EP0508275A2 - Tubular mast - Google Patents

Tubular mast Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0508275A2
EP0508275A2 EP92105512A EP92105512A EP0508275A2 EP 0508275 A2 EP0508275 A2 EP 0508275A2 EP 92105512 A EP92105512 A EP 92105512A EP 92105512 A EP92105512 A EP 92105512A EP 0508275 A2 EP0508275 A2 EP 0508275A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubular mast
adapter ring
mast according
shots
adapter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92105512A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0508275A3 (en
Inventor
Stephan Dipl.-Ing. Fritzsche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
We-Ef Leuchten Wolfgang Fritzsche Elektro-Apparatebau & C0 GmbH
Original Assignee
We-Ef Leuchten Wolfgang Fritzsche Elektro-Apparatebau & C0 GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by We-Ef Leuchten Wolfgang Fritzsche Elektro-Apparatebau & C0 GmbH filed Critical We-Ef Leuchten Wolfgang Fritzsche Elektro-Apparatebau & C0 GmbH
Publication of EP0508275A2 publication Critical patent/EP0508275A2/en
Publication of EP0508275A3 publication Critical patent/EP0508275A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tubular mast according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a tubular mast can be used, for example, as a light pole, flag pole, etc.
  • Cylindrical masts are known which are produced by welding several cylindrical tubes - also called wefts - with different diameters. This production is complex. The finished mast is an indivisible unit, which makes shipping, warehousing and any repair work considerably more difficult.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a mast of the type mentioned in such a way that assembly is simplified and disassembly is possible at any time.
  • the mast according to the invention is made up of several Shots mounted that are releasably braced together. This results in easy and convenient shipping, as the mast can be shipped disassembled into individual parts. Maintenance work, for example on a lamp attached to the mast, can be easily carried out on the ground by quickly dismantling the mast, usually even without using a ladder. The use of individual shots also makes painting in different colors easier.
  • the drawing shows a tubular mast 2 (see. Fig. 1, 2 and 4) with two sections 4, 6 with different diameters.
  • the shots of the pattern can be connected to one another with the aid of a screw connector 12.
  • the screw connector comprises an adapter ring lower part 18, which is attached in the upper end of the respective lower shot 4, and an adapter ring upper part 10, which is attached on the outside around the lower end of the respective upper shot 6 at a distance from the lower end.
  • the adapter rings 8, 10 can be welded to the shots.
  • the lower part of the adapter ring 8 has three stud bolts 14, which are staggered by 120 ° and arranged in an internal thread 13, and the upper part of the adapter ring 10 has three key holes 16, which are staggered by 120 °, for receiving the stud bolts 14.
  • the adapter ring upper part 10 also has three adjusting screws 17 arranged offset by 120 °, which serve to align the shots with one another and are arranged in an internal thread 19 of the adapter ring upper part.
  • both shots 4, 6 are firmly but releasably clamped together.
  • the internal threads 13 and 19 for the stud bolt 14 and adjusting screws 17 are threaded bores cut into the material of the adapter parts.
  • the adapter parts 8 and 10 are preferably made of aluminum and the stud bolts 14 and adjusting screws 13 usually made of steel. If the mast and thus the thread are subjected to greater loads, there may be a risk that, due to the technically not ideal combination of materials, aluminum / steel, the threads will deflect and the bolts will loosen. This danger can be eliminated by using special threaded inserts 21, in particular made of steel, for the stud bolts 14, as is shown in FIGS. 8 and 7. The threaded inserts can also be designed so that loosening of the stud bolts can also be practically ruled out due to vibrations.
  • the top shot of a mast, i.e. H. the adapter ring upper part 10 can be covered by a cover ring 18 which is screwed to the adapter ring upper part via bores 20 with the aid of screws (not shown) which are screwed into threaded bores 22 of the adapter ring upper part 10.
  • This cover impedes unauthorized access to the mast.
  • seals are provided which seal the upper section 6 and the bores 20 against the ingress of water.
  • bolts can also be used.

Abstract

The invention relates to a tubular mast 2 of several sections 4, 6 connected to one another and having different diameters. In order to substantially facilitate the assembly and dismantling of such a mast, the sections of the mast are detachably connected to one another by a a screwed slip-in connection 12. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen rohrförmigen Mast gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ein solcher Mast kann beispielsweise als Lichtmast, Fahnenmast etc. verwendet werden.The invention relates to a tubular mast according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a mast can be used, for example, as a light pole, flag pole, etc.

Es sind zylindrisch abgesetzte Masten bekannt, die durch Verschweißen mehrerer zylindrischer Rohre - auch Schüsse genannt - mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern hergestellt werden. Diese Herstellung ist aufwendig. Der fertige Mast stellt eine unzerlegbare Einheit dar, was den Versand, die Lagerhaltung und evtl. Reparaturarbeiten erheblich erschwert.Cylindrical masts are known which are produced by welding several cylindrical tubes - also called wefts - with different diameters. This production is complex. The finished mast is an indivisible unit, which makes shipping, warehousing and any repair work considerably more difficult.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, einen Mast der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß die Montage vereinfacht wird und eine Demontage jederzeit möglich ist.The object of the present invention is to design a mast of the type mentioned in such a way that assembly is simplified and disassembly is possible at any time.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Ausbildung gemäß Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the training according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabenlösung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous and expedient developments of the task solution according to the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Mast wird aus mehreren Schüssen montiert, die miteinander lösbar verspannt sind. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein leichter und bequemer Versand, da der Mast in Einzelteile demontiert versandt werden kann. Wartungsarbeiten, beispielsweise an einer am Mast angebrachten Leuchte, können durch schnelle Demontage des Mastes leicht am Boden ausgeführt werden, in der Regel sogar ohne Verwendung einer Leiter. Die Verwendung einzelner Schüsse gestaltet auch die Lackierung in unterschiedlichen Farben einfacher.The mast according to the invention is made up of several Shots mounted that are releasably braced together. This results in easy and convenient shipping, as the mast can be shipped disassembled into individual parts. Maintenance work, for example on a lamp attached to the mast, can be easily carried out on the ground by quickly dismantling the mast, usually even without using a ladder. The use of individual shots also makes painting in different colors easier.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen Mast mit zwei Schüssen in auseinandergezogener Darstellung mit einer Schraubsteckverbindung, die ein Adapterring-Unterteil und ein Adapterring-Oberteil umfaßt,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch das Adapterring-Unterteil und dessen Anordnung im Mastschuß,
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf das Adapterring-Unterteil nach Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch das Adapterring-Oberteil und dessen Anordnung um einen Mastschuß, wobei zusätzlich ein Abdeckring für das Adapterring-Oberteil dargestellt ist,
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf das Adapterring-Oberteil nach Fig. 4,
Fig. 6
den Abdeckring nach Fig. 4 in Draufsicht,
Fig. 7
einen Schnitt durch ein modifiziertes Adapterring-Oberteil und dessen Anordnung in einem Mastschuß und
Fig. 8
einen Schnitt durch ein modifiziertes Adapterring-Unterteil und dessen Anordnung im Mastschuß.
It shows:
Fig. 1
a mast with two shots in an exploded view with a screw connector, which comprises an adapter ring lower part and an adapter ring upper part,
Fig. 2
a section through the lower part of the adapter ring and its arrangement in the mast section,
Fig. 3
2 shows a plan view of the lower part of the adapter ring according to FIG. 2,
Fig. 4
2 shows a section through the upper part of the adapter ring and its arrangement around a mast section, a cover ring for the upper part of the adapter ring being additionally shown,
Fig. 5
3 shows a top view of the adapter ring upper part according to FIG. 4,
Fig. 6
4 in top view,
Fig. 7
a section through a modified adapter ring upper part and its arrangement in a mast section and
Fig. 8
a section through a modified adapter ring lower part and its arrangement in the mast section.

Gleiche Bautele in den Figuren der Zeichnung sind mit den gleichen Bezugszahlen versehen.The same components in the figures of the drawing are provided with the same reference numbers.

Die Zeichnung zeigt einen rohrförmigen Mast 2 (vgl. Fig. 1, 2 und 4) mit zwei Schüssen 4, 6 mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern.The drawing shows a tubular mast 2 (see. Fig. 1, 2 and 4) with two sections 4, 6 with different diameters.

Die Schüsse des Musters sind mit Hilfe einer Schraubsteckverbindung 12 miteinander verbindbar. Die Schraubsteckverbindung umfaßt ein Adapterring-Unterteil 18, das im oberen Ende des jeweils unteren Schusses 4 angebracht wird, und ein Adapterring-Oberteil 10, das außenseitig um das untere Ende des jeweils oberen Schusses 6 herum mit Abstand zum unteren Ende angebracht wird. Die Adapterringe 8, 10 können mit den Schüssen verschweißt werden.The shots of the pattern can be connected to one another with the aid of a screw connector 12. The screw connector comprises an adapter ring lower part 18, which is attached in the upper end of the respective lower shot 4, and an adapter ring upper part 10, which is attached on the outside around the lower end of the respective upper shot 6 at a distance from the lower end. The adapter rings 8, 10 can be welded to the shots.

Das Adapterring-Unterteil 8 weist oberseitig drei um 120° versetzt angeordnete und in einem Innengewinde 13 angeordnete Stehbolzen 14 und das Adapterring-Oberteil 10 drei um 120° versetzt angeordnete Schlüssellöcher 16 auf zur Aufnahme der Stehbolzen 14.The lower part of the adapter ring 8 has three stud bolts 14, which are staggered by 120 ° and arranged in an internal thread 13, and the upper part of the adapter ring 10 has three key holes 16, which are staggered by 120 °, for receiving the stud bolts 14.

Das Adapterring-Oberteil 10 weist ferner drei um 120° versetzt angeordnete Einstellschrauben 17 auf, die zur Ausrichtung der Schüsse miteinander dienen und in einem Innengewinde 19 des Adapterring-Oberteiles angeordnet sind.The adapter ring upper part 10 also has three adjusting screws 17 arranged offset by 120 °, which serve to align the shots with one another and are arranged in an internal thread 19 of the adapter ring upper part.

Durch Anziehen der Stehbolzen 14 nach deren Einschieben in den verengten Bereich der Schlüssellöcher 16 durch entsprechendes Verdrehen des oberen Schusses relativ zum unteren Schuß werden beide Schüsse 4, 6 fest, aber lösbar miteinander verspannt.By tightening the stud bolts 14 after they have been pushed into the narrowed area of the keyholes 16 by correspondingly rotating the upper shot relative to the lower shot, both shots 4, 6 are firmly but releasably clamped together.

Die Innengewinde 13 und 19 für den Stehbolzen 14 und Einstellschrauben 17 sind bei der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 2 und 4 in das Material der Adapterteile geschnittene Gewindebohrungen.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 4, the internal threads 13 and 19 for the stud bolt 14 and adjusting screws 17 are threaded bores cut into the material of the adapter parts.

Die Adapterteile 8 und 10 bestehen vorzugsweise aus Aluminium und die Stehbolzen 14 und Einstellschrauben 13 üblicherweise aus Stahl. Bei größerer Belastung des Mastes und damit der Gewinde besteht unter Umständen die Gefahr, daß aufgrund der technisch nicht idealen Werkstoffkombination Aluminium / Stahl die Gewinde ausschlagen und sich die Bolzen lösen. Diese Gefahr kann dadurch beseitigt werden, daß spezielle Gewindeeinsätze 21 insbesondere aus Stahl für die Stehbolzen 14 verwendet werden, wie dies in den Fig. 8 und 7 dargestellt ist. Die Gewindeeinsätze sind zudem so auslegbar, daß ein Lösen der Stehbolzen auch durch Vibrationen praktisch ausgeschlossen werden kann.The adapter parts 8 and 10 are preferably made of aluminum and the stud bolts 14 and adjusting screws 13 usually made of steel. If the mast and thus the thread are subjected to greater loads, there may be a risk that, due to the technically not ideal combination of materials, aluminum / steel, the threads will deflect and the bolts will loosen. This danger can be eliminated by using special threaded inserts 21, in particular made of steel, for the stud bolts 14, as is shown in FIGS. 8 and 7. The threaded inserts can also be designed so that loosening of the stud bolts can also be practically ruled out due to vibrations.

Der obere Schuß eines Mastes, d. h. das Adapterring-Oberteil 10, kann durch einen Abdeckring 18 abgedeckt werden, der über Bohrungen 20 mit Hilfe von Schrauben (nicht dargestellt), die in Gewindebohrungen 22 des Adapterring-Oberteiles 10 eingeschraubt werden, mit dem Adapterring-Oberteil verschraubt wird. Diese Abdeckung erschwert den unbefugten Zugriff zum Mast. In der Abdeckung 18 sind Dichtungen vorgesehen, die den oberen Schuß 6 sowie die Bohrungen 20 gegen das Eindringen von Wasser abdichten.The top shot of a mast, i.e. H. the adapter ring upper part 10 can be covered by a cover ring 18 which is screwed to the adapter ring upper part via bores 20 with the aid of screws (not shown) which are screwed into threaded bores 22 of the adapter ring upper part 10. This cover impedes unauthorized access to the mast. In the cover 18 seals are provided which seal the upper section 6 and the bores 20 against the ingress of water.

In der Zeichnung sind nur zwei Schüsse dargestellt; selbstverständlich kann der Mast aus mehr als zwei Schüssen zusammengesetzt sein.Only two shots are shown in the drawing; of course, the mast can be composed of more than two shots.

Anstelle der beschriebenen Stehbolzen können auch Schraubbolzen verwendet werden.Instead of the stud bolts described, bolts can also be used.

Claims (13)

Rohrförmiger Mast aus mehreren miteinander verbundenen unterschiedliche Durchmesser aufweisenden Schüssen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schüsse (4, 6) durch eine Schraubsteckverbindung (12) lösbar miteinander verbunden sind.Tubular mast made of several interconnected shots with different diameters, characterized in that the shots (4, 6) are detachably connected to one another by a screw connection (12). Rohrförmiger Mast nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schraubsteckverbindung (12) ein im oberen Ende eines Schusses (4) angeordnetes Adapterring-Unterteil (8), das mehrere jeweils in einem Innengewinde (13) angeordnete Stehbolzen (14) aufweist, und ein außenseitig um das untere Ende eines Schusses (6) herum angeordnetes Adapterring-Oberteil (10) umfaßt, das mit den Stehbolzen zugeordneten Schlüssellöchern (16) zur Aufnahme der Stehbolzen versehen ist, wobei zwei aufeinanderfolgende Schüsse durch Anziehen der Stehbolzen miteinander verspannbar sind.A tubular mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw plug connection (12) comprises an adapter ring lower part (8) which is arranged in the upper end of a weft (4) and which has a plurality of stud bolts (14) each arranged in an internal thread (13), and a on the outside around the lower end of a weft (6) arranged adapter ring upper part (10), which is provided with the studs associated with key holes (16) for receiving the studs, two successive shots can be tensioned together by tightening the studs. Rohrförmiger Mast nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß drei um 120° versetzte Stehbolzen (14) und drei um 120° versetzte Schlüssellöcher (16) vorgesehen sind.Tubular mast according to claim 2, characterized in that three stud bolts (14) offset by 120 ° and three key holes (16) offset by 120 ° are provided. Rohrförmiger Mast nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Adapterring-Oberteil (10) Innengewinde (19) mit Einstellschrauben (17) zur Ausrichtung der Schüsse miteinander vorgesehen sind.Tubular mast according to Claim 2, characterized in that internal threads (19) with adjusting screws (17) for aligning the shots are provided in the upper part of the adapter ring (10). Rohrförmiger Mast nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß drei um 120° versetzt angeordnete Einstellschrauben vorgesehen sind.Tubular mast according to claim 4, characterized in that three adjusting screws are provided offset by 120 °. Rohrförmiger Mast nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den oberen Schuß ein Abdeckring (18) mit Dichtung vorgesehen ist, der mit dem Adapterring-Oberteil (10) des Schusses (6) verschraubbar ist.Tubular mast according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cover ring (18) with a seal is provided for the upper shot, which can be screwed to the adapter ring upper part (10) of the shot (6). Rohrförmiger Mast nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adapterringe (8, 10) mit den Schüssen (4, 6) verschweißt sind.Tubular mast according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter rings (8, 10) are welded to the sections (4, 6). Rohrförmiger Mast nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Adapterring-Oberteil mit Abstand zum Schußende auf dem Schuß (6) angeordnet ist.Tubular mast according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter ring upper part is arranged on the weft (6) at a distance from the weft end. Rohrförmiger Mast nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß anstelle der Stehbolzen Schraubbolzen verwendet werden.Tubular mast according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that screw bolts are used instead of the stud bolts. Rohrförmiger Mast nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Adapterring-Unterteil (8) und das Adapaterring-Oberteil (10) aus Aluminium bestehen.Tubular mast according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower part of the adapter ring (8) and the upper part of the adapter ring (10) consist of aluminum. Rohrförmiger Mast nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stehbolzen (14) und Schraubbolzen aus Stahl bestehen.Tubular mast according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stud bolts (14) and bolts are made of steel. Rohrförmiger Mast nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innengewinde (13, 19) im Adapterring-Unterteil (8) und im Adapterring-Oberteil (10) durch in das Material dieser Adapterteile geschnittene Gewindebohrungen oder durch Gewindeeinsätze (21) gebildet sind.Tubular mast according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal threads (13, 19) in the lower part of the adapter ring (8) and in the upper part of the adapter ring (10) are formed by threaded bores cut into the material of these adapter parts or by threaded inserts (21) . Rohrförmiger Mast nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gewindeeinsätze (21) aus Stahl bestehen.Tubular mast according to claim 12, characterized in that the threaded inserts (21) consist of steel.
EP19920105512 1991-04-09 1992-03-31 Tubular mast Withdrawn EP0508275A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4111550 1991-04-09
DE19914111550 DE4111550A1 (en) 1991-04-09 1991-04-09 TUBULAR MAST

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0508275A2 true EP0508275A2 (en) 1992-10-14
EP0508275A3 EP0508275A3 (en) 1992-12-02

Family

ID=6429190

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920105512 Withdrawn EP0508275A3 (en) 1991-04-09 1992-03-31 Tubular mast

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0508275A3 (en)
JP (1) JPH0598850A (en)
DE (1) DE4111550A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1111254A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-06-27 Sagem Sa Assembling and positioning structure of the bolt/keyhole type

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20010100078A (en) * 2001-09-13 2001-11-14 김태보 U omitted
DE102016103895A1 (en) * 2016-03-03 2017-09-07 Nicolas Steiner Mast anchored in the ground

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6506332A (en) * 1964-05-23 1965-11-24
DE3114226A1 (en) * 1979-10-11 1982-11-04 Hans Zürich Kürsteiner Hollow mast for lighting installations and lines
DE8610402U1 (en) * 1986-04-16 1986-06-12 Urlberger, Hermann Hans, 8750 Aschaffenburg Connection of two plates, plate-shaped structures or the like.
EP0262006A1 (en) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-30 BENDIX France Société Anonyme dite: Brake booster assembly mounted on a fixed vehicle wall, and mounting method therefor

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8032795U1 (en) * 1981-08-27 Gemmecke, Kurt, Ing.(grad.), 2400 Lübeck Coupling for a detachable, rigid connection for pipes, especially for construction masts
CH381839A (en) * 1961-01-18 1964-09-15 Interessengemeinschaft Kandela Candelabra
AT336256B (en) * 1975-03-07 1977-04-25 Haider Franz Dipl Ing LIGHTING MAST

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6506332A (en) * 1964-05-23 1965-11-24
DE3114226A1 (en) * 1979-10-11 1982-11-04 Hans Zürich Kürsteiner Hollow mast for lighting installations and lines
DE8610402U1 (en) * 1986-04-16 1986-06-12 Urlberger, Hermann Hans, 8750 Aschaffenburg Connection of two plates, plate-shaped structures or the like.
EP0262006A1 (en) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-30 BENDIX France Société Anonyme dite: Brake booster assembly mounted on a fixed vehicle wall, and mounting method therefor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1111254A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-06-27 Sagem Sa Assembling and positioning structure of the bolt/keyhole type
FR2802986A1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-06-29 Sagem ASSEMBLY AND POSITIONING STRUCTURE OF THE BOLT TYPE / OPENING IN A LOCK HOLE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0508275A3 (en) 1992-12-02
JPH0598850A (en) 1993-04-20
DE4111550A1 (en) 1992-10-15

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