalls unterbrochen werden müssen.The possibility of a one-time manual adjustment at the beginning of the cleaning work is inadequate, since the diameter of the roller broom decreases due to the constant wear and tear and thus the sweeping level is reduced. Even a readjustment carried out at larger intervals offers only a conditionally usable solution, since the cleaning properties deteriorate continuously by reducing the sweeping level between two settings and, in addition, the cleaning work may have to be interrupted for the new setting.

Durch die DE-OS 37 40 215 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei welcher der Walzendurchmesser des Walzenbesens ermittelt wird, und bei welcher in Abhängigkeit des abnehmenden Durchmessers der Abstand der Achse des Walzenbesens von der zu reinigenden Oberfläche automatisch verändert wird. Dadurch läßt sich der Kehrspiegel jedoch nur in gewissen Grenzen in etwa konstant einhalten.From DE-OS 37 40 215 a device is known in which the roller diameter of the roller broom is determined and in which the distance of the axis of the roller broom from the surface to be cleaned is automatically changed as a function of the decreasing diameter. As a result, however, the sweeping mirror can only be kept approximately constant within certain limits.

Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung nach der DE-OS 37 40 215 sind Sensorstifte eines Sensors an einem Schwenkarm befestigt, wobei die Sensorstifte im Betrieb in Kontakt mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens kommen. Dabei erzeugen sie kontinuierlich Impulse, die in die Betätigungsvorrichtung eingespeist werden. Ist der Walzenbesen durch Verschleiß um ein bestimmtes Maß im Durchmesser kleiner geworden, so werden die Impulse unterbrochen. Sowohl der Walzenbesen als auch der Schwenkarm des Sensors müssen neu justiert werden, worauf in einer weiteren Phase wiederum Impulse erfaßt werden, bis durch den Verschleiß eine erneute Neueinstellung erforderlich wird.In this known device according to DE-OS 37 40 215, sensor pins of a sensor are fastened to a swivel arm, the sensor pins coming into contact with the outer surface of the roller broom during operation. They continuously generate pulses that are fed into the actuating device. If the roller brush becomes smaller in diameter due to wear, the impulses are interrupted. Both the roller brush and the swivel arm of the sensor have to be readjusted, whereupon pulses are again recorded in a further phase until a new readjustment is necessary due to the wear.

Die bekannte Vorrichtung ist ungenau, weil der Durchmesser des Walzenbesens nicht exakt ermittelt wird, sondern nur ein bestimmter Durchmesserbereich entsprechend einem zulässigen Verschleißmaß überwacht wird.The known device is inaccurate because the diameter of the roller broom is not exactly determined, but only a certain diameter range is monitored in accordance with an allowable degree of wear.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Einstellung einer vorgewählten Kehrspiegelbreite zu schaffen, welches eine wesentlich genauere Ermittlung des Walzendurchmessers des Walzenbesens sowie eine wesentlich genauere Einstellung einer gewünschten Kehrspiegelbreite ermöglicht, um ein optimales Reinigungsergebnis bei geringem Verschleiß zu erzielen.The invention has for its object to provide a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width, which enables a much more precise determination of the roller diameter of the roller brush and a much more precise setting of a desired sweeping mirror width in order to achieve an optimal cleaning result with little wear.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht nur darauf, lediglich den Walzendurchmesser des Walzenbesens zu ermitteln. Vielmehr wird zusätzlich in neuartiger Weise auch noch der Ist-Abstand zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche gemessen.The invention is not limited to determining only the roller diameter of the roller broom. Rather, the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned is also measured in a new way.

Diese Meßgröße wird mit dem Soll-Abstand verglichen, der sich aufgrund des erfaßten Walzendurchmessers ergibt. Bei Abweichungen der beiden Werte erfolgt dann eine Nachregelung auf den Soll-Abstand. Durch die zusätzliche Ermittlung des Ist-Abstandes zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche läßt sich also in vorteilhafter Weise eine Regelschaltung realisieren, um einen Abstand einzustellen, der einem gewünschten konstanten Kehrspiegel entspricht.This measured variable is compared with the target distance, which results from the recorded roll diameter. If the two values differ, the target distance is then readjusted. The additional determination of the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned can therefore advantageously be used to implement a control circuit in order to set a distance which corresponds to a desired constant sweeping level.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß der Ist-Abstand zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche fortlaufend gemessen wird, wobei eine zeitliche Mittelwertbildung der von der Meßeinrichtung gelieferten Meßwerte vorgenommen wird, um daraus den Ist-Abstand abzuleiten.In an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned is measured continuously, with the measured values supplied by the measuring device being averaged over time in order to derive the actual distance therefrom.

Durch die zeitliche Mittelwertbildung läßt sich auch unter Berücksichtigung von Unebenheiten der zu reinigenden Oberfläche die Höhe der statischen Ruhelage der Achse über der zu reinigenden Oberfläche ermitteln, und mit Hilfe des zusätzlich gemessenen Walzendurchmessers ist die Möglichkeit für eine Regelung des Abstandes zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche gegeben. Mit einer Regelschaltung läßt sich der Walzenbesen so über der Oberfläche halten, daß immer eine vorgewählte Kehrspiegelbreite gewährleistet ist.By taking the mean value over time, the height of the static rest position of the axis above the surface to be cleaned can also be determined, taking into account unevenness in the surface to be cleaned, and with the aid of the additionally measured roller diameter, it is possible to regulate the distance between the axis and the given cleaning surface. The roller brush can be held above the surface with a control circuit so that a pre-selected sweeping mirror width is always guaranteed.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß als Meßeinrichtung ein Ultraschallsensor verwendet wird, der an dem Stütz- und Führungsrahmen des Walzenbesens ortsfest angeordnet ist.A further development of the invention provides that an ultrasonic sensor is used as the measuring device, which is arranged in a stationary manner on the support and guide frame of the roller broom.

Mit Hilfe von Ultraschall läßt sich in an sich bekannter Weise auf einfachem Wege der Ist-Abstand zwischen der Achse des Walzenbesens und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche bestimmten, da Ultraschallsensoren an sich bekannt sind, was in wirtschaftlicher Hinsicht von Vorteil ist. Im übrigen besteht auch die Möglichkeit, den Ultraschallsensor nachträglich an einer Stütz- und Führungseinrichtung des Walzenbesens anzuordnen. Vorzugsweise wird der Ist-Abstand an unterschiedlichen Meßorten der Achse ermittelt. Diese Maßnahme trägt zur Gewährleistung einer zylindrischen Abnutzung des Walzenbesens bei.With the help of ultrasound, the actual distance between the axis of the roller broom and the surface to be cleaned can be determined in a known manner in a simple manner, since ultrasound sensors are known per se, which is advantageous in economic terms. Otherwise there is also the possibility of the ultrasonic sensor subsequently to be arranged on a support and guide device of the roller broom. The actual distance is preferably determined at different measuring locations on the axis. This measure helps to ensure cylindrical wear of the roller brush.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 6. Im Hinblick auf diese Vorrichtung liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine genaue Ermittlung des Durchmessers des Walzenbesens zu ermöglichen und die Voraussetzungen zu schaffen, eine genaue Einstellung des gewünschten Kehrspiegels durchzuführen, wobei der Kehrspiegel möglichst konstant bleiben soll. Dadurch soll die Voraussetzung für ein optimales Reinigungsergebnis geschaffen werden.The invention further relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 6. In view of this device, the invention has for its object to enable an accurate determination of the diameter of the roller broom and to create the conditions to perform an accurate adjustment of the desired sweeping mirror, the Sweeping level should remain as constant as possible. This is to create the prerequisite for an optimal cleaning result.

Dieses Ziel erreicht die Erfindung durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 6.The invention achieves this aim by the features of patent claim 6.

Durch die Meßeinrichtung besteht die Möglichkeit, den tatsächlichen Ist-Abstand zwischen der Achse des Walzenbesens und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche zu bestimmen, und mit Hilfe der weiterhin vorgesehenen Regelanordnung zum Vergleich des Soll-Abstandes mit dem Ist-Abstand und zur Erzeugung einer daraus abgeleiteten Einstellgröße kann der optimale Abstand der Achse festgelegt werden.The measuring device offers the possibility of determining the actual actual distance between the axis of the roller broom and the surface to be cleaned, and with the aid of the control arrangement which is also provided for comparing the desired distance with the actual distance and for generating a setting variable derived therefrom the optimal distance of the axis can be determined.

Es ist hervorzuheben, daß sowohl bei dem Verfahren als auch bei der Vorrichtung die Messung während des laufenden Kehrbetriebes erfolgt.It should be emphasized that both in the method and in the device, the measurement is carried out while the sweeper is running.

Zum besseren Verständis wird die Erfindung nachfolgend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische, schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht eines Walzenbesens im Reinigungsbetrieb und
  • Fig. 3 ein Prinzipschaltbild einer Regelschaltung bei einer Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1.
For better understanding, the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a perspective, schematic view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of a roller broom in the cleaning operation and
  • 3 shows a basic circuit diagram of a control circuit in a device according to FIG. 1.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Oberflächen ist in der Regel an einem Spezialfahrzeug angeordnet und mit diesem durch einen Stütz- und Führungsrahmen 40 verbunden. Der Führungsrahmen 40 lagert einen um eine Achse 12 drehbaren Walzenbesen 14, dessen Achse 12 mittels einer Stütz- und Führungseinrichtung 38 auf der zu reinigenden Oberfläche 10 abgestützt wird und im Abstand h mittels einer Verstelleinrichtung 16 verstellbar ist.The device for cleaning surfaces shown in FIG. 1 is generally arranged on a special vehicle and connected to it by a support and guide frame 40. The guide frame 40 supports a roller broom 14 which can be rotated about an axis 12, the axis 12 of which is supported on the surface 10 to be cleaned by means of a support and guide device 38 and can be adjusted at a distance h by means of an adjusting device 16.

Durch die Verstellbarkeit des Abstandes h läßt sich auch die Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Walzenbesen 14 und der Oberfläche 10 einstellen, wobei diese Fläche als Kehrspiegel bsp bezeichnet wird.The adjustability of the distance h also makes it possible to set the contact surface between the roller brush 14 and the surface 10, this surface being referred to as a sweeping mirror b s p.

Der Walzenbesen 14 wird durch eine Antriebsvorrichtung 36 in Drehrichtung d angetrieben und während des Reinigungsvorganges wird gleichzeitig die Vorrichtung in Richtung f über die zu reinigende Oberfläche verfahren. Der mittels der Verstelleinrichtung 16 veränderbare Abstand h und die damit zusammenhängende Größe des Kehrspiegels bsp sind für das Reinigungsergebnis von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung.The roller brush 14 is driven by a drive device 36 in the direction of rotation d and during the cleaning process the device is simultaneously moved in direction f over the surface to be cleaned. The distance h variable by means of the adjusting device 16 and the associated size of the sweeping mirror b s p are of crucial importance for the cleaning result.

Die Verstelleinrichtung 16 erhält zu diesem Zweck Steuersignale von einer Meß- und Steuervorrichtung 24, die über eine Sensoreinrichtung 18 den aktuellen Walzendurchmesser 2r ermittelt. Die Sensoreinrichtung 18 umfaßt einen auf einer Stange 34 angeordneten Tastkörper 22, der über eine Vorschubeinrichtung 26 auf den Walzenbesen 14 zu oder von diesem Weg bewegt werden kann. Außerdem sind eine Wegmeßeinrichtung 28 sowie ein Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 30 vorgesehen.For this purpose, the adjusting device 16 receives control signals from a measuring and control device 24, which determines the current roller diameter 2r via a sensor device 18. The sensor device 18 comprises a probe body 22 arranged on a rod 34, which can be moved towards or away from the roller brush 14 via a feed device 26. In addition, a displacement measuring device 28 and an acceleration sensor 30 are provided.

Zur Ermittlung des Walzendurchmessers 2r wird der Tastkörper 22 mittels der Vorschubeinrichtung 26 zunächst in Richtung des Walzenbesens verfahren. Zweckmäßig ist eine Anordnung der Vorschubeinrichtung 26 derart, daß die Verfahrrichtung senkrecht auf die Achse 12 erfolgt. In seiner Ausgangslage befindet sich der Tastkörper 22 in einem Abstand e von der Achse 12.To determine the roller diameter 2r, the probe body 22 is first moved in the direction of the roller broom by means of the feed device 26. It is expedient to arrange the feed device 26 such that the direction of travel is perpendicular to the axis 12. In its initial position, the probe body 22 is at a distance e from the axis 12.

Falls der Tastkörper 22 mit seiner Oberfläche 32 mit der Mantelfläche 20 des Walzenbesens in Berührung kommt, wird er durch die an der Oberfläche 32 entlangstreichenden Borsten des Walzenbesens 14 in Schwingungen versetzt. Diese Schwingungen können über einen Beschleunigungs-aufnehmer 30 z.B. als Körperschall erfaßt werden. Der Eintritt der von dem Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 30 aufge-nommenen Signalveränderung kann dann die Meß- und Steuervorrichtung 24 veranlassen, die Vorschubeinrichtung 26 anzuhalten.If the surface of the feeler body 22 comes into contact with the lateral surface 20 of the roller broom, it is set in motion by the bristles of the roller broom 14 running along the surface 32. These vibrations can be measured via an accelerometer 30 e.g. be recorded as structure-borne noise. The occurrence of the signal change recorded by the acceleration sensor 30 can then cause the measuring and control device 24 to stop the feed device 26.

Über die Wegmeßeinrichtung 28 läßt sich dann der zurückgelegte Verfahrweg z erfassen und der Walzendurchmesser ergibt sich dann aus der Differenz zwischen dem ursprünglichen Abstand e und dem Verfahrweg z. Nach Erfassung des Verfahrweges kann dann der Tastkörper 22 in umgekehrter Richtung wieder in seine Ausgangslage zurückbewegt werden.Via the path measuring device 28, the travel distance z can then be recorded and the roller diameter then results from the difference between the original distance e and the travel distance z. After detection of the travel path, the probe body 22 can then be moved back to its starting position in the opposite direction.

Aufgrund des so ermittelten Walzendurchmessers 2r läßt sich der für einen vorgegebenen Kehrspiegel bsp erforderliche Abstand h ermitteln, und zwar nach der Formel

Figure imgb0001
Wie die Zeichnung erkennen läßt, ist die der Mantelfläche 20 des Walzenbesens 14 zugewandte Oberfläche 32 des Tastkörpers 22 konvex ausgebildet. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Borsten des Walzenbesens 14 allmählich auf die Oberfläche 32 auf- und wieder ablaufen, so daß ein übermäßiger Verschleiß des Tastkörpers 22 und auch des Walzenbesens 14 an der Berührungsstelle vermieden wird.On the basis of the roller diameter 2r determined in this way, the distance h required for a predetermined sweeping mirror b s p can be determined, specifically using the formula
Figure imgb0001
 As the drawing shows, it is the man Tel surface 20 of the roller broom 14 facing surface 32 of the probe body 22 is convex. This has the advantage that the bristles of the roller brush 14 gradually run up and down on the surface 32, so that excessive wear of the probe body 22 and also of the roller brush 14 at the point of contact is avoided.

Außerdem ergibt sich eine sehr eindeutige Kontaktposition des Tastkörpers 22 mit der Mantelfläche 20 des Walzenbesens 14. Dies hat wiederum den Vorteil, daß sich der gewünschte Kehrspiegel bsp sehr genau einstellen läßt und damit optimale Reinigungsergebnisse erzielt werden können.In addition, there is a very clear contact position of the probe body 22 with the lateral surface 20 of the roller broom 14. This in turn has the advantage that the desired sweeping mirror b s p can be set very precisely and optimal cleaning results can thus be achieved.

Um die Gleichmäßigkeit des Walzendurchmessers ermitteln zu können, wird zweckmäßig an mehreren Meßorten, z.B. an den Meßorten a und b, gemessen. Dazu können einmal mehrere, z.B. zwei, Sensoreinrichtungen 18 vorgesehen sein, oder es läßt sich auch eine einzige Sensoreinrichtung 18 verwenden, die dann axial zu den unterschiedlichen Meßorten, z.B. a und b, verfahren wird.In order to be able to determine the uniformity of the roller diameter, it is advisable to use several measuring locations, e.g. measured at the measuring points a and b. Several, e.g. two sensor devices 18 can be provided, or a single sensor device 18 can also be used, which is then axially connected to the different measuring locations, e.g. a and b.

Wird eine ungleichmäßige Abnutzung festgestellt, so läßt sich der Walzenbesen 14 dann unterschiedlich zur Oberfläche 10 ausrichten, so daß der Verschleißunterschied wieder ausgeglichen und weiterhin ein gleichmäßiger Kehrspiegel bsp erzielt wird. Auf diese Weise kann bis zu einem vollständigen Verschleiß des Walzenbesens 14 die Reinigungswirkung über die ganze Besenbreite optimal gehalten werden.If uneven wear is found, the roller brush 14 can then be aligned differently from the surface 10, so that the difference in wear is compensated for again and a uniform sweeping level b s p is achieved. In this way, the cleaning effect can be kept optimal over the entire width of the broom until the roller brush 14 is completely worn.

Vorzugsweise wird der Tastkörper 22 nur in vorgegebenen zeitlichen Abständen an die Mantelfläche 20 des Walzenbesens 14 herangeführt, und danach wieder zurückgezogen.The probe body 22 is preferably only brought to the lateral surface 20 of the roller broom 14 at predetermined time intervals, and then withdrawn again.

Auch dadurch wird der Verschleiß sowohl des Tastkörpers 20 als auch des Walzenbesens 14 vermindert. Da die Meßwerterfassung sehr wenig Zeit beansprucht, können die Messungen in kurzen zeitlichen Abständen wiederholt werden, so daß unter Beibehaltung des Vorteils eines geringen Verschleisses bei verstärktem Besenverschleiß eine der Aufgabenstellung angepaßte Überwachung und Messung des Walzendurchmessers 2r möglich ist.This also reduces the wear on both the probe body 20 and the roller brush 14. Since the measured value acquisition takes up very little time, the measurements can be repeated at short time intervals, so that monitoring and measurement of the roller diameter 2r, adapted to the task, is possible while maintaining the advantage of low wear with increased brush wear.

Zur weiteren Verbesserung der Reinigungswirkung ist auch die Antriebsvorrichtung 36 für den Walzenbesen 14 mit der Steuervorrichtung 24 verbunden. Dabei wird der Walzenbesen 14 derart gesteuert, daß die Drehzahl in Abhängigkeit des Walzendurchmessers 2r zur Erzielung einer konstanten Umfangsgeschwindigkeit verändert wird. Bei dieser Steuerung läßt sich die bereits beschriebene Sensoreinrichtung 18 sowie die Steuervorrichtung 24 mit ausnutzen.To further improve the cleaning effect, the drive device 36 for the roller brush 14 is also connected to the control device 24. The roller brush 14 is controlled in such a way that the rotational speed is changed as a function of the roller diameter 2r in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed. With this control, the sensor device 18 already described and the control device 24 can also be used.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Walzenbesens 14 im Kehrbetrieb. Dabei besteht eine Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Walzenbesen 14 und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche, die hier als Kehrspiegel bsp dargestellt ist. Außerdem sind noch der Abstand h und der halbe Walzendurchmesser r dargestellt. Aus diesen Größen läßt sich der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Abstand h, dem Walzendurchmesser 2r sowie dem Kehrspiegel bsp gemäß der weiter oben erwähnten Formel herleiten.Fig. 2 shows a side view of the roller brush 14 in the sweeping mode. There is a contact surface between the roller brush 14 and the surface to be cleaned, which is shown here as a sweeping mirror b s p. The distance h and half the roll diameter r are also shown. The relationship between the distance h, the roller diameter 2r and the sweeping mirror b s p can be derived from these variables in accordance with the formula mentioned above.

In der soweit beschriebenen Art läßt sich aufgrund des ermittelten Walzendurchmessers 2r der für einen vorgegebenen Kehrspiegel bsp erforderliche Abstand h ermitteln und einstellen. Es fehlt jedoch noch eine Kontrolle über den nach der Einstellung tatsächlich vorhandenen Ist-Abstand h,st, der für die tatsächliche Kehrspiegelbreite bsp maßgeblich ist.In the manner described so far, the distance h required for a predetermined sweeping mirror b s p can be determined and set on the basis of the determined roller diameter 2r. However, there is still no control over the actual distance h, st that actually exists after the setting, which is decisive for the actual sweeping mirror width b s p.

Um nicht nur eine starre Einstellung, sondern eine Regelung des Abstandes der Achse 12 über der Oberfläche 10 und damit eine optimale Einstellung einer gewünschten Kehrspiegelbreite bsp zu ermöglichen, wird gemäß Fig. 3 während des Kehrbetriebes kontinuierlich der Abstand h der Achse 12 über der Oberfläche 10 ermittelt.In order to enable not only a rigid setting, but a regulation of the distance of the axis 12 above the surface 10 and thus an optimal setting of a desired sweeping mirror width b s p, the distance h of the axis 12 above the is continuously during the sweeping operation Surface 10 determined.

Zu diesem Zweck ist an dem Stütz- und Führungsrahmen 40 ein Ultraschallsensor 42 angeordnet, der fortlaufend den tatsächlichen Ist-Abstand h,st ermittelt. Durch eine zeitliche Mittelwertbildung des von dem Ultraschallsensor 42 gelieferten Abstandsmasses zur Oberfläche 10 wird die Höhe der statischen Ruhelage der Achse 12 über der Oberfläche 10 ermittelt.For this purpose, an ultrasonic sensor 42 is arranged on the support and guide frame 40, which continuously determines the actual distance h, st . The height of the static rest position of the axis 12 above the surface 10 is determined by a temporal averaging of the distance to the surface 10 provided by the ultrasonic sensor 42.

Zusammen mit der voranstehend beschriebenen Messung des Walzendurchmessers 2r kann nun für die Regelung der Höhe h der Achse 12 über der Oberfläche 10 der Sollwert der Höhe hson der Achse 12 gemäß der voranstehend angegebenen Formel festgelegt werden.Together with the measurement of the roller diameter 2r described above, the setpoint value for the height h son of the axis 12 can now be determined for the control of the height h of the axis 12 above the surface 10 in accordance with the formula given above.

Mit Hilfe einer in Fig. 3 dargestellten Regelanordnung 44 ist es möglich, den Walzenbesen 14 so über die Oberfläche 10 zu halten, daß immer eine vorgewählte Kehrspiegelbreite bsp gewährleistet ist. Die Regelanordnung 44 umfaßt einen Regler 46, dem die Verstelleinrichtung 16 nachgeschaltet ist. An die Verstelleinrichtung 16 schließt sich ein Meßumwandler 48 an, wodurch der Regelkreis geschlossen wird.With the aid of a control arrangement 44 shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to hold the roller brush 14 over the surface 10 in such a way that a preselected sweeping mirror width b s p is always guaranteed. The control arrangement 44 comprises a controller 46, which is followed by the adjusting device 16. A measuring transducer 48 connects to the adjusting device 16, as a result of which the control loop is closed.

Wenn sich aufgrund des auf der Basis des Walzendurchmessers 2r ermittelten Soll-Abstandes hsoll und zwischen dem tatsächlich ermittelten Ist-Abstand h,st eine Abweichung ergibt, bewirkt die Regelanordnung 44 eine Nachregelung in dem Sinne, daß der Soll-Abstand über die Verstelleinrichtung 16 eingestellt wird, um die vorgewählte Kehrspiegelbreite bsp einzuhalten.If due to the 2r on the basis of the roll diameter determined nominal distance h is intended and actual distance actually determined between the h, st a deviation arises, causes the control device 44, a readjustment in the sense that the desired distance above the adjustment device 16 is set to maintain the preselected sweeping mirror width b s p.

Claims (9)

1. Verfahren zur Einstellung einer vorgewählten Kehrspiegelbreite eines um eine Achse drehbaren Walzenbesens zum Reinigen von Oberflächen, wie Straßen, Rollfelder von Flugplätzen oder dergleichen, wobei der Abstand zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche zur Einstellung des Kehrspiegels verändert wird, und wobei zur Bemessung des Soll-Abstandes der Walzendurchmesser mittels einer Sensorrichtung erfaßt wird, indem ein Tastkörper in Kontakt mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens gebracht wird und daraus der erforderliche Abstand mittels einer Verstelleinrichtung eingestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ist-Abstand zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche mit einer Meßeinrichtung gemessen und mit dem sich aufgrund des erfaßten Walzendurchmessers ergebenden Soll-Abstand verglichen wird, und daß bei Abweichungen die Verstelleinrichtung zur Nachregelung auf den Soll-Abstand von einem Regler angesteuert wird.1. Procedure for hiring a preselected one Sweeping mirror width of a roller broom rotatable about an axis for cleaning surfaces, such as roads, taxiways from airfields or the like, the distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned being changed in order to adjust the sweeping mirror, and the roller diameter being dimensioned by means of dimensioning the desired distance a sensor direction is detected by bringing a probe into contact with the lateral surface of the roller broom and adjusting the required distance therefrom by means of an adjusting device, characterized in that the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned is measured with a measuring device and with the setpoint distance resulting from the recorded roll diameter is compared, and that in the event of deviations, the adjusting device is readjusted to the setpoint distance by a controller. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ist-Abstand zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche fortlaufend gemessen wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actual distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned is measured continuously. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zeitliche Mittelwertbildung der von der Meßeinrichtung gelieferten Meßwerte vorgenommen wird, um daraus den Ist-Abstand abzuleiten.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a temporal averaging of the measured values supplied by the measuring device is carried out in order to derive the actual distance therefrom. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Meßeinrichtung ein Ultraschallsensor verwendet wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an ultrasonic sensor is used as the measuring device. 5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ist-Abstand an unterschiedlichen Meßorten der Achse ermittelt wird.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actual distance is determined at different measuring locations of the axis. 6. Vorrichtung zur Einstellung einer vorgewählten Kehrspiegelbreite eines um eine Achse (12) drehbaren Walzenbesens (14) zur Reinigung von Oberflächen (10), wie Straßen, Rollfelder oder dergleichen, mit einer Verstelleinrichtung (16) für den Abstand (h) zwischen der Achse (12) und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche (10) zur Einstellung des Kehrspiegels (bsp), wobei eine Sensoreinrichtung (18) zur Erfassung des Walzendurchmessers (2r) vorgesehen ist, die einen in Kontakt mit der Mantelfläche (20) des Walzenbesens (14) bringbaren Tastkörper (22) umfaßt, sowie mit einer zwischen der Sensoreinrichtung (18) und der Verstelleinrichtung (16) angeordneten Meß- und Steuervorrichtung (24), mittels welcher der Kehrspiegel (bsp) des Walzenbesens (14) über die Verstelleinrichtung (16) in Abhängigkeit des Walzendurchmessers (2r) einstellbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Meßeinrichtung (42) zur Ermittlung des tatsächlichen Ist-Abstandes (hist) zwischen der Achse (12) und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche (10) sowie eine Regelanordnung (44) zum Vergleich des Soll-Abstandes (hson) mit dem Ist-Abstand (hist) und zur Erzeugung einer Einstellgröße des Abstandes (h) der Achse (12) auf den Soll-Abstand (hson) vorgesehen sind.6. Device for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width of a roller broom (14) rotatable about an axis (12) for cleaning surfaces (10), such as roads, runways or the like, with an adjusting device (16) for the distance (h) between the axis (12) and the surface to be cleaned (10) for adjusting the sweeping level (b s p), a sensor device (18) for detecting the roller diameter (2r) being provided which is in contact with the lateral surface (20) of the roller broom ( 14) bringable probe body (22), and with a measuring and control device (24) arranged between the sensor device (18) and the adjusting device (16), by means of which the sweeping mirror (b s p) of the roller broom (14) via the adjusting device (16) can be set as a function of the roller diameter (2r), characterized in that a measuring device (42) for determining the actual actual distance (h ist ) between the axis (12) and the cleaning surface (10) and a control arrangement (44) for comparing the desired distance (hson) with the actual distance (h ist ) and for generating a setting variable of the distance (h) of the axis (12) to the desired distance ( hson) are provided. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßeinrichtung durch einen Ultraschallsensor (42) gebildet ist, der an einem Stütz- und Führungsrahmen (40) des Walzenbesens (14) angeordnet ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the measuring device is formed by an ultrasonic sensor (42) which is arranged on a support and guide frame (40) of the roller broom (14). 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Ultraschallsensoren an unterschiedlichen Stellen der Achse angeordnet sind.8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a plurality of ultrasonic sensors are arranged at different locations on the axis. 9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sensoreinrichtung (18) eine Vorschubeinrichtung (26), auf welcher der Tastkörper (22) angeordnet ist, sowie eine Wegmeßeinrichtung (28) und einen Beschleunigungsaufnehmer (30) umfaßt.9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the sensor device (18) comprises a feed device (26) on which the probe body (22) is arranged, and a displacement measuring device (28) and an acceleration sensor (30).
EP92114964A 1988-12-07 1989-11-11 Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush Expired - Lifetime EP0526907B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

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DE3841177 1988-12-07
DE19883841177 DE3841177A1 (en) 1988-12-07 1988-12-07 Method and apparatus for setting a preselected sweeping level of a revolving brush
DE19883841178 DE3841178A1 (en) 1988-12-07 1988-12-07 Method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces
DE3841178 1988-12-07
EP89120952A EP0372258B1 (en) 1988-12-07 1989-11-11 Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush

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DE102007023578A1 (en) 2007-05-21 2008-11-27 Fraport Ag Frankfurt Airport Services Worldwide sweeper

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NO176111B (en) 1994-10-24
NO940010D0 (en) 1994-01-03
EP0372258A2 (en) 1990-06-13
JPH03115610A (en) 1991-05-16
DE58908709D1 (en) 1995-01-12
US5015300A (en) 1991-05-14
CA2004772C (en) 1994-11-29
NO176111C (en) 1995-02-08
NO940010L (en) 1990-06-08
DE58905387D1 (en) 1993-09-30
CA2004772A1 (en) 1990-06-07
NO894801D0 (en) 1989-11-30
EP0526907B1 (en) 1994-11-30
EP0372258B1 (en) 1993-08-25
EP0372258A3 (en) 1991-03-06
NO894801L (en) 1990-06-08

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