EP0525030B1 - Reactor chamber door for large-scale coking reactors - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP91/00739 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 17, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 17, 1992 PCT Filed Apr. 18, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/16404 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 31, 1991.A large-scale coking reactor including a housing provided with a chamber and with outer and inner chamber frames, a displaceable outer door elastically compressed against the outer frame and formed with a respective elastic peripheral seal compressible against the frame and with an outer high temperature membrane interposed between the door and the seal and elastically pressed thereagainst to seal the door opening, a displaceable inner door spaced from the outer door and formed with an inner high temperature membrane interposed between the inner door and the inner frame to fit elastically the inner frame, the inner and outer doors being releasably interconnected upon displacing the outer door, so that the doors are mounted in the housing to be operatable either selectively or in combination with one another.

Description

The invention relates to a reactor chamber door for large scale coking reactors with a double sealing system.

From DE 25 32 097 C3 a furnace chamber closure for a horizontal chamber coking furnace is known which has a double sealing system. The two seals attached to the rigid door body, together with the metallic door body walls, the door frame and the wall protection plates and other metal wall frames adjoining the wall protection plates in a gas-tight manner, form the so-called antechamber. This lock is a very complicated coke oven door with a rigid cast door body and heavy stone plugs connected to it. Compensation for temperature-related deformations of the chamber frame is only possible to a limited extent in the known door construction and the associated sealing systems.

From GB-A-591200 a coke oven door with a double sealing system is known, the door consisting of an outer and an inner door which are detachably connected to one another. A laborious actuation of set screws is required for reliable sealing.

From US-A-2200403 an oven chamber closure for a horizontal chamber coking is openly known, which has a double sealing system. The inner door has a rigid plate that carries the fire-resistant door plug. Sealing rods are attached to this plate and come into contact with the chamber frame. The inner door is neither flexible like a membrane nor does it have a flexible sealing system.

The object of the invention is to propose a reactor chamber door which is also provided for large-scale coking reactors with an extremely large chamber volume and in which the problems listed do not occur.

To solve this problem, it is proposed that the reactor chamber door consist of an outer and inner door, which are releasably connected and, if necessary, can be handled separately and each have their own circumferential door sealing system which can be pressed resiliently against the chamber frame.

In this reactor chamber door, the outer and inner doors are loosely connected to one another, so that one of the two doors can be replaced in a simple manner for the purpose of maintenance and repair. In addition, the outer and inner door each have their own door sealing system with their own resilient pressure against the chamber frame. The outer and inner doors can be connected to one another via interlocking supporting claws and supporting beams in such a way that supporting claws arranged on the inside of the outer door engage under supporting beams arranged on the outside of the inner door. This construction is comparable to the door lifting devices in conventional coke oven doors. It has the advantage that the outer and inner doors can be inserted or removed together in the door openings of the reactor chamber.

In contrast to a multi-part coke oven door described in EP 0 154 232 B1, in which the inner part is held in cams of the furnace frame and the furnace frame has to withstand the pressure exerted by the contents of the furnace chambers, according to the invention the inner door is not attached to the chamber frame suspended and the pressure forces acting on the door stopper from the contents of the reactor chamber are transmitted into the support frame of the outer door via stopper holders, door contact surfaces between the inner and outer door, possibly spacers and / or set screws.

According to the invention, the inner door consists of a hot membrane covering the entire door opening, which can be pressed resiliently from the outside against the chamber frame. It is a metal-to-metal seal located in the hot area. Because of the high temperatures, there is still no formation of tar condensate at this point, so that this seal is largely maintenance-free. In order to compensate for deformations between the door frame and the hot membrane, leaf springs, which are adjustably attached to the support structure, are used, which press the hot membrane from the outside against the chamber frame.

The door sealing system on the outer door consists of a membrane covering the entire door opening with a circumferential seal which can be pressed resiliently against the chamber frame, preferably a soft seal designed as a full profile or as a hose. It has been shown that in the double sealing system according to the invention, these outer soft seals are not contaminated with tar approaches and also remain sufficiently elastic.

Insulation can be arranged on the inside of the membrane of the outer door to prevent heat loss. Spacers are expediently arranged in this insulation in order to transmit the forces from the contents of the reactor chamber to the set screws fastened to the support frame. The seals on the outer door can, according to the invention, similarly to those on the inner door, be pressed against the chamber frame with the aid of leaf springs which are individually or group-wise attached to the supporting frame of the outer door, preferably in the longitudinal direction of the reactor chamber.

To compensate for deformations between the chamber frame and the reactor chamber door, it is further provided that the distance between the support structure and the membrane on the outer door can be changed with the aid of set screws.

The intermediate space between the outer membrane or the insulation attached to the membrane and the inner hot membrane and the chamber frame can, according to the invention, be acted upon with a sealing gas, in particular inert gas, and thus be kept under excess pressure to avoid raw gas leaks.

It has also proven to be advantageous to assemble the chamber frame from two individual frames, optionally with an interposed insulating layer. The sealing system of the inner door can come to rest on the inner chamber frame and the sealing system of the outer door on the outer chamber frame.

To further improve the sealing system, it is advantageous to arrange a circumferential, replaceable sealing cord in the U-shaped chamber frame of the door plug, which is supported against the reactor chamber walls.

It is furthermore expedient to provide the door stopper with a trapezoidal frame, the side surfaces of which form cones, the conically shaped chamber walls in the entrance area of the reactor chamber can be assigned.

Finally, it may be advisable to alternatively guide the reactor chamber door via guide elements which are firmly connected to the support frame and have a bore at the free end into which a plurality of guide pins can be inserted as a positive guide, which in turn are attached to the wall protection plates.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, the four figures of which show the cross section of a reactor chamber door in the usual representation. The reactor chamber door consists of a support frame 1 which extends over the entire door height and has two or more locks 3 designed as a spindle or spring which engage in the locking hooks 30 after the door has been inserted into the door opening of the reactor chamber 29. The support frame 1 consists of two vertical U-profiles. Door guides 32 are fastened to the outside of these U-profiles and slide along the inside of the locking hooks 30 when the door is inserted. The so-called outer door also consists of the outer membrane 8, the distance from the support frame 1 with the adjusting screws 2 can be changed even during operation. Exchangeable soft seals 9, 10 are arranged on the membrane in the outer circumference in a U-shaped holder and are pressed against the sealing surface on the outer chamber frame 24 by means of the leaf springs 4, 4a.

According to Figure 1, the circumferential angular lateral leaf springs 4 are attached to the support frame 1 by means of the screws 6. To compensate for unevenness, the distance between the end of the leaf springs 4 and the outer membrane 8 is changed using the screws 5.

According to Figure 2, the leaf springs 4a are Z-shaped and fastened to the support frame 1 with the aid of clamping plates 36 and adjusting screws 37 known per se in the longitudinal direction of the chamber.

In Figure 1, the circumferential soft seal is shown as a full profile 9 and in Figure 2 as a hose 10. The outer door also includes the insulation 11 arranged on the inside of the outer membrane 8 with spacers arranged therein and the door contact surfaces 12 assigned to the inner door. The carrying claws 13 are also connected to the supporting frame 1, which grip under the supporting beam 14 for transporting the inner door. The inner door consists of the two vertical U-bars 15 with the horizontal support beams 14, the peripheral leaf springs 16 attached to the U-bars 15, the free ends of which press the edges of the hot membranes 17 against the inner chamber frame 25. The plug holders 18, which are designed as hooks and which engage in hanging pockets 22 of the door plug 19, are firmly screwed to the U-bars 15 and the hot membrane 17. The door plug consists of an outer U-shaped frame 20 made of refractory material or heat-resistant steel and the inner insulation 21. To seal the door plug 19 against the vertical chamber walls and possibly against the chamber floor and the chamber ceiling, a circumferential, replaceable sealing cord is provided in the frame 20 on the outside 31 provided.

In order to avoid raw gas leaks, a sealing gas, in particular inert gas, can be fed into the intermediate space 23 between the inner membrane 17 and the outer membrane 8 or the insulation 21, which is optionally kept under excess pressure. The two chamber frames 24 and 25 form a unit with the wall protection plate 26 and together with the anchor stands 27 the anchoring for the reactor heating wall 28.

The two chamber frames are designed as thin rectangular or angular profiles and are optionally with the interposition of insulation from the outside in front of the wall protection plate 26. If necessary, they can be replaced individually. The soft seals 9, 10 come to rest on the outer chamber frame 24 and the outer edge of the hot membrane 10 on the inner chamber frame 25.

Due to the construction, the temperature at the inner seal between the chamber frame 25 and the membrane 17 will be so high that tar condensate formation and thus cleaning at the sealing point will be avoided. The pressure exerted by the furnace batch in the reactor chamber 29, in particular in the case of hot coal charging, on the door stopper 19 is via the stopper parts 20, 21, the hanging pockets 22, the stopper holder 18, the U-iron 15, the door contact surfaces 12, the spacer 7 and the Transfer the set screws 2 directly into the support frame 1 and via the locks 3 into the locking hooks 30.

According to FIG. 3, the reactor chamber door is not guided via door guides 32, but via guide elements 34, each of which has a cylindrical or, if appropriate, also a conical bore 35 and into which guide mandrels 33 are inserted when the reactor chamber door is retracted, which are fastened to the wall protection plates 26 .

According to FIG. 4, the reactor chamber 29 has a conical chamber wall 38 in the entrance area. Accordingly, the door stopper 19 in this example is provided with a trapezoidal frame 40, the side walls 39 of which form cones. With this configuration, insertion and removal of the reactor chamber door are facilitated.

Claims (13)

1. A reactor-chamber door for a large-capacity coking reactor with a double sealing system, the reactor-chamber door comprising a outer and an inner door which are detachably connected, characterized in that they can be operated at least separately and each comprise their own continuous door-sealing system which can be pressed resiliently against the chamber frame (24, 25), wherein the sealing systems can be set jointly or separately, and the inner door has a hot diaphragm (17) covering the entire door opening and resiliently pressable on the periphery against the chamber frame (25), and the outer door-sealing system comprises a diaphragm (8) covering the entire door opening and having a continuous seal, preferably a soil seal constructed in the form of a solid profile or in the form of a tube, resiliently pressable against the chamber frame (24).
2. A reactor-chamber door for a large-capacity coking reactor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inner door and the outer door are connected together by way of support claws (13) and support bars (14) engaging in one another when the outer door is lifted.
3. A reactor-chamber door according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressing forces acting upon the door plug (19) by the contents of the reactor chamber (29) are transmitted to the support frame (1) of the outer door by way of plug holders (18), door-contact faces (12), spacing holders (7) and/or setting bolts (2).
4. A reactor-chamber door according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hot diaphragm (17) is pressed from the outside against the chamber frame (25) with the aid of leaf springs (16) adjustably secured on the support structure (15) for the plug holders (18).
5. A reactor-chamber door according to Claim 1, characterized in that insulation (11) is provided on the inside of the diaphragm (8).
6. A reactor-chamber door according to Claim 5, characterized in that spacing holders (7) are arranged in the insulation (11) for transmitting the forces of the contents of the reactor chamber (29) to the setting bolts (2).
7. A reactor-chamber door according to Claim 1, characterized in that the seals (9), (10) are pressed against the chamber frame (24) with the aid of leaf springs (4) secured so as to be adjustable individually or in groups on the support frame (1) of the outer door preferably in the longitudinal direction of the reactor chamber (29).
8. A reactor-chamber door according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that on the outer door the distance between the support structure (1) and the diaphragm (8) can be varied with the aid of adjusting screws (2).
9. A reactor-chamber door according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that suitable attachment sockets are provided for acting upon the interspace (23) between the outer diaphragm (8) or the insulation (11) and the hot diaphragm (17) as well as upon the chamber frame (24), (25) with blocking gas.
10. A reactor-chamber door according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the chamber frame is formed by two individual chamber frames, an outer one (24) and an inner one (25), optionally with an interposed insulating layer.
11. A reactor-chamber door according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the door plug (19) is provided with a continuous replaceable sealing cord (31) which is situated in the U-shaped frame (20).
12. A reactor-chamber door according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the door plug (19) has a trapezoidal frame (40), the lateral faces (39) of which form cones which are can be associated with chamber walls (38) formed conically in the inlet area of the reactor chamber (29).
13. A reactor-chamber door according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that from two to four guiding mandrels (33) are arranged on the wall-protection plates (26), and the reactor-chamber door is provided with guide members (34) each having a bore (35).

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