EP0513049B1 - Process for the mechanical treatment of fluid to slightly viscous media - Google Patents
Process for the mechanical treatment of fluid to slightly viscous media Download PDFInfo
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- EP0513049B1 EP0513049B1 EP91902605A EP91902605A EP0513049B1 EP 0513049 B1 EP0513049 B1 EP 0513049B1 EP 91902605 A EP91902605 A EP 91902605A EP 91902605 A EP91902605 A EP 91902605A EP 0513049 B1 EP0513049 B1 EP 0513049B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/234—Surface aerating
- B01F23/2342—Surface aerating with stirrers near to the liquid surface, e.g. partially immersed, for spraying the liquid in the gas or for sucking gas into the liquid, e.g. using stirrers rotating around a horizontal axis or using centrifugal force
- B01F23/23421—Surface aerating with stirrers near to the liquid surface, e.g. partially immersed, for spraying the liquid in the gas or for sucking gas into the liquid, e.g. using stirrers rotating around a horizontal axis or using centrifugal force the stirrers rotating about a vertical axis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the mechanical treatment of liquid to thin-pulp media according to the preamble of the main claim.
- a large number of processes for the mechanical treatment of liquid to thin-pulp media have become known, which are mainly used in the fields of wastewater treatment, water treatment and the production of disperse mixtures.
- the turbulence in particular by means of rotors, is used to achieve an intensive mixing of the starting components.
- a high degree of dispersion is to be achieved by comminuting coarse constituents into smaller units.
- the medium to be treated is filled from above into a funnel-shaped container, which it flows through from top to bottom due to gravity and leaves through a drain opening provided at the lower end of the funnel.
- This device creates a vortex-like vortex which is intended to intensively mix the constituents present in the medium, for example cement and water.
- This method has also become known in a further development (DE-A 33 25 952), in which a two-chamber system is used.
- the inner, funnel-shaped chamber in turn serves to swirl the medium flowing through the chamber from top to bottom due to gravity, while the outer chamber serves to return the medium leaving the inner chamber to the inlet opening of the inner chamber.
- a rotor mounted in the vertical axis of the container is used, the wings of which are located in the outer chamber below the outlet opening of the inner chamber and which conveys the medium back against gravity to the inlet opening of the inner chamber.
- the invention has for its object to provide additional comminution of solid components in the medium to be treated.
- the medium is conveyed into the spray device by suction. This enables additional energy to be introduced into the medium for the purpose of comminuting components of the medium and for dispersion.
- repeated spraying of the medium in a short time enables a high energy input which leads to rapid dispersion of the constituents of the medium.
- Coagulation is also determined by this treatment Components of the medium enabled, whereby they can be separated as solids from the liquid portions of the medium.
- the coagulation can take place, for example, by cluster formation, which is promoted by the fine distribution of the components by means of the spray device.
- the spray device is designed as a centrifugal wheel with an intake port which is connected on the one hand to the storage container of the medium and on the other hand with channels directed radially outwards.
- the speed of the centrifugal wheel and the cross sections of the flow channels are selected so that the medium emerging from the radial channels is atomized and liquid portions of the medium partially change to the gas state.
- the transition from liquid portions of the medium into the gas phase is controlled by regulating the temperature of the medium.
- the cavitation effects can be used in a targeted manner.
- increasing the temperature of the medium can facilitate the transition into the gas phase of liquid portions of the medium, so that the mechanical requirements for achieving the cavitation effect can be kept low.
- the largest possible change in density of the medium can be brought about by suction and atomization by temperature control.
- the pressure ratios along the feed channels of the medium to the spray device are varied. This configuration further increases the energy input into the medium, for example by promoting the cavitation effects.
- the mixing of different proportions of the medium is promoted by additional measures, for example by the flow guidance before and / or after the spraying of the medium.
- additional measures for example by the flow guidance before and / or after the spraying of the medium.
- Such effects can consist, for example, of swirl effects which are achieved by appropriate flow guidance.
- An increase in the cavitation effects due to increased gas formation at the intake manifold could also be achieved by varying the speed of the centrifugal wheel.
- the change in the direction of flow of the medium in the intake manifold and in the centrifugal wheel can also produce such effects.
- the device shown in FIG. 1 has a container with a bottle-shaped, upwardly tapering chamber 1 and a bell-shaped outer chamber 2 arranged around it, both of which are arranged rotationally symmetrically about an axis of symmetry 3.
- a suction nozzle 4 is immersed, which is connected to a centrifugal wheel 5 in a form-fitting manner with its end protruding from the bottle neck of the inner chamber 1.
- the centrifugal wheel 5 is also arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry 3 of the two chambers 1 and 2 and is provided with radial channels 6 which run from the area around the axis of rotation to the outer boundary of the centrifugal wheel 5 and where they open into outlet openings 7. At the other ends, the radial channels 6 open into the intake manifold 4, for which purpose they are angled in the direction of the axis of symmetry 3.
- a drive shaft 8 is articulated to the centrifugal wheel 5 and is connected to a drive unit (not shown).
- the drive shaft 8 is guided into the outer space through a recess 9 in the outer wall 10 of the outer chamber 2, a seal being able to be provided between the shaft 8 and the outer wall 10.
- the outer wall 10 is provided with a pressure relief valve 11 and a vacuum relief valve 12 for regulating the pressure of the outer chamber 2.
- the outer wall 10 has two further recesses, namely an inlet opening 13 and an outlet opening 14.
- the bottle-shaped outer wall 15 of the inner one Chamber 1 is firmly connected to the outer chamber 2, however, a plurality of passage openings 16 are provided between the inner chamber 1 and the outer chamber 2, in front of which flow plates 17 are arranged.
- FIG. 2 shows a section through a centrifugal wheel 5 according to the invention, in which the radial channels 6 run in an arc from the inside to the outside, the outlet openings 7 being arranged approximately tangentially to the outer boundary of the centrifugal wheel 5.
- the outlet from the channels 6 of the centrifugal wheel 5 takes place above the fill level of the medium to be treated, it being possible for the space provided for this purpose in the outer chamber 2 to be filled with air or another suitable gas.
- the medium which is subject to strong rotational and centrifugal acceleration, which can be a mixture of different liquids and / or a liquid / solid mixture, changes into mist and is thrown into the air or gas volume of the chamber.
- the mist is absorbed by the already condensed or sunken medium in container 2.
- the passage openings 16 the medium is fed back to the intake manifold 4 of the centrifugal wheel 5.
- a closed treatment chamber can also be dispensed with by immersing the suction nozzle of the centrifugal wheel in the medium, for example in a clarifier, a liquid manure pit or a body of water.
- the procedure is carried out until the desired treatment result has been achieved.
- the method can also be carried out continuously by continuously supplying medium to the storage container and removing a partial quantity of medium again after passing through the spray device. It must be ensured that the medium to be treated passes the spray device at least once.
- the medium When treating liquid manure or waste water, the medium could be clarified by precipitating or sedimenting solid components.
- the coagulation effect of the method according to the invention comes to the fore.
- solid fractions coagulate to form larger units, for example clusters, and precipitate out.
- the mineral content of mineral-containing water can be largely precipitated or sedimented, so that demineralized water is obtained.
- a further change in treated water has so far not been scientifically proven, but it is suggested by the various sequelae and properties of the treated water.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
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- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur mechanischen Behandlung von flüssigen bis dünnbreiigen Medien nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Es ist eine Vielzahl von Verfahren zur mechanischen Behandlung von flüssigen bis dünnbreiigen Medien bekannt geworden, die vorwiegend auf den Gebieten Abwasserreinigung, Wasseraufbereitung und Herstellung disperser Gemische zum Einsatz kommen. Dabei wird zur Erzielung einer intensiven Vermischung der Ausgangsbestandteile die Verwirbelung, insbesondere mittels Rotoren, eingesetzt. Durch Zerkleinerung von groben Bestandteilen zu kleineren Einheiten soll ein hoher Dispersionsgrad erreicht werden.The invention relates to a method for the mechanical treatment of liquid to thin-pulp media according to the preamble of the main claim. A large number of processes for the mechanical treatment of liquid to thin-pulp media have become known, which are mainly used in the fields of wastewater treatment, water treatment and the production of disperse mixtures. The turbulence, in particular by means of rotors, is used to achieve an intensive mixing of the starting components. A high degree of dispersion is to be achieved by comminuting coarse constituents into smaller units.
Bei einem bekannten Verfahren dieser Art (DE-A 32 41 011) wird das zu behandelnde Medium von oben in einen trichterförmigen Behälter eingefüllt, den es aufgrund der Schwerkraft von oben nach unten durchströmt und durch eine am unteren Ende des Trichters vorgesehene Ablauföffnung verläßt. Durch diese Vorrichtung wird eine strudelartige Verwirbelung erzeugt, die ein intensives Vermischen der im Medium vorhandenen Bestandteile, beispielsweise Zement und Wasser, bewirken soll. Dieses Verfahren ist auch in einer Weiterentwicklung bekannt geworden (DE-A 33 25 952), bei der ein Zweikammersystem zur Anwendung kommt. Die innere, trichterförmige Kammer dient wiederum der Verwirbelung des die Kammer von oben nach unten aufgrund der Schwerkraft durchströmenden Mediums, während die äußere Kammer der Rückführung des die innere Kammer verlassenden Mediums zur Eintrittsöffnung der inneren Kammer dient. Zur Rückführung wird ein in der senkrechten Behälterachse gelagerter Rotor verwendet, dessen Flügel sich in der äußeren Kammer unterhalb der Austrittsöffnung der inneren Kammer befinden und der das Medium entgegen der Schwerkraft zur Eintrittsöffnung der inneren Kammer zurückfördert.In a known method of this type (DE-A 32 41 011), the medium to be treated is filled from above into a funnel-shaped container, which it flows through from top to bottom due to gravity and leaves through a drain opening provided at the lower end of the funnel. This device creates a vortex-like vortex which is intended to intensively mix the constituents present in the medium, for example cement and water. This method has also become known in a further development (DE-A 33 25 952), in which a two-chamber system is used. The inner, funnel-shaped chamber in turn serves to swirl the medium flowing through the chamber from top to bottom due to gravity, while the outer chamber serves to return the medium leaving the inner chamber to the inlet opening of the inner chamber. For the return, a rotor mounted in the vertical axis of the container is used, the wings of which are located in the outer chamber below the outlet opening of the inner chamber and which conveys the medium back against gravity to the inlet opening of the inner chamber.
Diese bekannten Verfahren haben den Nachteil, daß der Wirkungsgrad nicht groß genug ist, um in vernünftigen Zeitmaßstäben einen ausreichenden Dispersionsgrad des behandelten Mediums zu erzielen. Trotz Vorsehung von Propellern zur Unterstützung der Verwirbelungswirkung der Schwerkraft durch Saugen und Pumpen, bleibt der Energieeintrag doch zu gering.These known methods have the disadvantage that the efficiency is not high enough to achieve a sufficient degree of dispersion of the treated medium in reasonable time scales. Despite the provision of propellers to support the swirling effect of gravity by suction and pumping, the energy input remains too low.
Bei einem anderen bekannten Verfahren (US-A 4,628,391) zum Mischen eines zweiphasigen Flüssigkeitsgemisches ist die Umwälzrichtung bezüglich der genannten Vorrichtung umgekehrt. Die Umwälzströmung wird aber auch hier mit einem Propeller oder Flügelrad bewirkt, wobei das Medium aus einer Kammer angesaugt und in eine zweite Kammer ausgeworfen wird. Daher ist der Energieeintrag zu gering, um einen ausreichenden Dispersionsgrad des behandelnden Mediums in vernünftigen Zeitmaßstäben zu erreichen.In another known method (US Pat. No. 4,628,391) for mixing a two-phase liquid mixture, the direction of circulation with respect to the device mentioned is reversed. The circulation flow is also effected here with a propeller or impeller, the medium being sucked in from one chamber and ejected into a second chamber. The energy input is therefore too low to achieve a sufficient degree of dispersion of the treating medium in reasonable time scales.
Eine bessere Wirkung wird durch die Verfahrensweise gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 erzielt. Diese ist auch aus der Schrift CH-A-298 868 bekannt, wobei dort die eigentliche Vernebelung durch den Aufprall der Flüssigkeit auf Prallflächen erfolgt.A better effect is achieved by the procedure according to the preamble of claim 1. This is also known from the document CH-A-298 868, the actual nebulization taking place there by the impact of the liquid on impact surfaces.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde für eine zusätzliche Zerkleinerung von festen Bestandteilen im zu behandelnden Medium zu sorgen.The invention has for its object to provide additional comminution of solid components in the medium to be treated.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst.This object is achieved by the method according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim.
Dadurch daß Sogwirkung so groß gewählt wird, daß flüssige Anteile des Mediums in den Saugkanälen zeitweise in den gasförmigen Zustand übergehen treten Kavitationseffekte auf, die eine zusätzliche Verkleinerung von festen Bestandteilen des Mediums sowie eine zusätzliche Durchmischung des gesamten Mediums bewirken.Because the suction effect is chosen so large that liquid portions of the medium in the suction channels temporarily change into the gaseous state, cavitation effects occur which cause an additional reduction in solid components of the medium and an additional mixing of the entire medium.
Indem das zu behandelnde Medium durch die Sprühvorrichtung vernebelt wird, wird einerseits sowohl die Clusterbildung weitergefördert, als auch andererseits der Dispersionsgrad der Bestandteile des Mediums weiter erhöht. Bei dieser Vernebelung können flüssige Anteile des Mediums teilweise in den Gaszustand übergehen.By atomizing the medium to be treated by the spray device, on the one hand the cluster formation is further promoted and on the other hand the degree of dispersion of the components of the medium is further increased. With this nebulization, liquid parts of the medium can partially change to the gas state.
Die Förderung des Mediums in die Sprühvorrichtung erfolgt durch Sogwirkung. Dadurch ist ein zusätzlicher Energieeintrag in das Medium zum Zwecke der Zerkleinerung von Bestandteilen des Mediums und zur Dispergierung möglich.The medium is conveyed into the spray device by suction. This enables additional energy to be introduced into the medium for the purpose of comminuting components of the medium and for dispersion.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist durch wiederholtes Versprühen des Mediums in kurzer Zeit ein hoher Energieeintrag möglich ist, der zu einer schnellen Dispergierung der Bestandteile des Mediums führt. Darüber hinaus wird durch diese Behandlung eine Koagulation bestimmter Bestandteile des Mediums ermöglicht, wodurch diese als Feststoffe von den flüssigen Anteilen des Mediums abgetrennt werden können. Die Koagulation kann beispielsweise durch Clusterbildung erfolgen, welche durch die feinverteilung der Bestandteile mittels der Sprühvorrichtung gefördert wird.In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, repeated spraying of the medium in a short time enables a high energy input which leads to rapid dispersion of the constituents of the medium. Coagulation is also determined by this treatment Components of the medium enabled, whereby they can be separated as solids from the liquid portions of the medium. The coagulation can take place, for example, by cluster formation, which is promoted by the fine distribution of the components by means of the spray device.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist die Sprühvorrichtung als Schleuderrad ausgebildet mit einem Ansaugstutzen, der einerseits mit dem Vorratsbehälter des Mediums in Verbindung steht und andererseits mit radial nach außen gerichteten Kanälen. Die Drehzahl des Schleuderrads und die Querschnitte des Strömungskanäle sind so gewählt, daß das aus den radialen Kanälen austretende Medium vernebelt wird und dabei flüssige Anteile des Mediums teilweise in den Gaszustand übergehen. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird auf einfache Weise ein hoher Energieeintrag und ein hoher Mediumdurchsatz durch die Sprühvorrichtung ermöglicht, bei gleichzeitiger Gewährleistung der Vernebelung des Mediums durch die Sprühvorrichtung.According to an advantageous further development, the spray device is designed as a centrifugal wheel with an intake port which is connected on the one hand to the storage container of the medium and on the other hand with channels directed radially outwards. The speed of the centrifugal wheel and the cross sections of the flow channels are selected so that the medium emerging from the radial channels is atomized and liquid portions of the medium partially change to the gas state. This configuration easily results in a high energy input and a high medium throughput enabled by the spray device, while ensuring the nebulization of the medium by the spray device.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung dieser Merkmale wird durch Regeln der Temperatur des Mediums der Übergang von flüssigen Anteilen des Mediums in die Gasphase gesteuert. Auf diese Weise können die Kavitationseffekte gezielt eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere kann durch Erhöhen der Temperatur des Mediums der Übertritt in die Gasphase von flüssigen Anteilen des Mediums erleichtert werden, so daß die mechanischen Anforderungen zur Erzielung des Kavitationseffektes gering gehalten werden können. Es kann aber auch durch Temperatursteuerung eine möglichst große Dichteänderung des Mediums durch Sogwirkung und Zerstäubung bewirkt werden.According to a further advantageous development of these features, the transition from liquid portions of the medium into the gas phase is controlled by regulating the temperature of the medium. In this way, the cavitation effects can be used in a targeted manner. In particular, increasing the temperature of the medium can facilitate the transition into the gas phase of liquid portions of the medium, so that the mechanical requirements for achieving the cavitation effect can be kept low. However, the largest possible change in density of the medium can be brought about by suction and atomization by temperature control.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden die Druckverhältnisse längs der Zuführkanäle des Mediums zur Sprühvorrichtung variiert. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird der Energieeintrag in das Medium weiter erhöht, beispielsweise durch Förderung der Kavaitationseffekte.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the pressure ratios along the feed channels of the medium to the spray device are varied. This configuration further increases the energy input into the medium, for example by promoting the cavitation effects.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das Vermischen verschiedener Anteile des Mediums durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen gefördert, beispielsweise durch die Strömungsführung vor und/oder nach dem Versprühen des Mediums. Derartige Effekte können beispielsweise in Strudeleffekten bestehen, die durch eine entsprechende Strömungsführung erreicht werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the mixing of different proportions of the medium is promoted by additional measures, for example by the flow guidance before and / or after the spraying of the medium. Such effects can consist, for example, of swirl effects which are achieved by appropriate flow guidance.
Eine Vergrößerung der Kavitationseffekte durch verstärkte Gasbildung am Ansaugstutzen könnte auch dadurch erzielt werden, daß die Drehzahl des Schleuderrades variiert wird. Die Veränderung der Strömungsrichtung des Mediums im Ansaugstutzen und im Schleuderrad kann ebenfalls derartige Effekte erzeugen. Hierfür kann es sinnvoll sein, anstelle von radial nach außen gerichteten Kanälen im Schleuderrad geschwungene bzw. gebogene Kanäle vorzusehen.An increase in the cavitation effects due to increased gas formation at the intake manifold could also be achieved by varying the speed of the centrifugal wheel. The change in the direction of flow of the medium in the intake manifold and in the centrifugal wheel can also produce such effects. For this purpose, it can be useful to provide curved or curved channels in the centrifugal wheel instead of radially outwardly directed channels.
Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden beschrieben:
Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen Vorratsbehälter mit im Vorratsbehälter angeordnetem Schleuderrad und Ansaugstutzen und
- Fig. 2
- eine mögliche Anordnung der Strömungskanäle im Schleuderrad.
Show it
- Fig. 1
- a storage container with a centrifugal wheel arranged in the storage container and intake manifold and
- Fig. 2
- a possible arrangement of the flow channels in the centrifugal wheel.
Die in Fig. 1 dargstellte Vorrichtung weist einen Behälter mit einer flaschenförmigen, nach oben sich verjüngenden Kammer 1 und einer um diese angeordnete glockenförmigen äußeren Kammer 2 auf, die beide rotationssymmetrisch um eine Symmetrieachse 3 angeordnet sind. In den oberen, quasi den Flaschenhals bildenden Bereich der inneren Kammer 1 ist ein Ansaugstutzen 4 eingetaucht, der mit seinem aus dem Flaschenhals der inneren Kammer 1 herausragenden Ende mit einem Schleuderrad 5 formschlüssig verbunden ist. Das Schleuderrad 5 ist ebenfalls rotationssymmetrisch zur Symmetrieachse 3 der beiden Kammern 1 und 2 angeordnet und mit radialen Kanälen 6 versehen, welche vom Bereich um die Rotationsache zur äußeren Begrenzung des Schleuderrads 5 verlaufen und dort in Austrittsöffnungen 7 münden. Andern Ends münden die radialen Kanäle 6 in den Ansaugstutzen 4, wozu sie in Richtung auf die Symmetrieachse 3 abgewinkelt sind.The device shown in FIG. 1 has a container with a bottle-shaped, upwardly tapering chamber 1 and a bell-shaped outer chamber 2 arranged around it, both of which are arranged rotationally symmetrically about an axis of
Auf seiner der inneren Kammer 1 abgewandten Flachseite ist an das Schleuderrad 5 eine Antriebswelle 8 angelenkt, die mit einem nicht dargestellten Antriebsaggregat in Verbindung steht. Die Antriebswelle 8 ist durch eine Ausnehmung 9 in der Außenwand 10 der äußeren Kammer 2 in den Außenraum geführt, wobei zwischen Welle 8 und Außenwand 10 eine Dichtung vorsehbar ist. In ihrem oberen Bereich ist die Außenwand 10 mit einem Überdruckventil 11 und einem Unterdruckventil 12 zur Druckregulierung der äußeren Kammer 2 versehen. In ihrem unteren Bereich weist die Außenwand 10 zwei weitere Ausnehmungen auf, nämlich eine Einlaßöffnung 13 und eine Auslaßöffnung 14. Die flaschenförmige Außenwand 15 der inneren Kammer 1 ist fest mit der äußeren Kammer 2 verbunden, jedoch sind zwischen der inneren Kammer 1 und der äußeren Kammer 2 mehrere Durchlaßöffnungen 16 vorgesehen, vor denen Strömungsbleche 17 angeordnet sind.On its flat side facing away from the inner chamber 1, a
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Schleuderrad 5, bei dem die radialen kanäle 6 bogenförmig von innen nach außen verlaufen, wobei die Austrittsöffnungen 7 annähernd tangential zur äußeren Begrenzung des Schleuderrads 5 angeordnet sind.2 shows a section through a
Der Austritt aus den Kanälen 6 des Schleuderrades 5 erfolgt über dem Füllstand des zu behandelnden Mediums, wobei der hierfür vorgesehene Raum in der äußeren Kammer 2 mit Luft oder einem anderen geeigneten Gas gefüllt sein kann. Beim Austritt geht das unter starker Rotations- und Zentrifugalbeschleunigung stehende Medium, welches ein Gemisch von verschiedenen Flüssigkeiten und/oder ein Flüssigkeitsfeststoffgemisch sein kann, in Nebel über und wird in das Luft- bzw. Gasvolumen der Kammer geschleudert. Der Nebel wird vom bereits kondensierten bzw. abgesunkenen Medium im Behälter 2 aufgenommen. Durch die Durchlaßöffnungen 16 wird das Medium wieder dem Ansaugstutzen 4 des Schleuderrades 5 zugeführt.The outlet from the
Bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann jedoch auch auf eine geschlossene Behandlungskammer verzichtet werden, indem der Ansaugstutzen des Schleuderrades in das Medium eingetaucht wird, beispielsweise in ein Klärbecken, eine Güllegrube oder ein Gewässer.When carrying out the method according to the invention, however, a closed treatment chamber can also be dispensed with by immersing the suction nozzle of the centrifugal wheel in the medium, for example in a clarifier, a liquid manure pit or a body of water.
Das Verfahren wird solange durchgeführt, bis das gewünschte Behandlungsergebnis eingetreten ist. Das Verfahren kann aber auch kontinuierlich durchgeführt werden, indem dem Vorratsbehälter kontinuierlich Medium zugeführt und nach Passieren der Sprühvorrichtung eine Teilmenge Medium wieder entnommen wird. Dabei muß sichergestellt werden, daß das zu behandelnde Medium mindestens einmal die Sprühvorrichtung passiert.The procedure is carried out until the desired treatment result has been achieved. However, the method can also be carried out continuously by continuously supplying medium to the storage container and removing a partial quantity of medium again after passing through the spray device. It must be ensured that the medium to be treated passes the spray device at least once.
Folgende Behandlungsergebnisse konnten bislang nachgewiesen werden. Bei der Herstellung von Zement-Wasser-Gemisch konnte ein um mindestens 10% verminderter Wasserbedarf festgestellt werden, bei mindestens gleicher Qualität des Endproduktes. Zusätzlich konnte eine Steigerung der Festigkeit im ausgehärteten Zustand des Zement-Wasser-Gemisches festgestellt werden. Die Rissebildung wurde vermindert. Die Homogenität des Gemisches wurde trotz geringern Wasserbedarfs in kürzerer Zeit erreicht. Die Haftwirkung des Endprodukts ist gegenüber bekannten Zement-Wasser-Gemischen vergrößert. Die Struktur des Gemisches ist feiner, sämiger als bei herkömmlich hergestellten Zement-Wasser-Gemischen. Die mechanischen Festigkeitseigenschaften sind gegenüber herkömmlich hergestellten Zement-Wasser-Gemischen bzw. daraus gebildeten Endprodukten verbessert.The following treatment results have so far been demonstrated. In the production of cement-water mixture, a water requirement reduced by at least 10% could be determined, with at least the same quality of the end product. In addition, an increase in strength in the hardened state of the cement-water mixture was found. Crack formation was reduced. The homogeneity of the mixture was achieved in a shorter time despite the lower water requirement. The adhesive effect of the end product is increased compared to known cement-water mixtures. The structure of the mixture is finer, smoother than that of conventionally produced cement-water mixtures. The mechanical strength properties are improved compared to conventionally produced cement-water mixtures or end products formed therefrom.
Bei der Behandlung von Gülle bzw. Abwasser konnte eine Klärung des Mediums durch Ausfällen bzw. Sedimentieren fester Bestandteile erreicht werden. Bei dieser Anwendung tritt die Koagulationswirkung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in den Vordergrund. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Behandlung des Mediums koagulieren Feststoffanteile zu größeren Einheiten, beispielsweise Clustern, und fallen aus. Auf dieselbe Weise kann aus mineralhaltigem Wasser der Mineraltstoffanteil zum großen Teil ausgefällt bzw. sedimentiert werden, so daß demineralisiertes Wasser erhalten wird. Eine weitere Veränderung behandelten Wassers ist wissenschaftlich bislang nicht nachweisbar, jedoch durch verschiedene Folgeerscheinungen bzw. Eigenschaften des behandelten Wassers nahegelegt.When treating liquid manure or waste water, the medium could be clarified by precipitating or sedimenting solid components. In this application, the coagulation effect of the method according to the invention comes to the fore. As a result of the treatment of the medium according to the invention, solid fractions coagulate to form larger units, for example clusters, and precipitate out. The same way the mineral content of mineral-containing water can be largely precipitated or sedimented, so that demineralized water is obtained. A further change in treated water has so far not been scientifically proven, but it is suggested by the various sequelae and properties of the treated water.
Derartig behandeltes Wasser wurde beispielsweise in der Pflanzenzucht - besseres Pflanzenwachstum -, in der Bodenbehandlung - Verbesserung der Bodenstruktur - und im medizinischen Bereich eingesetzt. Im medizinischen Bereich ergaben sich Hinweise auf eine positive Wirkung auf Heilprozesse, eine Normalisierung des Stoffwechels bei Einnahme behandelten Wassers - vermutlich durch erhöhte Sauerstoffaufnahme des Blutes - und Verhinderung und Reduzierung von Zahnstein bei entsprechender Anwendung behandelten Wassers.Water treated in this way was used, for example, in plant breeding - better plant growth -, in soil treatment - improving soil structure - and in the medical field. In the medical field, there was evidence of a positive effect on healing processes, a normalization of the metabolism when taking treated water - presumably due to increased oxygen uptake of the blood - and prevention and reduction of tartar when treated water was used appropriately.
Bei der Abwasserbehandlung sind Hinweise auf eine Verbesserung der Wirkung mikrobiologischer Substanzen vorhanden, die auf eine Aktivierung dieser Substanzen oder einen verbesserten Wirkungsgrad durch Oberflächenvergrößerung der Schadstoffpartikel zurückzuführen ist.In the case of wastewater treatment, there are indications of an improvement in the action of microbiological substances, which can be attributed to the activation of these substances or an improved efficiency by increasing the surface area of the pollutant particles.
Claims (7)
- Process for the mechanical treatment of liquid or slightly sludge-like media, particularly water, waste water, and water-cement mixtures, in which the medium is extracted by a suction effect from a storage container (1) and passed into a spraying mechanism (5), and is then sprayed out through the spraying mechanism (5) and thus turned into a fog, with part of the medium changing during the process into the gaseous form, characterised by the suction effect being selected at such a strength that the liquid parts of the medium within the suction channel (6) change into the gaseous state for a time.
- Process along the lines of Claim 1, characterised by the sprayed medium being retained and passed back into the spraying mechanism (5).
- Process along the lines of Claims 1 and 2, characterised by the spray mechanism taking the form of a centrifugal wheel (5) with an intake (4) which is connected on the one side with the storage container (1) for the medium and on the other side with channels (6) arranged radially outwards, and by the medium that is drawn in by suction being ejected from the spray mechanism by centrifugal force.
- Process along the lines of Claim 3, characterised by the suction effect for drawing the medium into the spraying mechanism (5) being generated solely by the centrifuging of the medium.
- Process along the lines of Claim 3, characterised by the spraying mechanism taking the form of a centrifugal wheel with an intake which is connected on the one side with the storage container for the medium and on the other side with channels arranged radially outwards, and by the speed of rotation of the centrifugal wheel being and the cross-sections of the radial channels being selected in such a manner that the medium leaving the radial channels is turned into a fog and the liquid parts of the medium partly turning into the gaseous state.
- Process along the lines of Claim 3 or 4, characterised by the strength of the suction effect being selected so that the liquid parts of the medium turn into the gaseous state for a time.
- Process along the lines of one of the foregoing Claims, characterised by the transition of the liquid parts of the medium into the gaseous phase being controlled by regulating the temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4002614 | 1990-01-30 | ||
DE4002614 | 1990-01-30 | ||
PCT/DE1991/000087 WO1991011251A1 (en) | 1990-01-30 | 1991-01-30 | Process for the mechanical treatment of fluid to slightly viscous media |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0513049A1 EP0513049A1 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
EP0513049B1 true EP0513049B1 (en) | 1994-10-05 |
Family
ID=6399033
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91902605A Expired - Lifetime EP0513049B1 (en) | 1990-01-30 | 1991-01-30 | Process for the mechanical treatment of fluid to slightly viscous media |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5342529A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0513049B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05503462A (en) |
KR (1) | KR920703193A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE112507T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2074957A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4102703A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0513049T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2065672T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991011251A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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SE543853C2 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-08-10 | Kujtim Hyseni | Gas generator and cavitator for gas generation |
SE543854C2 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-08-10 | Kujtim Hyseni | Cavitator for gas generation |
EP4077222A4 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2024-02-28 | Kujtim Hyseni | Cavitator for gas generation |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE298868C (en) * | ||||
GB127705A (en) * | 1918-05-31 | 1919-06-02 | Kirkham Hulett And Chandler Lt | Improvements in Apparatus for Effecting Intimate Contact between Liquids and Gases. |
FR568836A (en) * | 1923-07-19 | 1924-04-02 | Improvements made to mixing and agitating devices | |
US2268219A (en) * | 1940-03-14 | 1941-12-30 | Turbo Mixer Corp | Gas and liquid contact apparatus |
US2560526A (en) * | 1946-03-02 | 1951-07-10 | Bastian Blessing Co | Gas dissolving apparatus |
CH298868A (en) * | 1951-04-02 | 1954-05-31 | Giovanola Freres Sa | Device for fine division of liquids. |
FR1375822A (en) * | 1963-08-13 | 1964-10-23 | Buss Ag | Process for treating liquids with gaseous agents, and installation for carrying out this process |
DE1963614A1 (en) * | 1969-12-19 | 1971-06-24 | Bamag Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh | Surface gasifier or aerator for liquids |
US4268398A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1981-05-19 | Shuck William D | Sludge agitating method |
BE884216A (en) * | 1980-07-08 | 1980-11-03 | Haegeman Johny H | APPARATUS FOR MIXING GAS WITH LIQUID OR REVERSE AND FOR DEGASSIFICATION OF A LIQUID |
CH654560A5 (en) * | 1981-10-22 | 1986-02-28 | Paul Ketterer | Method and device for oxygen enrichment of the deep water in stagnant waters |
US5085809A (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1992-02-04 | Barrett, Haentjens & Co. | Apparatus for gas absorption in a liquid |
-
1991
- 1991-01-30 AT AT91902605T patent/ATE112507T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-01-30 DE DE4102703A patent/DE4102703A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-01-30 US US07/916,103 patent/US5342529A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-01-30 DE DE59103174T patent/DE59103174D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-01-30 CA CA002074957A patent/CA2074957A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-01-30 ES ES91902605T patent/ES2065672T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-01-30 EP EP91902605A patent/EP0513049B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-01-30 KR KR1019920701805A patent/KR920703193A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-01-30 WO PCT/DE1991/000087 patent/WO1991011251A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-01-30 JP JP3502600A patent/JPH05503462A/en active Pending
- 1991-01-30 DK DK91902605.4T patent/DK0513049T3/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2065672T3 (en) | 1995-02-16 |
ATE112507T1 (en) | 1994-10-15 |
CA2074957A1 (en) | 1991-07-31 |
DE59103174D1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
DE4102703A1 (en) | 1991-09-19 |
EP0513049A1 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
US5342529A (en) | 1994-08-30 |
JPH05503462A (en) | 1993-06-10 |
DK0513049T3 (en) | 1995-04-18 |
KR920703193A (en) | 1992-12-17 |
WO1991011251A1 (en) | 1991-08-08 |
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