EP0406794A1 - High or middle tension circuit breaker - Google Patents

High or middle tension circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0406794A1
EP0406794A1 EP90112672A EP90112672A EP0406794A1 EP 0406794 A1 EP0406794 A1 EP 0406794A1 EP 90112672 A EP90112672 A EP 90112672A EP 90112672 A EP90112672 A EP 90112672A EP 0406794 A1 EP0406794 A1 EP 0406794A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
contact
fixed
assembly
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90112672A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0406794B1 (en
Inventor
Edmond Thuries
Denis Dufournet
Michel Perret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
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GEC Alsthom SA
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Publication of EP0406794A1 publication Critical patent/EP0406794A1/en
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Publication of EP0406794B1 publication Critical patent/EP0406794B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H01H33/903—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc and assisting the operating mechanism

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit breaker usable in high or medium voltage, in which the breaking chamber is filled with dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), and in which the energy of the arc is used, thanks to the increase in pressure it gives to the gas, on the one hand to blow the arc which is established at the separation of the arcing contacts and, on the other hand, to provide additional energy circuit breaker opening mechanism.
  • dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
  • circuit breaker with a pair of additional contacts capable of generating, when the circuit breaker opens, a secondary arc.
  • a circuit breaker of this type is described for example in German Patent Publication No. 23 49 263.
  • a disadvantage of the circuit breaker of the prior art is the weighing down of the mobile assembly by the presence of one of the secondary contacts. This increase results in the need to provide the circuit breaker with an increased power control mechanism, which increases the cost price of the device.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with secondary contacts, in which the moving part is not weighed down.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a compact circuit breaker, therefore of reduced construction cost price and whose maintenance costs are reduced.
  • Document DE-A-2403300 discloses a circuit breaker provided with secondary contacts; one of them, the furthest from the blowing nozzle, is integral with the mobile assembly; the other is semi-mobile relative to the fixed crew.
  • a circuit breaker has a drawback: the length of the secondary arc is not limited; as a result, during an operation of opening the circuit breaker, the arc becomes so too large, which has the effect of overheating the surrounding gas; this excessive heating can prevent the circuit-breaker from carrying out a rapid open-close-open cycle (OFO), because the gas, after a first opening, does not have time to cool down sufficiently; as a result, the medium remains very ionized, and the second opening maneuver may fail, the secondary arc not extinguishing when the current crosses zero.
  • OFO open-close-open cycle
  • An additional object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the subject of the invention is a high and medium voltage circuit breaker with arc self-blowing dielectric gas insulation comprising, inside a sealed insulating envelope: a fixed assembly comprising in particular a fixed main contact and a fixed arcing contact, a movable assembly driven by an operating rod and comprising in particular a movable main contact and a movable arcing contact, - a first blowing volume extended by a blowing nozzle, - a blowing piston, - first and second secondary contacts arranged in a second volume and intended to generate a secondary arc, characterized in that the first secondary contact is fixed relative to the fixed assembly, the second secondary contact being semi-mobile relative to the mobile assembly, having a source of energy of its own for its movement during a maneuver of tripping of the circuit breaker and being provided with means to give it a stroke less than that of the mobile assembly.
  • said second secondary contact is the one which, when the circuit breaker is in the open position, is furthest from the blowing nozzle.
  • said energy source is a spring placed under compression during a circuit-breaker switching operation.
  • the means for limiting the travel of the second secondary contact is a stop coming into contact with the fixed piston.
  • the reference 1 designates a cylindrical envelope of axis xx, of insulating material such as ceramic, delimiting an interior volume 2 filled with a gas with good dielectric properties, such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) , under a pressure of a few bars.
  • a gas with good dielectric properties such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)
  • the elements of the switching chamber are of revolution around the axis xx, which gives the device compactness and ease of assembly and maintenance.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a fixed main contact 3 consisting of fingers arranged in a tulip; this contact is surrounded by a corona hood 4.
  • the main contact 3 is associated with a fixed arcing contact constituted by a metal tube 5 terminated by a piece 5A of material resistant to the effects of the arcing such as an alloy based on tungsten.
  • the two aforementioned fixed contacts are electrically connected to a first outlet not shown.
  • the moving element comprises a metal tube 6, terminated by a wearing part 6A, constituting the moving arcing contact.
  • This tube is connected to a rod 8 made of insulating material, used for tripping and reclosing operations of the circuit breaker.
  • the moving element further comprises a tube 9, of axis xx, having at one end a portion 9A of narrowed diameter which constitutes the moving main contact. This portion also serves as a support for a blowing nozzle 10, made of insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the tube 6 and the tube 9 are joined by an insulating ring 11 pierced with large orifices 12.
  • the tube 6 and the tube 9 define an annular volume V1 constituting the blowing volume of the arc.
  • This volume is closed, on the side opposite to the nozzle 10, by a first piston 14, fixed, made of insulating material and held by a tube 15, coaxial with the tube 9 and connected to a second socket, not shown, of the circuit breaker.
  • the piston 14 is pierced with orifices 16 which can be closed off by a washer 17 constituting a differential valve.
  • the seal between the piston 14 and the tube 9 is obtained by means of a sliding annular seal 18.
  • the tubes 15 and 6 delimit, to the right of the piston 14, a volume V2 of annular section, in which the secondary contacts are placed.
  • This volume is closed by a second piston 20, made of insulating material, integral with the tube 6.
  • This piston can slide in leaktight fashion along the tube 15 thanks to a dynamic seal 21.
  • the piston 20 is pierced with orifices 21A which can be closed off by a washer 22 forming a valve.
  • a first secondary contact closest to the blowing nozzle when the circuit breaker is in the open position (position in FIG. 3), consists of a tube 23, integral with the first piston 14 and therefore of the fixed assembly.
  • This tube of axis xx, is terminated by a wear part 23A.
  • This tube is electrically connected to the tube 15, for example by a metal crown 23B pierced with holes in the extension of the holes 16.
  • the other secondary contact is a tube 24, terminated by a wearing part 24A.
  • This tube coaxial with the tube 23, and of diameter smaller than the latter in order to be able to engage therein in the engaged position of the circuit breaker, is fixed to an annular metal block 25 which can slide freely around the tube 6. Sliding electrical contacts 26 allow a electrical contact between the tube 6 and the part 25.
  • a spring 27 is disposed between the block 25 and the fixed piston 14; it is compressed when the circuit breaker is in the on position.
  • the stroke of the block 25 is limited by a stop 28, forming an integral part of a tube 29 of insulating material which can slide along the tube 6 and which sheaths the latter 6 over part of its length; the role of the tube 29 will be explained later.
  • Contact 24 is extended by a tube 24B made of insulating material (for example polytetrafluoroethylene), the role of which will appear in the following.
  • insulating material for example polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the assembly constituted by the block 25, the contact 24, the tube 29 and the contacts 26 can be qualified as semi-mobile since it can carry out, relative to the mobile assembly, displacements of limited amplitude.
  • the operating rod is moved, by the operating mechanism not shown, to the right of the figure.
  • the main contacts 3 and 9A separate, and the current, switched to the arcing contacts, then passes through the tube 5, the tube 6, the contacts 26, the block 24, the secondary contact 23, the crown 23B and the tube 15.
  • the secondary contact 24 comes to a standstill, the stop 28 coming into contact with the piston 14 via the shock absorber 30.
  • the length of the secondary arc is limited, so that there is no fear of excessive heating of the gas of volume V2, or deterioration of the parts delimiting this volume, by vagrancy of the secondary arc.
  • the arc 50 is extinguished by the vigorous blowing coming from the volume V1 through the blowing nozzle 10.
  • the various elements of the circuit breaker can be dimensioned so that the main 50 and secondary 51 arcs appear at about the same time.
  • the circuit breaker is of compact construction and its maintenance is easy. It finds applications in medium and high voltage networks.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit breaker for high and medium tension including insulation by means of a dielectric gas and puffer arc blasting, the circuit breaker comprising a gastight insulating casing, containing: a fixed assembly comprising, in particular, a fixed main contact and a fixed arcing contact; a moving assembly driven by a drive rod and including, in particular, a moving main contact and a moving arcing contact; a first blast volume extended by a blast nozzle; a blast piston; and first and second secondary contacts disposed inside a second volume and designed to strike a secondary arc; wherein the first secondary contact is fixed relative to the fixed assembly, the second secondary contact being semi-moving relative to the moving assembly, possessing its own source of energy for displacing it during a circuit breaker disengagement operation, and being provided with means for conferring a shorter stroke thereto than the stroke of the moving assembly.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un disjoncteur utilisable en haute ou moyenne tension, dans lequel la chambre de coupure est remplie de gaz diélectrique tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre (SF6), et dans lequel l'énergie de l'arc est utilisée, grâce à l'augmentation de pression qu'elle confère au gaz, d'une part pour souffler l'arc qui s'établit à la séparation des contacts d'arc et, d'autre part, pour apporter un complément d'énergie au mécanisme d'ouverture du disjoncteur.The present invention relates to a circuit breaker usable in high or medium voltage, in which the breaking chamber is filled with dielectric gas such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), and in which the energy of the arc is used, thanks to the increase in pressure it gives to the gas, on the one hand to blow the arc which is established at the separation of the arcing contacts and, on the other hand, to provide additional energy circuit breaker opening mechanism.

Ces objectifs sont atteints par exemple en dotant le disjoncteur d'une paire de contacts supplémentaires capables de générer, lors de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, un arc secondaire.These objectives are achieved, for example, by providing the circuit breaker with a pair of additional contacts capable of generating, when the circuit breaker opens, a secondary arc.

Un disjoncteur de ce type a été décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet allemand publiée No 23 49 263.A circuit breaker of this type is described for example in German Patent Publication No. 23 49 263.

Un inconvénient du disjoncteur de l'art antérieur est l'alourdissement de l'équipage mobile par la présence d'un des contacts secondaires. Cet alourdissement entraîne la nécessité de doter le disjoncteur d'un mécanisme de commande de puissance accrue, ce qui augmente le prix de revient de l'appareil.A disadvantage of the circuit breaker of the prior art is the weighing down of the mobile assembly by the presence of one of the secondary contacts. This increase results in the need to provide the circuit breaker with an increased power control mechanism, which increases the cost price of the device.

Un but de l'invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur avec contacts secondaires, dans lequel l'équipage mobile n'est pas alourdi.An object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker with secondary contacts, in which the moving part is not weighed down.

Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur compact, donc de prix de revient à la construction réduit et dont les frais de maintenance sont réduits.Another object of the invention is to provide a compact circuit breaker, therefore of reduced construction cost price and whose maintenance costs are reduced.

On connaît, par le document DE-A-2403300, un disjoncteur muni de contacts secondaires; l'un d'eux, le plus éloigné de la buse de soufflage, est solidaire de l'équipage mobile; l'autre est semi-mobile par rapport à l'équipage fixe. Un tel disjoncteur présente un inconvénient: la longueur de l'arc secondaire n'est pas limitée; il en résulte qu'au cours d'une opération d'ouverture du disjoncteur, l'arc s'allonge de manière trop importante, ce qui a pour effet d'échauffer exagérément le gaz environnement; cet échauffement excessif peut empêcher la réalisation par le disjoncteur d'un cycle rapide ouverture-fermeture-ouverture (OFO), car le gaz, après une première ouverture, n'a pas le temps de se refroidir suffisamment; par suite, le milieu reste très ionisé, et la seconde manoeuvre d'ouverture peut échouer, l'arc secondaire ne s'éteignant pas au passage par zéro du courant.Document DE-A-2403300 discloses a circuit breaker provided with secondary contacts; one of them, the furthest from the blowing nozzle, is integral with the mobile assembly; the other is semi-mobile relative to the fixed crew. Such a circuit breaker has a drawback: the length of the secondary arc is not limited; as a result, during an operation of opening the circuit breaker, the arc becomes so too large, which has the effect of overheating the surrounding gas; this excessive heating can prevent the circuit-breaker from carrying out a rapid open-close-open cycle (OFO), because the gas, after a first opening, does not have time to cool down sufficiently; as a result, the medium remains very ionized, and the second opening maneuver may fail, the secondary arc not extinguishing when the current crosses zero.

Un autre inconvénient d'un allongement excessif de l'arc est que ce dernier peut détériorer les parties qui l'entourent.Another disadvantage of excessive elongation of the arch is that the latter can deteriorate the parts which surround it.

Un but supplémentaire de la présente invention est de réaliser un disjoncteur qui ne présente pas les inconvénients précités.An additional object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.

L'invention a pour objet un disjoncteur à haute et moyenne tension à isolement par gaz diélectrique à auto-soufflage d'arc comprenant, à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe isolante étanche:
- un ensemble fixe comprenant notamment un contact principal fixe et un contact d'arc fixe,
- un ensemble mobile entraîné par une tringle de manoeuvre et comportant notamment un contact principal mobile et un contact d'arc mobile,
- un premier volume de soufflage prolongé par une buse de soufflage,
- un piston de soufflage,
- un premier et un second contacts secondaires disposés dans un second volume et destinés à générer un arc secondaire,
caractérisé en ce que le premier contact secondaire est fixe par rapport à l'ensemble fixe, le second contact secondaire étant semi-mobile par rapport à l'ensemble mobile, possédant une source d'énergie propre pour son déplacement lors d'une manoeuvre de déclenchement du disjoncteur et étant muni de moyens pour lui conférer une course inférieure à celle de l'ensemble mobile.The subject of the invention is a high and medium voltage circuit breaker with arc self-blowing dielectric gas insulation comprising, inside a sealed insulating envelope:
a fixed assembly comprising in particular a fixed main contact and a fixed arcing contact,
a movable assembly driven by an operating rod and comprising in particular a movable main contact and a movable arcing contact,
- a first blowing volume extended by a blowing nozzle,
- a blowing piston,
- first and second secondary contacts arranged in a second volume and intended to generate a secondary arc,
characterized in that the first secondary contact is fixed relative to the fixed assembly, the second secondary contact being semi-mobile relative to the mobile assembly, having a source of energy of its own for its movement during a maneuver of tripping of the circuit breaker and being provided with means to give it a stroke less than that of the mobile assembly.

Avantageusement, ledit second contact secondaire est celui qui, lorsque le disjoncteur est en position ouverte, est le plus éloigné de la buse de soufflage.Advantageously, said second secondary contact is the one which, when the circuit breaker is in the open position, is furthest from the blowing nozzle.

De préférence, ladite source d'énergie est un ressort mis en compression lors d'une manoeuvre d'enclenchement du disjoncteur.Preferably, said energy source is a spring placed under compression during a circuit-breaker switching operation.

Avantageusement, le moyen pour limiter la course du second contact secondaire est une butée venant en contact avec le piston fixe.Advantageously, the means for limiting the travel of the second secondary contact is a stop coming into contact with the fixed piston.

L'invention est précisée maintenant par la description d'un mode préféré de réalisation, en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en demi-coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon l'invention, représenté en position enclenchée,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en demi-coupe axiale du même disjoncteur au cours d'une manoeuvre de déclenchement.
  • - la figure 3 est une vue en demi-coupe axiale du même disjoncteur en fin de manoeuvre de déclenchement.
The invention is now clarified by the description of a preferred embodiment, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a view in axial half-section of a circuit breaker according to the invention, shown in the engaged position,
  • - Figure 2 is a view in axial half-section of the same circuit breaker during a tripping operation.
  • - Figure 3 is a view in axial half-section of the same circuit breaker at the end of tripping operation.

Dans la figure 1, la référence 1 désigne une enveloppe cylindrique d'axe xx, en matériau isolant tel que la céramique, délimitant un volume intérieur 2 rempli d'un gaz à bonnes propriétés diélectriques, tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre (SF6), sous une pression de quelques bars.In FIG. 1, the reference 1 designates a cylindrical envelope of axis xx, of insulating material such as ceramic, delimiting an interior volume 2 filled with a gas with good dielectric properties, such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) , under a pressure of a few bars.

Les éléments de la chambre de coupure sont de révolution autour de l'axe xx, ce qui confère à l'appareil compacité et facilité de montage et d'entretien.The elements of the switching chamber are of revolution around the axis xx, which gives the device compactness and ease of assembly and maintenance.

Le disjoncteur comprend un contact pricipal fixe 3 constitué de doigts disposés en tulipe; ce contact est entouré par un capot pare-effluves 4. Le contact principal 3 est associé à un contact d'arc fixe constitué par un tube métallique 5 terminé par une pièce 5A en matériau résistant aux effets de l'arc tel qu'un alliage à base de tungstène. Les deux contacts fixes précités sont reliés électriquement à une première prise de courant non représentée.The circuit breaker comprises a fixed main contact 3 consisting of fingers arranged in a tulip; this contact is surrounded by a corona hood 4. The main contact 3 is associated with a fixed arcing contact constituted by a metal tube 5 terminated by a piece 5A of material resistant to the effects of the arcing such as an alloy based on tungsten. The two aforementioned fixed contacts are electrically connected to a first outlet not shown.

L'équipage mobile comprend un tube métallique 6, terminé par une pièce d'usure 6A, constituant le contact d'arc mobile. Ce tube est relié à une tringle 8 en matériau isolant, utilisée pour les manoeuvres de déclenchement et réenclenchement du disjoncteur.The moving element comprises a metal tube 6, terminated by a wearing part 6A, constituting the moving arcing contact. This tube is connected to a rod 8 made of insulating material, used for tripping and reclosing operations of the circuit breaker.

L'équipage mobile comprend en outre un tube 9, d'axe xx, présentant à une extrémité une portion 9A de diamètre rétréci qui constitue le contact principal mobile. Cette portion sert également de support à une buse de soufflage 10, réalisée en matériau isolant tel que le polytétrafluoroéthylène. Le tube 6 et le tube 9 sont solidarisés par une couronne isolante 11 percée de larges orifices 12. Le tube 6 et le tube 9 délimitent un volume V1 annulaire constituant le volume de soufflage de l'arc.The moving element further comprises a tube 9, of axis xx, having at one end a portion 9A of narrowed diameter which constitutes the moving main contact. This portion also serves as a support for a blowing nozzle 10, made of insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The tube 6 and the tube 9 are joined by an insulating ring 11 pierced with large orifices 12. The tube 6 and the tube 9 define an annular volume V1 constituting the blowing volume of the arc.

Ce volume est fermé, du côté opposé à la buse 10, par un premier piston 14, fixe, réalisé en matériau isolant et maintenu par un tube 15, coaxial au tube 9 et relié à une seconde prise, non représentée, du disjoncteur. Le piston 14 est percé d'orifices 16 pouvant être obturés par une rondelle 17 constituant un clapet différentiel.This volume is closed, on the side opposite to the nozzle 10, by a first piston 14, fixed, made of insulating material and held by a tube 15, coaxial with the tube 9 and connected to a second socket, not shown, of the circuit breaker. The piston 14 is pierced with orifices 16 which can be closed off by a washer 17 constituting a differential valve.

L'étanchéité entre le piston 14 et le tube 9 est obtenue au moyen d'un joint annulaire glissant 18.The seal between the piston 14 and the tube 9 is obtained by means of a sliding annular seal 18.

La liaison électrique entre le tube 9 et le tube 15 est assurée par des contacts électriques glissants 19.The electrical connection between the tube 9 and the tube 15 is ensured by sliding electrical contacts 19.

Les tubes 15 et 6 délimitent, à la droite du piston 14, un volume V2 de section annulaire, dans lequel sont placés les contacts secondaires. Ce volume est fermé par un second piston 20, en matériau isolant, solidaire du tube 6. Ce piston peut coulisser de manière étanche le long du tube 15 grâce à un joint dynamique 21. Le piston 20 est percés d'orifices 21A pouvant être obturés par une rondelle 22 formant clapet.The tubes 15 and 6 delimit, to the right of the piston 14, a volume V2 of annular section, in which the secondary contacts are placed. This volume is closed by a second piston 20, made of insulating material, integral with the tube 6. This piston can slide in leaktight fashion along the tube 15 thanks to a dynamic seal 21. The piston 20 is pierced with orifices 21A which can be closed off by a washer 22 forming a valve.

Un premier contact secondaire, le plus proche de la buse de soufflage lorsque le disjoncteur est en position d'ouverture (position de la figure 3), est constitué d'un tube 23, solidaire du premier piston 14 et donc de l'ensemble fixe. Ce tube, d'axe xx, est terminé par une pièce d'usure 23A. Ce tube est électriquement relié au tube 15, par exemple par une couronne métallique 23B percée de trous dans le prolongement des trous 16.A first secondary contact, closest to the blowing nozzle when the circuit breaker is in the open position (position in FIG. 3), consists of a tube 23, integral with the first piston 14 and therefore of the fixed assembly. This tube, of axis xx, is terminated by a wear part 23A. This tube is electrically connected to the tube 15, for example by a metal crown 23B pierced with holes in the extension of the holes 16.

L'autre contact secondaire, le plus éloigné de la buse de soufflage lorsque le disjoncteur est en position ouverte, est un tube 24, terminé par une pièce d'usure 24A. Ce tube, coaxial au tube 23, et de diamètre inférieur à ce dernier pour pouvoir s'y engager en position enclenchée du disjoncteur, est fixé à un bloc métallique annulaire 25 pouvant glisser librement autour du tube 6. Des contacts électriques glissants 26 permettent un contact électrique entre le tube 6 et la pièce 25.The other secondary contact, the farthest from the blowing nozzle when the circuit breaker is in the open position, is a tube 24, terminated by a wearing part 24A. This tube, coaxial with the tube 23, and of diameter smaller than the latter in order to be able to engage therein in the engaged position of the circuit breaker, is fixed to an annular metal block 25 which can slide freely around the tube 6. Sliding electrical contacts 26 allow a electrical contact between the tube 6 and the part 25.

Un ressort 27 est disposé entre le bloc 25 et le piston fixe 14; il est comprimé lorsque le disjoncteur est en position enclenchée. La course du bloc 25 est limitée par une butée 28, faisnt partie intégrante d'un tube 29 en matériau isolant pouvant glisser le long du tube 6 et qui gaine ce dernier 6 sur une partie de sa longueur; le rôle du tube 29 sera expliqué plus loin.A spring 27 is disposed between the block 25 and the fixed piston 14; it is compressed when the circuit breaker is in the on position. The stroke of the block 25 is limited by a stop 28, forming an integral part of a tube 29 of insulating material which can slide along the tube 6 and which sheaths the latter 6 over part of its length; the role of the tube 29 will be explained later.

Le contact 24 est prolongé par un tube 24B en matériau isolant (par exemple polytétrafluoroéthylène) dont le rôle apparaîtra dans la suite.Contact 24 is extended by a tube 24B made of insulating material (for example polytetrafluoroethylene), the role of which will appear in the following.

L'ensemble constitué par le bloc 25, le contact 24, le tube 29 et les contacts 26 peut être qualifié de semi-mobile puisqu'il peut effectuer, par rapport à l'ensemble mobile, des déplacements d'amplitude limitée.The assembly constituted by the block 25, the contact 24, the tube 29 and the contacts 26 can be qualified as semi-mobile since it can carry out, relative to the mobile assembly, displacements of limited amplitude.

Un amortisseur 30, par exemple en matériau élastomère, permet d'amortir le mouvement de l'ensemble semi-mobile. On peut, en variante, utiliser un autre type d'amortisseur, par exemple un amortisseur pneumatique.A damper 30, for example made of elastomeric material, makes it possible to dampen the movement of the semi-mobile assembly. One can, as a variant, use another type of shock absorber, for example a pneumatic shock absorber.

Le fonctionnement du disjoncteur est décrit maintenant.The operation of the circuit breaker is now described.

Lorsque la ligne dans laquelle est inséré le disjoncteur fonctionne normalement, le disjoncteur est en position enclenchée (figure 1) et le courant nominal traverse les doigts 3, le tube 9A-9, les contacts 19 et le tube 15.When the line in which the circuit breaker is inserted operates normally, the circuit breaker is in the on position (Figure 1) and the rated current passes through the fingers 3, the tube 9A-9, the contacts 19 and the tube 15.

Pour effectuer l'ouverture du disjoncteur, par exemple sur défaut, la tringle de manoeuvre est déplacée, par le mécanisme de manoeuvre non représenté, vers la droite de la figure. Les contacts principaux 3 et 9A se séparent, et le courant, commuté sur les contacts d'arc, passe alors par le tube 5, le tube 6, les contacts 26, le bloc 24, le contact secondaire 23, la couronne 23B et le tube 15.To open the circuit breaker, for example on a fault, the operating rod is moved, by the operating mechanism not shown, to the right of the figure. The main contacts 3 and 9A separate, and the current, switched to the arcing contacts, then passes through the tube 5, the tube 6, the contacts 26, the block 24, the secondary contact 23, the crown 23B and the tube 15.

Lorsque les contacts d'arc se séparent un arc 50 jaillit entre les extrémités 5A et 6A. La pression dans le volume V1 augmente en raison d'une part de l'effet mécanique dû au déplacement relatif du piston 14 et du cylindre 9 et d'autre part en raison de l'élévation de la température du gaz échauffé par l'arc. Le clapet différentiel 17 ferme le volume V1 car la pression dans ce volume est supérieure à celle du volume V2. Le trajet du courant reste le même, à ceci près qu'il traverse l'arc 50.When the arcing contacts separate an arc 50 springs between the ends 5A and 6A. The pressure in the volume V1 increases due on the one hand to the mechanical effect due to the relative displacement of the piston 14 and to the cylinder 9 and on the other hand due to the rise in the temperature of the gas heated by the arc . The differential valve 17 closes the volume V1 because the pressure in this volume is greater than that of the volume V2. The current path remains the same, except that it crosses the arc 50.

Pendant cette phase, l'ensemble semi-mobile, poussé par la détente du ressort, se déplace avec l'ensemble mobile.During this phase, the semi-mobile assembly, pushed by the rebound of the spring, moves with the mobile assembly.

La course du tube 6 se poursuivant, il arrive que les contacts secondaires 23A et 24A se séparent; un arc 51 jaillit entre eux; son amorçage est facilité par la présence du tube 24B en PTFE grâce à la décomposition qui favorise l'ionisation du gaz. La pression dans le volume V2 augmente rapidement et apporte ainsi une contribution importante à l'énergie nécessaire à la manoeuvre d'ouverture du disjoncteur. Au cours de cette phase, le clapet 22 reste fermé ainsi que le clapet 17, puisque la surface du clapet 17 est bien supérieure à la somme des surfaces des orifices 16.The stroke of the tube 6 continuing, it happens that the secondary contacts 23A and 24A separate; an arc 51 spurts between them; its priming is facilitated by the presence of the PTFE 24B tube thanks to the decomposition which promotes the ionization of the gas. The pressure in the volume V2 increases rapidly and thus makes an important contribution to the energy necessary for the opening operation of the circuit breaker. During this phase, the valve 22 remains closed as well as the valve 17, since the surface of the valve 17 is much greater than the sum of the surfaces of the orifices 16.

Après une course de longueur limitée, le contact secondaire 24 s'immobilise, la butée 28 venant en contact avec le piston 14 par l'intermédiaire de l'amortisseur 30.After a stroke of limited length, the secondary contact 24 comes to a standstill, the stop 28 coming into contact with the piston 14 via the shock absorber 30.

Grâce à cette disposition, la longueur de l'arc secondaire est limitée, de sorte qu'on ne craint ni échauffement excessif du gaz du volume V2, ni détérioration des pièces délimitant ce volume, par vagabondage de l'arc secondaire.Thanks to this arrangement, the length of the secondary arc is limited, so that there is no fear of excessive heating of the gas of volume V2, or deterioration of the parts delimiting this volume, by vagrancy of the secondary arc.

Après l'arrêt du contact secondaire, l'équipage mobile poursuit sa course (figure 3).After the secondary contact has stopped, the moving part continues its course (Figure 3).

Au premier passage par zéro du courant, l'arc 50 est éteint par le soufflage énergique provenant du volume V1 à travers la buse de soufflage 10.At the first zero crossing of the current, the arc 50 is extinguished by the vigorous blowing coming from the volume V1 through the blowing nozzle 10.

On pourra dimensionner les divers éléments du disjoncteur pour que les arcs principal 50 et secondaire 51 apparaîssent à peu près en même temps.The various elements of the circuit breaker can be dimensioned so that the main 50 and secondary 51 arcs appear at about the same time.

Le disjoncteur est de construction compacte et sa maintenance est aisée. Il trouve des applications dans les réseaux à moyenne et haute tension.The circuit breaker is of compact construction and its maintenance is easy. It finds applications in medium and high voltage networks.

Claims (4)

1/ Disjoncteur à haute et moyenne tension à isolement par gaz diélectrique à auto-soufflage d'arc comprenant, à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe isolante étanche:
- un ensemble fixe comprenant notamment un contact principal fixe et un contact d'arc fixe,
- un ensemble mobile entraîné par une tringle de manoeuvre et comportant notamment un contact principal mobile et un contact d'arc mobile,
- un premier volume de soufflage prolongé par une buse de soufflage,
- un piston de soufflage,
- un premier et un second contacts secondaires disposés dans un second volume et destinés à générer un arc secondaire,
caractérisé en ce que le premier contact secondaire (23, 23A) est fixe par rapport à l'ensemble fixe, le second contact secondaire (24, 24A) étant semi-mobile par rapport à l'ensemble mobile, possédant une source d'énergie propre (27) pour son déplacement lors d'une manoeuvre de déclenchement du disjoncteur et étant muni d'un moyen (28) pour lui conférer une course inférieure à celle de l'ensemble mobile.1 / High and medium voltage circuit breaker with arc self-blowing dielectric gas insulation comprising, inside a sealed insulating envelope:
a fixed assembly comprising in particular a fixed main contact and a fixed arcing contact,
a movable assembly driven by an operating rod and comprising in particular a movable main contact and a movable arcing contact,
- a first blowing volume extended by a blowing nozzle,
- a blowing piston,
- first and second secondary contacts arranged in a second volume and intended to generate a secondary arc,
characterized in that the first secondary contact (23, 23A) is fixed relative to the fixed assembly, the second secondary contact (24, 24A) being semi-mobile relative to the mobile assembly, having an energy source clean (27) for its movement during a tripping operation of the circuit breaker and being provided with means (28) to give it a stroke less than that of the mobile assembly. 2/ Disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit second contact secondaire (24, 24A) est celui qui, lorsque le disjoncteur est en position ouverte, est le plus éloigné de la buse de soufflage (10).2 / A circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said second secondary contact (24, 24A) is the one which, when the circuit breaker is in the open position, is the farthest from the blowing nozzle (10). 3/ Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite source d'énergie est un ressort (27) mis en compression lors d'une manoeuvre d'enclenchement du disjoncteur.3 / Circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said energy source is a spring (27) put in compression during an operation of engagement of the circuit breaker. 4/ Disjoncteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen pour limiter la course du second contact secondaire est une butée (28) venant en contact avec le piston fixe (14).4 / Circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the means for limiting the stroke of the second secondary contact is a stop (28) coming into contact with the fixed piston (14).
EP90112672A 1989-07-04 1990-07-03 High or middle tension circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0406794B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8908975A FR2649531B1 (en) 1989-07-04 1989-07-04 HIGH OR MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR8908975 1989-07-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0406794A1 true EP0406794A1 (en) 1991-01-09
EP0406794B1 EP0406794B1 (en) 1995-06-28

Family

ID=9383452

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90112672A Expired - Lifetime EP0406794B1 (en) 1989-07-04 1990-07-03 High or middle tension circuit breaker

Country Status (11)

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US (1) US4996399A (en)
EP (1) EP0406794B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2577116B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1018404B (en)
AT (1) ATE124568T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9003160A (en)
CA (1) CA2020281C (en)
DE (1) DE69020441T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0406794T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2074103T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2649531B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2661550B1 (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-06-12 Alsthom Gec HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH SERIES ARC.
FR2720188B1 (en) * 1994-05-19 1996-06-14 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Reduced auto-compression circuit breaker.
FR2725844B1 (en) * 1994-10-12 1996-12-13 Schneider Electric Sa HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS WITH GAS INSULATION EQUIPPED WITH AN ARC SHORT CIRCUIT DEVICE
DK0802962T3 (en) * 1994-12-08 2002-06-17 Exxonmobil Chem Patents Inc Use of a biodegradable branched synthetic ester base material in a two-stroke engine oil to reduce smoke production in air-cooled two-stroke engines
FI111711B (en) * 1997-04-11 2003-09-15 Fortum Oil & Gas Oy Especially polyol and complex esters for use with fluorinated coolants
FR2783088B1 (en) * 1998-09-09 2000-10-13 Alstom Technology SWITCH WITH A LONG-TERM INSERTION RESISTOR INSERTION SYSTEM
FR2783348B1 (en) * 1998-09-15 2000-10-13 Alstom Technology METHOD OF DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN AN INTERNAL ARC AND A CUT-OUT ARC IN A MEDIUM OR HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2666118A (en) * 1950-06-29 1954-01-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
DE2403300A1 (en) * 1974-01-24 1975-07-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Cct. breaker with sulphur hexafluoride quenching - has commutator in arc burner space for arc current shifting
FR2575595A1 (en) * 1985-01-02 1986-07-04 Alsthom Atlantique Compressed gas high-voltage circuit breaker
FR2610763A1 (en) * 1987-02-09 1988-08-12 Alsthom Circuit breaker with low actuating energy
EP0302390A1 (en) * 1987-08-03 1989-02-08 Gec Alsthom Sa High or medium voltage gas blast circuit breaker with opening energy taken from the arc energy

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2528100B2 (en) * 1986-07-08 1996-08-28 株式会社日立製作所 Patch type gas circuit breaker

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2666118A (en) * 1950-06-29 1954-01-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
DE2403300A1 (en) * 1974-01-24 1975-07-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Cct. breaker with sulphur hexafluoride quenching - has commutator in arc burner space for arc current shifting
FR2575595A1 (en) * 1985-01-02 1986-07-04 Alsthom Atlantique Compressed gas high-voltage circuit breaker
FR2610763A1 (en) * 1987-02-09 1988-08-12 Alsthom Circuit breaker with low actuating energy
EP0302390A1 (en) * 1987-08-03 1989-02-08 Gec Alsthom Sa High or medium voltage gas blast circuit breaker with opening energy taken from the arc energy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9003160A (en) 1991-08-27
JP2577116B2 (en) 1997-01-29
CA2020281C (en) 1994-02-01
JPH0343924A (en) 1991-02-25
DE69020441T2 (en) 1995-11-16
ES2074103T3 (en) 1995-09-01
US4996399A (en) 1991-02-26
FR2649531A1 (en) 1991-01-11
EP0406794B1 (en) 1995-06-28
ATE124568T1 (en) 1995-07-15
CN1048628A (en) 1991-01-16
CA2020281A1 (en) 1991-01-05
DK0406794T3 (en) 1995-10-02
FR2649531B1 (en) 1995-11-10
DE69020441D1 (en) 1995-08-03
CN1018404B (en) 1992-09-23

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