EP0521436B1 - Projectile provided with a plurality of explosive charges - Google Patents

Projectile provided with a plurality of explosive charges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0521436B1
EP0521436B1 EP19920110995 EP92110995A EP0521436B1 EP 0521436 B1 EP0521436 B1 EP 0521436B1 EP 19920110995 EP19920110995 EP 19920110995 EP 92110995 A EP92110995 A EP 92110995A EP 0521436 B1 EP0521436 B1 EP 0521436B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support base
explosive charges
projectile according
ties
projectile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920110995
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0521436A1 (en
Inventor
Ferdinando Topa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VALSELLA MECCANOTECNICA SpA
Original Assignee
VALSELLA MECCANOTECNICA SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by VALSELLA MECCANOTECNICA SpA filed Critical VALSELLA MECCANOTECNICA SpA
Publication of EP0521436A1 publication Critical patent/EP0521436A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0521436B1 publication Critical patent/EP0521436B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile having a plurality of explosive charges.
  • the distribution or dispersion of explosive charges, for example mines, over the ground is achieved mainly by launching the explosive charges themselves by means of a mortar launch system having one or more launch apertures and utilising pressurised gas produced by the combustion of a propellant.
  • a casing which is shaped in the same way as an ordinary projectile and closed at its rear end by a base which is releasably coupled to the casing.
  • the space within the casing is divided by a plate into two chambers of which a rear one houses the explosive charges and the front one, formed in the tip of the casing, houses a pyric charge.
  • the launch is achieved by introducing the casing into a launch tube of the launching system and expelling it forcedly therefrom.
  • the pyric charge is triggered and generates a thrust on the plate and, through the mines, on the base which becomes detached from the casing and enables the mines themselves to leave the casing.
  • the launch configuration previously described has two disadvantages.
  • the presence of the casing although on the one hand providing a better air penetration factor than that of charges which are simply stacked on one another, without outer protection, on the other hand has a weight which cannot be neglected compared with the weight of the charges themselves and hence, obviously, reduces the range for a given initial thrust.
  • the range may be increased solely by increasing the initial velocity which is limited on the one hand by a limiting velocity beyond which an increase in the range cannot be obtained due to the aerodynamic characteristics of the mine and, on the other hand, by the fact that the launch force cannot exceed a respective limiting threshold which is in fact dependent on the maximum value of the reactive force which can be withstood by the launch system.
  • the embodiment described has a practical disadvantage which further reduces the range of each individual explosive charge.
  • the explosive charges are expelled from the casing itself in the opposite direction from the direction of advance of the casing and hence, at the outlet from the casing, the advance velocity of each individual mine is reduced by the component of relative velocity of the mine with respect to the casing.
  • FR-A-2 144 917 a multiple charge projectile formed of a mother head carrying three floors of daughter heads.
  • the mother head includes an external wall and four centres for assembling the daughter heads of the various floors.
  • Each daughter head includes a plurality of superimposed cylindrical explosive charges housed in a cylindrical wall. In the middle portion of the wall there is propeller, which is ignited to eject the charges seriatim from the two ends of the wall.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a projectile having a plurality of explosive charges, which enables the disadvantages described above to be resolved, and in particular enables the range of the individual mines to be increased, other things being equal, while at the same time being simple and cheap to put into practice.
  • a projectile of the type having a plurality of explosive charges stacked together to define a substantially cylindrical body which rests on a support base, including an anchoring device for anchoring the so stacked explosive charges to the support base, and an actuator device operable for deactivating the anchoring device; characterised in that the actuator device is housed at least partially within the support base and includes a movable element, the anchoring device including at least one pair of interconnected ties, the explosive charges being surrounded solely by said ties, one of said ties being connected to said support base, another one of said ties being attached to said element, the actuator device being operated to move said element from a retracted position to an extended position to slacken said other tie, thus causing immediate separation of the explosive charges from each other and from the support base.
  • a projectile indicated 1 includes a plurality of separable explosive charges 2, in this particular case mines, stacked on each other along an axis 3 of symmetry of the projectile 1 itself with the interposition of a plurality of spacers 4 which together with the explosive charges 2, form a cylindrical body 5.
  • This cylindrical body 5 is supported by a support base 6 which constitutes part of the projectile 1 and to which the explosive charges 2 are anchored by an anchoring device 8.
  • An actuator device 9 (figure 3) is interposed between the latter and the support base 6 and is arranged to act under the control of a control system 10 ( Figure 3) to enable the explosive charges 2 to separate.
  • the support base 6 is provided with a circumferential seat 45 in its face opposite the cylindrical body 5, engaged by a sealing washer 46 for the launch gas.
  • the sealing washer 46 surrounds the support base 6 and has a lip 46' for interacting with an inner face (not illustrated) of a launch aperture (not illustrated) during the launch phase in order to confine the launch gases and allow the support base 6 to behave in the manner of an ordinary piston.
  • the anchoring device 8 includes three ties 12, preferably steel strands, equiangularly spaced from each other ( Figure 2) and extending outside the explosive charges 2 and their spacers 4. More particularly, the ties 12 engage respective axially aligned grooves 13 and 14 formed in the outer peripheries of the explosive charges 2 and the spacers 4 respectively in order to bind the charges 2 and the spacers 4 together against relative rotation. These latter also have centring projections 15 ( Figure 3) engaged in respective axial seats 15' formed both in the explosive charges 2 and in the support base 6, and an elastic element 16 ( Figure 3) compressed elastically between the respective spacer 4 and the adjacent explosive charge 2 and arranged to facilitate the separation of the explosive charges 2 from each other.
  • two of the three ties 12 are constituted by a single cable 17 whose ends are fixed to the support base 6, while the other tie 12 is formed by a cable 17′ having one end firmly connected to an intermediate point on the cable 17 on the opposite side of the explosive charges 2 from the support base 6 and its opposite end connected to the actuator device 9.
  • an ogival-shaped aerodynamic deflector element 18 is disposed at the opposite end of the projectile 1 from the support base support 6 with respect to the explosive charges 2 and between the last of the explosive charges 2 and the ties 12.
  • a device 19 for regulating the tension in ⁇ the ties 12, and consequently the force with which the explosive charges 2 are packed together, is located between the last of the explosive charges and the ties 12.
  • the device 19 comprises a threaded screw 20 having an end portion engaged in an axial hole 21 ( Figure 3) formed in the aerodynamic deflector element 18 and a head 22 outside the aerodynamic deflector element 18 provided with a seat 23 ( Figure 3) for housing a portion of the ties 12.
  • a nut 25 is screwed onto a threaded portion 24 of the screw 20 and acts against an axial outer surface of the deflector element 18.
  • the support base 6 has a substantially cylindrical shape with a cylindrical cavity 27 extending radially, substantially orthogonally of the axis 3 and defining an outer seat 28 and an inner chamber 29 with a smaller diameter than that of the seat 28.
  • the latter houses the actuator device 9 constituted by a piston 30 which is arranged to move between a withdrawn position in which it engages the seat 28 in a fluid tight manner and is fixed against an inner shoulder 31 of the seat 28 itself by a pin 32 coupled to the support base 6, and an extended position in which it projects from the support base 6.
  • This piston 30 is firmly connected to a free end of the cable 17′ whose opposite end is connected to the cable 17.
  • the chamber 29, as well as communicating with the seat 28, also communicates with an axial chamber 33 traversed by a duct 34 and housing a pyric charge (not illustrated).
  • the axial chamber 33 houses the control system 10 which, in addition to the pyric charge (not illustrated), includes a pyric time delay 35 arranged to be triggered by the launch gases generated during the launch of the projectile 1 and in turn arranged to trigger the pyric charge (not illustrated) housed in the chamber 29 after a predetermined delay.
  • the projectile 1 includes a stabiliser device 37 carried by the support base 6 and including three fins 38.
  • Each of the fins 38 is pivotally connected to the support base 6 by means of a respective pin 40 extending parallel to the axis 3 and is arranged to be moved between a first operative, closed position, in which it contacts the support base 6 ( Figure 4) and a second operative, open position illustrated in Figure 5 in which it contacts a respective angular abutment 41 ( Figure 1) fixed to the support base 6 and has a radial projection 42 ( Figures 4 and 5) which, as a result of an axial movement of the fin 38 itself, engages a respective retaining seat 43 ( Figure 4). More particularly, the movement of each fin 38 from the first to the second operative position is facilitated by a torsional flexure spring 44 ( Figures 1 and 3) interposed under torsion between the support base 6 and the respective fin 38.
  • the projectile 1 In use, the projectile 1 is introduced into a launch aperture (not illustrated) with its fins 38 in their first operative positions, and forcedly expelled therefrom. At the outlet of the launch aperture (not illustrated) the fins 38, as a result of the torsional flexure of the spring 44, move to their second operative positions and act in their proper capacity as guides for the projectile 1.
  • the launch gas generated in the launch aperture activates the pyric delay 35 which, after a predetermined period of time, in particular the period of time necessary to enable the projectile 1 to reach a predetermined range and height, such as to allow the optimum distribution of the explosive charges 2 over the ground, triggers the pyric charge (not illustrated) housed in the inner chamber 29 by means of the duct 34.
  • the gas generated in the chamber 29 in turn exerts a thrust on the piston 30 such as to enable the pin 32 to be cut by the piston 30 itself and the latter to be expelled from its seat 28.
  • the expulsion of the piston 30 results in the slackening of the cable 17′ whose opposite end is connected to the cable 17, and hence deactivates the anchoring device 8 and causes the immediate the separation of the explosive charges 2 from each other and from the support base 6.
  • the projectile 1 has the following advantages.
  • the characteristics of the anchoring device 8 enable a projectile to be formed which, other characteristics being equal, and in particular for given aerodymanic characteristics, is extremely light and hence can be launched with a relatively low thrust, and hence which can thus easily be withstood by the launch unit (not illustrated) and with a launch velocity limited solely by the maximum range limit value.
  • the structural characteristics enable the explosive charges 2 not only to be released at a predetermined instant which can be varied according to the requirements for the dispersion of the charges 2 over the ground, but more particularly to be released in a manner such as not to cause variations, in the velocity of the charges 2 themselves, and particularly a reduction in their velocity, after the release phase.
  • the projectile 1 is very simple and practical in structure and relatively cheap to manufacture.
  • the projectile 1 described above may be modified and varied without thereby departing from the field of protection of the present invention.
  • the manner in which the explosive charges 2 are fixed together against relative rotation may be varied.
  • the explosive charges 2 and the spacers 4 need not be provided with lateral seats 13, 14 engaged by ties 12 and the angular fixing could be achieved by providing a pair or more of projections engaged in respective retaining seats instead of the single centring projection 15.
  • the projections would fulfil the double function of centring and angular fixing and hence the three ties 12 of stranded metal could be eliminated and a single pair of straps could be provided for the sole purpose of clamping the pack of explosive charges 2 and their spacers 4 together.
  • the spacers 4 need not constituted by bodies separate from the explosive charge 2 but could be formed integrally with their explosive charges 2.
  • the actuator device 9 need not be completely housed within the support base 6 but could extend partially outside the support base 6 itself.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Flexible Shafts (AREA)
EP19920110995 1991-06-28 1992-06-29 Projectile provided with a plurality of explosive charges Expired - Lifetime EP0521436B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000154 IT223260Z2 (it) 1991-06-28 1991-06-28 Proietto provvisto di una pluralita' di cariche esplosive
ITTO910154U 1991-06-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0521436A1 EP0521436A1 (en) 1993-01-07
EP0521436B1 true EP0521436B1 (en) 1996-05-08

Family

ID=11409022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920110995 Expired - Lifetime EP0521436B1 (en) 1991-06-28 1992-06-29 Projectile provided with a plurality of explosive charges

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0521436B1 (it)
DE (1) DE69210485T2 (it)
ES (1) ES2089298T3 (it)
IT (1) IT223260Z2 (it)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4429292C2 (de) * 1994-08-18 1998-04-09 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Drallstabilisiertes Trägergeschoß
CN110749251B (zh) * 2019-11-07 2020-09-04 北京理工大学 深空探测器用燃烧驱动型耐高温火工分离装置装药序列
CN114909959B (zh) * 2022-04-29 2024-01-16 西北工业大学 一种微小型子导弹多单元协同作战发射平台及方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2144917A5 (it) * 1971-07-02 1973-02-16 Serat
DE2558060C2 (de) * 1975-12-22 1986-01-23 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Trägergeschoß für ausstoßbare Körper
DE3542051A1 (de) * 1985-11-28 1987-06-04 Diehl Gmbh & Co Geschoss mit wirkkoerpern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT223260Z2 (it) 1995-06-21
ITTO910154V0 (it) 1991-06-28
DE69210485D1 (de) 1996-06-13
DE69210485T2 (de) 1997-01-23
ES2089298T3 (es) 1996-10-01
ITTO910154U1 (it) 1992-12-28
EP0521436A1 (en) 1993-01-07

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