EP0513414B1 - Nozzle device for controlling a gas stream - Google Patents

Nozzle device for controlling a gas stream Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0513414B1
EP0513414B1 EP19910107956 EP91107956A EP0513414B1 EP 0513414 B1 EP0513414 B1 EP 0513414B1 EP 19910107956 EP19910107956 EP 19910107956 EP 91107956 A EP91107956 A EP 91107956A EP 0513414 B1 EP0513414 B1 EP 0513414B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
gas
inner nozzle
flow
conical
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EP19910107956
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0513414A1 (en
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HOTWORK INTERNATIONAL SA
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HOTWORK INTERNATIONAL SA
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Priority to DE59108409T priority Critical patent/DE59108409D1/en
Priority to EP19910107956 priority patent/EP0513414B1/en
Priority to ES91107956T priority patent/ES2094769T3/en
Publication of EP0513414A1 publication Critical patent/EP0513414A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas nozzle according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a gas nozzle - but for use in an all gas burner - is known from DE-B-1 959 677. This known nozzle enables the all gas burner to be operated both with town gas and with natural gas or liquid gas.
  • a burner for a glass melting furnace with a control cone located in front of the mouth of the burner gas tube is known from DE 32 02 105 A1.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a gas nozzle for controlling a gas flow, which enables satisfactory control with relatively simple means, the total gas flow exiting should be variable in terms of throughput and flow rate.
  • nozzle tube 1 and 2 consists of a nozzle tube 1, to which on the one hand a laterally attached feed pipe 2 is connected for introducing a gas flow into the nozzle pipe 1 and on the other hand has a nozzle-like head part 3, at which the gas flow exits the burner.
  • the nozzle tube 1 is inserted into a cylindrical receptacle la, which can be screwed to a carrier (not shown) with a mounting flange 1b and has an end flange 1c at one end and a further mounting flange 1d at the other end, with which the nozzle tube 1 can also be connected to a carrier (not shown) Firing system can be used.
  • a gear block 4 with two adjusting wheels 5, 6 which can be operated manually independently of one another is attached to the nozzle tube 1 on the end face adjacent to the feed tube 2, the function of which is described in more detail below.
  • the setting wheels 5, 6 are only shown in FIG. 1, while they are removed from the gear block 4 in FIG. 2.
  • the nozzle tube 1 consists in its central section of two tube sections 7, 8 which are screwed together by means of a thread 8a.
  • the gas introduced into the nozzle pipe 1 via the feed pipe 2 flows from left to right in the illustration according to FIG. 2, which is illustrated by arrows.
  • the inside width of the pipe section 8 tapers in the direction of flow to form a conical inner surface 9 which merges with the head part 3, the inside width of which is smaller than the inside width of the pipe section 7.
  • the pipe section 8 thus forms an outer nozzle, which is also referred to below as the outer nozzle 8.
  • first inner nozzle 11 which is referred to below as the first inner nozzle.
  • This first inner nozzle is arranged coaxially to the nozzle tube 1 and placed on the end of a tubular push rod 12.
  • the push rod 12 also runs coaxially to the tube 1 and is axially adjustable in the gear block 4.
  • the push rod 12 can be adjusted axially by actuating the adjusting wheel 5 on the transmission block 4, whereby the first inner nozzle 11 is also axially adjusted relative to the outer nozzle 8.
  • the first inner nozzle 11 attached to the push rod 12 is divided on its outer surface into a conical retaining ring 13 with gas inlet openings 14, 15, a cylindrical surface section 16, a first conical surface section 17 with increasing diameter in the flow direction and a second conical surface section 18 with decreasing diameter in the flow direction, which is why the surface sections 17 and 18 together form a double cone.
  • the conical surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8 and the second conical surface section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 have approximately the same opening angle, so that their surface lines in the sectional planes receiving the central axis each run approximately parallel to one another.
  • the second conical section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 thus forms an annular gap 19 with the conical inner surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8.
  • the inner surface of the inner nozzle 11 is divided into a first conical section 20 with a decreasing diameter in the flow direction, a cylindrical section 21 and a second conical section 22 which widens in the flow direction and forms a gas outlet opening 23 at the end.
  • both the gas throughput, ie the flow quantities per unit of time, and the flow velocities at the end of the annular gap 19 or at the outlet opening 23 of the first inner nozzle 11 change in absolute amounts and in the ratio of external flow to internal flow in the two partial flows.
  • the width of the annular gap 19 changes when the inner nozzle 11 is axially adjusted, but it remains with each adjustment of the inner nozzle 11 relative to the outer nozzle 8 because of the equality of the opening angles of the conical surface section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 and the conical surface 9 of the Outer nozzle 8 constant over the axial length of the annular gap 19.
  • the conical surface of the second conical surface section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 and the conical surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8 can have different opening angles, so that the mutually assigned surface lines of these surfaces form an acute angle between them in the respective cutting planes.
  • the width of the annular gap 19 increases or decreases over its axial length, as a result of which the flow conditions in the partial flows flowing through and flowing around the inner nozzle 11 can also be influenced. Similar effects can be achieved if the surfaces 9 and / or 18 are only approximately conical or further deviate from the conical shape.
  • a second inner nozzle 24 is provided within the pipe section forming the outer nozzle 8 in the flow path behind the first inner nozzle 11. This is attached to an additional push rod 25, which in turn axially passes through the first inner nozzle 11 and its tubular push rod 12 and is also axially adjustable in the gear block 4.
  • the second push rod 25 and with it the second inner nozzle 24 attached thereto can be adjusted axially relative to the first push rod 12 and the first inner nozzle 11 attached thereto by means of the second adjusting wheel 6.
  • the arrangement is selected so that at least when the two inner nozzles 11, 24 are set at the shortest possible mutual distance, the second inner nozzle 24 partially projects into the space formed by the conical inner surface 22 of the first inner nozzle 11.
  • the second inner nozzle 24 also has a retaining ring 26 provided with gas inlet openings 27, 28 and then has a first conical section 28 with a diameter increasing in the flow direction and a second conical section 29 with a diameter decreasing in the flow direction on its outer surface.
  • the surface sections 28 and 29 of the second inner nozzle 24 thus also form a double cone.
  • the inner surface of the second inner nozzle 24 has a conical section 30 with a diameter that increases in the direction of flow.
  • the conical surface section 29 of the second inner nozzle 24 forms with the conical inner surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8 a second annular gap 31 for the aforementioned external flow of the total gas flow, while the outer conical surface section 35 of the second inner nozzle 24 forms an annular gap 32 for the internal flow of the total gas flow with the inner conical surface section 22 of the first inner nozzle.
  • the second inner nozzle 24 there is a fixed nozzle needle 33, which forms an annular gap 34 with the conical inner surface 30 of the second inner nozzle 24.
  • the nozzle needle 34 is designed as a double cone.
  • other geometric shapes can also be assigned to change the shape of the flame formed on the head part 3 of the burner.
  • the widths of the annular gaps 31, 32 and 34 change at the same time.
  • the axial setting of the first and second inner nozzles 11, 24 can be carried out and adapted to one another, that a high gas outlet velocity is achieved at the head part 3 of the burner with unchanged fuel throughput, as a result of which the mixing pulse between the fuel stream emerging from the burner and an air stream supplied outside the burner is improved with the aim of intensifying the combustion and heat transfer in one equipped with the burner according to the invention Furnace system.
  • the gas outlet pulse at the head part 3 of the burner can be kept at the same level by correspondingly changing the cross-sections formed in the annular gaps 9, 31, 32 and 34 by appropriate axial adjustment of the two inner nozzles 11, 24, whereby at Load changes a stable fuel-combustion air mixture formation is maintained.
  • This is a great advantage in terms of control technology in all areas of combustion technology.
  • electric motors can also be provided, for example housed in the gear block 4 or act on gears, which can be provided instead of the adjusting wheels 5, 6.
  • the electric motors can be controlled automatically via measuring elements in the burner or combustion chamber.
  • the adjustment mechanisms for the first and second inner nozzles 11, 24 also enable differential speeds of the gas flows in the individual annular gap cross sections. A clean flame burnout can be brought about, which leads to improved heat utilization and reduced NO x pollutant formation.
  • the burner described above is particularly suitable for use in glass melting furnaces and other types of industrial furnaces, in both subport and side port systems.
  • only one of these inner nozzles can be provided instead of two inner nozzles 11, 24, it also being possible to dispense with the nozzle needle 33. If only the inner nozzle 11 is provided, the nozzle needle 33 can also be inserted into the inner nozzle 11 with a corresponding adaptation of its shape.
  • an axial adjustability can also be provided instead of a fixed bearing. This is particularly advantageous if only one inner nozzle 11 or 24 is provided in connection with a nozzle needle 33 in the outer nozzle 8.
  • a change in the partial flow flowing through the inner nozzle 11 or 24 can also be effected instead of by axially adjusting the inner nozzle one or more valve flaps which are arranged to be adjustable in the flow path and which change the flow cross section are brought about.
  • the nozzle device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and their above-described modifications can be used advantageously not only in gas burners, but also in blowers and other devices in which the throughput and / or the exit speed of a uniform gas flow are to be controllable.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gasdüse nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a gas nozzle according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Eine derartige Gasdüse - allerdings zur Verwendung in einem Allgasbrenner - ist aus der DE-B-1 959 677 bekannt. Diese bekannte Düse ermöglicht einen Betrieb des Allgasbrenners sowohl mit Stadtgas wie auch mit Erdgas oder Flüssiggas.Such a gas nozzle - but for use in an all gas burner - is known from DE-B-1 959 677. This known nozzle enables the all gas burner to be operated both with town gas and with natural gas or liquid gas.

Ein Brenner für einen Glasschmelzofen mit einem vor der Mündung des Brennergasrohres liegenden Stellkegel ist aus der DE 32 02 105 A1 bekannt.A burner for a glass melting furnace with a control cone located in front of the mouth of the burner gas tube is known from DE 32 02 105 A1.

Schließlich ist in der US 2,785,926 eine Zerstäubervorrichtung beschrieben.Finally, an atomizing device is described in US 2,785,926.

Bisher wurde der Gasstrom mit einer Düse meist durch ein in der Düse vorgesehenes Ventil gesteuert, das im Strömungsweg des Gasstroms angeordnet wird. Diese Art der Steuerung ist jedoch häufig unzureichend oder kompliziert.So far, the gas flow with a nozzle has mostly been controlled by a valve provided in the nozzle, which is arranged in the flow path of the gas flow. However, this type of control is often inadequate or complicated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gasdüse zur Steuerung eines Gasstromes zu schaffen, die mit verhältnismäßig einfachen Mitteln eine zufriedenstellende Steuerung ermöglicht, wobei der austretende Gas- Gesamtstrom hinsichtlich Durchsatz und Strömungsgeschwindigkeit veränderbar sein soll.The invention has for its object to provide a gas nozzle for controlling a gas flow, which enables satisfactory control with relatively simple means, the total gas flow exiting should be variable in terms of throughput and flow rate.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind durch die Unteransprüche gekennzeichnet.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized by the subclaims.

Eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gasdüse wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen zusammen mit Abwandlungen hiervon näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the gas nozzle according to the invention is described below with reference to the drawings together with modifications thereof.

In den Zeichnungen zeigen

Fig. 1
einen Gasbrenner mit der erfindungsgemäßen Düsenvorrichtung im Längsschnitt,
Fig. 2
den Gasbrenner gemäß Fig. 1 mit Darstellung seiner Halterung im Schnitt und
Fig. 3
den Mehrfachdüsenkopf des Gegenstandes von Fig. 1 und 2 in vergrößerter Darstellung im Schnitt.
Show in the drawings
Fig. 1
a gas burner with the nozzle device according to the invention in longitudinal section,
Fig. 2
the gas burner of FIG. 1 showing its holder in section and
Fig. 3
the multiple nozzle head of the object of Fig. 1 and 2 in an enlarged view in section.

Der Brenner gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 besteht aus einem Düsenrohr 1, an das einerseits ein seitlich angesetztes Zuleitungsrohr 2 zum Einleiten eines Gasstromes in das Düsenrohr 1 angeschlossen ist und das andererseits ein düsenartiges Kopfteil 3 aufweist, an dem der Gasstrom aus dem Brenner austritt. Das Düsenrohr 1 ist in eine zylindrische Aufnahme la eingesetzt, die mit einem Montageflansch 1b an einen nicht dargestellten Träger anschraubbar ist und an einem Ende einen Abschlußflansch lc und am anderen Ende einen weiteren Montageflansch 1d aufweist, mit dem das Düsenrohr 1 an eine ebenfalls nicht dargestellte Feuerungsanlage ansetzbar ist. Ferner ist an das Düsenrohr 1 an der dem Zuleitungsrohr 2 benachbarten Stirnseite ein Getriebeblock 4 mit zwei unabhängig voneinander manuell betätigbaren Stellrädern 5, 6 angesetzt, deren Funktion weiter unten näher beschrieben wird. Die Stellräder 5, 6 sind nur in Fig. 1 gezeigt, während sie in Fig. 2 vom Getriebeblock 4 abgenommen sind.1 and 2 consists of a nozzle tube 1, to which on the one hand a laterally attached feed pipe 2 is connected for introducing a gas flow into the nozzle pipe 1 and on the other hand has a nozzle-like head part 3, at which the gas flow exits the burner. The nozzle tube 1 is inserted into a cylindrical receptacle la, which can be screwed to a carrier (not shown) with a mounting flange 1b and has an end flange 1c at one end and a further mounting flange 1d at the other end, with which the nozzle tube 1 can also be connected to a carrier (not shown) Firing system can be used. Furthermore, a gear block 4 with two adjusting wheels 5, 6 which can be operated manually independently of one another is attached to the nozzle tube 1 on the end face adjacent to the feed tube 2, the function of which is described in more detail below. The setting wheels 5, 6 are only shown in FIG. 1, while they are removed from the gear block 4 in FIG. 2.

Wie vor allem Fig. 3 zeigt, besteht das Düsenrohr 1 in seinem mittleren Abschnitt aus zwei Rohrabschnitten 7, 8, die mittels eines Gewindes 8a miteinander verschraubt sind. Das über das Zuleitungsrohr 2 in das Düsenrohr 1 eingeleitete Gas strömt in der Darstellung gemäß Fig. 2 von links nach rechts, was durch Pfeile verdeutlicht ist.3, the nozzle tube 1 consists in its central section of two tube sections 7, 8 which are screwed together by means of a thread 8a. The gas introduced into the nozzle pipe 1 via the feed pipe 2 flows from left to right in the illustration according to FIG. 2, which is illustrated by arrows.

Während der Rohrabschnitt 7 eine in Richtung des Gasstromes konstante lichte Weite aufweist, verjüngt sich die lichte Weite des Rohrabschnittes 8 in Strömungsrichtung unter Bildung einer konischen Innenfläche 9, die das Kopfteil 3 übergeht, dessen lichte Weite geringer ist als die lichte Weite des Rohrabschnittes 7. Der Rohrabschnitt 8 bildet somit eine äußere Düse, die nachfolgend auch als Außendüse 8 bezeichnet ist.While the pipe section 7 has a constant inside width in the direction of the gas flow, the inside width of the pipe section 8 tapers in the direction of flow to form a conical inner surface 9 which merges with the head part 3, the inside width of which is smaller than the inside width of the pipe section 7. The pipe section 8 thus forms an outer nozzle, which is also referred to below as the outer nozzle 8.

Innerhalb der Rohrabschnitte 7, 8 befindet sich eine erste innere Düse 11, die nachfolgend als erste Innendüse bezeichnet ist. Diese erste Innendüse ist koaxial zum Düsenrohr 1 angeordnet und auf das Ende einer rohrförmigen Schubstange 12 aufgesetzt. Die Schubstange 12 verläuft innerhalb des Rohres 1 ebenfalls koaxial zu diesem und ist im Getriebeblock 4 axial verstellbar gelagert. Die Schubstange 12 kann durch Betätigen des Stellrades 5 am Getriebeblock 4 axial verstellt werden, wodurch auch die erste Innendüse 11 relativ zur Außendüse 8 axial verstellt wird.Within the pipe sections 7, 8 there is a first inner nozzle 11, which is referred to below as the first inner nozzle. This first inner nozzle is arranged coaxially to the nozzle tube 1 and placed on the end of a tubular push rod 12. The push rod 12 also runs coaxially to the tube 1 and is axially adjustable in the gear block 4. The push rod 12 can be adjusted axially by actuating the adjusting wheel 5 on the transmission block 4, whereby the first inner nozzle 11 is also axially adjusted relative to the outer nozzle 8.

Die an die Schubstange 12 angesetzte erste Innendüse 11 gliedert sich an ihrer Außenfläche in einen konischen Haltering 13 mit Gaseintrittsöffnungen 14, 15, einen zylindrischen Flächenabschnitt 16, einen ersten konischen Flächenabschnitt 17 mit in Strömungsrichtung zunehmendem Durchmesser und einen zweiten konischen Flächenabschnitt 18 mit in Strömungsrichtung abnehmendem Durchmesser, weshalb die Flächenabschnitte 17 und 18 zusammen einen Doppelkonus bilden.The first inner nozzle 11 attached to the push rod 12 is divided on its outer surface into a conical retaining ring 13 with gas inlet openings 14, 15, a cylindrical surface section 16, a first conical surface section 17 with increasing diameter in the flow direction and a second conical surface section 18 with decreasing diameter in the flow direction, which is why the surface sections 17 and 18 together form a double cone.

Dabei haben die konische Fläche 9 der Außendüse 8 und der zweite konische Flächenabschnitt 18 der Innendüse 11 etwa gleiche Öffnungswinkel, so daß ihre Mantellinien in den die Mittelachse aufnehmenden Schnittebenen jeweils etwa parallel zueinander verlaufen. Der zweite konische Abschnitt 18 der Innendüse 11 bildet somit mit der konischen Innenfläche 9 der Außendüse 8 einen Ringspalt 19.The conical surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8 and the second conical surface section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 have approximately the same opening angle, so that their surface lines in the sectional planes receiving the central axis each run approximately parallel to one another. The second conical section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 thus forms an annular gap 19 with the conical inner surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8.

Die Innenfläche der Innendüse 11 gliedert sich im Anschluß an den konischen Haltering 13 in einen ersten konischen Abschnitt 20 mit in Strömungsrichtung abnehmendem Durchmesser, einen zylindrischen Abschnitt 21 und einen zweiten konischen Abschnitt 22, der sich in Strömungsrichtung erweitert und endseitig eine Gasaustrittsöffnung 23 bildet.Following the conical retaining ring 13, the inner surface of the inner nozzle 11 is divided into a first conical section 20 with a decreasing diameter in the flow direction, a cylindrical section 21 and a second conical section 22 which widens in the flow direction and forms a gas outlet opening 23 at the end.

Der über das Zuleitungsrohr 2 in den Rohrabschnitt 7 eingeleitete Gasstrom tritt beim Anströmen gegen die erste Innendüse 11 teilweise durch die Gaseintrittsöffnungen 14, 15 am konischen Haltering 13 in die erste Innendüse 11 ein und durchströmt sie als Innenstrom, während der restliche Teil des Gasstromes an der Außenfläche der Innendüse 11 als Außenstrom entlangströmt und den Ringspalt 19 passiert.The gas flow introduced into the pipe section 7 via the feed pipe 2, when flowing against the first inner nozzle 11, partially enters the first inner nozzle 11 through the gas inlet openings 14, 15 on the conical retaining ring 13 and flows through it as an inner flow, while the remaining part of the gas flow flows through the Flows along the outer surface of the inner nozzle 11 as an external stream and passes through the annular gap 19.

Da die Weite des Ringspaltes 19 bei Verstellung der Innendüse 11 in Strömungsrichtung des Gases abnimmt und bei Verstellung in entgegengesetzter Richtung zunimmt, kann durch axiale Verstellung der Innendüse 11 der Anteil des an der Innendüse außen entlangströmenden Teilstromes (Außenstrom) im Verhältnis zu dem die Innendüse durchströmenden Teilstrom (Innenstrom) verändert werden. Hierbei ändern sich in den beiden Teilströmen sowohl der Gasdurchsatz, d. h. die Strömungsmengen pro Zeiteinheit, als auch die Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten am Ende des Ringspaltes 19 bzw. an der Austrittsöffnung 23 der ersten Innendüse 11 in absoluten Beträgen und in der Relation von Außenstrom zu Innenstrom.Since the width of the annular gap 19 decreases when the inner nozzle 11 is adjusted in the flow direction of the gas and increases with adjustment in the opposite direction, by axially adjusting the inner nozzle 11, the proportion of the partial flow (external flow) flowing along the inner nozzle can be changed in relation to the partial flow (internal flow) flowing through the internal nozzle. In this case, both the gas throughput, ie the flow quantities per unit of time, and the flow velocities at the end of the annular gap 19 or at the outlet opening 23 of the first inner nozzle 11 change in absolute amounts and in the ratio of external flow to internal flow in the two partial flows.

Bei der vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsform ändert sich zwar die Weite des Ringspaltes 19 bei axialer Verstellung der Innendüse 11, jedoch bleibt sie bei jeder Einstellung der Innendüse 11 relativ zur Außendüse 8 wegen der Gleichheit der Öffnungswinkel des konischen Flächenabschnittes 18 der Innendüse 11 und der konischen Fläche 9 der Außendüse 8 über die axiale Länge des Ringspaltes 19 hinweg konstant.In the above-described embodiment, the width of the annular gap 19 changes when the inner nozzle 11 is axially adjusted, but it remains with each adjustment of the inner nozzle 11 relative to the outer nozzle 8 because of the equality of the opening angles of the conical surface section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 and the conical surface 9 of the Outer nozzle 8 constant over the axial length of the annular gap 19.

Hingegen können bei einer Abwandlung der vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsform die Konusfläche des zweiten konischen Flächenabschnittes 18 der Innendüse 11 und die Konusfläche 9 der Außendüse 8 unterschiedliche Öffnungswinkel aufweisen, so daß die eineinander zugeordneten Mantellinien dieser Flächen in den jeweiligen Schnittebenen einen spitzen Winkel zwischen sich bilden. In diesem Fall nimmt die Weite des Ringspaltes 19 über dessen axiale Länge hinweg zu oder ab, wodurch die Strömungsverhältnisse in den die Innendüse 11 durchströmenden und umströmenden Teilströmen zusätzlich beeinflußbar sind. Ähnliche Wirkungen sind erreichbar, wenn die Flächen 9 und/oder 18 nur annähernd konisch sind oder von der konischen Form weiter abweichen.On the other hand, in a modification of the above-described embodiment, the conical surface of the second conical surface section 18 of the inner nozzle 11 and the conical surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8 can have different opening angles, so that the mutually assigned surface lines of these surfaces form an acute angle between them in the respective cutting planes. In this case, the width of the annular gap 19 increases or decreases over its axial length, as a result of which the flow conditions in the partial flows flowing through and flowing around the inner nozzle 11 can also be influenced. Similar effects can be achieved if the surfaces 9 and / or 18 are only approximately conical or further deviate from the conical shape.

Bei der in Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist innerhalb des die Außendüse 8 bildenden Rohrabschnittes im Strömungsweg hinter der ersten Innendüse 11 eine zweite Innendüse 24 vorgesehen. Diese ist an einer zusätzlichen Schubstange 25 befestigt, welche ihrerseits die erste Innendüse 11 und deren rohrförmige Schubstange 12 axial durchläuft und im Getriebeblock 4 ebenfalls axial verstellbar gelagert ist. Die zweite Schubstange 25 und mit ihr die daran befestigte zweite Innendüse 24 sind mittels des zweiten Stellrades 6 unabhängig von der ersten Schubstange 12 und der daran befestigten ersten Innendüse 11 relativ zu ihr axial verstellbar. Dabei ist die Anordnung so gewählt, daß zumindest bei Einstellung der beiden Innendüsen 11, 24 auf kürzestmöglichen gegenseitigen Abstand die zweite Innendüse 24 teilweise in den durch die konische Innenfläche 22 der ersten Innendüse 11 gebildeten Raum ragt.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a second inner nozzle 24 is provided within the pipe section forming the outer nozzle 8 in the flow path behind the first inner nozzle 11. This is attached to an additional push rod 25, which in turn axially passes through the first inner nozzle 11 and its tubular push rod 12 and is also axially adjustable in the gear block 4. The second push rod 25 and with it the second inner nozzle 24 attached thereto can be adjusted axially relative to the first push rod 12 and the first inner nozzle 11 attached thereto by means of the second adjusting wheel 6. The arrangement is selected so that at least when the two inner nozzles 11, 24 are set at the shortest possible mutual distance, the second inner nozzle 24 partially projects into the space formed by the conical inner surface 22 of the first inner nozzle 11.

Die zweite Innendüse 24 besitzt ebenfalls einen mit Gaseintrittsöffnungen 27, 28 versehenen Haltering 26 sowie anschließend hieran an ihrer Außenfläche einen ersten konischen Abschnitt 28 mit in Strömungsrichtung zunehmendem Durchmesser und einen zweiten konischen Abschnitt 29 mit in Strömungsrichtung abnehmendem Durchmesser. Die Flächenabschnitte 28 und 29 der zweiten Innendüse 24 bilden somit ebenfalls einen Doppelkonus.The second inner nozzle 24 also has a retaining ring 26 provided with gas inlet openings 27, 28 and then has a first conical section 28 with a diameter increasing in the flow direction and a second conical section 29 with a diameter decreasing in the flow direction on its outer surface. The surface sections 28 and 29 of the second inner nozzle 24 thus also form a double cone.

Die Innenfläche der zweiten Innendüse 24 weist einen konischen Abschnitt 30 mit in Strömungsrichtung zunehmendem Durchmesser auf.The inner surface of the second inner nozzle 24 has a conical section 30 with a diameter that increases in the direction of flow.

Der konische Flächenabschnitt 29 der zweiten Innendüse 24 bildet mit der konischen Innenfläche 9 der Außendüse 8 einen zweiten Ringspalt 31 für den vorerwähnten Außenstrom des Gesamt-Gasstromes, während der äußere konische Flächenabschnitt 35 der zweiten Innendüse 24 mit dem inneren konischen Flächenabschnitt 22 der ersten Innendüse einen Ringspalt 32 für den Innenstrom des Gesamt-Gasstromes bildet.The conical surface section 29 of the second inner nozzle 24 forms with the conical inner surface 9 of the outer nozzle 8 a second annular gap 31 for the aforementioned external flow of the total gas flow, while the outer conical surface section 35 of the second inner nozzle 24 forms an annular gap 32 for the internal flow of the total gas flow with the inner conical surface section 22 of the first inner nozzle.

Für die Gestalt und auch für die Veränderung der Ringspalte 31 und 32 gelten die obigen Ausführungen zum Ringspalt 19 analog.For the shape and also for the change in the annular gaps 31 and 32, the above statements regarding the annular gap 19 apply analogously.

In der zweiten Innendüse 24 befindet sich eine feststehende Düsennadel 33, die mit der konischen Innenfläche 30 der zweiten Innendüse 24 einen Ringspalt 34 bildet.In the second inner nozzle 24 there is a fixed nozzle needle 33, which forms an annular gap 34 with the conical inner surface 30 of the second inner nozzle 24.

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 und 3 ist die Düsennadel 34 als Doppelkonus ausgebildet. Jedoch können ihr zur Veränderung der Form der am Kopfteil 3 des Brenners entstehenden Flamme auch andere geometrische Formen zugewiesen werden.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, the nozzle needle 34 is designed as a double cone. However, other geometric shapes can also be assigned to change the shape of the flame formed on the head part 3 of the burner.

Durch axiale Verstellung der zweiten Innendüse 24 verändern sich gleichzeitig die Weiten der Ringspalte 31, 32 und 34. Damit werden die Anteile des die zweite Innendüse 24 außen umströmenden Teilstromes und des die zweite Innendüse 24 durchströmenden Teilstromes an dem die erste Innendüse 11 teils umströmenden, teils durchströmenden Gas-Gesamtstromes hinsichtlich Durchsatz und Strömungsgeschwindigkeit verändert.By axially adjusting the second inner nozzle 24, the widths of the annular gaps 31, 32 and 34 change at the same time. The portions of the partial flow flowing around the second inner nozzle 24 on the outside and of the partial flow flowing through the second inner nozzle 24 in which the partial flow flows around the first inner nozzle 11 flowing gas total flow changed in terms of throughput and flow rate.

Die axiale Einstellung der ersten und zweiten Innendüsen 11, 24 kann so vorgenommen und aneinander angepaßt werden, daß am Kopfteil 3 des Brenners bei unverändertem Brennstoffdurchsatz eine hohe Gasaustrittsgeschwindigkeit erzielt wird, wodurch der Mischimpuls zwischen dem aus dem Brenner austretenden Brennstoffstrom und einem außerhalb des Brenners zugeführten Luftstrom verbessert wird mit dem Ziel einer Intensivierung der Verbrennung und Wärmeübertragung in einer mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Brenner ausgerüsteten Ofenanlage.The axial setting of the first and second inner nozzles 11, 24 can be carried out and adapted to one another, that a high gas outlet velocity is achieved at the head part 3 of the burner with unchanged fuel throughput, as a result of which the mixing pulse between the fuel stream emerging from the burner and an air stream supplied outside the burner is improved with the aim of intensifying the combustion and heat transfer in one equipped with the burner according to the invention Furnace system.

Andererseits kann bei variabler Brennstoffleistung der Gasaustrittsimpuls am Kopfteil 3 des Brenners durch entsprechend angepaßte Veränderung der für die Gasteilströme gebildeten Querschnitte in den Ringspalten 9, 31, 32 und 34 durch entsprechende axiale Einstellung der beiden Innendüsen 11, 24 auf gleichem Niveau gehalten werden, wodurch bei Laständerungen eine stabile Brennstoff-Verbrennungsluft-Gemischbildung erhalten bleibt. Dies ist ein großer regeltechnischer Vorteil in allen feuerungstechnischen Bereichen.On the other hand, with variable fuel output, the gas outlet pulse at the head part 3 of the burner can be kept at the same level by correspondingly changing the cross-sections formed in the annular gaps 9, 31, 32 and 34 by appropriate axial adjustment of the two inner nozzles 11, 24, whereby at Load changes a stable fuel-combustion air mixture formation is maintained. This is a great advantage in terms of control technology in all areas of combustion technology.

Für eine automatische Regelung können in einer weiteren Abwandlung der in Fig. 1 bis 3 offenbarten Ausführungsform anstelle der manuell betätigbaren Stellräder 5, 6 für die axiale Verstellung der Schubstangen 12, 25 und der daran befestigten Innendüsen 11, 24 auch Elektromotore vorgesehen werden, die beispielsweise im Getriebeblock 4 untergebracht oder auf Zahnräder wirken, die anstelle der Stellräder 5, 6 vorgesehen werden können. Die Elektromotore können über Meßglieder im Brenner oder Brennraum automatisch angesteuert werden.For automatic control, in a further modification of the embodiment disclosed in FIGS. 1 to 3, instead of the manually operable setting wheels 5, 6 for the axial adjustment of the push rods 12, 25 and the inner nozzles 11, 24 attached to them, electric motors can also be provided, for example housed in the gear block 4 or act on gears, which can be provided instead of the adjusting wheels 5, 6. The electric motors can be controlled automatically via measuring elements in the burner or combustion chamber.

Mit der aus Außendüse 8, erster verstellbarer Innendüse 18, zweiter verstellbarer Innendüse 24 und Düsennadel 33 bestehenden Düsenvorrichtung für den Brenner können störende Gasabrißwirbel im Brenner und im Brennraum weitgehend vermieden werden. Andererseits werden durch die Einstellechanismen für die ersten und zweiten Innendüsen 11, 24 auch Differenzgeschwindigkeiten der Gasströme in den einzelnen Ringspaltquerschnitten ermöglicht. Es kann ein sauberer Flammenausbrand bewirkt werden, was zu verbesserter Wärmenutzung und reduzierter NOx-Schadstoffbildung führt.With the nozzle device for the burner consisting of the outer nozzle 8, the first adjustable inner nozzle 18, the second adjustable inner nozzle 24 and the nozzle needle 33 annoying gas break-off vortices in the burner and in the combustion chamber can be largely avoided. On the other hand, the adjustment mechanisms for the first and second inner nozzles 11, 24 also enable differential speeds of the gas flows in the individual annular gap cross sections. A clean flame burnout can be brought about, which leads to improved heat utilization and reduced NO x pollutant formation.

Der oben beschriebene Brenner eignet sich insbesondere zur Anwendung bei Glasschmelzöfen und anderen Arten von Industrieöfen, und zwar sowohl in Unterport- als auch in Sideportsystemen.The burner described above is particularly suitable for use in glass melting furnaces and other types of industrial furnaces, in both subport and side port systems.

Bei geringeren Ansprüchen an den Steuerungsumfang kann in weiterer Abwandlung der in Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform anstelle von zwei Innendüsen 11, 24 auch nur eine dieser Innendüsen vorgesehen werden, wobei auch auf die Düsennadel 33 ggf. verzichtet werden kann. Wird nur die Innendüse 11 vorgesehen, kann die Düsennadel 33 bei entsprechender Anpassung ihrer Form auch in die Innendüse 11 eingesetzt werden.In the case of lower demands on the scope of control, in a further modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, only one of these inner nozzles can be provided instead of two inner nozzles 11, 24, it also being possible to dispense with the nozzle needle 33. If only the inner nozzle 11 is provided, the nozzle needle 33 can also be inserted into the inner nozzle 11 with a corresponding adaptation of its shape.

Für die Düsennadel 33 kann anstelle einer festen Lagerung auch eine axaiale Verstellbarkeit vorgesehen werden. Dies ist vor allem dann vorteilhaft, wenn in der Außendüse 8 nur eine Innendüse 11 bzw. 24 in Verbindung mit einer Düsennadel 33 vorgesehen wird.For the nozzle needle 33, an axial adjustability can also be provided instead of a fixed bearing. This is particularly advantageous if only one inner nozzle 11 or 24 is provided in connection with a nozzle needle 33 in the outer nozzle 8.

Schließlich kann in einer weiteren Abwandlung der in Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform eine Änderung des die Innendüse 11 bzw. 24 durchfließenden Teilstromes anstatt durch axiale Verstellung der Innendüse auch durch eine oder mehrere im Strömungsweg verstellbar angeordnete Ventilklappen herbeigeführt werden, welche den Strömungsquerschnitt verändern.Finally, in a further modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a change in the partial flow flowing through the inner nozzle 11 or 24 can also be effected instead of by axially adjusting the inner nozzle one or more valve flaps which are arranged to be adjustable in the flow path and which change the flow cross section are brought about.

Die in Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellte Düsenvorrichtung und ihre vorbeschriebenen Abwandlungen sind nicht nur bei Gasbrennern vorteilhaft anwendbar, sondern auch bei Gebläsen und anderen Vorrichtungen, bei denen der Mengendurchsatz und/oder die Austrittsgeschwindigkeit eines einheitlichen Gasstromes steuerbar sein sollen.The nozzle device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and their above-described modifications can be used advantageously not only in gas burners, but also in blowers and other devices in which the throughput and / or the exit speed of a uniform gas flow are to be controllable.

Claims (9)

  1. Gas nozzle for a glass furnace having
    - an outer nozzle (8);
    - an inner nozzle (24) provided in the outer nozzle (8), which inner nozzle (24) is arranged in the stream of gas introduced into the outer nozzle (8) such that it in part flows through it and in part circulates around it,
    - the flow circulating cross section (31) being variable by displacing the inner nozzle (24) in the outer nozzle (8),
    characterised in that
    - the flow circulating cross section (19) can be varied additionally by means of a second inner nozzle (11) and that
    - both inner nozzles (24; 11) can be adjusted independently of one another.
  2. Gas nozzle according to Claim 1,
       characterised in that the variation of the partial streams is effected by an axial displacement of the inner nozzles (11, 24) relative to the outer nozzle (8).
  3. Gas nozzle according to Claim 1 or 2,
       characterised in that the outer nozzle (8) and/or the inner nozzles (11, 24) are conical.
  4. Gas nozzle according to Claim 3,
       characterised in that the aperture angles of conical surfaces of the outer nozzle (8) and of an inner nozzle (11, 24) are equal.
  5. Gas nozzle according to one of the preceding claims,
       characterised in that an inner nozzle (11, 24) forms a double cone.
  6. Gas nozzle according to one of the preceding claims,
       characterised in that an inner nozzle (11, 24) is axially displaceable in the outer nozzle (8) by means of a connecting rod (12, 25) and the connecting rod (12, 25) has an adjustment device (5, 6).
  7. Gas nozzle according to Claim 1,
       characterised in that at least on adjustment of the two inner nozzles (11, 24) to the shortest possible mutual separation the second inner nozzle (24) projects into an interior space of the first inner nozzle (11).
  8. Gas nozzle according to one of the preceding claims,
       characterised in that a jet needle (33) is arranged axially in the inner nozzle (24) and a device (6, 25) is provided for the relative displacement of the inner nozzle (24) and the jet needle (33).
  9. Gas nozzle according to one of the preceding claims,
       characterised in that it is inserted in a gas burner for controlling the stream of fuel.
EP19910107956 1991-05-16 1991-05-16 Nozzle device for controlling a gas stream Expired - Lifetime EP0513414B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59108409T DE59108409D1 (en) 1991-05-16 1991-05-16 Nozzle device for controlling a gas flow
EP19910107956 EP0513414B1 (en) 1991-05-16 1991-05-16 Nozzle device for controlling a gas stream
ES91107956T ES2094769T3 (en) 1991-05-16 1991-05-16 DEVICE FOR NOZZLES FOR THE CONTROL OF A GASEOUS CURRENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19910107956 EP0513414B1 (en) 1991-05-16 1991-05-16 Nozzle device for controlling a gas stream

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0513414A1 EP0513414A1 (en) 1992-11-19
EP0513414B1 true EP0513414B1 (en) 1996-12-11

Family

ID=8206729

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910107956 Expired - Lifetime EP0513414B1 (en) 1991-05-16 1991-05-16 Nozzle device for controlling a gas stream

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0513414B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59108409D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2094769T3 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005095857A1 (en) 2004-03-23 2005-10-13 Software & Technologie Glas Gmbh (Stg) Gas injector
DE102018125872A1 (en) 2018-10-18 2020-04-23 Flammatec, Spol. S R.O. Fuel gas injector, system made of ceramic wall element with a ceramic injector insert opening for the use of a fuel gas injector and industrial furnace

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5304256A (en) * 1991-12-09 1994-04-19 Esab Welding Products, Inc. Scarfing method
DE4447605C2 (en) † 1994-08-30 1996-12-19 Hotwork Int Sa Industrial furnace with a U-flame pan
US5545031A (en) * 1994-12-30 1996-08-13 Combustion Tec, Inc. Method and apparatus for injecting fuel and oxidant into a combustion burner
US5725367A (en) * 1994-12-30 1998-03-10 Combustion Tec, Inc. Method and apparatus for dispersing fuel and oxidant from a burner
AT402963B (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-10-27 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD FOR BURNING FUEL
DE10005256B4 (en) * 2000-02-05 2010-04-29 Elster Gmbh Burner for gaseous or liquid fuels
EP3180567B1 (en) * 2014-08-15 2020-11-25 Eclipse Inc. Dual outlet burner and method
CN112696672B (en) * 2020-12-25 2022-04-15 清华大学 Combustion tube and low-nitrogen combustor with same

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1087714A (en) * 1953-11-23 1955-02-28 Spray method and device
DE1959677B1 (en) * 1969-11-28 1971-05-06 Wiest Fa Richard NOZZLE FOR ALL GAS BURNERS
DE3202105C2 (en) * 1982-01-23 1985-08-08 Karl-Heinz 5600 Wuppertal Frickel Burners, in particular for glass melting furnaces

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005095857A1 (en) 2004-03-23 2005-10-13 Software & Technologie Glas Gmbh (Stg) Gas injector
DE102018125872A1 (en) 2018-10-18 2020-04-23 Flammatec, Spol. S R.O. Fuel gas injector, system made of ceramic wall element with a ceramic injector insert opening for the use of a fuel gas injector and industrial furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0513414A1 (en) 1992-11-19
ES2094769T3 (en) 1997-02-01
DE59108409D1 (en) 1997-01-23

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