EP0523236A1 - Device for removing paraffin and other deposits from the internal surface of pipes - Google Patents

Abstract

The device contains cleaning heads (4, 5) which are arranged on a shaft (1) with the possibility of free rotation. The heads (4, 5) rotate in opposite directions when the device is retracted and extended on a tension member (10) in an upcurrent. The cutting elements - blades (6) - which have an involute profile and lie on spirals directed in opposite directions, cut off the deposits. During lowering, cutting collars (14) of the blades (6), which are attached in the bottom part of the bottom head (5), perform "rough" cutting, the blades (6) of the two heads (4, 5) comminute the cut-off pieces and chips, while the cutting collars (13) in the top part of the top head (4) perform a "finishing operation" on the inner surface of the rising pipes. Mathematical relationships are cited which identify the ratio of the parameters of the components of the device: the height of the heads (4, 5) and the setting angle of the blades (6), the lengths of the shaft (1) and the stabiliser (8), their masses, the step width of the blades (6) and of the diameter of the heads (4, 5). <IMAGE>

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to petroleum production facilities and, more particularly, relates to facilities for cleaning the interior of the pipe from paraffin and other deposits in wells.

State of the art

The operation of oil wells is made difficult by the intensive deposition of paraffin and other solid substances on the inner wall of risers, which considerably complicates and often completely excludes the flow of oil through them.

Various constructions of devices are used to clean the inside of the pipe.

A device is known for cleaning the inside of the pipe from petroleum manifolds of paraffin in a hermetically sealed system of oil and gas collection, which has arranged on the body of an upper and a lower cleaning head, cutting elements or knives, which are carried out on the outer side surface of the cleaning heads , and contains an assembly located in the upper part of the body for connection to a traction element (SU, A, 153890). The presence of a valve group, the shut-off element of which is connected to the traction element, and a sealing sleeve, which is arranged on the body, complicate these in the known device and reduce their operational reliability. The device can stick to the sections with an uneven intensity of the paraffin deposit and can be jammed on deformed pipe sections. The device is not intended for the removal of solid deposits.

A device for removing paraffin from the inner tube wall is known, which has a body in the form of a shaft, an upper and a lower cleaning head, which are arranged on the shaft with the possibility of rotation in the opposite sense in a liquid flow, cutting elements, which oppositely directed spirals are carried out on the outer surface of the cleaning heads, a main stabilizer lying on the shaft between the upper and lower cleaning heads and contains an assembly for connection to a traction element (SU, A, 1594265).

The known device has the disadvantage that the forces of the liquid flow are not sufficient to overcome the resistance which the cutting elements (pins) interacting with the tube wall provide. As a result, the cleaning heads do not rotate, which reduces the effectiveness and quality of cleaning the inner surface of the pipes.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention has for its object to perform a device for cleaning the interior of the paraffin and other deposits in such a way that the effectiveness and quality of cleaning in the presence of the gas factor by the choice of optimal structural geometric parameters of the components of the device while simultaneously Simplification of construction can be increased.

wobei

H

die Höhe des Reinigungskopfes,

D

der Durchmesser des Reinigunskopfes,

α

der Neigungswinkel des Schneidelements (der Spirale) zur Längsachse des Reinigungskopfes (Anstellwinkel des Messers)

sind, sowie dadurch, dass das Verhältnis der Wellenlänge N zur Länge L des zusätzlichen Führungsstabilisators, das Verhältnis ihrer Massen Pn/Pl und das Verhältnis der Schrittweite T der Messer mit einem Evolventenprofil zur Kreislänge πD des Reinigungskopfes durch die Beziehung beschrieben sind:

$\text{N/L = Pn/Pl = T/πD = 1/6,}$

wobei

N

die Wellenlänge

L

die Länge des zusätzlichen Führungsstabilisators,

Pn

die Wellenmasse,

Pl

die Masse des zusätzlichen Führungsstabilisators,

T

die Schrittweite der Messer mit einem Evolventenprofil,

π

const = 3,14,

D

der Durchmesser des Reinigungskopfes

sind.The object is achieved in that the device for cleaning the inside of the paraffin and other deposits, which have a body in the form of a shaft, an upper and a lower cleaning head, which on the shaft with the possibility of rotation in the opposite sense in a liquid flow are arranged, cutting elements which are designed on oppositely directed spirals on the outer surface of the cleaning heads, contain a main stabilizer lying on the shaft between the upper and lower cleaning heads and an assembly for connection to a traction element, with a sinking unit or locking device, which is fastened in the lower part of the shaft, and is provided with an additional guide stabilizer fastened in the upper part of the shaft, the assembly for connection to a tension member being located in the upper part of the additional guide stabilizer, the cutting elements in the form of knives with an involute profile are formed, the upper and lower cleaning heads are supported on the shaft on bearings and form a section, the upper part of the upper cleaning head and the lower part of the lower cleaning head having knives with an involute profile cutting collars and the height of each cleaning head being given by the relationship :

$\text{H = D / 2tgα}$

in which

H

the height of the cleaning head,

D

the diameter of the cleaning head,

α

the angle of inclination of the cutting element (the spiral) to the longitudinal axis of the cleaning head (angle of attack of the knife)

and in that the ratio of the wavelength N to the length L of the additional guide stabilizer, the ratio of their masses Pn / Pl and the ratio of the step size T of the knives with an involute profile to the circular length πD of the cleaning head are described by the relationship:

$\text{N / L = Pn / Pl = T / πD = 1/6,}$

in which

N

the wavelength

L

the length of the additional guide stabilizer,

Pn

the wave mass,

Pl

the mass of the additional guide stabilizer,

T

the step size of the knives with an involute profile,

π

const = 3.14,

D

the diameter of the cleaning head

are.

This also helps to achieve the object that the upper and lower cleaning heads are mounted on the shaft on slide bearings which are designed in the form of bushings with ring sets in the lower part for the purpose of interaction with assigned ring grooves which are carried out in the lower part of the cleaning heads, wherein the bushing of the upper cleaning head on the upper part of the main guide stabilizer and the bushing of the lower cleaning head are arranged on the upper part of the sinking unit or the arrester, and that bearing roller bearings are arranged between the upper parts of the bushings and the lower parts of the additional guide stabilizer or the main guide stabilizer , as well as that the main guide stabilizer and the additional guide stabilizer as well as the sinking unit or the arrester have the maximum cross-sectional dimension below the maximum dimension of the cleaning heads, and also that the sinking unit or the fixed one iler is fixed in the lower part of the shaft by a fixed connection, which is possible with the possibility of assembly and disassembly, and in a multi-part version of the device, the total number of cleaning heads is even and the number of main guide stabilizers exceeds by one.

• Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch die Konstruktion der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung zur Reinigung den Rohrinneren von Paraffin- und anderen Ablagerungen;
• Fig. 2 einen II-II-Schnitt nach Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 einen III-III-Schnitt nach Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 einen IV-IV-Schnitt nach Fig. 1;
• Fig. 5 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform einer festen Verbindung eines Abteufaggregats bzw. Feststellers mit einer Welle gemäss der Erfindung.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below using specific exemplary embodiments with reference to drawings. It shows:

• 1 shows a longitudinal section through the construction of the device according to the invention for cleaning the interior of the tube from paraffin and other deposits.
• FIG. 2 shows a II-II section according to FIG. 1;
• 3 shows a III-III section according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 shows an IV-IV section according to FIG. 1;
• Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through an embodiment of a fixed connection of a sinking unit or lock with a shaft according to the invention.

Best embodiment of the invention

The device according to the invention for cleaning the interior of the pipe from paraffin and other deposits contains a body which, in the form of a shaft 1 with a sump unit or fixed divider 2 fastened in its lower part, has flats 3 for a key and on the shaft 1 by means of a fixed one Connection is arranged, is executed.

wobei

H

die Höhe des Reinigungskopfes,

D

der Durchmesser des Reinigungskopfes,

α

der Neigungswinkel des Schneidelements (der Spiralwindungen) zur Längsachse des Reinigungskopfes (Anstellwinkel des Messers) sind.

The firm connection of the sinking unit or the locking device 2 with the shaft 1 prevents its possible spontaneous detachment, but allows it to be dismantled if necessary. On the shaft 1, an upper and a lower cleaning head 4 and 5 are rotatably arranged. On the outer surfaces of the cleaning heads 4, 5, cutting elements 6 are attached on oppositely directed spirals. Between the upper 4 and the lower cleaning head 5, which form a working section, there is a main stabilizer 7 on the shaft 1. In a multi-part design of the device, the total number of cleaning heads 4.5 is even and exceeds the number of main stabilizers 7 by one. An additional guide stabilizer 8 is fastened in the upper part of the shaft 1. In the upper part of the additional guide stabilizer 8 there is an assembly 9 for connection to a tension member 10 (for example a wire connected to a winch). The cutting elements 6 are designed in the form of knives 11, 12 with an involute profile. in the The upper part of the upper cleaning head 4 and in the lower part of the lower cleaning head 5 have the knives 11, 12 with an involute profile cutting collars 13, 14. The height of each cleaning head 4.5 is determined by the relationship:

$\text{H = D / 2tgα,}$

in which

H

the height of the cleaning head,

D

the diameter of the cleaning head,

α

are the angle of inclination of the cutting element (of the spiral turns) to the longitudinal axis of the cleaning head (angle of attack of the knife).

wobei

N

die Wellenlänge,

L

die Länge des zusätzlichen Führungsstabilisators,

Pn

die Wellenmasse,

Pl

die Masse des zusätzlichen Führungsstabilisators,

T

die Schrittweite der Messer mit einem Evolventenprofil,

π

const = 3,14,

D

der Durchmesser des Reinigungskopfes

sind.The upper and lower cleaning heads 4 and 5 are mounted on the shaft 1 on slide bearings which are designed in the form of bushes 15, 16 with ring shoulders 17, 18 in the lower part for the purpose of interaction with associated ring grooves 19, 20 which are in the lower part of the cleaning heads 4, 5 are executed. The bush 15 of the upper cleaning head 4 is arranged on the upper part of the main stabilizer 7. Accordingly, the socket 16 of the lower cleaning head 5 is attached to the upper part of the sinking unit or the arrester 2. Support roller bearings 21 are installed between the upper parts of the bushes 15, 16 and the lower parts of the additional guide stabilizer 8 or the main guide stabilizer 7. The shaft 1, the additional guide stabilizer 8 and the cleaning heads 4, 5 are designed such that the ratio of the length N of the shaft 1 to the length L of the additional guide stabilizer 8, the ratio of their masses Pn / Pl and the ratio of the step size T of the knives 11, 12 with an involute profile to the length πD of the circle of the cleaning head 4, 5 are described by the relationship:

$\text{N / L = Pn / Pl = T / πD = 1/6,}$

in which

N

the wavelength,

L

the length of the additional guide stabilizer,

Pn

the wave mass,

Pl

the mass of the additional guide stabilizer,

T

the step size of the knives with an involute profile,

π

const = 3.14,

D

the diameter of the cleaning head

are.

The main guide stabilizer 7 and the additional guide stabilizer 8 and the sinking unit or the arrester 2 have the maximum dimension in cross section below the maximum dimension of the cleaning heads 4, 5.

The fixed connection of the sinking unit or the arrester 2 on the shaft 1 can be established, for example, by means of a thread 22 and held in place by a pin 23.

The bushings 15, 16 can be made from bearing material, for example from fluoroplastic.

wobei

N

die dem Abstand zwischen den Schneidbünden der Reinigungsköpfe entsprechende Wellenlänge,

H

die Höhe des Reinigungskopfes,

M

die Höhe des Hauptstabilisators

sind.The distance between the cutting collars 13, 14 of the cleaning heads 4, 5 basically corresponds to the length N of the shaft 1 and is:

$\text{N = 2H + M,}$

in which

N

the wavelength corresponding to the distance between the cutting edges of the cleaning heads,

H

the height of the cleaning head,

M

the height of the main stabilizer

are.

The mathematical relationships between the parameters of the components of the device according to the invention are determined experimentally and confirmed by the practice of operating the given device in oil fields.

The work of the device for cleaning the inside of the pipe from paraffin and other deposits is considered using the example of its one-piece design.

The setup works as follows.

With the buffer slide closed, the device is placed in a lubricator (not shown), which is then hermetically sealed. The buffer slide is opened and the device is placed on the pulling member in a tubing string (not shown) until it comes into contact with the liquid which flows in under pressure from the bottom of the borehole. Because the cutting elements - knives 6 - lie on the cleaning heads 4, 5 on oppositely directed spirals, the cleaning heads 4, 5 rotate in the opposite direction in the liquid flow. The cutting collars 14 of the lower cleaning head 5 cut the deposits "roughly" away from the wall of the riser pipes, the knives 6 of the lower 5 and the upper cleaning heads 4 shred the cut pieces (chips) of the deposits, while the cutting collars 13 of the upper cleaning head 4 Carry out a "finishing" of the interior in a riser pipe. The liquid flow conveys the destroyed material from the deposits to the wellhead. The paraffin (asphalt resin components) no longer tends to settle on the polished inner surface of the risers.

The device is lowered to a certain depth. Then it is lifted up by the traction element 10. In this case, the "rough" cut of the deposits takes place through the cutting collars 13 of the upper cleaning head 4. The rest is done as described above.

Industrial applicability

The construction of the device according to the invention allows it to be operated safely in the presence of the gas factor in the liquid to be conveyed, ensures an excellent and effective cleaning of the interiors in automatic operation; Moving down and up and down again, etc., without being carried out for a long period of time. For example, the period between repairs at 28% asphalt resin paraffin components is 150 to 180 days earlier 18 to 25 days, which is particularly important in low temperature conditions. The use of the device does not interrupt the operation of the well, which makes it possible to increase the oil production by 2 to 4 tons per day, to abandon the use of electrochemical cleaning methods, with pump and heating units for a flushing medium. The facility is characterized by simple construction, low manufacturing costs, convenience and simplicity in operation and maintenance. A real profit of approximately 1.7 million rubles can be obtained by using the present facility with only 122 holes in an oil field.

Claims (6)

Device for cleaning the interior of the tube from paraffin and other deposits, which have a body in the form of a shaft (1), an upper and a lower cleaning head (4 and 5), which on the shaft (1) with the possibility of rotation in the are arranged in opposite directions in a liquid atom, cutting elements (6) which are designed on oppositely directed spirals on the outer surfaces of the cleaning heads (4, 5), one on the shaft (1) between the upper (4) and the lower cleaning head (5 ) lying main stabilizer (7) and an assembly (9) for connection to a tension member (10), characterized in that it with a sinking unit or fixed divider (2), which is fixed in the lower part of the shaft (1), and with an additional guide stabilizer (8) fastened in the upper part of the shaft (1), the assembly (9) for connection to a tension member (10) being located in the upper part of the additional guide stabilizer (8), ie e Cutting elements (6) in the form of knives (11, 12) are designed with an involute profile, the upper (4) and the lower cleaning head (5) are mounted on bearings on the shaft (1) and form a section, the upper part of the upper cleaning head (4) have the knives (11, 12) with an involute profile cutting collars (13, 14) and the height of each cleaning head (4, 5) is given by the relationship:

$\text{H = D / 2tgα,}$

in which H the height of the cleaning head, D the diameter of the cleaning head, α the angle of inclination of the cutting element (of the spiral turns) to the longitudinal axis of the cleaning head (angle of attack of the knife) are. Device for cleaning the inside of the tube from paraffin and other deposits according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the length N of the shaft (1) of the additional guide stabilizer (8), the ratio of their masses Pn / Pl and the ratio of the step size T of Knives (11, 12) with an involute profile to the circular length πD of the cleaning head (4, 5) are described by the relationship:

$\text{N / L = Pn / Pl = T / πD = 1/6,}$

in which N the length of the shaft (1), L the length of the additional guide stabilizer (8), Pn the mass of the shaft (1), Pl the mass of the additional guide stabilizer (8), T the increment of the knives (11), 12) with an involute profile, π const = 3.14, D the diameter of the cleaning head (4, 5) are. Device for cleaning the interior of the tube from paraffin and other deposits according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper and lower cleaning heads (4 and 5) are mounted on the shaft (1) on slide bearings which are in the form of bushings ( 15, 16) with ring projections (17, 18) in the lower part for the purpose of interaction with assigned ring grooves (19, 20) which are designed on the lower part of the cleaning heads (4, 5), the bushing (15) of the upper cleaning head (4 ) are arranged on the upper part of the main stabilizer (7) or the bushing (16) of the lower cleaning head (5) on the upper part of the sinking unit or locking device (2), and between the upper parts of the bushings (15, 16) and the lower parts of the additional one Guide stabilizer (8) or the main stabilizer (7) support roller bearings (21) are arranged. Device for cleaning the interior of the pipe from paraffin and other deposits according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main and additional guide stabilizer (7 or 8) and the sinking unit or the arrester (2) the maximum dimension in Have a cross-section below the maximum dimension of the cleaning heads (4, 5). Device for cleaning the interior of the pipe from paraffin and other deposits according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sinking unit or the arrester (2) is fastened in the lower part of the shaft (1) by a fixed connection, which with the possibility assembly and disassembly. Device for cleaning the interior of the tube from paraffin and other deposits according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in the case of their multi-part design, the total number of cleaning heads (4, 5) is even and the number of main stabilizers (7) exceeds by one.

Images