EP0509978B1 - Fully openable barrel with a closure - Google Patents
Fully openable barrel with a closure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0509978B1 EP0509978B1 EP19920870061 EP92870061A EP0509978B1 EP 0509978 B1 EP0509978 B1 EP 0509978B1 EP 19920870061 EP19920870061 EP 19920870061 EP 92870061 A EP92870061 A EP 92870061A EP 0509978 B1 EP0509978 B1 EP 0509978B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lid
- barrel
- sleeve
- edge
- annular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D45/00—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members
- B65D45/32—Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members for applying radial or radial and axial pressure, e.g. contractible bands encircling closure member
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D43/02—Removable lids or covers
- B65D43/0202—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element
- B65D43/0214—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured only by friction or gravity
- B65D43/0218—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured only by friction or gravity on both the inside and the outside of the mouth of the container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D7/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal
- B65D7/02—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by shape
- B65D7/04—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by shape of curved cross-section, e.g. cans of circular or elliptical cross-section
- B65D7/045—Casks, barrels, or drums in their entirety, e.g. beer barrels, i.e. presenting most of the following features like rolling beads, double walls, reinforcing and supporting beads for end walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00018—Overall construction of the lid
- B65D2543/00064—Shape of the outer periphery
- B65D2543/00074—Shape of the outer periphery curved
- B65D2543/00092—Shape of the outer periphery curved circular
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00018—Overall construction of the lid
- B65D2543/00259—Materials used
- B65D2543/00277—Metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/0049—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the inside, or a part turned to the inside of the mouth of the container
- B65D2543/00509—Cup
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/00537—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the outside, or a part turned to the outside of the mouth of the container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/00555—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on both the inside and the outside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00953—Sealing means
- B65D2543/00962—Sealing means inserted
- B65D2543/00972—Collars or rings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a closure of a metal barrel, with a clamp, said to be "fully open”.
- the invention relates more particularly to such a device making it possible to meet requirements of increased severity in terms of safety in the field of transport of dangerous liquid materials.
- Drums with full opening are generally used for powdery or granular solids. Their use is also required when it is necessary to package liquids whose viscosity is such that the use of a 70 mm bung is improper, or when it is necessary to carry out, before use, a mixing or a setting in suspension of the transported product. Among these products, mention may in particular be made of paints, varnishes, adhesives, etc.
- Such products are often classified as dangerous or flammable in the legislation governing transport.
- drums intended for the transport of such materials which typically have a capacity greater than 100 liters, the requirements in terms of impact resistance or of sealing are particularly severe.
- the lid In barrels with clamps, the lid carries at its periphery a groove directed downwards, provided with a seal.
- the cover is placed on the barrel body so that the edge of the barrel, rolled up in a scroll, is inserted into the throat of the cover.
- the cover is held on the barrel by a clamp.
- This clamp consists of a split ring having a C section, open towards the center of the ring. It holds, by pressing them together, the cover and the edge of the barrel wall.
- the clamp can also contribute by its shape to the rigidity of assembly.
- the contact of the clamp essentially takes place with the edge of the cover, on the one hand, and with the curled edge of the barrel, on the other hand. It follows that the position of the clamp is not rigid relative to the wall of the barrel itself.
- the volute is indeed an elastic and deformable member and, moreover, the position of the cover is itself determined by the state of compression of the seal, itself, by definition, elastic and deformable.
- the utility model application DE-U-8616478 describes a container provided with a closure corresponding to the preamble of claim 1, comprising a cover and a clamp, where the lower edge of the collar is engaged in a groove making the ferrule tower. As soon as this collar is placed in the bottom of the groove, these two parts form a rigid assembly; it is therefore impossible to accentuate and control the tightness of the seal. Furthermore, if such a closure must be overpressured, the edge of the cover, not being supported laterally, deforms easily, decompressing the seal, which therefore no longer seals the assembly; in addition, the edge of the cover, stressed in tension, can slide locally out of the clamp.
- Patent GB-A-14581 A.D. 1910 describes a container with an inverted scroll, made of tinplate, the lid of which is held by a ring.
- the lower edge of this ring is resiliently engaged in a groove around the ferrule.
- the profile of the collar determines, without possibility of variation, the compression ratio of the joint; moreover, this type of closure cannot withstand high stresses, the arrangement of the elements being such that each one undergoes, independently, the forces tending to deform it.
- the object of the present invention is the production of a closure device in which the sealing means are maintained between well-defined compression values, whatever the stresses exerted on the barrel, and in which these means themselves contribute more effectively to maintaining the tightness of the barrel.
- Another object of the invention is to strengthen the assembly of the drums and their covers so that they meet these more stringent quality standards in terms of rigidity and resistance to falls.
- Another object of the invention is to obtain barrels with a capacity greater than 100 liters which better resist vertical stresses and can therefore be stacked without compromising the tightness of the closure.
- Another object of the invention is to provide such drums having a better seal and a better resistance to internal pressure.
- Another object is to achieve such closure economically.
- the present invention relates to a barrel provided with a closure device, said barrel comprising a ferrule closed at one end, the edge of the other end of this ferrule being wound in a scroll towards the outside, the closure device comprising a cover and a clamp.
- the cover has, at its periphery, an edge forming an annular groove open towards the bottom, capable of receiving the scroll-wound edge of the barrel shell, this edge comprising a cylindrical crown directed upwards, the top is connected, via an upper annular part directed towards the outside of the cover, to a flange directed downwards; said annular groove is provided with an elastic seal.
- the clamp consists of a split ring having a C-shaped section, the opening of this C being turned towards the center of the ring, this clamp consisting of an upper band, a middle part and of a lower band ending in a free edge, the upper band and the lower band of the clamp pressing respectively on the upper annular part of the edge of the cover and on the lower part of the curled edge of the barrel shell .
- the ferrule comprises abutment means arranged under the scroll-wound edge of the ferrule, these abutment means determining an annular concavity turned towards the outside of the barrel.
- the dimensions of the clamp are such that, when it is tightened in place, the free edge of its lower strip is engaged in the annular concavity, the diameter of this free edge being greater than the diameter of the bottom of this concavity, the width of the concavity being such that it allows an axial displacement of the collar relative to the shell so that when the collar moves up or down under the effect of a vertical stress, the free edge abuts against the stop means, thus limiting the movement of this collar relative to the ferrule.
- Said annular concavity is therefore delimited by upper stop means and lower stop means.
- the distance between the upper and lower stop means is such that it allows axial movement of the collar relative to the ferrule, so that when a stress with a vertical component tends to modify the compression ratio of the seal elastic, the free edge of the lower band of the clamping collar abuts against one or other of these abutment means while maintaining the variation of this compression ratio between predetermined and relatively narrow limits.
- said annular concavity consists of an annular groove formed in the shell, by discharge towards the interior thereof.
- the height of the cylindrical crown of the cover is such that, when the clamp is tightened in place, the base of this cylindrical crown bears on the annular bead formed by the reverse of said annular groove, projecting towards the inside of the shell.
- Said annular concavity can also consist of the space between two neighboring annular beads projecting towards the outside of the shell.
- the ferrule may further comprise an annular bead projecting towards the inside of the ferrule, this annular bead being arranged at a height such that, when the clamp is tightened in place, the base of the cylindrical crown of the cover is supported on this annular bead.
- both the annular bead projecting towards the inside of the ferrule and the neighboring annular beads projecting towards the outside of the ferrule may possibly not be continuous around the entire periphery of the ferrule. They can, in fact, consist of a series of more or less wide and more or less spaced bosses arranged one after the other.
- the upper annular part of the edge of the cover has a curved section, convex upwards.
- the upper annular part of the edge of the cover has the shape of a flat ring.
- the middle part of the clamping collar may have a curved section, convex towards the outside, adapted to the curved section of the upper part of the edge of the cover and can also rest against the ledge down the cover when the hose clamp is tightened in place.
- the upper band of the clamp has the shape of a flat ring
- the middle part is of cylindrical shape
- the lower band is inclined downward along a surface. frusto-conical, the middle part pressing against the edge directed downwards of the cover, when the clamp is tightened in place. It should be noted that this type of clamp can be used both with covers whose upper annular part of the edge is curved as with covers whose upper annular part has the shape of a flat ring.
- the flange directed towards the bottom of the cover has a height greater than the two third of the height of the middle part of the clamp.
- the upper band of the clamp exceeds, in the direction of the axis of the barrel, the cylindrical surface defined by the crown directed towards the top of the cover, when the clamp is tightened in place.
- the cylindrical crown directed towards the top of the cover has a height equal to at least 1.5 times (and, for example, equal to approximately 2 times) the distance which, when the barrel is closed with the clamp tightened in place, separates the upper annular part of the cover and the lower part of the volute from the ferrule.
- the flange directed downwards from the cover has a height such that, when the barrel is closed with the clamp tightened in place, its lower end extends downwards beyond a horizontal plane passing through the center of the volute of the ferrule.
- the elastic seal has a section comprising a central part adapted to the shape of the bottom of the groove of the edge of the cover, this central part carrying two lips of unequal length which thin towards their end. , the shortest lip resting against the crown pointing towards the top of the cover, the longest lip pressing against the edge directed towards the bottom of the cover. It may be particularly advantageous for the longest lip of the seal to protrude beyond the groove of the edge of the cover, so as to be clamped between the flange directed downwards from the cover and the volute of the ferrule.
- the groove of the edge of the cover has a width such that the edge wound in a volute of the barrel shell can engage in friction there.
- Another advantage is that, as the clamp remains movable relative to the ferrule, it is possible, using a dynamometric tool for example, to measure very precisely the clamping of the clamp and therefore use parts of mechanical dimensions and characteristics with a certain tolerance, while keeping a perfectly reproducible seal quality.
- stop means also participate in the rigidity of the closure device.
- Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a barrel closure of the prior art.
- Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of a barrel closure according to the prior art when the barrel is subjected to compression.
- Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of a barrel closure according to the prior art when the barrel is subjected to an internal overpressure.
- Figs 4 to 7 are partial sectional views of four different embodiments of the barrel provided with the closure device according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a barrel according to the prior art, closed by a cover 1 which is clamped in place by a clamp 2.
- the shell 3 of the barrel is bordered by a volute 4 wound towards the outside.
- the cover 1 comprises a central disc 5 which is connected peripherally to the base of a crown 6.
- the top of this crown is extended by an upper annular part 7 of curved section, the end of which is folded down so as to forming an outer rim 8 substantially parallel to the crown 6.
- the crown 6, the curved part 7 and the outer rim 8 determine a groove 9 in which a seal 10 is placed.
- the clamp 2 consists of a split ring; its section affects the shape of a C, the opening of this C being turned towards the center of the ring.
- This clamp 2 consists of an upper band 11 which has the shape of a flat ring, a middle part 12 which is cylindrical in shape and a lower band 13 which is inclined downwards along a surface. tapered.
- clamp 2 once in place and tightened by clamping means (not shown) such as bolt or lever closure, keeps in place, hermetically, the cover 1 on the barrel.
- the rigidity of the assembly is reinforced by giving the crown 6 of the cover 1 an increased height (here, almost 2 times the distance between the upper annular part 7 of the cover 1 and the lower part of the scroll 4).
- the clamp 2 does not come into contact with the side wall of the barrel, the volute 4 being a member offering an elastic support to the frustoconical band 13.
- Fig. 2 illustrates the effects on a barrel provided with a closure according to the prior art, of a force 14, 15 directed downwards, applied to the cover 1 or to the collar 2 (for example following a stacking ).
- the clamp 2 undergoes a downward translation.
- the cover 1 tends to sink further into the body of the barrel.
- the volute 4 sinks into the groove 9 and crushes the seal 10 at the bottom of this groove 9.
- the seal 10 can no longer resume its initial shape after the stresses have disappeared 14,15.
- the scroll 4 is unable to compensate for the loss of elasticity of the seal 10, and this results in a loss of sealing of the closure.
- Fig. 3 illustrates the effect of reverse stress on the cover 1, due to an internal overpressure 16 in the barrel according to the prior art.
- the cover 1 pushes the clamping collar 2 upwards, which reduces the compression of the seal 10.
- the frustoconical band 13 of the clamping collar 2 forces the volute 4 to tighten.
- the internal pressure 16 ceases to urge the cover 1 upwards, the latter tends to return to its initial position.
- the configuration of the volute 4 having changed, the seal 10 is no longer compressed in the same way, which can also affect the tightness of the closure.
- Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of a barrel provided with a closure device according to the invention.
- the upper annular part of the cover 1 has the shape of a flat ring 17.
- the clamp 18 is similar in shape to that shown in Figs. 1 to 3, but the frustoconical lower strip 19 is wider and its free edge 20 is engaged in an annular groove 21 formed in the shell 3 under the volute 4. It will however be noted that the free edge 20 does not touch the bottom of the groove 21. In fact, when the clamp 18 is tightened in place, the diameter of this free edge 20 is less than the diameter of the cylindrical part of the ferrule 3, but greater than the diameter of the bottom of the annular groove 21 which there is formed.
- the height of the crown 6 of the cover 1 is such that its base bears on the annular bead 22 which is the reverse of the annular groove 21.
- the free edge 20 of the frusto-conical band 19 is engaged without significant contact over its entire periphery in the annular groove 21. If a load 15 is applied from top to bottom on the clamp 18, the collar 18 as a whole moves downwards, the free edge 20 abutting against the lower flank of the annular groove 21; the load 15 is transmitted via the frustoconical lower band 19 directly to the shell 3 of the barrel, without affecting the geometry of the closure and practically without altering the compression ratio of the seal 23.
- the gain in rigidity provided by this type of closure to the entire barrel is sufficiently large (especially for the resistance of the barrel in the event of a fall), so that at equal performance, it is possible to use a thinner sheet for the barrel and / or for cover 1.
- this seal 23 which practically fills the space between the volute 4, the groove 9 and the clamp 18 has in fact an asymmetrical section which, in association with the stop means, contributes so important to the tightness of the closure.
- the seal 23 has a section comprising a central part adapted to the shape of the bottom of the groove 6 of the cover 1 associated with two asymmetrical lips 24, 25.
- the lip 25 placed towards the outside of the throat is longer and has a larger section.
- This external lip 25 is wedged between the volute 4 and the end of the external rim 8.
- the two lips 24, 25 have the effect of obtaining a compression rate that is substantially uniform over the entire width of the zone between the groove 9 and the volute 4.
- the external lip 25 is all the more compressed, by leverage, that the cover 1 is biased by an internal pressure 16. This effect plays all the more as the clamp 18 is retained at the base in the annular groove 21 and it continues to play even if the pressure becomes sufficient to cause the central disc to bulge 5.
- the fulcrum offered by the annular groove 21 prevents relative pivoting of the clamping collar 18, so that the rim 8 of the cover cannot escape, while the outer lip 25 of the seal 23 continues to provide sufficient seal upon closing.
- Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the barrel closure according to the invention, with a clamp 26 of different section.
- This clamp 26 includes an upper band 27 in the form of a flat ring, a central portion 28 of curved section, convex towards the outside and a band lower 29 in the form of a flat ring.
- the upper annular part 7 of the edge of the cover 1 has a curved section, convex upwards.
- the middle part 28 of the clamping collar bears against the upper annular part 7 and against the rim 8 of the cover 1.
- the free edge 30 of the lower band 29 of the clamping collar 26 is engaged in an annular groove 21 formed in the ferrule 3.
- Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the invention, in which the movements of the clamp 2 are no longer limited by an annular groove, but by annular beads 31, 32 projecting around the periphery of the ferrule 3.
- the interval between these two beads 31.32 delimits an annular concavity 33 in which the free edge 34 of the lower strip 13 of the collar 2 is engaged without contact.
- peripheral beads 31, 32 can perfectly be produced in discontinuous form and have the form of spaced segments projecting around the periphery of the shell 3 or even that of two dotted lines in relief.
- Fig. 7 shows that it is perfectly possible to combine the two embodiments, namely an annular groove 37 formed between two peripheral beads 31, 32 which allows, all things being equal, to obtain a deeper annular concavity (therefore, to limit the movements of the clamp 2) more effectively and to hinder the movements of the cover 1 downwards thanks to the annular bead 38 which is the reverse of the annular groove 37.
- the width of the concavity determines the "travel" allowed for the free edge 34, which corresponds to the dimensional variations tolerated for the seal 23 once the collar 2 is put in place.
- the upper strip 11 of the clamp 2 exceeds, by its lower side 39, the cylindrical surface defined by the crown 6 of the cover 1, which gives increased rigidity to the clamp 2.
- the lower end of the rim 8 of the cover 1 extends, downwards, beyond a horizontal plane passing through the center of the volute 4.
- the shape, the reciprocal arrangement and the respective dimensions of the constituent parts of the edge of the shell 3, of the edge of the cover 1 and of the clamp 2 are such that these various parts support each other and form a compact assembly having a very good mechanical resistance, as shown in numerous tests where filled and closed barrels were subjected to shocks or falls. Even when under the effect of these shocks or falls, the upper edge of the barrel sometimes deforms, the cover 9 is held in place and the seal remains ensured.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne une fermeture de fût métallique, à collier de serrage, dit "à ouverture totale". L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un tel dispositif permettant de répondre à des exigences d'une sévérité accrue en matière de sécurité dans le domaine du transport de matières liquides dangereuses.The invention relates to a closure of a metal barrel, with a clamp, said to be "fully open". The invention relates more particularly to such a device making it possible to meet requirements of increased severity in terms of safety in the field of transport of dangerous liquid materials.
Les fûts à ouverture totale sont, en général utilisés pour des matières solides pulvérulentes ou granuleuses. Leur usage est également requis lorsqu'il faut emballer des liquides dont la viscosité est telle que l'usage d'une bonde de 70 mm est impropre, ou encore lorsqu'il est nécessaire de procéder, avant usage, à un mélange ou une mise en suspension du produit transporté. Parmi ces produits, on peut citer notamment des peintures, des vernis, des adhésifs, etc.Drums with full opening are generally used for powdery or granular solids. Their use is also required when it is necessary to package liquids whose viscosity is such that the use of a 70 mm bung is improper, or when it is necessary to carry out, before use, a mixing or a setting in suspension of the transported product. Among these products, mention may in particular be made of paints, varnishes, adhesives, etc.
De tels produits sont souvent classés comme dangereux ou inflammables dans les législations régissant le transport. Pour les fûts destinés au transport de tels matériaux, qui ont, typiquement, une capacité supérieure à 100 litres, les exigences en matière de résistance aux chocs ou en matière d'étanchéité sont particulièrement sévères.Such products are often classified as dangerous or flammable in the legislation governing transport. For drums intended for the transport of such materials, which typically have a capacity greater than 100 liters, the requirements in terms of impact resistance or of sealing are particularly severe.
De multiples dispositifs ou procédés de fabrication ont déjà été expérimentés pour tenter d'accroître la robustesse et la sécurité des récipients dans cette gamme, de façon à réduire les possibilités de nuisance en matière de transport et d'environnement.Multiple devices or manufacturing methods have already been tried in an attempt to increase the robustness and security of the containers in this range, so as to reduce the possibility of nuisance in terms of transport and the environment.
Dans les fûts à collier de serrage, le couvercle porte à sa périphérie une gorge dirigée vers le bas, munie d'un joint d'étanchéité. Le couvercle est placé sur le corps du fût de façon telle que le bord du fût, enroulé en volute, vient s'insérer dans la gorge du couvercle. Le couvercle est maintenu sur le fût par un collier de serrage. Ce collier de serrage consiste en un anneau fendu présentant une section en C, ouverte vers le centre de l'anneau. Il maintient, en les serrant l'un contre l'autre, le couvercle et le bord de la paroi du fût. Le collier de serrage peut en outre contribuer par sa forme à la rigidité de l'assemblage.In barrels with clamps, the lid carries at its periphery a groove directed downwards, provided with a seal. The cover is placed on the barrel body so that the edge of the barrel, rolled up in a scroll, is inserted into the throat of the cover. The cover is held on the barrel by a clamp. This clamp consists of a split ring having a C section, open towards the center of the ring. It holds, by pressing them together, the cover and the edge of the barrel wall. The clamp can also contribute by its shape to the rigidity of assembly.
Le contact du collier de serrage s'opère essentiellement avec le bord du couvercle, d'une part, et avec le bord enroulé en volute du fût, d'autre part. Il en résulte que la position du collier de serrage n'est pas rigide par rapport à la paroi du fût elle-même. La volute est en effet un organe élastique et déformable et, par ailleurs, la position du couvercle est elle-même déterminée par l'état de compression du joint, lui-même, par définition, élastique et déformable.The contact of the clamp essentially takes place with the edge of the cover, on the one hand, and with the curled edge of the barrel, on the other hand. It follows that the position of the clamp is not rigid relative to the wall of the barrel itself. The volute is indeed an elastic and deformable member and, moreover, the position of the cover is itself determined by the state of compression of the seal, itself, by definition, elastic and deformable.
Avec ce type de fermeture, il n'y a pas de possibilité de reprise par le collier d'une partie des sollicitations qui s'exercent sans contrôle sur le joint et la volute du fût.With this type of closure, there is no possibility of recovery by the collar of a part of the stresses which are exerted without control on the joint and the volute of the barrel.
Ainsi, lorsque des fûts sont empilés, leurs poids successifs sont-ils appliqués directement sur leurs joints successifs par l'intermédiaire de leurs couvercles, au risque de les écraser ou de les dégrader à la longue.Thus, when drums are stacked, their successive weights are applied directly to their successive joints via their covers, at the risk of crushing or degrading them in the long run.
De même, l'application d'une trop forte pression intérieure dans un fût, (résultat, par exemple, d'un stockage à température élevée) a tendance à faire remonter le couvercle par rapport au corps, d'où une compression importante appliquée, via le collier de serrage, à la volute qui peut être déformée au-delà de sa limite d'élasticité.Similarly, the application of too high internal pressure in a barrel, (result, for example, of storage at high temperature) tends to raise the cover relative to the body, resulting in significant compression applied , via the clamp, to the volute which can be deformed beyond its elastic limit.
La demande de modèle d'utilité DE-U-8616478 décrit un récipient muni d'une fermeture correspondant au préambule de la revendication 1, comportant un couvercle et un collier de serrage, où le rebord inférieur du collier est engagé dans une rainure faisant le tour de la virole. Dès que ce collier est mis en place dans le fond de la rainure, ces deux pièces forment un assemblage rigide; il est donc impossible d'accentuer et de contrôler le serrage du joint. Par ailleurs, si une telle fermeture doit subir une surpression, le bord du couvercle, n'étant pas soutenu latéralement, se déforme facilement, décomprimant le joint, lequel n'assure donc plus l'étanchéité de l'assemblage; de surcroît, le bord du couvercle, sollicité en traction, peut glisser localement hors du collier de serrage.The utility model application DE-U-8616478 describes a container provided with a closure corresponding to the preamble of
Le brevet GB-A-14581 A.D. 1910 décrit un récipient à volute inversée, en fer blanc, dont le couvercle est maintenu par un anneau. Le bord inférieur de cet anneau est élastiquement engagé dans une rainure faisant le tour de la virole. Le profil du collier détermine, sans possibilité de variation, le taux de compression du joint; par ailleurs, ce type de fermeture ne peut résister à de fortes sollicitations, l'agencement des éléments étant tel que chacun subit, de façon indépendante, les efforts tendant à le déformer.Patent GB-A-14581 A.D. 1910 describes a container with an inverted scroll, made of tinplate, the lid of which is held by a ring. The lower edge of this ring is resiliently engaged in a groove around the ferrule. The profile of the collar determines, without possibility of variation, the compression ratio of the joint; moreover, this type of closure cannot withstand high stresses, the arrangement of the elements being such that each one undergoes, independently, the forces tending to deform it.
Le but de la présente invention est la réalisation d'un dispositif de fermeture dans lequel les moyens d'étanchéité sont maintenus entre des valeurs de compression bien délimitées, quelles que soient les contraintes exercées sur le fût, et dans lequel ces moyens eux-mêmes contribuent de façon plus efficace à maintenir l'étanchéité du fût.The object of the present invention is the production of a closure device in which the sealing means are maintained between well-defined compression values, whatever the stresses exerted on the barrel, and in which these means themselves contribute more effectively to maintaining the tightness of the barrel.
Un autre but de l'invention est de renforcer l'assemblage des fûts et de leurs couvercles de manière à ce qu'ils répondent à ces normes de qualité plus sévères en matière de rigidité et de résistance aux chutes.Another object of the invention is to strengthen the assembly of the drums and their covers so that they meet these more stringent quality standards in terms of rigidity and resistance to falls.
Un autre but de l'invention est d'obtenir des fûts d'une capacité supérieure à 100 litres résistant mieux à des sollicitations verticales et pouvant donc être empiles sans compromettre l'étanchéité de la fermeture.Another object of the invention is to obtain barrels with a capacity greater than 100 liters which better resist vertical stresses and can therefore be stacked without compromising the tightness of the closure.
Un autre but de l'invention est de procurer de tels fûts présentant une meilleure étanchéité et une meilleure tenue à la pression interne.Another object of the invention is to provide such drums having a better seal and a better resistance to internal pressure.
Un autre but est de réaliser une telle fermeture de façon économique.Another object is to achieve such closure economically.
La présente invention a pour objet un fût muni d'un dispositif de fermeture, ledit fût comportant une virole fermée à une extrémité, le bord de l'autre extrémité de cette virole étant enroulé en volute vers l'extérieur, le dispositif de fermeture comportant un couvercle et un collier de serrage. Le couvercle a, à sa périphérie, un bord formant une gorge annulaire ouverte vers le bas, apte à recevoir le bord enroulé en volute de la virole du fût, ce bord comportant une couronne cylindrique dirigée vers le haut, dont le sommet est raccordé, par l'intermédiaire d'une partie annulaire supérieure dirigée vers l'extérieur du couvercle, à un rebord dirigé vers le bas; ladite gorge annulaire est garnie d'un joint d'étanchéité élastique. Le collier de serrage consiste en un anneau fendu présentant une section en forme de C, l'ouverture de ce C étant tournée vers le centre de l'anneau, ce collier de serrage étant constitué d'une bande supérieure, d'une partie médiane et d'une bande inférieure se terminant par un bord libre, la bande supérieure et la bande inférieure du collier de serrage appuyant respectivement sur la partie annulaire supérieure du bord du couvercle et sur la partie inférieure du bord enroulé en volute de la virole du fût. La virole comporte des moyens de butée disposés sous le bord enroulé en volute de la virole, ces moyens de butée déterminant une concavité annulaire tournée vers l'extérieur du fût. Les dimensions du collier de serrage sont telles que, lorsqu'il est serré en place, le bord libre de sa bande inférieure est engagé dans la concavité annulaire, le diamètre de ce bord libre étant supérieur au diamètre du fond de cette concavité, la largeur de la concavité étant telle qu'elle permet un déplacement axial du collier par rapport à la virole de sorte que lorsque le collier se déplace vers le haut ou vers le bas sous l'effet d'une sollicitation verticale, le bord libre vienne buter contre les moyens de butée, limitant ainsi le déplacement de ce collier par rapport à la virole.The present invention relates to a barrel provided with a closure device, said barrel comprising a ferrule closed at one end, the edge of the other end of this ferrule being wound in a scroll towards the outside, the closure device comprising a cover and a clamp. The cover has, at its periphery, an edge forming an annular groove open towards the bottom, capable of receiving the scroll-wound edge of the barrel shell, this edge comprising a cylindrical crown directed upwards, the top is connected, via an upper annular part directed towards the outside of the cover, to a flange directed downwards; said annular groove is provided with an elastic seal. The clamp consists of a split ring having a C-shaped section, the opening of this C being turned towards the center of the ring, this clamp consisting of an upper band, a middle part and of a lower band ending in a free edge, the upper band and the lower band of the clamp pressing respectively on the upper annular part of the edge of the cover and on the lower part of the curled edge of the barrel shell . The ferrule comprises abutment means arranged under the scroll-wound edge of the ferrule, these abutment means determining an annular concavity turned towards the outside of the barrel. The dimensions of the clamp are such that, when it is tightened in place, the free edge of its lower strip is engaged in the annular concavity, the diameter of this free edge being greater than the diameter of the bottom of this concavity, the width of the concavity being such that it allows an axial displacement of the collar relative to the shell so that when the collar moves up or down under the effect of a vertical stress, the free edge abuts against the stop means, thus limiting the movement of this collar relative to the ferrule.
Ladite concavité annulaire est donc délimitée par des moyens de butée supérieurs et des moyens de butée inférieurs. La distance entre les moyens de butée supérieurs et inférieurs est telle qu'elle permet un déplacement axial du collier par rapport à la virole, de sorte que, lorsqu'une contrainte à composante verticale tend à modifier le taux de compression du joint d'étanchéité élastique, le bord libre de la bande inférieure du collier de serrage vient buter contre l'un ou l'autre de ces moyens de butée en maintenant la variation de ce taux de compression entre des limites prédéterminées et relativement étroites.Said annular concavity is therefore delimited by upper stop means and lower stop means. The distance between the upper and lower stop means is such that it allows axial movement of the collar relative to the ferrule, so that when a stress with a vertical component tends to modify the compression ratio of the seal elastic, the free edge of the lower band of the clamping collar abuts against one or other of these abutment means while maintaining the variation of this compression ratio between predetermined and relatively narrow limits.
Suivant une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, ladite concavité annulaire consiste en une gorge annulaire formée dans la virole, par refoulement vers l'intérieur de celle-ci.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said annular concavity consists of an annular groove formed in the shell, by discharge towards the interior thereof.
Suivant un mode de réalisation préféré, la hauteur de la couronne cylindrique du couvercle est telle que, lorsque le collier de serrage est serré en place, la base de cette couronne cylindrique prend appui sur le bourrelet annulaire formé par le revers de ladite gorge annulaire, saillant vers l'intérieur de la virole.According to a preferred embodiment, the height of the cylindrical crown of the cover is such that, when the clamp is tightened in place, the base of this cylindrical crown bears on the annular bead formed by the reverse of said annular groove, projecting towards the inside of the shell.
Ladite concavité annulaire peut également consister en l'espace entre deux bourrelets annulaires voisins faisant saillie vers l'extérieur de la virole. Dans ce cas, il peut être avantageux que la virole comporte en outre un bourrelet annulaire saillant vers l'intérieur de la virole, ce bourrelet annulaire étant disposé à une hauteur telle que, lorsque le collier de serrage est serré en place, la base de la couronne cylindrique du couvercle prend appui sur ce bourrelet annulaire. Il est à noter que, tant le bourrelet annulaire saillant vers l'intérieur de la virole que les bourrelets annulaires voisins faisant saillie vers l'extérieur de la virole peuvent éventuellement ne pas être continus sur tout le pourtour de la virole. Ils peuvent, en effet, consister en une série de bossages plus ou moins larges et plus ou moins espacés disposés à la suite les uns des autres.Said annular concavity can also consist of the space between two neighboring annular beads projecting towards the outside of the shell. In this case, it may be advantageous for the ferrule to further comprise an annular bead projecting towards the inside of the ferrule, this annular bead being arranged at a height such that, when the clamp is tightened in place, the base of the cylindrical crown of the cover is supported on this annular bead. It should be noted that both the annular bead projecting towards the inside of the ferrule and the neighboring annular beads projecting towards the outside of the ferrule may possibly not be continuous around the entire periphery of the ferrule. They can, in fact, consist of a series of more or less wide and more or less spaced bosses arranged one after the other.
Suivant une forme particulière de réalisation, la partie annulaire supérieure du bord du couvercle présente une section courbe, convexe vers le haut.According to a particular embodiment, the upper annular part of the edge of the cover has a curved section, convex upwards.
Suivant une forme préférée de réalisation, la partie annulaire supérieure du bord du couvercle a la forme d'un anneau plat.According to a preferred embodiment, the upper annular part of the edge of the cover has the shape of a flat ring.
Lorsque la partie annulaire supérieure du bord du couvercle présente une section courbe, convexe vers le haut, la partie médiane du collier de serrage peut présenter une section courbe, convexe vers l'extérieur, adaptée à la section courbe de la partie supérieure du bord du couvercle et peut également prendre appui contre le rebord dirige vers le bas du couvercle, lorsque le collier de serrage est serré en place.When the upper annular part of the edge of the cover has a curved section, convex upwards, the middle part of the clamping collar may have a curved section, convex towards the outside, adapted to the curved section of the upper part of the edge of the cover and can also rest against the ledge down the cover when the hose clamp is tightened in place.
Suivant une forme d'exécution préferée, la bande supérieure du collier de serrage a la forme d'un anneau plat, la partie médiane est de forme cylindrique et la bande inférieure est inclinée vers le bas suivant une surface tronconique, la partie médiane prenant appui contre le rebord dirigé vers le bas du couvercle, lorsque le collier de serrage est serré en place. Il est à noter que ce type de collier de serrage peut être utilise aussi bien avec des couvercles dont la partie annulaire supérieure du bord est courbe qu'avec des couvercles dont la partie annulaire supérieure a la forme d'un anneau plat.According to a preferred embodiment, the upper band of the clamp has the shape of a flat ring, the middle part is of cylindrical shape and the lower band is inclined downward along a surface. frusto-conical, the middle part pressing against the edge directed downwards of the cover, when the clamp is tightened in place. It should be noted that this type of clamp can be used both with covers whose upper annular part of the edge is curved as with covers whose upper annular part has the shape of a flat ring.
Lorsqu'un collier de serrage du type décrit en dernier lieu est utilisé avec un couvercle dont la partie annulaire supérieure a la forme d'un anneau plat, il est généralement avantageux que le rebord dirigé vers le bas du couvercle ait une hauteur supérieure aux deux tiers de la hauteur de la partie médiane du collier de serrage.When a hose clamp of the type described last is used with a cover whose upper annular part has the shape of a flat ring, it is generally advantageous that the flange directed towards the bottom of the cover has a height greater than the two third of the height of the middle part of the clamp.
Suivant une forme d'exécution avantageuse, la bande supérieure du collier de serrage dépasse, en direction de l'axe du fût, la surface cylindrique définie par la couronne dirigée vers le haut du couvercle, lorsque le collier de serrage est serré en place.According to an advantageous embodiment, the upper band of the clamp exceeds, in the direction of the axis of the barrel, the cylindrical surface defined by the crown directed towards the top of the cover, when the clamp is tightened in place.
Suivant une forme de réalisation particulière, la couronne cylindrique dirigée vers le haut du couvercle a une hauteur égale à au moins 1,5 fois (et, par exemple, égale à environ 2 fois) la distance qui, lorsque le fût est fermé avec le collier de serrage serré en place, sépare la partie annulaire supérieure du couvercle et la partie inférieure de la volute de la virole.According to a particular embodiment, the cylindrical crown directed towards the top of the cover has a height equal to at least 1.5 times (and, for example, equal to approximately 2 times) the distance which, when the barrel is closed with the clamp tightened in place, separates the upper annular part of the cover and the lower part of the volute from the ferrule.
Suivant une forme d'exécution préférée, le rebord dirigé vers le bas du couvercle a une hauteur telle que, lorsque le fût est fermé avec le collier de serrage serré en place, son extrémité inférieure s'étend vers le bas au-delà d'un plan horizontal passant par le centre de la volute de la virole.According to a preferred embodiment, the flange directed downwards from the cover has a height such that, when the barrel is closed with the clamp tightened in place, its lower end extends downwards beyond a horizontal plane passing through the center of the volute of the ferrule.
Suivant une forme de réalisation avantageuse, le joint d'étanchéité élastique présente une section comportant une partie centrale adaptée à la forme du fond de la gorge du bord du couvercle, cette partie centrale portant deux lèvres de longueur inégale qui s'amincissent vers leur extrémité, la lèvre la plus courte s'appuyant contre la couronne dirigée vers le haut du couvercle, la lèvre la plus longue s'appuyant contre le rebord dirigé vers le bas du couvercle. Il peut être particulièrement avantageux que la lèvre la plus longue du joint d'étanchéité dépasse la gorge du bord du couvercle, de façon à être serré entre le rebord dirigé vers le bas du couvercle et la volute de la virole.According to an advantageous embodiment, the elastic seal has a section comprising a central part adapted to the shape of the bottom of the groove of the edge of the cover, this central part carrying two lips of unequal length which thin towards their end. , the shortest lip resting against the crown pointing towards the top of the cover, the longest lip pressing against the edge directed towards the bottom of the cover. It may be particularly advantageous for the longest lip of the seal to protrude beyond the groove of the edge of the cover, so as to be clamped between the flange directed downwards from the cover and the volute of the ferrule.
Suivant une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, la gorge du bord du couvercle a une largeur telle que le bord enroulé en volute de la virole du fût puisse s'y engager à frottement.According to another variant embodiment of the invention, the groove of the edge of the cover has a width such that the edge wound in a volute of the barrel shell can engage in friction there.
Parmi les avantages de l'invention, on peut citer le fait le le joint, indépendamment des sollicitations, ne subit qu'une variation de compression très limitée, et que l'effet du vieillissement est donc peu marqué.Among the advantages of the invention, we can cite the fact that the joint, independently of the stresses, undergoes only a very limited variation in compression, and that the effect of aging is therefore not very marked.
Un autre avantage est que le bon ajustement du couvercle sur le fût est beaucoup plus facile à contrôler car si la mise en place est incorrecte, il est impossible de serrer le collier de serrage dont le bord libre de la bande inférieure buterait contre la virole.Another advantage is that the correct fit of the lid on the barrel is much easier to control because if the installation is incorrect, it is impossible to tighten the clamp whose free edge of the lower strip would abut against the ferrule.
Un autre avantage réside en ce que, comme le collier de serrage reste mobile par rapport à la virole, il est possible, à l'aide d'un outil dynamométrique par exemple, de doser de façon très précise le serrage du collier et d'utiliser donc des pièces de dimensions et de caractéristiques mécaniques présentant une certaine tolérance, tout en gardant une qualité d'étanchéité parfaitement reproductible.Another advantage is that, as the clamp remains movable relative to the ferrule, it is possible, using a dynamometric tool for example, to measure very precisely the clamping of the clamp and therefore use parts of mechanical dimensions and characteristics with a certain tolerance, while keeping a perfectly reproducible seal quality.
Un autre avantage est que outre leur fonction propre, les moyens de butée participent également à la rigidité du dispositif de fermeture.Another advantage is that in addition to their own function, the stop means also participate in the rigidity of the closure device.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description ci-après de formes d'exécution particulières, référence étant faite aux dessins, dans lesquels :Other particularities and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description below of particular embodiments, reference being made to the drawings, in which:
La Fig. 1 est une vue partielle en coupe d'une fermeture de fût de l'art antérieur.Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a barrel closure of the prior art.
La Fig. 2 est une vue partielle en coupe d'une fermeture de fût selon l'art antérieur lorsque le fût est soumis à la compression.Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of a barrel closure according to the prior art when the barrel is subjected to compression.
La Fig. 3 est une vue partielle en coupe d'une fermeture de fût selon l'art antérieur lorsque le fût est soumis à une surpression interne.Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of a barrel closure according to the prior art when the barrel is subjected to an internal overpressure.
Les Figs 4 à 7 sont des vues partielles en coupe de quatre formes d'exécution différentes du fût muni du dispositif de fermeture suivant l'invention.Figs 4 to 7 are partial sectional views of four different embodiments of the barrel provided with the closure device according to the invention.
La Fig. 1 est une vue partielle en coupe d'un fût suivant l'art antérieur, fermé par un couvercle 1 qui est serré en place par un collier de serrage 2.Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a barrel according to the prior art, closed by a
La virole 3 du fût est bordée par une volute 4 enroulée vers l'extérieur. Le couvercle 1 comporte un disque central 5 qui se raccorde périphériquement à la base d'une couronne 6. Le haut de cette couronne est prolongé par une partie annulaire supérieure 7 de section courbe, dont l'extrémité est rabattue vers le bas de façon à former un rebord extérieur 8 sensiblement parallèle à la couronne 6. La couronne 6, la partie incurvée 7 et le rebord extérieur 8 déterminent une gorge 9 dans laquelle est placé un joint 10.The
Le collier de serrage 2 consiste en un anneau fendu; sa section affecte la forme d'un C, l'ouverture de ce C étant tournée vers le centre de l'anneau.The
Ce collier de serrage 2 est constitué d'une bande supérieure 11 qui a la forme d'un anneau plat, d'une partie médiane 12 qui est de forme cylindrique et d'une bande inférieure 13 qui est inclinée vers le bas suivant une surface tronconique.This
Le collier de serrage 2, une fois mis en place et serré par des moyens de serrage (non représentés) tels que fermeture à boulon ou à levier, maintient en place, de façon hermétique, le couvercle 1 sur le fût.The
Cette immobilisation relative est obtenue par le serrage de la partie supérieure 7 du couvercle 1 du joint 10 et de la volute 4 entre l'anneau plat 11 et la bande tronconique 13, et par le contact de la partie médiane cylindrique 12 du collier 2 contre le rebord 8 du couvercle 1.This relative immobilization is obtained by tightening the
Suivant une pratique connue, la rigidité de l'assemblage est renforcée en donnant à la couronne 6 du couvercle 1 une hauteur accrue (ici, près de 2 fois la distance qui sépare la partie annulaire supérieure 7 du couvercle 1 et la partie inférieure de la volute 4).According to known practice, the rigidity of the assembly is reinforced by giving the
Comme il ressort de la Fig. 1, le collier de serrage 2 suivant l'art antérieur n'entre pas en contact avec la paroi latérale du fût, la volute 4 étant un organe offrant un support élastique à la bande tronconique 13.As shown in FIG. 1, the
La Fig. 2 illustre les effets sur un fût doté d'une fermeture suivant l'art antérieur, d'une force 14,15 dirigée vers le bas, appliquée sur le couvercle 1 ou sur le collier 2 (par exemple à la suite d'un empilement).Fig. 2 illustrates the effects on a barrel provided with a closure according to the prior art, of a
Le collier de serrage 2 subit une translation vers le bas. Le couvercle 1 a tendance à s'enfoncer davantage dans le corps du fût. La volute 4 s'enfonce dans la gorge 9 et écrase le joint 10 au fond de cette gorge 9.The
Au-delà d'une certaine limite, le joint 10 ne peut plus reprendre sa forme initiale après disparition des sollicitations 14,15. La volute 4 est incapable de compenser la perte d'élasticité du joint 10, et il en résulte une perte d'étanchéité de la fermeture.Beyond a certain limit, the
La Fig. 3 illustre l'effet d'une sollicitation inverse sur le couvercle 1, due à une surpression interne 16 dans le fût suivant l'art antérieur. Sous l'effet de la surpression 16, le couvercle 1 repousse le collier de serrage 2 vers le haut, ce qui réduit la compression du joint 10. La bande tronconique 13 du collier de serrage 2 force la volute 4 à se reserrer. Lorsque la pression interne 16 cesse de solliciter le couvercle 1 vers le haut, celui-ci tend à reprendre sa position initiale. Toutefois, la configuration de la volute 4 ayant changé, le joint 10 n'est plus comprimé de la même façon, ce qui peut également altérer l'étanchéité de la fermeture.Fig. 3 illustrates the effect of reverse stress on the
On constate par ailleurs que si la pression 16 devient suffisamment forte pour que le disque central 5 se mette à bomber (en entraînant le retournement de la couronne 6), l'étanchéité du fût est tout à fait compromise puisque le joint 10 est à ce moment décomprimé et qu'il ne peut plus empêcher le passage du contenu entre la gorge 9 déployée et la volute 4.We also note that if the
La Fig. 4 est une vue partielle en coupe d'un fût muni d'un dispositif de fermeture suivant l'invention.Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of a barrel provided with a closure device according to the invention.
Dans la forme d'exécution montrée sur cette figure, la partie annulaire supérieure du couvercle 1 a la forme d'un anneau plat 17. Le collier de serrage 18 est de forme analogue à celui montré sur les Figs. 1 à 3, mais la bande inférieure tronconique 19 est plus large et son bord libre 20 est engagé dans une gorge annulaire 21 formée dans la virole 3 sous la volute 4. On remarquera toutefois que le bord libre 20 ne touche pas le fond de la gorge 21. En effet, lorsque le collier de serrage 18 est serré en place, le diamètre de ce bord libre 20 est inférieur au diamètre de la partie cylindrique de la virole 3, mais supérieur au diamètre du fond de la gorge annulaire 21 qui y est formée.In the embodiment shown in this figure, the upper annular part of the
On peut également remarquer que la hauteur de la couronne 6 du couvercle 1 est telle que sa base prend appui sur le bourrelet annulaire 22 qui est le revers de la gorge annulaire 21.It can also be noted that the height of the
En l'absence de sollicitation, le bord libre 20 de la bande tronconique 19 est engagé sans contact notable sur tout son pourtour dans la gorge annulaire 21. Si l'on applique une charge 15 de haut en bas sur le collier de serrage 18, le collier 18 dans son ensemble se déplace vers le bas, le bord libre 20 venant buter contre le flanc inférieur de la gorge annulaire 21; la charge 15 est transmise via la bande inférieure tronconique 19 directement à la virole 3 du fût, sans affecter la géométrie de la fermeture et pratiquement sans altérer le taux de compression du joint 23.In the absence of stress, the
Si une charge 14 est appliquée vers le bas, directement sur le couvercle 1, l'angle formé par le disque central 5 et la couronne 6 du couvercle 1 vient buter contre le bourrelet annulaire 22 formé du côte interne de la virole 3, par le revers de la gorge annulaire 21, sans que le joint 23 en soit affecté.If a
Dans ce cas comme dans le précédent, l'intégrité du joint 23 est préservée, il n'est pas malmené et conserve ses propriétés élastiques.In this case as in the previous one, the integrity of the
Si le couvercle 1 subit une poussée 16 vers le haut, due par exemple à une surpression dans le fût, cette poussée 16 est transmise par la couronne 6 et l'anneau plat 17 vers le collier de serrage 18. Le déplacement de celui-ci vers le haut est cependant limité, puisqu'il est retenu par le bord libre 20 de la bande tronconique 19 qui vient buter contre le flanc supérieur de la gorge annulaire 21; le diamètre de ce bord libre 20 l'empêche en effet le ressortir de la gorge annulaire 21. Il ne peut donc se produire ni déformation dommageable de la volute 4 ni décompression du joint 23 et le fût conserve donc son étancheité.If the
On remarquera que dans le dispositif de fermeture montré à la fig. 4, l'anneau plat 11 et la partie médiane cylindrique 12 du collier de serrage 18 prennent respectivement appui contre l'anneau plat 17 et le rebord cylindrique 8 du bord du couvercle 1.Note that in the closure device shown in fig. 4, the
L'ensemble de ces dispositions et également la gorge annulaire 21 provoquent un raidissement de la structure de la partie supérieure du fût et du dispositif de fermeture, en dépit du fait que la couronne 6 du couvercle 1 est moins haute que pour le couvercle montre à la fig. 1 (ce qui permet, en outre, de réaliser une économie de métal).All of these arrangements and also the
Le gain de rigidité apporté par ce type de fermeture à l'ensemble du fût est suffisamment important (surtout pour la résistance du fût en cas de chute), pour qu'à performances égales, on puisse utiliser une tôle plus mince pour le fût et/ou pour le couvercle 1.The gain in rigidity provided by this type of closure to the entire barrel is sufficiently large (especially for the resistance of the barrel in the event of a fall), so that at equal performance, it is possible to use a thinner sheet for the barrel and / or for
Comme on peut le voir en comparant une fermeture telle que montrée sur la fig. 4 à celle suivant l'art antérieur, la volute 4 est peu engagée dans la gorge 9. On obtient néanmoins une excellente étanchéité due à la constance de la pression exercée sur le joint 23 et à la forme même de ce joint 23. Dans la fermeture suivant l'invention, ce joint 23, qui remplit pratiquement l'espace compris entre la volute 4, la gorge 9 et le collier de serrage 18 présente en fait une section dissymétrique qui, en association avec les moyens de butée, contribue de façon importante à l'étanchéité de la fermeture. Lorsqu'il se trouve à l'état non comprimé le joint 23 présente une section comportant une partie centrale adaptée à la forme du fond de la gorge 6 du couvercle 1 associée à deux lèvres dissymétriques 24, 25. La lèvre 25 placée vers l'extérieur de la gorge est plus longue et présente une plus forte section. Cette lèvre externe 25 est coincée entre la volute 4 et l'extrémité du rebord extérieur 8. En conditions normales, les deux lèvres 24,25 ont pour effet d'obtenir un taux de compression sensiblement uniforme sur toute la largeur de la zone comprise entre la gorge 9 et la volute 4. Cependant la lèvre externe 25 est d'autant plus comprimée, par effet de levier, que le couvercle 1 est sollicité par une pression interne 16. Cet effet joue d'autant plus que le collier de serrage 18 est retenu à la base dans la gorge annulaire 21 et il continue à jouer même si la pression devient suffisante pour faire bomber le disque central 5. En effet le point d'appui offert par la gorge annulaire 21 empêche un pivotement relatif du collier de serrage 18, si bien que le rebord 8 du couvercle ne peut s'échapper, cependant que la lèvre externe 25 du joint 23 continue à assurer une étanchéité suffisante à la fermeture.As we can see by comparing a closure as shown in fig. 4 to that according to the prior art, the
La Fig. 5 montre une autre réalisation de la Fermeture de fût suivant l'invention, avec un collier de serrage 26 de section différente.Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the barrel closure according to the invention, with a
Ce collier de serrage 26 comprend une bande supérieure 27 en forme d'anneau plat, une partie médiane 28 de section courbe, convexe vers l'extérieur et une bande inférieure 29 en forme d'anneau plat.This
La partie annulaire supérieure 7 du bord du couvercle 1 présente une section courbe, convexe vers le haut. La partie médiane 28 du collier de serrage prend appui contre la partie annulaire supérieure 7 et contre le rebord 8 du couvercle 1. Le bord libre 30 de la bande inférieure 29 du collier de serrage 26 est engage dans une gorge annulaire 21 formée dans la virole 3.The upper
La Fig. 6 montre un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans lequel les mouvements du collier de serrage 2 sont limités non plus par une gorge annulaire, mais par des bourrelets annulaires 31,32 faisant saillie sur le pourtour de la virole 3. L'intervalle entre ces deux bourrelets 31,32 délimite une concavité annulaire 33 dans laquelle le bord libre 34 de la bande inférieure 13 du collier 2 est engagé sans contact.Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the invention, in which the movements of the
On notera que les bourrelets périphériques 31,32 peuvent parfaitement être réalisés sous forme discontinue et présenter la forme de segments espacés saillant sur le pourtour de la virole 3 ou même celle de deux lignes pointillées en relief.It will be noted that the
Le fond de la concavité annulaire 33 correspondant au diamètre initial de la virole 3, la base de la couronne 6 prend ici appui sur un bourrelet 35 qui est le revers d'une gorge annulaire 36 ménagée à cet effet, ce qui permet d'utiliser des couvercles 1 dotés d'une couronne 6 plus haute.The bottom of the
La Fig. 7 montre qu'il est parfaitement possible de combiner les deux modes de réalisation, à savoir une gorge annulaire 37 ménagée entre deux bourrelets périphériques 31,32 ce qui permet, toutes choses étant égales, d'obtenir une concavité annulaire plus profonde (donc, de limiter plus efficacement les mouvements du collier de serrage 2) et d'entraver les mouvements du couvercle 1 vers le bas grâce au bourrelet annulaire 38 qui est le revers de la gorge annulaire 37.Fig. 7 shows that it is perfectly possible to combine the two embodiments, namely an
La largeur de la concavité détermine le "debattement" admis pour le bord libre 34, lequel correspond aux variations de dimensions tolérées pour le joint 23 une fois que le collier 2 est mis en place.The width of the concavity determines the "travel" allowed for the
Dans la forme de réalisation de l'invention montrée à la Fig. 7, on remarquera, en outre, que la bande supérieure 11 du collier de serrage 2 dépasse, par son côté inférieur 39, la surface cylindrique définie par la couronne 6 du couvercle 1, ce qui procure une rigidité accrue au collier de serrage 2. En outre, l'extrémité inférieure du rebord 8 du couvercle 1 s'étend, vers le bas, au-delà d'un plan horizontal passant par le centre de la volute 4.In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 7, it will be noted, moreover, that the
La forme, l'agencement réciproque et les dimensions respectives des parties constitutives du bord de la virole 3, du bord du couvercle 1 et du collier de serrage 2 sont tels que ces diverses parties s'épaulent mutuellement et forment un ensemble compact ayant une très bonne résistance mécanique, comme l'on montré de nombreux essais où des fûts remplis et fermés étaient soumis à des chocs ou à des chutes. Même lorsque sous l'effet de ces chocs ou chutes, le bord supérieur du fût se déforme quelquefois, le couvercle 9 est maintenu en place et l'étanchéité reste assurée.The shape, the reciprocal arrangement and the respective dimensions of the constituent parts of the edge of the
Il apparaîtra immédiatement à l'homme du métier qu'un "engagement sans contact" du bord libre 34 dans la concavité annulaire n'exclut nullement un contact partiel, ou limité à un secteur (ce qui peut se produire du fait d'une légère distorsion du collier de serrage), dans la mesure où la mobilité relative du couvercle 1 n'en est pas affectée et où il reste possible d'ajuster la tension du collier, ce qui peut se faire, par exemple, à l'aide d'outils dynamométriques.It will be immediately apparent to a person skilled in the art that a "contactless engagement" of the
Claims (17)
- Barrel equipped with a closure device, the said barrel including a sleeve (3) closed at one end, the edge of the other end of this sleeve (3) being wound into a scroll (4) towards the outside, the closure device including a lid (1) and a tightening strap (2, 18, 26),- the lid (1) having, at its periphery, an edge forming an annular groove (9) open downwards, capable of receiving the scroll-wound edge (4) of the sleeve (3) of the barrel, this edge including a cylindrical collar (6) pointing upwards, the top of which is connected, through the use of an upper annular part (7, 17) pointing towards the outside of the lid (1), to a rim (8) pointing downwards, the said annular groove (9) being lined with an elastic sealing gasket (23)- the tightening strap (2, 18, 26) consisting of a split ring having a C-shaped cross-section, the opening of this C being turned towards the centre of the ring, this tightening strap (2, 18, 26) consisting of an upper strip (11, 27), of a middle part (12, 28), and of a lower strip (13, 19, 29) ending in a free edge (20, 30, 34), the upper strip (11, 27) and the lower strip (13, 19, 29) of the tightening strap (2, 18, 26) bearing respectively on the upper annular part (7, 17) of the edge of the lid (1) and on the lower part of the scroll-wound edge (4) of the sleeve (3) of the barrel,- the sleeve (3) including abutment means located under the scroll-wound edge (4) of the sleeve (3), these abutment means determining an annular concavity (21, 33, 37) turned towards the outside of the barrel,- characterized in that the dimensions of the tightening strap (2, 18, 26) are such that when it is tightened into place, the free edge (20, 30, 34) of its lower strip (13, 19) is engaged in the annular concavity (21, 33, 37), the diameter of this free edge (20, 30, 34) being greater than the diameter of the bottom of this concavity (21, 33, 37), the width of the concavity (21, 33, 37) being such that it allows an axial displacement of the strap with respect to the sleeve (3) so that when the strap (2, 18, 26) is displaced upwards or downwards under the effect of a vertical stress, the free edge (20, 30, 34) comes into abutment against the abutment means, thus limiting the displacement of this strap (2, 18, 26) with respect to the sleeve.
- Barrel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said annular concavity consists of an annular groove (21, 37) formed in the sleeve (3) by upsetting towards the inside of the sleeve.
- Barrel according to Claim 2, characterized in that the height of the cylindrical collar (6) of the lid (1) is such that when the tightening strap (2, 18, 26) is tightened into place, the base of this cylindrical collar (6) bears on the annular bead (22, 38) formed by the reverse side of the said annular groove (21, 37), projecting towards the inside of the sleeve (3).
- Barrel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said annular concavity (33) consists of the space between two neighbouring annular beads (31, 32) projecting towards the outside of the sleeve (3).
- Barrel according to Claim 4, characterized in that the sleeve (3) includes an annular bead (35) projecting towards the inside of the sleeve (3), this annular bead (35) being located at a height such that when the tightening strap (2) is tightened into place, the base of the cylindrical collar (6) of the lid (1) bears on this annular bead (35).
- Barrel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper annular part (7) of the edge of the lid (1) has an upwardly convex curved cross-section.
- Barrel according to Claim 6, characterized in that the middle part (23) of the tightening strap (26) has an outwardly convex curved cross-section, matched to the curved cross-section of the upper part (7) of the edge of the lid (1), and also bearing against the downwardly pointing rim (8) of the lid (1), when the tightening strap (26) is tightened into place.
- Barrel according to Claim 6, characterized in that the upper strip (17) of the tightening strap (2, 18) has the form of a flat ring, the middle part (12) is of cylindrical shape, and the lower strip (13, 19) is inclined downwards into a frustoconical surface, the middle part (12) bearing against the downwardly pointing rim (8) of the lid (1) when the tightening strap (2, 18) is tightened into place.
- Barrel according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the upper annular part (17) of the edge of the lid (1) has the shape of flat ring.
- Barrel according to Claim 9, characterized in that the upper strip (17) of the tightening strap (2, 18) has the form of a flat ring, the middle part (12) is of cylindrical shape, and the lower strip (13, 19) is inclined downwards into a frustoconical surface, the middle part (12) bearing against the downwardly pointing rim (8) of the lid (1) when the tightening strap (2, 18) is tightened into place.
- Barrel according to Claim 10, characterized in that the downwardly pointing rim (8) of the lid (1) has a height which is greater than two thirds of the height of the middle part (12) of the tightening strap (2, 18).
- Barrel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the tightening strap (2, 18, 26) is tightened into place, its upper strip (11, 27) extends beyond the cylindrical surface defined by the collar (6) of the lid (1), in the direction of the axis of the barrel.
- Barrel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upwardly pointing cylindrical collar (6) of the lid (1) has a height equal to at least 1.5 times the distance which, when the barrel is closed with the tightening strap (2) tightened into place, separates the upper annular part (17) of the lid (1) and the lower part of the scroll (4) of the sleeve (3).
- Barrel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the downwardly pointing rim (8) of the lid (1) has a height such that when the barrel is closed with the tightening strap (2) tightened into place, its lower end extends downwards beyond a horizontal plane passing through the centre of the scroll (4) of the sleeve (3).
- Barrel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic sealing gasket (23) has a cross-section including a central part which is matched to the shape of the bottom of the groove (9) in the edge of the lid (1), this central part carrying two lips (24, 25) of unequal length which taper towards their end, the shorter lip (24) bearing against the upwardly pointing collar (6) of the lid (1), the longer lip (25) bearing against the downwardly pointing rim (8) of the lid (1).
- Barrel according to Claim 15, characterized in that the longer lip (25) of the elastic sealing gasket (23) extends beyond the said groove (9) so that it can be clamped between the downwardly pointing rim (8) of the lid (1) and the scroll (4) of the sleeve (3).
- Barrel according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the groove (9) in the edge of the lid (1) has a width such that the scroll-wound edge (4) of the sleeve (3) can be frictionally engaged therein.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE9100365 | 1991-04-19 | ||
BE9100365A BE1003799A5 (en) | 1991-04-19 | 1991-04-19 | Closing opening was total. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0509978A1 EP0509978A1 (en) | 1992-10-21 |
EP0509978B1 true EP0509978B1 (en) | 1994-05-25 |
Family
ID=3885456
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19920870061 Expired - Lifetime EP0509978B1 (en) | 1991-04-19 | 1992-04-17 | Fully openable barrel with a closure |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0509978B1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE1003799A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69200144T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2055640T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE1007765A5 (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1995-10-17 | Blagden Ind Plc | Total metal was open. |
CN1077537C (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2002-01-09 | 上海市青浦县华新包装厂 | Open steel eimer ear-tighting cover |
AU2001285604B2 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2005-08-18 | Vip Plastic Packaging Pty Ltd | Container, container lid and locking ring |
AUPQ999400A0 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2000-10-05 | Visy Packaging Pty Ltd | Container, container lid and locking ring |
CN105314224B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-06-22 | 苏州华源控股股份有限公司 | Gaily decorated basket lid |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB191014581A (en) * | 1910-06-16 | 1910-09-08 | Abram Lyle And Sons Ltd | Improved Means for Closing Tins. |
US2035714A (en) * | 1933-09-30 | 1936-03-31 | Solar Sturges Mfg Co | Metallic container and method of making the same |
FR1085337A (en) * | 1953-10-21 | 1955-01-31 | Stebler Saner | Improvements to elastic ring closures for cylindrical containers |
US2966378A (en) * | 1957-10-17 | 1960-12-27 | Greif Bros Cooperage Corp | Closure assembly for fibre containers |
FR1281649A (en) * | 1961-02-16 | 1962-01-12 | Metal Containers Ltd | Locking split ring for securing a lid to a container |
FR1579365A (en) * | 1967-09-09 | 1969-08-22 | ||
FR1565966A (en) * | 1968-05-20 | 1969-05-02 | ||
GB1275949A (en) * | 1968-09-04 | 1972-06-01 | Hoechst Ag | Container made of thermoplastic material |
DE8616478U1 (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1986-07-31 | Schmalbach-Lubeca Ag, 38112 Braunschweig | Packaging container |
FR2636925B1 (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1991-06-28 | Blagden Ind Plc | CLOSING OF FUT |
-
1991
- 1991-04-19 BE BE9100365A patent/BE1003799A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-04-17 DE DE1992600144 patent/DE69200144T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-04-17 EP EP19920870061 patent/EP0509978B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-17 ES ES92870061T patent/ES2055640T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE1003799A5 (en) | 1992-06-16 |
EP0509978A1 (en) | 1992-10-21 |
ES2055640T3 (en) | 1994-08-16 |
DE69200144T2 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
DE69200144D1 (en) | 1994-06-30 |
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