EP0524313B1 - Procede de diffusion et appareil a cet effet - Google Patents

Procede de diffusion et appareil a cet effet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0524313B1
EP0524313B1 EP92914502A EP92914502A EP0524313B1 EP 0524313 B1 EP0524313 B1 EP 0524313B1 EP 92914502 A EP92914502 A EP 92914502A EP 92914502 A EP92914502 A EP 92914502A EP 0524313 B1 EP0524313 B1 EP 0524313B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conduit
active ingredient
jet
mixing chamber
propellant
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP92914502A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0524313A1 (fr
Inventor
David Anthony Leicester Expertise Ltd. Armitage
John Peacock
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Sanofi Aventis France
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Roussel Uclaf SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/26—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device
    • B05B7/262—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device a liquid and a gas being brought together before entering the discharge device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the metering and dispensing of an active ingredient.
  • the invention is applicable to the dispensing of atomised sprays and finds particular use in the spraying of insecticides especially where large spaces such as warehouses and supermarkets are to be sprayed.
  • the invention is equally applicable to the dispensing of room fresheners, fertilizers and any other active ingredients which are capable of being borne in an atomised mist.
  • the invention can also be used to charge portable cylinders of pressurised fumigant, etc for manual dispersal.
  • EP-A-425 300 (published 2 May 1991) describes an apparatus for dispensing an active ingredient wherein the active ingredient is placed in a container into which a pressurised propellant is introduced from a propellant source. Part of the propellant flows direct from the propellant source to a dispensing outlet by means of a bypass. The rest of the propellant enters the active ingredient container and expands to adopt a liquid phase and a gaseous phase. The liquid phase serves to absorb the active ingredient whereas the gaseous phase serves to propel the active ingredient out of the apparatus through a dispensing outlet where further expansion takes place and the active ingredient is dispersed in a fog or mist.
  • Flow restrictors create a pressure differential between the active ingredient cylinder outlet and the bypass portion so as to facilitate absorption of the active ingredient into the bypass propellant stream. It has now been found that the correct choice of pressure differential and the inclusion of a specially designed mixing chamber can improve the efficiency of the system.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides an ejector for mixing a stream of liquefied gaseous propellant and a liquid stream containing active ingredient, the ejector comprising : a mixing chamber, a first ejector conduit for supplying the propellant, propellent to jet conduit opening into the mixing chamber via a main jet ; conduit for supplying the active ingredient to the mixing chamber : an outlet port opening out of the chamber and located opposite the main jet ; and a third conduit connecting the exit port to a dispensing outlet, the third conduit flaring from the outlet port to have a diameter larger than that of the outlet port.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides an apparatus for mixing an active ingredient and a liquefied gaseous propellant, comprising a concentrate container for the active ingredient, an ejector comprising an inlet jet for propellant and a mixing chamber, a first conduit connecting the ejector inlet jet to a said pressurized source of propellant and second conduit which leads from the container through a metering valve means to the mixing chamber, a third conduit connecting the mixing chamber to a dispensing outlet, and a fourth conduit connecting the first conduit to the concentrate container, characterized in that a means is provided for creating a pressure differential between the fluid in the portion of the first conduit opening into the mixing chamber and the fluid in the mixing chamber, the said pressure differential being (i) sufficient to draw substantially all the active ingredient from the concentrate container, (ii) less than that required to cause a cooling effect in the mixing chamber and (iii) less than that which would give rise to an erratic dispersion of the active ingredient from the dispensing outlet.
  • An "erratic" dispersion of mixture is one in which the mixture is delivered in a pulsing or non-uniform fashion. This has been found to cause icing up of the outlet nozzles, followed by the ice breaking off, a sudden rush of mixture, more icing up and so on.
  • the 'cooling effect' in the mixing chamber results from the pressure differential between the propellant input stream and the mixing chamber.
  • the actual temperature drop, for a given pressure differential, depends on the nature of the propellant and active ingredient.
  • the term 'cooling effect' means a temperature drop of more than 15°C.
  • the temperature drop is suitably less than 10°C and preferably less than 5°C.
  • the means for creating the pressure differential between the propellant and the mixing chamber is a jet (termed hereinafter the “main jet") at the junction of the mixing chamber and the first conduit.
  • the jet is achieved by a reduction in the diameter of the first conduit where it joins the mixing chamber.
  • the size of the jet will be chosen to produce sufficient pressure drop to lift the entire contents of the active ingredient container, against gravity, through a distance of (preferably) at least 3.0 m, although it may be satisfactory to lift the concentrate through only 1.0 m or only 0.3 m. A small orifice creates a greater pressure drop than a large orifice.
  • the size of the jet employed in the ejector will also be chosen by reference to the rate of fluid flow through the dispensing outlet, which outlet, enabling the active ingredient in propellant to be dispersed in the atmosphere, may be in the form of one or a number of individual nozzles. As the said flow decreases, the pressure drop across the jet increases resulting in icing of the mixing chamber and poor spray characteristics.
  • d 0.6 ( 4 F /6 ) where d is the jet diameter in millimetres and F is the rate of outflow through the outlet (ie the total of all the nozzles), in grams/second.
  • d is three fifths of the fourth root of one sixth of F.
  • the said pressure differential is between 1 and 5 atmospheres (1.01 x 10 2 - 5.05 x 10 2 kPa).
  • the said pressure differential is about 2 atmospheres (2.02 x 10 2 kPa), for example 1.8 to 2.2 atmospheres (1.82 to 2.22 x 10 2 kPa).
  • the pressure drop is substantially continuous, in other words it persists throughout the period of operation of the apparatus.
  • the ejector and at least the beginning of the second and fourth conduits are arranged in a single assembly mixing unit.
  • the active ingredient container is positioned below the mixing chamber so that it is entirely the pressure differential which draws the active ingredient out of the active ingredient container and discharge takes place only when propellant is flowing. If the active ingredient container is not so positioned then a valve system is incorporated in the system to prevent active ingredient being siphoned into the mixing head.
  • a valve system is incorporated in the system to prevent active ingredient being siphoned into the mixing head.
  • the propellant is a liquefied gaseous propellant.
  • the propellant is liquid carbon dioxide but other propellants such as butane or propane/butane mixes can be used, particularly in open spaces where there is no risk of fire from such gases being confined.
  • the propellant is liquid CO 2
  • the pressure drop between the CO 2 source and the outlet nozzle(s) is about 40-70 psi (275-480 kNm -2 ), for example about 50-60 psi (345-415 kNm -2 ).
  • a pressure drop of 0.5-5.0 bar (50-500 kNm -2 ), preferably 1.0 to 3.0 and most preferably about 2.0 bar (200 kNm -2 ) is optimal at the main jet and thus the remaining pressure drop occurs in the third conduit.
  • the third conduit typically consists of a series of conduits branching at successive T-junctions into successively narrower conduits.
  • ⁇ is the pressure drop in bars
  • ⁇ is the viscosity in Nsm -2
  • G is the mass flow in kgs -1
  • L is the tube length in metres
  • p is the density in kgm -3
  • b is the bore diameter in metres.
  • the product of ⁇ , G, L and 896 is divided by the product of 22, ⁇ (rho) and the fourth power of b.
  • the active ingredient is in liquid form.
  • the choice of active ingredient will depend upon the function to be performed and, consequently, a number of compounds may be used, including but not limited to repellants, antibacterials, fungicides, germicides, deodorants, antivirals, biologicals, ripening agents, growth regulators such as methoprene, hydroprene, dimilin and fenoxycarb and antisprouting compounds.
  • the preferred active ingredient chemicals of this invention are natural pyrethrum and synthetic pyrethroids. Pyrethrum contains pyrethrins, botanical insecticides the active constituents of which are pyrethrins I and II and jasmolin I and II collectively known as "pyrethrins".
  • the synthetic pyrethroids include allethrin, bifenthrin, bioresmethrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, fenothrin, deltamethrin, esbiothrin, enothrin, fenvalerate, fluvalinate, lambda cyhalothrin, permethrin, resmethrin, tetramethrin and tralomethrin.
  • a concentrate volume of about 5.0-10.0 litres (4.0-8.0 kg) is generally suitable and about 30.0-80.0 kg of liquid CO 2 is enough to deliver this volume.
  • the viscosity of the active ingredient concentrate prefferably be from 0.1 to 20 mPas (milliPascal seconds) as determined in the ASTM D445 test, preferably 0.5-10.0 mPas and more preferably about 1.5-3.0 mPas.
  • a typical viscosity is about 2.17 mPas.
  • Figure 1 shows a simple arrangement incorporating a source of propellant 1 which is most conveniently supplied in a cylinder but may, if a large volume is required, be a plurality of cylinders interconnected by a manifold.
  • the propellant source 1 is connected via valves 2a and 2b in a first conduit 3 to a main jet 4a opening into a mixing chamber 4b in an ejector 4, and the propellant source is connected to a concentrate container 6 via a fourth conduit 5.
  • the propellant is, for example, liquid carbon dioxide and the active ingredient in the concentrate is a desired composition such as listed in the foregoing paragraphs of this specification.
  • This example will be described in connection with the desired dispersal of the active ingredient in the amount required to fumigate, or otherwise treat, an enclosure of known measured volume. According to the known volume to be fumigated, a calculated amount of active ingredient is placed in the active ingredient container 6.
  • the valves 2a and b are turned to connect the propellant source 1 with the concentrate container 6.
  • the propellant in this case liquid carbon dioxide
  • the propellant is under pressure (approximately 840 psi, 5782 kPa) and flows through the first conduit 3 whereupon part of the flow passes through the jet 4a in the ejector 4 and part of the flow enters the concentrate cylinder 6 via the first 3 and fourth 9 conduits.
  • the liquid carbon dioxide can act as a solvent to absorb the active ingredient in the concentrate cylinder 6.
  • the pressure of liquid carbon dioxide from the propellant source 1 is sufficient to prevent any backflow of absorbed active ingredient from the concentrate container 6 to the propellant source 1 and consequently it is not necessary to manipulate the valves 2a and 2b further.
  • the pressure in the concentrate container causes the combination of propellant and active ingredient therein to flow through the second conduit 9 into the mixing chamber.
  • the mixing chamber 4 is in communication with the dispensing outlet 8 through a third conduit 7, and therefore the mixing chamber (and active ingredient chamber) are effectively vented to atmosphere through the dispensing outlet 8 which, in this embodiment, consists of a plurality of nozzle clusters 8a - 8h. Each cluster has four individual nozzles. Upon exiting through the dispensing outlet 8 the liquid carbon dioxide expands to form an airborne dispersion of particles of active ingredient.
  • valves are the only moving parts, and the system requires only a source of liquid carbon dioxide to act as a propellant, a container to receive the calculated charge of active ingredient, and conduits interconnecting the component parts and leading to a dispensing outlet.
  • the conduits are preferably flexible hoses with quick disconnect attachments at their ends not only to permit convenient and rapid assembly and dismantling of the system but also to facilitate replacement of spent cylinders and containers. Greater control of the release of the contents of the active ingredient cylinder can be provided by including a metering valve means 10 in the second conduit 9.
  • the mixing chamber and adjoining portions of conduits connected thereto are shown located external to the active ingredient container.
  • the mixing chamber and adjoining portions of the first, second, third and fourth conduits are located in a single assembly 'mixing' head.
  • dispensing outlet 8 can consist of 32 or 64 individual nozzles, for example.
  • the system may be provided with a dosing container connected to the first conduit 3 by a 3-way connector such that a measured dose of propellant may be used, drawn from a large supply of propellant capable of delivering several such doses.
  • Non-return valves and in-line filters may be included in the propellant conduits as needed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a development of the ejector of the simple system of Figure 1.
  • the ejector is shown generally at 20 and comprises an inlet 22 for liquid CO 2 propellant, opening into a diversion chamber 24 which splits the flow of CO 2 between a CO 2 -to-concentrate conduit 26 and a CO 2 -to-jet conduit 28 terminating in a main jet 30 opening into a mixing chamber 32.
  • the CO 2 -to-concentrate conduit 26 is equivalent to part of the "fourth conduit" in the Figure 1 embodiment.
  • the CO 2 -to-concentrate conduit 26 terminates in a sharp orifice 34 adapted to penetrate a seal 36 across the inlet conduit 38 of a concentrate container 40, only the top of which is shown in Figure 2.
  • the said inlet conduit 38 constitutes the rest of the "fourth conduit” of Figure 1.
  • the concentrate container 40 is also provided with an outlet conduit 42, similarly provided with a seal 44, adapted to be penetrated by the sharp end 46 of a mixture conduit 48, which leads via a metering jet 49 and an annular region 54 surrounding the CO 2 -to-jet conduit 28, to the mixing chamber 32.
  • the outlet conduit 42 and mixture conduit 48 constitute the "second conduit” in Figure 1.
  • the said CO 2 inlet 22, diversion chamber 24, conduits 26, 28 and 48 and mixing chamber are all provided as parts of a so-called mixing head which may be screwed tightly with a screw ring 52 onto the concentrate container 40 in order for the sharpened orifices 34, 46 to penetrate their respective seals 36, 44.
  • the mixing chamber 32 is constituted by a generally cylindrical portion 56 adjacent the jet 30 and a funnel-shaped portion 58 centred around an outlet port 60.
  • the outlet port 60 opens into a flared recovery zone 62 which terminates in a female connector portion 64 adapted to receive a corresponding male connector portion (not shown) on the end of a conduit leading to the outlet nozzles, ie the "third conduit" of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows the mixing chamber and recovery zone in more detail.
  • the whole length of the article shown is 95 mm.
  • the annular region 54 of the mixture conduit 48 and the cylindrical portion 56 of the mixing chamber together extend for 36 mm and each have a diameter of 13 mm.
  • the annular portion 54 of the mixture conduit 48 is included for manufacturing convenience only and serves only to deliver the initial concentrate/CO 2 mixture to the mixing chamber. It is just as effective, although harder to make, for the said mixture to be delivered directly to the mixing chamber via a simple (non-annular) conduit.
  • the funnel-shaped portion extends for an axial length of about 10 mm and has a funnel angle of about 45° to the axis of the article, the funnel portion 58 being smoothly radiused to join with the cylindrical portion 56 and smoothly radiused to merge into the outlet port 60, which has a diameter of 4.2 mm.
  • the size of the outlet port is not especially critical and may be increased to, say, 5.0 mm if a large flow (for example for a 64 nozzle system) is needed.
  • the recovery zone 62 extends axially for 33 mm, the first 3.0 nm of which has a parallel bore and the next 30 mm of which flares at an included angle of 5° (ie an angle of 2.5° to the centre line or axis) such that it terminates in a diameter of 7.0 mm.
  • the length of the parallel bore section of the recovery zone should be as short as possible and preferably does not exceed 5.0 mm. A length of no more than 3.0 mm, 2.0 mm or 1.0 mm is preferred. Expressed in terms of proportions, the length of the parallel bore section preferably does not exceed 15% of the total length of the recovery zone, and more preferably is no more than 10%, 5%, 2% or 1% thereof. All of these are regarded as constituting a flared recovery zone immediately adjacent the outlet port.
  • the gap between the jet 30 and the outlet port 60 is preferably 5-10 mm since the shape of the jet is then less critical. A gap of less than 5 mm may be usable with a smaller jet. A gap of more than 10 mm does not cause efficient entrainment of the mixture by the CO 2 .
  • the mixing head 50 is screwed onto the concentrate container 40 as said, and a source of liquid CO 2 is connected to the CO 2 inlet 22. Some of the CO 2 passes into the concentrate container 40 and mixes with the concentrate therein. The remainder passes through the jet 30 into the mixing chamber 32 to create a pressure differential between the CO 2 supply and the chamber. This pressure drop draws the mixture of CO 2 and concentrate up from the concentrate container 40 through conduit 48 into the mixing chamber 32, whereupon it mixes with the CO 2 therein and leaves through the exit port 60.
  • the relatively long length of the CO 2 -to-jet conduit 28 helps to eliminate turbulence and eddies therein, which in turn allows a more controlled and axially symmetrical flow path of mixture in the mixing chamber 32.
  • a length of 36 mm is suitable. Greater lengths are also usable, although usually unnecessary. A length of less than 25 mm may be less satisfactory.
  • the rate of delivery of active ingredient can be controlled with the metering jet 49.
  • Any suitable metering device may be used and it is set by reference to the flow rate and viscosity of the mixture passing through it. It has been found that the operation of the system, in terms of the efficient exhaustion of concentrate from the container 40 and delivery to the outlet nozzles, is affected by the setting of the metering jet 49 only if the rate of delivery through the nozzles is low, for example about 1.0-30.0 gs -1 in total. Certainly, at deliveries of above about 180 gs -1 , the setting of the metering jet 49 is not critical for performance.
  • the sharpened end 46 of the mixture conduit 48 may be made to be removable from the mixing head 50 together with the metering jet 49 so that the metering jet 49 may be replaced to suit different delivery systems.
  • an aperture of about 2 mm diameter (generally 1.5-2.5 mm) is satisfactory.
  • a diameter of 1.0-1.5 mm may be suitable and, for a more viscous concentrate, a diameter of 2.5-3.0 may be better.
  • the flared recovery zone 62 allows such vapour or gas to recondense and dissolve back into the CO 2 /concentrate mixture such that, by the time the stream enters the conduit leading to the outlet nozzles, there is substantially no gas or vapour in the stream. It is extremely important for the stream at the end of the recovery zone to be substantially entirely liquid, since this causes the delivery of the mixture to and through the outlet nozzles to be smooth.
  • An additional benefit of recondensing and redissolving the gaseous CO 2 into the liquid stream in the recovery zone is that the small amount of heat produced helps to counteract the cooling effect in the mixing chamber and thereby helps to prevent icing up.
  • FIG 4 shows a section through the top piece of the concentrate container 40 which, in Figure 2, is shown only schematically.
  • the top piece 70 has a first bore 72 adapted to receive a first pin (not shown) on the mixing head and a second bore 74 adapted to receive a second pin (also not shown) on the mixing head.
  • the first and second pins are arranged as an orthogonal array with the sharpened ends 34, 36 of the CO 2 -to-concentrate conduit 26 and the mixture conduit 48.
  • a transverse bore 76 passes in through one side of the top piece 70 and through the first and second bores 72, 74 to terminate in a blind bore.
  • a slidable plug 78 is located in the central part of the transverse bore 76, in other words between the first and second bores 72, 74.
  • the plug 78 is provided with a bore which accommodates a coiled compression spring 80 which is held in place, under compression, by a hollow sleeve 82 which lines the first bore 72.
  • the slidable plug 78 is prevented from being urged into the second bore 74 by a blocking plug 84 which has a waist portion to nest with the adjacent end of the slidable plug 78.
  • the concentrate container is supplied to the user with the appropriate charge of active ingredient already in the container and the seals 36, 44 (shown in Figure 2 and discussed above) intact.
  • the seals may be colour-coded to help the user identify which bore is which.
  • one bore 74 is narrower than the other 72 and the pins on the mixing head are similarly sized so that the mixing head and the concentrate container cannot be connected wrongly.
  • the user engages the mixing head with the concentrate container to break the seals.
  • the blocking plug is pushed down into the second bore 74 of the concentrate container top piece by the second pin on the mixing head and the slidable plug 78 is kept in place only by the sharpened end 46 of the mixture conduit 48.
  • the slidable plug 78 is urged into the second bore 74 by the spring 80 and will thereafter act to prevent re-engagement of a mixing head. This prevents the user from re-using the concentrate container. Instead, it is returned to the manufacturer for controlled refilling, which involves removing the sleeve 82 and re-setting the spring and plug arrangement as described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Ejecteur (20) pour mélanger un jet de propulseur gazeux liquéfié et un jet de liquide contenant une substance active, comprenant une entrée (22), une chambre de dérivation (24), une buse principale (30), une chambre de mélange (32), des conduits (26, 28, 48), une buse de dosage (49) et une zone de récupération évasée (62), caractérisé en ce que :
    a) l'entrée (22) ouvre sur la chambre de dérivation (24) pour diviser l'écoulement de propulseur entre le conduit (26) du propulseur au concentré et le conduit (28) du propulseur à la buse,
    b) un conduit (28) du propulseur à la buse ouvre sur la chambre de mélange (32) par l'intermédiaire de la buse principale (30),
    c) un conduit (26) du propulseur au concentré se termine par un orifice pointu (34),
    d) un conduit pour fournir la substance active (48), qui comprend une buse de dosage (49), se termine par un orifice pointu (46) et est connecté à la chambre de mélange (32) par une région annulaire (54) entourant le conduit (28),
    e) la chambre de mélange (32) consiste en une portion généralement cylindrique (56) adjacente à la buse principale (30) et une portion en forme d'entonnoir (58) qui est centrée autour d'un port de sortie (60),
    f) le port de sortie (60) est situé en face de la buse principale (30) et
    g) la zone de récupération (62) consiste en une première section avec des alésages parallèles qui est adjacente au port de sortie de la chambre de mélange (60), et une deuxième section qui s'évase à un angle de dégagement ne dépassant pas 10° et de préférence d'entre 3° et 5°, pour se terminer au niveau d'un connecteur femelle (64) .
  2. Ejecteur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la longueur de la section des alésages parallèles de la zone de récupération (62) ne dépasse pas 15% de la longueur totale de la zone de récupération.
  3. Ejecteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel :
    a) la région annulaire (54) du conduit (48) et la portion cylindrique (56) s'étendent ensemble sur environ 36 millimètres et ont chacune un diamètre d'environ 13 millimètres,
    b) la portion en forme d'entonnoir (58) s'étend sur une longueur axiale d'environ 10 millimètres et a un angle d'entonnoir d'environ 45° par rapport à l'axe,
    c) le diamètre du port de sortie (60) est de 4,2 à 5,0 millimètres,
    d) la zone de récupération (62) s'étend axialement sur environ 33 millimètres, la section d'alésages parallèles ayant une longueur d'environ 3,0 millimètres et la deuxième section ayant une longueur d'environ 30 millimètres et s'évasant suivant un angle de dégagement de 5°, de sorte qu'elle se termine avec un diamètre d'environ 7,0 millimètres;
    e) l'espace entre la buse principale (30) et le port de sortie (60) est de 5 à 10 millimètres, et
    f) la longueur du conduit (28) est supérieure ou égale à 25 millimètres et est, de manière appropriée, de 36 millimètres.
  4. Ejecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'extrémité effilée (46) du conduit de mélange (48) peut être enlevée de la tête de mélange (50) avec la buse de dosage (49).
  5. Appareil pour mélanger et diffuser une quantité dosée d'une substance active, comprenant une source pressurisée de propulseur (1), un récipient de concentré (6) pour la substance active, une chambre de mélange (4b), une sortie de diffusion (8), trois soupapes (2a, 2b, 10), un premier conduit (3), qui est connecté par la soupape (2a) à ladite source pressurisée (1) et conduit de ladite source pressurisée (1) à une autre soupape (2b) puis à une jonction, où elle se divise en deux conduits séparés, le premier conduisant à la chambre de mélange (4b) par le biais d'une buse d'entrée (4a) et un (5) conduisant au récipient (6), un deuxième conduit (9), qui conduit du récipient (6) par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de soupape de dosage (10) à la chambre de mélange (4b), un troisième conduit (7), qui conduit du port de sortie de la chambre de mélange (4b), qui est situé en face de la buse (4a), à la sortie de diffusion (8), un conduit (5), caractérisé en ce que la portion joignant les conduits (3, 4a, 5, 7, 9), la soupape de dosage (10), sont situés dans un seul éjecteur (20), comme défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.
  6. Appareil selon la revendication 5, dans lequel la sortie (8) consiste en un ensemble de 8 groupes de busettes (8a) à (8h), chaque groupe ayant quatre busettes individuelles.
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la sortie (8) est un système d'arroseur par le haut, comprenant 32 à 64 busettes.
  8. Procédé de mélange et de diffusion d'une substance active liquide en utilisant un appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la substance active est une ou plusieurs pyrethrines naturelles et/ou pyréthroïdes synthétiques.
EP92914502A 1991-02-01 1992-01-31 Procede de diffusion et appareil a cet effet Expired - Lifetime EP0524313B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91300829 1991-02-01
EP91300829 1991-02-01
PCT/GB1992/000184 WO1992014063A2 (fr) 1991-02-01 1992-01-31 Procede de diffusion et appareil a cet effet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0524313A1 EP0524313A1 (fr) 1993-01-27
EP0524313B1 true EP0524313B1 (fr) 1997-12-10

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EP92914502A Expired - Lifetime EP0524313B1 (fr) 1991-02-01 1992-01-31 Procede de diffusion et appareil a cet effet

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US (2) US5326228A (fr)
EP (1) EP0524313B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3137978B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR0169953B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE161077T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU652420B2 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ291137B6 (fr)
DE (1) DE69223462T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0524313T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2112321T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI923893A (fr)
GR (1) GR3025853T3 (fr)
HU (1) HU215506B (fr)
NO (2) NO923813L (fr)
NZ (1) NZ241478A (fr)
RU (1) RU2089301C1 (fr)
SK (1) SK296992A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992014063A2 (fr)

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DE102006016286A1 (de) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-11 Sidag Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zum Feinstverteilen und Austragen eines Reiz- oder Kampfstoffes
DE102007021267A1 (de) 2007-05-03 2008-11-06 Dräger, Karl-Heinz Verfahren und Anlage zum dosierten Freisetzen von Reizstoffen mittels eines Treibgases in Räumen zur Personenabwehr
DE102007027412A1 (de) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Dräger, Karl-Heinz Verfahren und Anlage zur Verbesserung der Austragung von Reiz- und Kampfstoffen

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US5582507A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-12-10 Valeo Thermique Moteur Automotive fan structure
FR2751401B1 (fr) * 1996-07-19 1998-08-28 Commissariat Energie Atomique Systeme de decharge de vapeur a condenseur interne
GB9702779D0 (en) 1997-02-11 1997-04-02 Agrevo Uk Ltd Dosing vessel
CZ304719B6 (cs) * 2005-09-16 2014-09-10 Josef Kovář Injektážní zařízení pro aplikaci korekčních přípravků
DE102007006547B4 (de) * 2007-02-09 2016-09-29 Dürr Systems GmbH Lenkluftring und entsprechendes Beschichtungsverfahren
RU2467396C2 (ru) * 2010-11-03 2012-11-20 Армен Арменакович Акопян Торговый аппарат аэрозольных смесей
GB201020777D0 (en) * 2010-12-08 2011-01-19 Reckitt Benckiser Nv A container assembly for use with a dispenser
WO2013126406A1 (fr) 2012-02-20 2013-08-29 Clarke Mosquito Control Products, Inc. Pulvérisateur d'insecticide et ensemble tête de pulvérisation rotative
MX2015006626A (es) * 2012-11-28 2016-11-25 Pollen-Tech Llc Composiciones de polen para la distribucion de plantas con flores.
KR102493947B1 (ko) * 2015-12-24 2023-01-30 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 유기 발광 소자
US11000068B2 (en) * 2017-06-20 2021-05-11 Cascadia Technologies, LLC Aerosol inhalant producing device with measurable dose and/or other features
US11065636B2 (en) * 2018-02-15 2021-07-20 Wagner Spray Tech Corporation Aerial fluid spraying system

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006016286A1 (de) * 2006-04-03 2007-10-11 Sidag Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zum Feinstverteilen und Austragen eines Reiz- oder Kampfstoffes
DE102006016286B4 (de) * 2006-04-03 2009-03-12 Karl-Heinz Dräger Verfahren und Anlage zum Verteilen und Austragen eines Reiz- oder Kampfstoffes
DE102007021267A1 (de) 2007-05-03 2008-11-06 Dräger, Karl-Heinz Verfahren und Anlage zum dosierten Freisetzen von Reizstoffen mittels eines Treibgases in Räumen zur Personenabwehr
DE102007021267B4 (de) * 2007-05-03 2012-07-05 Hans-Joachim Schubert Verfahren und Anlage zum dosierten Freisetzen von Reizstoffen mittels eines Treibgases in Räumen zur Personenabwehr
DE102007027412A1 (de) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Dräger, Karl-Heinz Verfahren und Anlage zur Verbesserung der Austragung von Reiz- und Kampfstoffen
DE102007027412B4 (de) * 2007-06-11 2011-07-21 Dräger, Karl-Heinz, 10117 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Austragen von Reiz- und Kampfstoffen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI923893A0 (fi) 1992-08-31
DE69223462T2 (de) 1998-04-02
HU9202841D0 (en) 1992-11-30
JP3137978B2 (ja) 2001-02-26
DE69223462D1 (de) 1998-01-22
GR3025853T3 (en) 1998-04-30
NO943658L (no) 1992-09-30
JPH05506079A (ja) 1993-09-02
DK0524313T3 (da) 1998-08-24
CZ296992A3 (en) 1993-01-13
WO1992014063A2 (fr) 1992-08-20
HU215506B (hu) 1999-01-28
US5326228A (en) 1994-07-05
US5363888A (en) 1994-11-15
WO1992014063A3 (fr) 1993-06-24
SK296992A3 (en) 1993-10-06
HUT67498A (en) 1995-04-28
RU2089301C1 (ru) 1997-09-10
NZ241478A (en) 1995-03-28
FI923893A (fi) 1992-08-31
AU652420B2 (en) 1994-08-25
NO923813D0 (no) 1992-09-30
NO943658D0 (no) 1994-09-30
EP0524313A1 (fr) 1993-01-27
KR960706026A (ko) 1996-11-08
CZ291137B6 (cs) 2002-12-11
ES2112321T3 (es) 1998-04-01
KR0173422B1 (en) 1999-03-20
AU1201792A (en) 1992-09-07
ATE161077T1 (de) 1997-12-15
KR0169953B1 (ko) 1999-03-20
NO923813L (no) 1992-09-30

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