EP0524088A1 - Contact for circuit breaker - Google Patents

Contact for circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0524088A1
EP0524088A1 EP92402039A EP92402039A EP0524088A1 EP 0524088 A1 EP0524088 A1 EP 0524088A1 EP 92402039 A EP92402039 A EP 92402039A EP 92402039 A EP92402039 A EP 92402039A EP 0524088 A1 EP0524088 A1 EP 0524088A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blowing
nozzle
circuit breaker
contact
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92402039A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Denis Dufournet
Michel Perret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEC Alsthom SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom SA
Publication of EP0524088A1 publication Critical patent/EP0524088A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
    • H01H1/385—Contact arrangements for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/76—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical contact which can be used to constitute the arcing contact of a medium or high voltage circuit breaker.
  • blowing volume the heat produced by the arc which is established at the separation of the arcing contacts is used to heat the gas to a volume called blowing volume or expansion volume.
  • This volume is delimited at one end by a blowing nozzle; when the current to be cut through crosses zero, the gas in the blowing volume expands through the neck of the nozzle and blows the arc.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the contact so as to obtain a greater pressure in the blowing volume, in particular for breaking low-intensity currents.
  • the contact of the invention which can be used as a movable arcing contact in a self-blowing circuit breaker comprising a blowing volume and a blowing nozzle, and which is characterized in that it consists of a metal tube at the end of which is fixed a tip made of insulating material.
  • the tip of the invention should not be confused with the insulating part described in French patent application 2,389,219; in this document, an insulating part is placed inside the fixed arcing contact of a circuit breaker to allow the switching of the arc on an annular electrode integral with the fixed arcing contact.
  • the tip is placed at the end of the movable arcing contact; the circuit breaker does not have any ring electrodes.
  • the breaking chamber partially shown in axial section in FIG. 1 comprises a sealed casing 1 (made of porcelain for conventional circuit breakers, of metal for so-called metal grounded circuit breakers) filled with a gas with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars.
  • a fixed assembly comprising a metal tube 2 electrically connected to a first outlet not shown and carrying a first metal tube 3 constituting the fixed main contact, a second metal tube 4 coaxial with the first and constituting the fixed arcing contact, and an insulating blowing nozzle 5, for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene (known for example under the registered trademark teflon).
  • the tube 4 is provided at its end with a part 4A of material resistant to the effects of the arc, for example tungsten carbide.
  • the volume 6 delimited by the tube 2 and the nozzle 5 constitutes the blowing volume of the circuit breaker.
  • the tube 4 can be either plugged at its inner end (single blowing) or open (double blowing).
  • the mobile equipment of the circuit breaker comprises a metal tube 8 electrically connected by sliding contacts not shown to a second socket.
  • the tube is connected to an insulating operating rod, not shown.
  • the tube 8 has one end which opens out to carry a contact tube 9 constituting the movable arcing contact and contact fingers 10 forming the movable permanent contact.
  • the tube 9 is provided at its end with a part 9A of material resistant to the effects of the arc.
  • the tube 9 is provided at its end with a nozzle 12 made of insulating material, which extends beyond the part 9A. This tip is secured to the tube 9 by screwing or crimping.
  • the material of the end piece is advantageously polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the choice of this material is advantageous because it produces, when heated by the arc, fluorinated vapors which favor the breaking of the arc.
  • This material can be loaded, for example with glass fibers or with resin.
  • the invention applies to medium or high voltage circuit breakers, of the conventional type or with an earthed metal casing.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

Electric contact, usable as a moving arc contact in a self-blasting circuit breaker including a blast volume and a blast nozzle, characterised in that it consists of a metal tube (9) to the end of which is fixed a bung (12) of insulating material. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative à un contact électrique utilisable pour constituer le contact d'arc d'un disjoncteur à moyenne ou à haute tension.The present invention relates to an electrical contact which can be used to constitute the arcing contact of a medium or high voltage circuit breaker.

On sait que dans les disjoncteurs à auto-soufflage, la chaleur produite par l'arc qui s'établit à la séparation des contacts d'arc est utilisée pour échauffer le gaz d'un volume appelé volume de soufflage ou volume d'expansion. Ce volume est délimité à une extrémité par une buse de soufflage; au passage par zéro du courant à couper, le gaz du volume de soufflage se détend à travers le col de la buse et souffle l'arc.It is known that in self-blowing circuit breakers, the heat produced by the arc which is established at the separation of the arcing contacts is used to heat the gas to a volume called blowing volume or expansion volume. This volume is delimited at one end by a blowing nozzle; when the current to be cut through crosses zero, the gas in the blowing volume expands through the neck of the nozzle and blows the arc.

On a observé que l'efficacité du soufflage, en particulier pour le soufflage de l'arc qui se produit lors de la coupure des courants de faible intensité (par exemple l'intensité correspondant à la valeur nominale du courant dans lequel le disjoncteur est inséré), n'est pas totale, car la montée en pression dans le volume de soufflage est insuffisante.It has been observed that the efficiency of the blowing, in particular for the blowing of the arc which occurs during the breaking of low currents (for example the intensity corresponding to the nominal value of the current in which the circuit breaker is inserted ), is not total because the pressure rise in the blowing volume is insufficient.

Un but de la présente invention est d'améliorer le contact de manière à obtenir une plus grande pression dans le volume de soufflage en particulier pour la coupure des courants de faible intensité.An object of the present invention is to improve the contact so as to obtain a greater pressure in the blowing volume, in particular for breaking low-intensity currents.

Ce but est atteint par le contact de l'invention, utilisable comme contact d'arc mobile dans un disjoncteur à auto-soufflage comportant un volume de soufflage et une buse de soufflage, et qui est caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'un tube métallique à l'extrémité duquel est fixé un embout en matériau isolant.This object is achieved by the contact of the invention, which can be used as a movable arcing contact in a self-blowing circuit breaker comprising a blowing volume and a blowing nozzle, and which is characterized in that it consists of a metal tube at the end of which is fixed a tip made of insulating material.

On ne devra pas confondre l'embout de l'invention avec la pièce isolante décrite dans la demande de brevet français 2 389 219; dans ce document, une pièce isolante est placée à l'intérieur du contact d'arc fixe d'un disjoncteur pour permettre la commutation de l'arc sur une électrode annulaire solidaire du contact d'arc fixe.The tip of the invention should not be confused with the insulating part described in French patent application 2,389,219; in this document, an insulating part is placed inside the fixed arcing contact of a circuit breaker to allow the switching of the arc on an annular electrode integral with the fixed arcing contact.

Dans la présente demande de brevet, l'embout est placé à l'extrémité du contact d'arc mobile; le disjoncteur ne comporte aucune électrode annulaire.In this patent application, the tip is placed at the end of the movable arcing contact; the circuit breaker does not have any ring electrodes.

L'invention sera bien comprise à la description d'un exemple de réalisation en référence au dessin ci-annexé dans lequel:

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle en coupe axiale de la chambre de coupure d'un disjoncteur à auto-soufflage, représenté en position enclenchée,
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue après la séparation des contacts d'arc, mais avant la phase de soufflage de l'arc,
  • la figure 3 est une vue analogue, au moment du soufflage de l'arc.
The invention will be clearly understood from the description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a partial view in axial section of the breaking chamber of a self-blowing circuit breaker, shown in the engaged position,
  • FIG. 2 is a similar view after the separation of the arcing contacts, but before the arc blowing phase,
  • Figure 3 is a similar view, when blowing the arc.

La chambre de coupure représentée partiellement en coupe axiale dans la figure 1 comprend une enveloppe étanche 1 (en porcelaine pour les disjoncteurs classiques, en métal pour les disjoncteurs dits à enveloppe métallique à la terre) remplie d'un gaz à bonnes propriétés diélectriques tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre sous une pression de quelques bars.The breaking chamber partially shown in axial section in FIG. 1 comprises a sealed casing 1 (made of porcelain for conventional circuit breakers, of metal for so-called metal grounded circuit breakers) filled with a gas with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride under a pressure of a few bars.

A l'intérieur de la chambre, on trouve un ensemble fixe comprenant un tube métallique 2 relié électriquement à une première prise de courant non représentée et portant un premier tube métallique 3 constituant le contact principal fixe, un second tube métallique 4 coaxial au premier et constituant le contact d'arc fixe, et une buse de soufflage isolante 5, par exemple en polytétrafluoro-éthylène (connu par exemple sous la marque déposée téflon). Le tube 4 est muni à son extrémité d'une partie 4A en matériau résistant aux effets de l'arc, par exemple en carbure de tungstène.Inside the chamber, there is a fixed assembly comprising a metal tube 2 electrically connected to a first outlet not shown and carrying a first metal tube 3 constituting the fixed main contact, a second metal tube 4 coaxial with the first and constituting the fixed arcing contact, and an insulating blowing nozzle 5, for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene (known for example under the registered trademark teflon). The tube 4 is provided at its end with a part 4A of material resistant to the effects of the arc, for example tungsten carbide.

Le volume 6 délimité par le tube 2 et la buse 5 constitue le volume de soufflage du disjoncteur.The volume 6 delimited by the tube 2 and the nozzle 5 constitutes the blowing volume of the circuit breaker.

Le tube 4 peut être, soit bouché à son extrémité intérieure (simple soufflage), soit ouvert (double soufflage).The tube 4 can be either plugged at its inner end (single blowing) or open (double blowing).

L'équipage mobile du disjoncteur comprend un tube métallique 8 relié électriquement par des contacts glissants non représentés à une seconde prise de courant. Le tube est relié à une tringle de manoeuvre isolante non représentée.The mobile equipment of the circuit breaker comprises a metal tube 8 electrically connected by sliding contacts not shown to a second socket. The tube is connected to an insulating operating rod, not shown.

Le tube 8 a une extrémité qui s'épanouit pour porter un tube de contact 9 constituant le contact d'arc mobile et des doigts de contact 10 formant le contact permanent mobile. Le tube 9 est muni à son extrémité d'une partie 9A en matériau résistant aux effets de l'arc.The tube 8 has one end which opens out to carry a contact tube 9 constituting the movable arcing contact and contact fingers 10 forming the movable permanent contact. The tube 9 is provided at its end with a part 9A of material resistant to the effects of the arc.

Le tube 9 est muni à son extrémité d'un embout 12 en matériau isolant, qui se prolonge au-delà de la partie 9A. Cet embout est solidarisé au tube 9 par vissage ou par sertissage.The tube 9 is provided at its end with a nozzle 12 made of insulating material, which extends beyond the part 9A. This tip is secured to the tube 9 by screwing or crimping.

Le matériau de l'embout est avantageusement du polytétrafluoro-éthylène. Le choix de ce matériau est avantageux car il produit, lorsqu'il est échauffé par l'arc, des vapeurs fluorées qui favorisent la coupure de l'arc. Ce matériau peut être chargé, par exemple par des fibres de verre ou par de la résine.The material of the end piece is advantageously polytetrafluoroethylene. The choice of this material is advantageous because it produces, when heated by the arc, fluorinated vapors which favor the breaking of the arc. This material can be loaded, for example with glass fibers or with resin.

Lorsque le disjoncteur est en position enclenchée, le courant passe par le tube 2, le contact 3, les doigts 10 et le tube 8.When the circuit breaker is in the on position, current flows through the tube 2, the contact 3, the fingers 10 and the tube 8.

Au déclenchement du disjoncteur, les contacts principaux 3 et 10 se séparent, et le courant passe par les contacts d'arc 4 et 9.When the circuit breaker trips, the main contacts 3 and 10 separate, and current flows through the arcing contacts 4 and 9.

A la séparation des contacts d'arc (figure 2), un arc 15 jaillit entre les contacts d'arc; le gaz duvolume 6 s'échauffe, ce qui fait augmenter la pression au sein de ce volume; grâce à l'embout 12, le volume 6 reste pratiquement fermé bien que l'extrémité 9A du contact d'arc mobile 9 ait dépassé le col de la buse. De la sorte, la pression dans le volume 6 continue à augmenter car le gaz de ce volume ne peut guère s'échapper à travers le faible passage annulaire existant entre l'embout 12 et le col de la buse.Upon separation of the arcing contacts (Figure 2), an arc 15 arises between the arcing contacts; the volume 6 gas heats up, which increases the pressure within this volume; thanks to the nozzle 12, the volume 6 remains practically closed although the end 9A of the movable arcing contact 9 has passed the neck of the nozzle. In this way, the pressure in the volume 6 continues to increase because the gas in this volume can hardly escape through the small annular passage existing between the nozzle 12 and the neck of the nozzle.

Ce n'est que lorsque l'embout 12 dépasse le col de la buse (figure 3) que le volume 6 est ouvert et que le gaz de soufflage s'échappe à travers le col de la buse. Il est possible de calculer la longueur de l'embout 12, en tenant compte de la vitesse de déplacement des contacts, pour obtenir, dans le volume 6, la surpression permettant d'assurer la coupure au moment du passage par zéro du courant.It is only when the nozzle 12 exceeds the neck of the nozzle (FIG. 3) that the volume 6 is opened and that the blowing gas escapes through the neck of the nozzle. It is possible to calculate the length of the end piece 12, taking into account the speed of movement of the contacts, in order to obtain, in volume 6, the overpressure making it possible to cut off when the current crosses zero.

Grâce à l'invention, la coupure des courants de faible intensité (courant nominal par exemple, par opposition aux forts courants tels que les courants de court-circuit) est assurée, car l'effet de soufflage est utilisé au maximum.Thanks to the invention, the breaking of low intensity currents (nominal current for example, as opposed to high currents such as short-circuit currents) is ensured, because the blowing effect is used to the maximum.

En réalisant le contact d'arc fixe sous forme d'un tube, on obtient à l'ouverture du disjoncteur un double soufflage, comme le montrent les flèches dans la figure 3.By making the fixed arcing contact in the form of a tube, a double blowing is obtained at the opening of the circuit breaker, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 3.

L'invention s'applique aux disjoncteurs à moyenne ou haute tension, de type conventionnel ou à enveloppe métallique à la terre.The invention applies to medium or high voltage circuit breakers, of the conventional type or with an earthed metal casing.

Claims (5)

1/ Contact électrique, utilisable comme contact d'arc mobile dans un disjoncteur à auto-soufflage comportant un volume de soufflage et une buse de soufflage, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'un tube métallique (9), traversant ladite buse (5), et à l'extrémité duquel est fixé un embout (12) en matériau isolant. 1 / Electrical contact, usable as a movable arcing contact in a self-blowing circuit breaker comprising a blowing volume and a blowing nozzle, characterized in that it consists of a metal tube (9) passing through said nozzle (5), and at the end of which is fixed a nozzle (12) made of insulating material. 2/ Contact électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de l'embout (12) et de la buse est du polytétrafluoro-éthylène. 2 / electrical contact according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the nozzle (12) and the nozzle is polytetrafluoroethylene. 3/ Contact électrique selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (12) est fixé au tube (9) par vissage. 3 / electrical contact according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the end piece (12) is fixed to the tube (9) by screwing. 4/ Contact électrique selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'embout (12) est fixé au tube(9) par sertissage. 4 / electrical contact according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the end piece (12) is fixed to the tube (9) by crimping. 5/ Contact électrique selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le polytétrafluoro-éthylène est chargé. 5 / electrical contact according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the polytetrafluoroethylene is charged.
EP92402039A 1991-07-19 1992-07-15 Contact for circuit breaker Withdrawn EP0524088A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9109177A FR2679375A1 (en) 1991-07-19 1991-07-19 CONTACTOR FOR CIRCUIT BREAKER.
FR9109177 1991-07-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0524088A1 true EP0524088A1 (en) 1993-01-20

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ID=9415335

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92402039A Withdrawn EP0524088A1 (en) 1991-07-19 1992-07-15 Contact for circuit breaker

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0524088A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05190064A (en)
CN (1) CN1068909A (en)
BR (1) BR9202729A (en)
CA (1) CA2074037A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2679375A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2709865A1 (en) * 1993-09-08 1995-03-17 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Arc contact for auto-blowing circuit breaker
WO2007016797A1 (en) * 2005-08-10 2007-02-15 Abb Research Ltd Self-blast circuit breaker with control body
US7645957B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-01-12 Abb Technology Ag Nozzle for a gas-insulated switching device and related switching device
DE102009043195A1 (en) 2009-09-26 2011-03-31 Rwth Aachen Abbrandelement for arrangement on a switching contact of a circuit breaker

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103943394A (en) * 2013-01-23 2014-07-23 沈俊国 Insulation barrier and arc-extinguishing type electric appliance switch contact head
CN107112162B (en) 2015-01-07 2019-04-12 三菱电机株式会社 Gas circuit breaker
CN110293511B (en) * 2019-06-14 2020-11-24 平高集团有限公司 Moving arc contact loading and unloading tool

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2389219A1 (en) * 1977-04-29 1978-11-24 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie GAS ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP0152134A2 (en) * 1984-02-10 1985-08-21 ABB SACE S.p.A. Arc contact system for electrical circuit breakers, in particular of the type using an arc extinguishing fluid
EP0270895A1 (en) * 1986-12-08 1988-06-15 BBC Brown Boveri AG Pressurized-gas switch
DE3930550A1 (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-21 Licentia Gmbh Switching chamber for sulphur hexa:fluoride circuit breaker - has rated current contact in region of breaker axis, surrounded by power contact

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2389219A1 (en) * 1977-04-29 1978-11-24 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie GAS ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER
EP0152134A2 (en) * 1984-02-10 1985-08-21 ABB SACE S.p.A. Arc contact system for electrical circuit breakers, in particular of the type using an arc extinguishing fluid
EP0270895A1 (en) * 1986-12-08 1988-06-15 BBC Brown Boveri AG Pressurized-gas switch
DE3930550A1 (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-21 Licentia Gmbh Switching chamber for sulphur hexa:fluoride circuit breaker - has rated current contact in region of breaker axis, surrounded by power contact

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2709865A1 (en) * 1993-09-08 1995-03-17 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Arc contact for auto-blowing circuit breaker
US7645957B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-01-12 Abb Technology Ag Nozzle for a gas-insulated switching device and related switching device
WO2007016797A1 (en) * 2005-08-10 2007-02-15 Abb Research Ltd Self-blast circuit breaker with control body
DE102009043195A1 (en) 2009-09-26 2011-03-31 Rwth Aachen Abbrandelement for arrangement on a switching contact of a circuit breaker
WO2011035781A1 (en) 2009-09-26 2011-03-31 Rwth Aachen Burn-off element to be arranged on a switch contact of a power circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05190064A (en) 1993-07-30
CN1068909A (en) 1993-02-10
BR9202729A (en) 1993-03-23
FR2679375A1 (en) 1993-01-22
CA2074037A1 (en) 1993-01-20

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