EP0372258B1 - Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0372258B1
EP0372258B1 EP89120952A EP89120952A EP0372258B1 EP 0372258 B1 EP0372258 B1 EP 0372258B1 EP 89120952 A EP89120952 A EP 89120952A EP 89120952 A EP89120952 A EP 89120952A EP 0372258 B1 EP0372258 B1 EP 0372258B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylindrical brush
cylindrical
adjusting
roller
brush
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89120952A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0372258A3 (en
EP0372258A2 (en
Inventor
Konrad Dr.-Ing. Leers
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Schorling & Co Waggonbau GmbH
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Schorling & Co Waggonbau GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19883841178 external-priority patent/DE3841178A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19883841177 external-priority patent/DE3841177A1/en
Application filed by Schorling & Co Waggonbau GmbH filed Critical Schorling & Co Waggonbau GmbH
Priority to EP92114964A priority Critical patent/EP0526907B1/en
Publication of EP0372258A2 publication Critical patent/EP0372258A2/en
Publication of EP0372258A3 publication Critical patent/EP0372258A3/en
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Publication of EP0372258B1 publication Critical patent/EP0372258B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/02—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt
    • E01H1/05—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes
    • E01H1/056—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes having horizontal axes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/02—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt
    • E01H1/05—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width of a roller broom rotatable about an axis according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • vehicles with rotating roller brushes are used to clean surfaces such as roads or tarmacs at airfields.
  • Important for an optimal cleaning result is among other things the correct sweeping mirror or the correct sweeping mirror width, i.e. the contact area between the rotating roller brush and the surface to be cleaned.
  • sensor pins of a sensor are fastened to a swivel arm, the sensor pins coming into contact with the outer surface of the roller broom during operation. They continuously generate pulses that are fed into the actuating device. If the roller brush becomes smaller in diameter due to wear, the impulses are interrupted. Both the roller brush and the swivel arm of the sensor have to be readjusted, whereupon pulses are again recorded in a further phase until a new readjustment is necessary due to the wear.
  • the known device is inaccurate because the diameter of the roller broom is not exactly determined, but rather only a certain diameter range is monitored in accordance with a permissible degree of wear.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width, which enables a much more precise determination of the roller diameter of the roller brush and a much more precise setting of a desired sweeping mirror width in order to achieve an optimal cleaning result with little wear.
  • the travel path is measured, which is covered between an initial position of the probe body and a position in which the probe body comes into contact with the lateral surface of the roller broom.
  • the contact with the rotating roller broom causes the bristles of the roller broom to slide along the feeler body, thereby causing it to vibrate by means of an accelerometer can be clearly recorded.
  • roller diameter is determined at least at two different measuring locations on the lateral surface of the roller broom.
  • Different wear can be recognized and e.g. can be compensated for by changing the distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned.
  • the sweeping level and consequently the cleaning result can be kept constant over the entire length of the roller brush.
  • the probe body is applied to the lateral surface only at predetermined time intervals.
  • the costs for the production of the corresponding device and the maintenance costs can be kept low and a high level of functional reliability achieved by using conventional components.
  • a further development of the invention provides that the rotational speed of the roller broom is controlled as a function of the roller diameter in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed.
  • This measure contributes to a further improvement in the cleaning effect, and the existing devices for determining the roller diameter can also be used for controlling the speed.
  • the invention further relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • the invention has for its object to enable an accurate determination of the diameter of the roller broom and to create the conditions to perform an accurate adjustment of the desired sweeping mirror, the Sweeping level should remain as constant as possible. This should create the prerequisite for an optimal cleaning result.
  • the probe body can be moved by the feed device from an initial position in the direction of the roller broom, whereby the contact point of the probe body with the lateral surface of the roller broom can be determined.
  • This contact point can be identified in that the bristles of the roller brush slide over the probe body during operation and thereby excite it to vibrate.
  • the vibrations can be detected and evaluated using an accelerometer.
  • the path between the starting position of the probe body and the position in which contact with the lateral surface of the roller broom can be exactly determined via the path measuring device.
  • the device also makes it possible to repeat the determination of the roller broom diameter more frequently in order to be able to check the correctness of the measurement itself and to register progressive wear on the roller broom and to bring about a corresponding change in the adjusting device.
  • the probe body is formed with a convex surface facing the lateral surface of the roller broom, the probe body being arranged on a longitudinally displaceable rod of the feed device.
  • This configuration of the surface ensures that when the probe body touches the outer surface of the roller broom, the bristles gradually slide up and down, thereby protecting both the roller brush and the probe body from excessive wear and also having a clear point of contact on the probe body the bristles is created, which is advantageous for the accuracy of the measurement.
  • the feeler body Due to the longitudinally movable rod, the feeler body can be moved exactly in the direction of the axis, regardless of the respective roller diameter, so that the additional travel path that must be covered by the feed device represents exactly a measure of the decrease in the diameter of the roller broom. A complicated conversion of the measurement data can therefore be omitted.
  • two sensor devices are arranged at different measuring locations on the lateral surface of the roller broom.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that a sensor device is provided which can be moved axially parallel to the roller broom to different measuring locations.
  • This configuration makes it possible to detect uneven wear on the roller broom and, for example, to compensate for it by means of different changes in the distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned so that a uniform sweeping level is achieved.
  • the described configuration can also be used advantageously when the roller broom is checked for wear and for device malfunctions.
  • the probe body rests on the lateral surface only at predetermined time intervals.
  • the accelerometer is designed as a structure-borne sound receiver.
  • the device can be constructed inexpensively.
  • a drive device is advantageous of the invention provided for the roller broom, which is connected to the measuring and control device and controlled in such a way that the speed can be controlled as a function of the roller diameter in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed.
  • both the method and the device measure the center distance during the sweeping operation.
  • the device for cleaning surfaces shown in Fig. 1 is usually arranged on a special vehicle and connected to it by a support and guide frame 40 ⁇ .
  • the guide frame 40 ⁇ supports a roller broom 14 which can be rotated about an axis 12, the axis 12 of which is supported on the surface 10 ⁇ to be cleaned by means of a support and guide device 38 and can be adjusted at a distance h by means of an adjusting device 16.
  • the adjustability of the distance h also allows the contact area between the roller brush 14 and the surface 10 ⁇ to be set, this area being referred to as a sweeping mirror b sp .
  • the roller brush 14 is driven by a drive device 36 in the direction of rotation d and during the cleaning process the device is simultaneously moved in direction f over the surface to be cleaned.
  • the distance h which can be changed by means of the adjusting device 16 and the associated size of the sweeping mirror b sp are of crucial importance for the cleaning result.
  • the adjusting device 16 receives control signals from a measuring and control device 24, which determines the current roller diameter 2r via a sensor device 18.
  • the sensor device 18 comprises a probe body 22 arranged on a rod 34, which can be moved towards or away from the roller brush 14 via a feed device 26.
  • a displacement measuring device 28 and an acceleration sensor 30 ⁇ are provided.
  • the probe body 22 is first moved in the direction of the roller broom by means of the feed device 26. It is expedient to arrange the feed device 26 such that the direction of travel is perpendicular to the axis 12. In its initial position, the probe body 22 is at a distance e from the axis 12.
  • the surface of the probe body 22 comes into contact with the lateral surface 20 ⁇ of the roller broom, it is caused to vibrate by the bristles of the roller broom 14 running along the surface 32.
  • These vibrations can be accelerometer 30 ⁇ e.g. be recorded as structure-borne noise.
  • the occurrence of the signal change recorded by the accelerometer 30 ⁇ can then cause the measuring and control device 24 to stop the feed device 26.
  • the travel distance z can then be recorded and the roller diameter then results from the difference between the original distance e and the travel distance z. After detection of the travel path, the probe body 22 can then be moved back to its starting position in the opposite direction.
  • the surface 32 of the roller broom 14 facing surface 32 of the probe body 22 is convex. This has the advantage that the bristles of the roller brush 14 gradually run up and down on the surface 32, so that excessive wear of the probe body 22 and also of the roller brush 14 at the point of contact is avoided.
  • measurements are expediently carried out at several measuring locations, for example at measuring locations a and b.
  • several, for example two, sensor devices 18 can be provided, or a single sensor device 18 can also be used, which is then moved axially to the different measuring locations, for example a and b.
  • the roller brush 14 can then be aligned differently from the surface 10 ⁇ , so that the difference in wear is compensated for again and a uniform sweeping level b sp is achieved. In this way, the cleaning effect can be kept optimal over the entire width of the broom until the roller brush 14 is completely worn.
  • the probe body 22 is only brought to the lateral surface 20 ⁇ of the roller broom 14 at predetermined time intervals, and then withdrawn again. This also reduces the wear on both the probe body 20 ⁇ and the roller brush 14. Since the measured value acquisition takes up very little time, the measurements can be repeated at short time intervals, so that monitoring and measurement of the roller diameter 2r, adapted to the task, is possible while maintaining the advantage of low wear with increased brush wear.
  • the drive device 36 for the roller brush 14 is also connected to the control device 24.
  • the roller brush 14 is controlled in such a way that the rotational speed is changed as a function of the roller diameter 2r in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed.
  • the sensor device 18 already described and the control device 24 can also be used.
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of the roller brush 14 in the sweeping mode.
  • a contact surface between the roller brush 14 and the surface to be cleaned which is shown here as a sweeping mirror b sp .
  • the distance h and half the roll diameter r are also shown.
  • the relationship between the distance h, the roller diameter 2r and the sweeping mirror b sp can be derived from these variables in accordance with the formula mentioned above.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Einstellung einer vorgewählten Kehrspiegelbreite eines um eine Achse drehbaren Walzenbesens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width of a roller broom rotatable about an axis according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Für die Reinigung von Oberflächen, wie Straßen oder Rollfeldern von Flugplätzen, werden bekanntlich Fahrzeuge mit drehbaren Walzenbesen eingesetzt. Wichtig für ein optimales Reinigungsergebnis ist dabei unter anderem der richtige Kehrspiegel bzw. die richtige Kehrspiegelbreite, also die Kontaktfläche zwischen dem drehbaren Walzenbesen und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche.As is well known, vehicles with rotating roller brushes are used to clean surfaces such as roads or tarmacs at airfields. Important for an optimal cleaning result is among other things the correct sweeping mirror or the correct sweeping mirror width, i.e. the contact area between the rotating roller brush and the surface to be cleaned.

Bei einem zu geringen Kehrspiegel ist das Reinigungsergebnis unbefriedigend, während bei einem zu großen Kehrspiegel ein übermäßiger Verschieiß des Walzenbesens eintritt. Außerdem führen bei der Reinigung von Straßen oder Rollfeldern Rückstände des Walzenbesens aufgrund des erhöhten Verschleisses zu einem erhöhten Sicherheitsrisiko.If the sweeping level is too low, the cleaning result is unsatisfactory, while if the sweeping level is too large, the roller brush is excessively worn. In addition, residues from the roller brush lead to an increased safety risk when cleaning roads or runways due to the increased wear.

Die Möglichkeit einer einmaligen manuellen Einstellung zu Beginn der Reinigungsarbeiten ist unzureichend, da durch den stetig eintretenden Verschleiß der Durchmesser des Walzenbesens abnimmt und sich dadurch der Kehrspiegel verringert. Auch eine in größeren Abständen vorgenommene Nacheinstellung bietet nur eine bedingt brauchbare Lösung, da sich die Reinigungseigenschaften durch Verringerung des Kehrspiegels zwischen zwei Einstellungen ständig verschlechtern und außerdem zur neuen Einstellung die Reinigungsarbeiten gegebenenfalls unterbrochen werden müssen.The possibility of a one-time manual adjustment at the beginning of the cleaning work is inadequate, since the diameter of the roller broom decreases due to the constant wear and tear and thus the sweeping level is reduced. Even a readjustment carried out at larger intervals offers only a conditionally usable solution, since the cleaning properties deteriorate continuously by reducing the sweeping level between two settings and, in addition, the cleaning work may have to be interrupted for the new setting.

Durch die DE-A-37 40̸ 215 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei welcher der Walzendurchmesser des Walzenbesens ermittelt wird, und bei welcher in Abhängigkeit des abnehmenden Durchmessers der Abstand der Achse des Walzenbesens von der zu reinigenden Oberfläche automatisch verändert wird. Dadurch läßt sich der Kehrspiegel jedoch nur in gewissen Grenzen in etwa konstant einhalten.From DE-A-37 40-215 a device is known in which the roller diameter of the roller broom is determined and in which the distance of the axis of the roller broom from the surface to be cleaned is automatically changed as a function of the decreasing diameter. As a result, however, the sweeping mirror can only be kept approximately constant within certain limits.

Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung nach der DE-A-37 40̸ 215 sind Sensorstifte eines Sensors an einem Schwenkarm befestigt, wobei die Sensorstifte im Betrieb in Kontakt mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens kommen. Dabei erzeugen sie kontinuierlich Impulse, die in die Betätigungsvorrichtung eingespeist werden. Ist der Walzenbesen durch Verschleiß um ein bestimmtes Maß im Durchmesser kleiner geworden, so werden die Impulse unterbrochen. Sowohl der Walzenbesen als auch der Schwenkarm des Sensors müssen neu justiert werden, worauf in einer weiteren Phase wiederum Impulse erfaßt werden, bis durch den Verschleiß eine erneute Neueinstellung erforderlich wird.In this known device according to DE-A-37 40-215 sensor pins of a sensor are fastened to a swivel arm, the sensor pins coming into contact with the outer surface of the roller broom during operation. They continuously generate pulses that are fed into the actuating device. If the roller brush becomes smaller in diameter due to wear, the impulses are interrupted. Both the roller brush and the swivel arm of the sensor have to be readjusted, whereupon pulses are again recorded in a further phase until a new readjustment is necessary due to the wear.

Die bekannte Vorrichtung ist ungenau, weil der Durchmesser des Walzenbesens nicht exakt ermittelt wird, sondern nur ein bestimmter Durchmesserbereich entsprechend einem zulässigen Verschleißmaß überwacht wird.The known device is inaccurate because the diameter of the roller broom is not exactly determined, but rather only a certain diameter range is monitored in accordance with a permissible degree of wear.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Einstellung einer vorgewählten Kehrspiegelbreite zu schaffen, welches eine wesentlich genauere Ermittlung des Walzendurchmessers des Walzenbesens sowie eine wesentlich genauere Einstellung einer gewünschten Kehrspiegelbreite ermöglicht, um ein optimales Reinigungsergebnis bei geringem Verschleiß zu erzielen.The invention has for its object to provide a method for setting a preselected sweeping mirror width, which enables a much more precise determination of the roller diameter of the roller brush and a much more precise setting of a desired sweeping mirror width in order to achieve an optimal cleaning result with little wear.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird also der Verfahrweg gemessen, der zwischen einer Ausgangslage des Tastkörpers und einer Lage zurückgelegt wird, in der der Tastkörper in Kontakt mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens gerät. Der Kontakt mit dem drehenden Walzenbesen bewirkt, daß die Borsten des Walzenbesens auf dem Tastkörper entlanggleiten und ihn dabei in Schwingungen versetzen, die mittels eines Beschleunigungsaufnehmers eindeutig erfaßt werden können. Dabei tritt ein so scharfer Übergang zwischen der Nichterregung des Tastkörpers und der Erregung durch die entlanggleitenden Borsten ein, daß eine exakte Messung des Verfahrweges möglich ist.In the method according to the invention, therefore, the travel path is measured, which is covered between an initial position of the probe body and a position in which the probe body comes into contact with the lateral surface of the roller broom. The contact with the rotating roller broom causes the bristles of the roller broom to slide along the feeler body, thereby causing it to vibrate by means of an accelerometer can be clearly recorded. There is such a sharp transition between the non-excitation of the probe body and the excitation from the bristles sliding along that an exact measurement of the travel path is possible.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß der Walzendurchmesser wenigstens an zwei unterschiedlichen Meßorten der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens ermittelt wird.A further development of the invention provides that the roller diameter is determined at least at two different measuring locations on the lateral surface of the roller broom.

Dadurch kann unterschiedlicher Verschleiß erkannt und z.B. durch unterschiedliche Änderung des Abstandes zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche ausgeglichen werden. Der Kehrspiegel und demzufolge das Reinigungsergebnis lassen sich auf diese Weise über die gesamte Länge des Walzenbesens konstant halten.Different wear can be recognized and e.g. can be compensated for by changing the distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned. The sweeping level and consequently the cleaning result can be kept constant over the entire length of the roller brush.

Bei der Erfindung wird der Tastkörper nur in vorgegebenen zeitlichen Abständen an die Mantelfläche angelegt.In the invention, the probe body is applied to the lateral surface only at predetermined time intervals.

Dies trägt zu einer Verschleißminderung des Tastkörpers bei, so daß eine außerordentlich hohe Lebensdauer erzielt wird und Neueinstellungen der Sensoreinrichtung nur in großen Wartungsintervallen vorgenommen werden müssen. Da die Meßzeiten aufgrund der eindeutigen Anzeige eines Kontaktes mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens sehr gering gehalten werden können, lassen sich die mit dieser Maßnahme erzielten vorteilhaften Eigenschaften auch dann aufrechterhalten, wenn die einzelnen Messungen aufgrund eines stärkeren Besenverschleisses in verhältnismäßig kurzen zeitlichen Abständen vorgenommen werden, um eine der Aufgabenstellung angepaßte Nachstellung des Walzenbesens und damit des Kehrspiegels zu ermöglichen.This contributes to a reduction in wear on the probe body, so that an extraordinarily long service life is achieved and readjustments of the sensor device only need to be carried out at large maintenance intervals. Since the measuring times can be kept very short due to the clear indication of contact with the lateral surface of the roller broom, the advantageous properties achieved with this measure can also be maintained if the individual measurements are carried out at relatively short intervals due to a greater brush wear to enable a re-adjustment of the roller brush and thus of the sweeping mirror adapted to the task.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, den Kontakt mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens durch Körperschall zu ermitteln.It is particularly expedient to determine the contact with the outer surface of the roller broom by structure-borne noise.

Hierdurch lassen sich durch Verwendung konventionaller Bauelemente die Kosten für die Herstellung der entsprechenden Vorrichtung sowie die Wartungskosten gering halten und eine hohe Funktionssicherheit erzielen.As a result, the costs for the production of the corresponding device and the maintenance costs can be kept low and a high level of functional reliability achieved by using conventional components.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Drehzahl des Walzenbesens in Abhängigkeit des Walzendurchmessers zur Erzielung einer konstanten Umfangsgeschwindigkeit gesteuert wird.A further development of the invention provides that the rotational speed of the roller broom is controlled as a function of the roller diameter in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed.

Diese Maßnahme trägt zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der Reinigungswirkung bei, wobei die bereits vorhandenen Einrichtungen zur Ermittlung des Walzendurchmessers auch für die Steuerung der Drehzahl mit ausgenutzt werden können.This measure contributes to a further improvement in the cleaning effect, and the existing devices for determining the roller diameter can also be used for controlling the speed.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 5. Im Hinblick auf diese Vorrichtung liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine genaue Ermittlung des Durchmessers des Walzenbesens zu ermöglichen und die Voraussetzungen zu schaffen, eine genaue Einstellung des gewünschten Kehrspiegels durchzuführen, wobei der Kehrspiegel möglichst konstant bleiben soll. Dadurch soll die Voraussetzung für ein optimales Reinigungsergebnis geschaffen werden.The invention further relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 5. In view of this device, the invention has for its object to enable an accurate determination of the diameter of the roller broom and to create the conditions to perform an accurate adjustment of the desired sweeping mirror, the Sweeping level should remain as constant as possible. This should create the prerequisite for an optimal cleaning result.

Dieses Ziel erreicht die Erfindung durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 5.The invention achieves this aim by the features of patent claim 5.

Hierbei läßt sich der Tastkörper durch die Vorschubeinrichtung aus einer Anfangsstellung in Richtung des Walzenbesens verschieben, wodurch der Kontaktpunkt des Tastkörpers mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens ermittelt werden kann. Dieser Kontaktpunkt ist dadurch identifizierbar, daß die Borsten des Walzenbesens im Betrieb über den Tastkörper hinweggleiten und ihn dabei zu Schwingungen anregen. Die Schwingungen können mittels eines Beschleunigunsaufnehmers erfaßt und ausgewertet werden. Über die Wegmeßeinrichtung läßt sich der Weg zwischen der Ausgangsstellung des Tastkörpers und der Stellung, in der ein Kontakt mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens eintritt, exakt ermitteln.Here, the probe body can be moved by the feed device from an initial position in the direction of the roller broom, whereby the contact point of the probe body with the lateral surface of the roller broom can be determined. This contact point can be identified in that the bristles of the roller brush slide over the probe body during operation and thereby excite it to vibrate. The vibrations can be detected and evaluated using an accelerometer. The path between the starting position of the probe body and the position in which contact with the lateral surface of the roller broom can be exactly determined via the path measuring device.

Die Vorrichtung ermöglicht es außerdem, die Ermittlung des Walzenbesendurchmessers häufiger zu wiederholen, um einmal die Richtigkeit der Messung selbst überprüfen zu können und um zum anderen fortschreitenden Verschleiß des Walzenbesens zu registrieren und eine entsprechende Änderung der Verstelleinrichtung herbeizuführen.The device also makes it possible to repeat the determination of the roller broom diameter more frequently in order to be able to check the correctness of the measurement itself and to register progressive wear on the roller broom and to bring about a corresponding change in the adjusting device.

Bei einer praktischen Ausgestaltung ist der Tastkörper mit einer der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens zugewandten konvexen Oberfläche ausgebildet, wobei der Tastkörper auf einer längsverfahrbaren Stange der Vorschubeinrichtung angeordnet ist.In a practical embodiment, the probe body is formed with a convex surface facing the lateral surface of the roller broom, the probe body being arranged on a longitudinally displaceable rod of the feed device.

Diese Ausgestaltung der Oberfläche sorgt dafür, daß bei der Berührung des Tastkörpers mit der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens ein allmähliches Auf- und Abgleiten der Borsten stattfindet, wodurch sowohl der Walzenbesen als auch der Tastkörper vor übermäßigem Verschleiß geschützt werden und außerdem ein eindeutiger Berührungspunkt auf dem Tastkörper mit den Borsten geschaffen wird, was für die Genauigkeit der Messung vorteilhaft ist.This configuration of the surface ensures that when the probe body touches the outer surface of the roller broom, the bristles gradually slide up and down, thereby protecting both the roller brush and the probe body from excessive wear and also having a clear point of contact on the probe body the bristles is created, which is advantageous for the accuracy of the measurement.

Durch die längsverfahrbare Stange laßt sich unabhängig vom jeweiligen Walzendurchmesser der Tastkörper exakt in Richtung der Achse bewegen, so daß der zusätzliche Verfahrweg, der von der Vorschubeinrichtung zurückgelegt werden muß, exakt ein Maß für die Abnahme des Durchmessers des Walzenbesens darstellt. Eine aufwendige Umrechnung der Meßdaten kann daher entfallen.Due to the longitudinally movable rod, the feeler body can be moved exactly in the direction of the axis, regardless of the respective roller diameter, so that the additional travel path that must be covered by the feed device represents exactly a measure of the decrease in the diameter of the roller broom. A complicated conversion of the measurement data can therefore be omitted.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind zwei Sensoreinrichtungen an unterschiedlichen Meßorten der Mantelfläche des Walzenbesens angeordnet. Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß eine Sensoreinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die achsparallel zum Walzenbesen an unterschiedliche Meßorte verfahrbar ist.In an advantageous embodiment, two sensor devices are arranged at different measuring locations on the lateral surface of the roller broom. A further embodiment of the invention provides that a sensor device is provided which can be moved axially parallel to the roller broom to different measuring locations.

Durch diese Ausgestaltung gelingt es, ungleichmäßigen Verschleiß des Walzenbesens zu erfassen und z.B. durch unterschiedliche Abstandsänderungen zwischen der Achse und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche so zu kompensieren, daß ein gleichmäßiger Kehrspiegel erreicht wird. Auch bei einer Überprufung des Walzenbesens auf Verschleiß sowie auf Störungen der Vorrichtung läßt sich die beschriebene Ausgestaltung vorteilhaft verwenden.This configuration makes it possible to detect uneven wear on the roller broom and, for example, to compensate for it by means of different changes in the distance between the axis and the surface to be cleaned so that a uniform sweeping level is achieved. The described configuration can also be used advantageously when the roller broom is checked for wear and for device malfunctions.

Bei der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung liegt der Tastkörper nur in vorgegebenen zeitlichen Abständen an der Mantelfläche an.In the device according to the invention, the probe body rests on the lateral surface only at predetermined time intervals.

Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß der Tastkörper nur einem geringen Verschleiß ausgesetzt wird und daher seine Lebensdauer hoch ist. Außerdem tritt auch durch das Anliegen des Tastkörpers kein zusätzlicher Verschleiß beim Walzenbesen auf. Da die Messungen nur eine sehr kurze Meßzeit beanspruchen, können die zeitlichen Abstände, in denen die Messungen durchgeführt werden, sehr klein gehalten und dem erwarteten Verschleißfortschritt angepaßt werden, ohne daß die Vorteile der mit dieser Ausgestaltung verbundenen Verschleißminderung verloren gehen.This ensures that the probe body is exposed to only a small amount of wear and therefore has a long service life. In addition, there is no additional wear on the roller brush due to the contact of the probe body. Since the measurements only take a very short measurement time, the time intervals in which the measurements are carried out can be kept very small and adapted to the expected wear progress without losing the advantages of the wear reduction associated with this configuration.

Eine Weiterbildung sieht vor, daß der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer als Körperschallempfänger ausgebildet ist.A further development provides that the accelerometer is designed as a structure-borne sound receiver.

Solche Bauelemente sind handelsüblich und arbeiten sehr zuverlässig. Da auch die weitere Signalverarbeitung mit konventionellen Baugruppen sicher durchführbar ist, gelingt es, die Vorrichtung kostengünstig aufzubauen.Such components are commercially available and work very reliably. Since the further signal processing can also be carried out safely with conventional assemblies, the device can be constructed inexpensively.

In vorteilhafter Weise der Erfindung ist eine Antriebsvorrichtung für den Walzenbesen vorgesehen, die mit der Meß- und Steuereinrichtung verbunden und derart gesteuert ist, daß die Drehzahl in Abhängigkeit des Walzendurchmessers zur Erzielung einer konstanten Umfangsgeschwindigkeit steuerbar ist.A drive device is advantageous of the invention provided for the roller broom, which is connected to the measuring and control device and controlled in such a way that the speed can be controlled as a function of the roller diameter in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed.

Hierdurch läßt sich eine weitere Verbesserung der Reinigungswirkung bei abnehmendem Walzendurchmesser erzielen, wobei zur Steuerung dieser Maßnahme dieselben Mittel verwendet werden können, wie sie bereits zum Einstellen des Kehrspiegels vorhanden sind.In this way, a further improvement in the cleaning effect can be achieved with a decreasing roller diameter, whereby the same means can be used to control this measure as are already available for adjusting the sweeping level.

Es ist hervorzuheben, daß sowohl bei dem Verfahren als auch bei der Vorrichtung die Messung des Achsabstandes während des laufenden Kehrbetriebes erfolgt.It should be emphasized that both the method and the device measure the center distance during the sweeping operation.

Zum besseren Verständis wird die Erfindung nachfolgend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische, schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht eines Walzenbesens im Reinigungsbetrieb,
For better understanding, the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a perspective, schematic view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a side view of a roller broom in the cleaning operation,

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Oberflächen ist in der Regel an einem Spezialfahrzeug angeordnet und mit diesem durch einen Stütz- und Führungsrahmen 40̸ verbunden. Der Führungsrahmen 40̸ lagert einen um eine Achse 12 drehbaren Walzenbesen 14, dessen Achse 12 mittels einer Stütz- und Führungseinrichtung 38 auf der zu reinigenden Oberfläche 10̸ abgestützt wird und im Abstand h mittels einer Verstelleinrichtung 16 verstellbar ist.The device for cleaning surfaces shown in Fig. 1 is usually arranged on a special vehicle and connected to it by a support and guide frame 40̸. The guide frame 40̸ supports a roller broom 14 which can be rotated about an axis 12, the axis 12 of which is supported on the surface 10̸ to be cleaned by means of a support and guide device 38 and can be adjusted at a distance h by means of an adjusting device 16.

Durch die Verstellbarkeit des Abstandes h läßt sich auch die Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Walzenbesen 14 und der Oberfläche 10̸ einstellen, wobei diese Fläche als Kehrspiegel bsp bezeichnet wird.The adjustability of the distance h also allows the contact area between the roller brush 14 and the surface 10̸ to be set, this area being referred to as a sweeping mirror b sp .

Der Walzenbesen 14 wird durch eine Antriebsvorrichtung 36 in Drehrichtung d angetrieben und während des Reinigungsvorganges wird gleichzeitig die Vorrichtung in Richtung f über die zu reinigende Oberfläche verfahren. Der mittels der Verstelleinrichtung 16 veränderbare Abstand h und die damit zusammenhängende Größe des Kehrspiegels bsp sind für das Reinigungsergebnis von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung.The roller brush 14 is driven by a drive device 36 in the direction of rotation d and during the cleaning process the device is simultaneously moved in direction f over the surface to be cleaned. The distance h which can be changed by means of the adjusting device 16 and the associated size of the sweeping mirror b sp are of crucial importance for the cleaning result.

Die Verstelleinrichtung 16 erhält zu diesem Zweck Steuersignale von einer Meß- und Steuervorrichtung 24, die über eine Sensoreinrichtung 18 den aktuellen Walzendurchmesser 2r ermittelt. Die Sensoreinrichtung 18 umfaßt einen auf einer Stange 34 angeordneten Tastkörper 22, der über eine Vorschubeinrichtung 26 auf den Walzenbesen 14 zu oder von diesem Weg bewegt werden kann. Außerdem sind eine Wegmeßeinrichtung 28 sowie ein Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 30̸ vorgesehen.For this purpose, the adjusting device 16 receives control signals from a measuring and control device 24, which determines the current roller diameter 2r via a sensor device 18. The sensor device 18 comprises a probe body 22 arranged on a rod 34, which can be moved towards or away from the roller brush 14 via a feed device 26. In addition, a displacement measuring device 28 and an acceleration sensor 30̸ are provided.

Zur Ermittlung des Walzendurchmessers 2r wird der Tastkörper 22 mittels der Vorschubeinrichtung 26 zunächst in Richtung des Walzenbesens verfahren. Zweckmäßig ist eine Anordnung der Vorschubeinrichtung 26 derart, daß die Verfahrrichtung senkrecht auf die Achse 12 erfolgt. In seiner Ausgangslage befindet sich der Tastkörper 22 in einem Abstand e von der Achse 12.To determine the roller diameter 2r, the probe body 22 is first moved in the direction of the roller broom by means of the feed device 26. It is expedient to arrange the feed device 26 such that the direction of travel is perpendicular to the axis 12. In its initial position, the probe body 22 is at a distance e from the axis 12.

Falls der Tastkörper 22 mit seiner Oberfläche 32 mit der Mantelfläche 20̸ des Walzenbesens in Berührung kommt, wird er durch die an der Oberfläche 32 entlangstreichenden Borsten des Walzenbesens 14 in Schwingungen versetzt. Diese Schwingungen können über einen Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 30̸ z.B. als Körperschall erfaßt werden. Der Eintritt der von dem Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 30̸ aufgenommenen Signalveränderung kann dann die Meß- und Steuervorrichtung 24 veranlassen, die Vorschubeinrichtung 26 anzuhalten.If the surface of the probe body 22 comes into contact with the lateral surface 20̸ of the roller broom, it is caused to vibrate by the bristles of the roller broom 14 running along the surface 32. These vibrations can be accelerometer 30̸ e.g. be recorded as structure-borne noise. The occurrence of the signal change recorded by the accelerometer 30̸ can then cause the measuring and control device 24 to stop the feed device 26.

Über die Wegmeßeinrichtung 28 läßt sich dann der zurückgelegte Verfahrweg z erfassen und der Walzendurchmesser ergibt sich dann aus der Differenz zwischen dem ursprünglichen Abstand e und dem Verfahrweg z. Nach Erfassung des Verfahrweges kann dann der Tastkörper 22 in umgekehrter Richtung wieder in seine Ausgangslage zurückbewegt werden.Via the path measuring device 28, the travel distance z can then be recorded and the roller diameter then results from the difference between the original distance e and the travel distance z. After detection of the travel path, the probe body 22 can then be moved back to its starting position in the opposite direction.

Aufgrund des so ermittelten Walzendurchmessers 2r läßt sich der für einen vorgegebenen Kehrspiegel bsp erforderliche Abstand h ermitteln, und zwar nach der Formel

h = √ r² - 1/4 · b² sp ¯

Figure imgb0001

On the basis of the roller diameter 2r determined in this way, the distance h required for a predetermined sweeping mirror b sp can be determined, specifically using the formula

h = √ r² - 1/4 · b² sp ¯
Figure imgb0001

Wie die Zeichnung erkennen läßt, ist die der Mantelfläche 20̸ des Walzenbesens 14 zugewandte Oberfläche 32 des Tastkörpers 22 konvex ausgebildet. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Borsten des Walzenbesens 14 allmählich auf die Oberfläche 32 auf- und wieder ablaufen, so daß ein übermäßiger Verschleiß des Tastkörpers 22 und auch des Walzenbesens 14 an der Berührungsstelle vermieden wird.As the drawing shows, the surface 32 of the roller broom 14 facing surface 32 of the probe body 22 is convex. This has the advantage that the bristles of the roller brush 14 gradually run up and down on the surface 32, so that excessive wear of the probe body 22 and also of the roller brush 14 at the point of contact is avoided.

Außerdem ergibt sich eine sehr eindeutige Kontaktposition des Tastkörpers 22 mit der Mantelfläche 20̸ des Walzenbesens 14. Dies hat wiederum den Vorteil, daß sich der gewünschte Kehrspiegel bsp sehr genau einstellen läßt und damit optimale Reinigungsergebnisse erzielt werden können.In addition, there is a very clear contact position of the probe body 22 with the lateral surface 20̸ of the roller broom 14. This in turn has the advantage that the desired sweeping mirror b sp can be set very precisely and optimal cleaning results can thus be achieved.

Um die Gleichmäßigkeit des Walzendurchmessers ermitteln zu können, wird zweckmäßig an mehreren Meßorten, z.B. an den Meßorten a und b, gemessen. Dazu können einmal mehrere, z.B. zwei, Sensoreinrichtungen 18 vorgesehen sein, oder es läßt sich auch eine einzige Sensoreinrichtung 18 verwenden, die dann axial zu den unterschiedlichen Meßorten, z.B. a und b, verfahren wird.In order to be able to determine the uniformity of the roller diameter, measurements are expediently carried out at several measuring locations, for example at measuring locations a and b. For this purpose, several, for example two, sensor devices 18 can be provided, or a single sensor device 18 can also be used, which is then moved axially to the different measuring locations, for example a and b.

Wird eine ungleichmäßige Abnutzung festgestellt, so läßt sich der Walzenbesen 14 dann unterschiedlich zur Oberfläche 10̸ ausrichten, so daß der Verschleißunterschied wieder ausgeglichen und weiterhin ein gleichmäßiger Kehrspiegel bsp erzielt wird. Auf diese Weise kann bis zu einem vollständigen Verschleiß des Walzenbesens 14 die Reinigungswirkung über die ganze Besenbreite optimal gehalten werden.If uneven wear is found, the roller brush 14 can then be aligned differently from the surface 10̸, so that the difference in wear is compensated for again and a uniform sweeping level b sp is achieved. In this way, the cleaning effect can be kept optimal over the entire width of the broom until the roller brush 14 is completely worn.

Vorzugsweise wird der Tastkörper 22 nur in vorgegebenen zeitlichen Abständen an die Mantelfläche 20̸ des Walzenbesens 14 herangeführt, und danach wieder zurückgezogen. Auch dadurch wird der Verschleiß sowohl des Tastkörpers 20̸ als auch des Walzenbesens 14 vermindert. Da die Meßwerterfassung sehr wenig Zeit beansprucht, können die Messungen in kurzen zeitlichen Abständen wiederholt werden, so daß unter Beibehaltung des Vorteils eines geringen Verschleisses bei verstärktem Besenverschleiß eine der Aufgabenstellung angepaßte Überwachung und Messung des Walzendurchmessers 2r möglich ist.Preferably, the probe body 22 is only brought to the lateral surface 20̸ of the roller broom 14 at predetermined time intervals, and then withdrawn again. This also reduces the wear on both the probe body 20̸ and the roller brush 14. Since the measured value acquisition takes up very little time, the measurements can be repeated at short time intervals, so that monitoring and measurement of the roller diameter 2r, adapted to the task, is possible while maintaining the advantage of low wear with increased brush wear.

Zur weiteren Verbesserung der Reinigungswirkung ist auch die Antriebsvorrichtung 36 für den Walzenbesen 14 mit der Steuervorrichtung 24 verbunden. Dabei wird der Walzenbesen 14 derart gesteuert, daß die Drehzahl in Abhängigkeit des Walzendurchmessers 2r zur Erzielung einer konstanten Umfangsgeschwindigkeit verändert wird. Bei dieser Steuerung läßt sich die bereits beschriebene Sensoreinrichtung 18 sowie die Steuervorrichtung 24 mit ausnutzen.To further improve the cleaning effect, the drive device 36 for the roller brush 14 is also connected to the control device 24. The roller brush 14 is controlled in such a way that the rotational speed is changed as a function of the roller diameter 2r in order to achieve a constant peripheral speed. With this control, the sensor device 18 already described and the control device 24 can also be used.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Walzenbesens 14 im Kehrbetrieb. Dabei besteht eine Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Walzenbesen 14 und der zu reinigenden Oberfläche, die hier als Kehrspiegel bsp dargestellt ist. Außerdem sind noch der Abstand h und der halbe Walzendurchmesser r dargestellt. Aus diesen Größen läßt sich der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Abstand h, dem Walzendurchmesser 2r sowie dem Kehrspiegel bsp gemäß der weiter oben erwähnten Formel herleiten.Fig. 2 shows a side view of the roller brush 14 in the sweeping mode. There is a contact surface between the roller brush 14 and the surface to be cleaned, which is shown here as a sweeping mirror b sp . The distance h and half the roll diameter r are also shown. The relationship between the distance h, the roller diameter 2r and the sweeping mirror b sp can be derived from these variables in accordance with the formula mentioned above.

Claims (10)

  1. Method of adjusting a preselected cleaning width (bsp) of a cylindrical brush (14) revolving about an axis for cleaning surfaces, such as roads, taxiing areas on aerodromes or the like, wherein the distance between the axis (12) and the surface to be cleaned is modified for adjusting the cleaning width (bsp), and wherein the cylinder diameter is detected by means of a sensor device (18), in that a sensing body (22) is brought into contact with the cylindrical surface (20) of the cylindrical brush (14), characterized in that the sensing body (22), at predetermined intervals of time, is first advanced towards the cylindrical brush (14) until the contact with the cylindrical surface (20) of the cylindrical brush (14) is indicated by the modified signal of an acceleration pick-up (30), that the advance movement is then interrupted and the distance travelled by the sensing body (22) is measured and that, from the distance travelled, the cylinder diameter is determined at selectable measuring positions.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder diameter is determined at two different measuring positions of the surface of the cylindrical brush.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the contact with the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical brush is determined by changes in conducted sound.
  4. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotational speed of the cylindrical brush is regulated as a function of the cylinder diameter to achieve a constant circumferential speed.
  5. Apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning width of a cylindrical brush (14) revolving about an axis (12) for cleaning surfaces (10), such as roads, taxiing areas or the like, comprising an adjusting device (16) for the distance (h) between the axis (12) and the surface (10) to be cleaned for adjusting the cleaning width (bsp), wherein a sensor device (18) is provided for determining the cylinder diameter (2r), which comprises a sensing body (22) which can be brought into contact with the cylindrical surface (20) of the cylindrical brush (14), and comprising a measuring and regulating device (24), disposed between the sensor device (18) and the adjusting device (16), by means of which (regulating device) the cleaning width (bsp) of the cylindrical brush (14) can be adjusted via the adjusting device (16) as a function of the cylinder diameter (2r), characterized in that the sensor device (18) comprises a feed device (26), on which the sensing body (22) is mounted, and also a displacement measuring device (28) and an acceleration pick-up (30).
  6. Apparatus according to Claim 5, characterized in that the sensing body (22) presents a convex surface (32) facing towards the cylindrical surface (20) of the cylindrical brush (14) and is mounted on a longitudinally traversable rod (34) of the feed device (26).
  7. Apparatus according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that at least two sensor devices (18) are disposed at different measuring positions (a, b) of the cylindrical surface (20) of the cylindrical brush (14).
  8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the sensor device (18) is traversable parallel to the axis of the cylindrical brush (14) to different measuring positions (a, b).
  9. Apparatus according to one or more of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the acceleration pick-up (30) is constructed as a conducted sound receiver.
  10. Apparatus according to one or more of Claims 5 to 9, characterized in that a drive device (36) for the cylindrical brush (14) is provided, which is connected with the measuring and regulating device (24) and is so controlled that the rotational speed can be regulated as a function of the cylinder diameter (2r) to achieve a constant circumferential speed.
EP89120952A 1988-12-07 1989-11-11 Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush Expired - Lifetime EP0372258B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92114964A EP0526907B1 (en) 1988-12-07 1989-11-11 Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3841177 1988-12-07
DE19883841178 DE3841178A1 (en) 1988-12-07 1988-12-07 Method and apparatus for cleaning surfaces
DE3841178 1988-12-07
DE19883841177 DE3841177A1 (en) 1988-12-07 1988-12-07 Method and apparatus for setting a preselected sweeping level of a revolving brush

Related Child Applications (2)

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EP92114964A Division EP0526907B1 (en) 1988-12-07 1989-11-11 Process and apparatus for adjusting a preselected cleaning-width of a rotating cylindrical brush

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EP0372258A2 EP0372258A2 (en) 1990-06-13
EP0372258A3 EP0372258A3 (en) 1991-03-06
EP0372258B1 true EP0372258B1 (en) 1993-08-25

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EP (2) EP0372258B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03115610A (en)
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DE (2) DE58905387D1 (en)
NO (2) NO176111C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0526907A1 (en) 1993-02-10
DE58908709D1 (en) 1995-01-12
EP0526907B1 (en) 1994-11-30
NO894801D0 (en) 1989-11-30
JPH03115610A (en) 1991-05-16
NO940010D0 (en) 1994-01-03
DE58905387D1 (en) 1993-09-30
CA2004772A1 (en) 1990-06-07
EP0372258A3 (en) 1991-03-06
US5015300A (en) 1991-05-14
CA2004772C (en) 1994-11-29
EP0372258A2 (en) 1990-06-13
NO894801L (en) 1990-06-08
NO176111C (en) 1995-02-08
NO176111B (en) 1994-10-24
NO940010L (en) 1990-06-08

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