EP0507897B1 - Barbecue fuel in the form of fragments made from cobs of corn compacted without any binder and fragmenting device for producing said fuel - Google Patents
Barbecue fuel in the form of fragments made from cobs of corn compacted without any binder and fragmenting device for producing said fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0507897B1 EP0507897B1 EP19910914940 EP91914940A EP0507897B1 EP 0507897 B1 EP0507897 B1 EP 0507897B1 EP 19910914940 EP19910914940 EP 19910914940 EP 91914940 A EP91914940 A EP 91914940A EP 0507897 B1 EP0507897 B1 EP 0507897B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- sausage
- cobs
- corn
- fragmentation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 235000021168 barbecue Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 claims 7
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000656145 Thyrsites atun Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Definitions
- the invention relates on the one hand to a new densified combustible product, manufactured by extrusion, from corn cobs and intended for grilling on barbecue, where, by the physico-mechanical properties due to the shape of the broken pieces and to their composition , it replaces advantageously charcoal; on the other hand it relates to the device used, during the fragmentation of the extruded material, to obtain the particle size and maintain the consistency useful for the destination of this new product.
- the only presses capable of compacting the corn cob in a coherent manner are the worm extruders, delivering a product in the form of a log. These presses did not yet make it possible to obtain a product intended specifically for grilling, that is to say combining useful characteristics, both by their constitution, their shape, cohesion, density and grain size. However, on these characteristics depend the qualities of flammability, combustion speed, radiant power and behavior of embers.
- the present invention makes it possible to manufacture from corn cobs a densified product provided with such characteristics, that is to say a fuel suitable for barbecue grilling.
- the corn cob is densified by a single screw extruder capable of compacting this material in the form of a rod of specific density greater than 1000 kg / cubic meter and leaving a continuous hole in the center of this rod.
- the original function of the central hole is the evacuation of the extrusion gases.
- This device is characterized in that the tube leaves the die to cool in the open air in a channel over a distance adjustable from 20 to 60 cm then engage in a guide tube at the end of which it impaled on a pike in the shape of a tapered cone.
- This particle size is decisive and optimal in terms of the combustion behavior of the densified corn cob for grilling; on the other hand the fragmentation does not decrease the cohesion of the broken pieces which harden, in fact, by cooling after cutting; it increases the specific surface of the pieces and produces a surface condition of the cuts such that the flammability is improved and that the combustion speed is optimal for grilling.
- the advantages obtained thanks to this device consist essentially - in that it allows the obtaining of a densified fuel without binder from corn cobs, in the form of broken rice whose characteristics advantageously make it suitable for grilling; - in that the energy of fragmentation is taken from the pushing force of the press, therefore does not require expensive electro-mechanical installation; - in that the fragmentation gives the product a grain size and shape which facilitate the flammability of the product; - in that the cohesion of the product is not affected by the fragmentation, due to the possibility of adjusting the cooling time according to the desired quality as a function of the temperature and humidity of the rod and the possibility of choosing the optimal hardness for fragmentation by adjusting the distance between the guide tube and the spike; - in that the wear part of the tool is a steel cone easily rechargeable with the abrasion-resistant electrode.
- the advantages characterizing this new product consist in that the breakage is a new fuel which brings together a set of qualities marking advantages with respect to current fuels for grilling: - calorific value 3800 kcal / kg at 7% water content; - equilibrium humidity level at 7% in a conditioned atmosphere at 20 ° C / 65% RH; - cleanliness ; - easy flammability; - the burning of embers gives off a concentration of carbon monoxide that is twice less than the standardized products currently on the market; - combustion speed suitable for grilling; - ecological: environmentally friendly manufacturing and use.
- Figure 1 shows the device in side view and from above; figure 2 shows the device in perspective.
- the device comprises a channel (1) followed by a guide tube (2) for holding the rod (8: flow direction) and a stirrup (3) serving to support a sliding spike (4) held in position by pressure screws (5).
- the device is fixed on a support (6) sliding on a table (7) or built with an adjustable stroke relative to the outlet of the extrusion die.
- the spike (4) slides in the plane of the axis of the guide tube (2) with a possibility of stroke adjustment relative to the outlet of the guide tube.
- the stirrup is positioned in a horizontal plane and dimensioned in such a way that the breaks do not remain trapped.
- Cohesion compressive strength: 10 to 20 daN / cm2
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne d'une part un nouveau produit combustible densifié, fabriqué par extrusion, à partir de rafles de maïs et destiné à la grillade sur barbecue, où, par les propriétés physico - mécaniques dues à la forme des brisures et à leur composition, il se substitue avantageusement au charbon de bois ; d'autre part elle a pour objet le dispositif utilisé, lors de la fragmentation de la matière extrudée, pour obtenir la granulométrie et maintenir la cohérence utiles à la destination de ce nouveau produit.The invention relates on the one hand to a new densified combustible product, manufactured by extrusion, from corn cobs and intended for grilling on barbecue, where, by the physico-mechanical properties due to the shape of the broken pieces and to their composition , it replaces advantageously charcoal; on the other hand it relates to the device used, during the fragmentation of the extruded material, to obtain the particle size and maintain the consistency useful for the destination of this new product.
Les différents procédés existant pour la fabrication de combustibles reconstitués par compactage ou extrusion à partir de déchets végétaux ou sous produits agro - industriels, façonnent leurs produits sous forme de bûches ou de granulés, d'aspect lisse, monobloc, souvent cylindriques. Ces produits, destinés initialement à la combustion en foyer sont parfois utilisés par quelques consommateurs comme substitut au charbon de bois mais ils ne réunissent pas les qualités attendues tant par leur composition que par leur forme : selon leurs dimensions, ils doivent pour cet usage être concassés ; l'inflammabilité est mauvaise, la vitesse de combustion est inadaptée à la grillade, trop faible pour les bûches, trop importante pour les granulés, le pouvoir rayonnant et la tenue des braises sont moins performants que ceux des brisures revendiquées. Les seules presses capables de compacter la rafle de maïs de façon cohérente sont les extrudeuses à vis sans fin, délivrant un produit sous forme de bûche. Ces presses ne permettaient pas encore d'obtenir un produit destiné spécifiquement à la grillade, c'est à dire réunissant les caractéristiques utiles, à la fois par leur constitution, leur forme, cohésion, densité et granulométrie. Or, de ces caractéristiques dépendent les qualités d'inflammabilité, de vitesse de combustion, de pouvoir rayonnant et tenue des braises.The various existing processes for the manufacture of fuels reconstituted by compacting or extrusion from vegetable waste or by agro-industrial products, shape their products in the form of logs or granules, of smooth appearance, monobloc, often cylindrical. These products, initially intended for combustion in the hearth, are sometimes used by some consumers as a substitute for charcoal but they do not meet the expected qualities as much by their composition as by their shape: according to their dimensions, they must be crushed for this use. ; the flammability is poor, the combustion speed is unsuitable for grilling, too low for the logs, too high for the pellets, the radiant power and the embers' performance are less efficient than those of the breakages claimed. The only presses capable of compacting the corn cob in a coherent manner are the worm extruders, delivering a product in the form of a log. These presses did not yet make it possible to obtain a product intended specifically for grilling, that is to say combining useful characteristics, both by their constitution, their shape, cohesion, density and grain size. However, on these characteristics depend the qualities of flammability, combustion speed, radiant power and behavior of embers.
La présente invention permet de fabriquer à partir de rafles de maïs un produit densifié pourvu de telles caractéristiques, c'est à dire un combustible approprié à la grillade sur barbecue. La rafle de maïs est densifiée par une extrudeuse monovis apte à compacter cette matière sous forme d'un boudin de densité spécifique supérieure à 1000 kg/mètre cube et ménageant un trou continu au centre de ce boudin. La fonction d'origine du trou central est l'évacuation des gaz d'extrusion.Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce que le boudin quitte la filière pour refroidir à l'air libre dans un chenal sur une distance réglable de 20 à 60 cm puis s'engager dans un tube guide au bout duquel elle s'empale sur une pique en forme de cône effilé. Le boudin éclate, sur la portion de matière comprise entre la pique et le tube guide, sous l'effet de la poussée de la vis d'extrusion, en morceaux cohérents de 2 à 7 cm de largeur et longueur et 2 à 3 cm d'épaisseur. Cette granulométrie se révèle décisive et optimale au niveau du comportement en combustion de la rafle de maïs densifiée pour la grillade; d'autre part la fragmentation ne diminue pas la cohésion des brisures qui durcissent, en fait, en refroidissant après découpe ; elle augmente la surface spécifique des morceaux et produit un état de surface des coupes tel que l'inflammabilité est améliorée et que la vitesse de combustion est optimale pour la grillade.The present invention makes it possible to manufacture from corn cobs a densified product provided with such characteristics, that is to say a fuel suitable for barbecue grilling. The corn cob is densified by a single screw extruder capable of compacting this material in the form of a rod of specific density greater than 1000 kg / cubic meter and leaving a continuous hole in the center of this rod. The original function of the central hole is the evacuation of the extrusion gases. This device is characterized in that the tube leaves the die to cool in the open air in a channel over a distance adjustable from 20 to 60 cm then engage in a guide tube at the end of which it impaled on a pike in the shape of a tapered cone. The rod bursts, on the portion of material between the spike and the guide tube, under the effect of the thrust of the extrusion screw, into coherent pieces of 2 to 7 cm in width and length and 2 to 3 cm d 'thickness. This particle size is decisive and optimal in terms of the combustion behavior of the densified corn cob for grilling; on the other hand the fragmentation does not decrease the cohesion of the broken pieces which harden, in fact, by cooling after cutting; it increases the specific surface of the pieces and produces a surface condition of the cuts such that the flammability is improved and that the combustion speed is optimal for grilling.
Les avantages obtenus grâce à ce dispositif consistent essentiellement - en ce qu'il autorise l'obtention d'un combustible densifié sans liant à partir de rafles de maïs, sous forme de brisures dont les caractéristiques le rendent avantageusement approprié à la grillade ; - en ce que l'énergie de fragmentation est prélevée sur l'effort de poussée de la presse, donc ne nécessite pas d'installation électro - mécanique coûteuse ; - en ce que la fragmentation confère au produit une granulométrie et forme qui facilitent l'inflammabilité du produit ; - en ce que la cohésion du produit n'est pas affectée par la fragmentation, en raison de la possibilité de réglage de la durée de refroidissement suivant la qualité désirée en fonction de la température et humidité du boudin et de la possibilité de choix de la dureté optimale pour la fragmentation par le réglage de la distance entre le tube guide et la pique ; - en ce que la pièce d'usure de l'outil est un cône en acier rechargeable aisément à l'électrode résistante à l'abrasion.The advantages obtained thanks to this device consist essentially - in that it allows the obtaining of a densified fuel without binder from corn cobs, in the form of broken rice whose characteristics advantageously make it suitable for grilling; - in that the energy of fragmentation is taken from the pushing force of the press, therefore does not require expensive electro-mechanical installation; - in that the fragmentation gives the product a grain size and shape which facilitate the flammability of the product; - in that the cohesion of the product is not affected by the fragmentation, due to the possibility of adjusting the cooling time according to the desired quality as a function of the temperature and humidity of the rod and the possibility of choosing the optimal hardness for fragmentation by adjusting the distance between the guide tube and the spike; - in that the wear part of the tool is a steel cone easily rechargeable with the abrasion-resistant electrode.
Les avantages caractérisant ce nouveau produit consistent en ce que la brisure est un nouveau combustible qui réunit un ensemble de qualités marquant des avantages vis à vis des combustibles actuels pour grillade: - pouvoir calorifique 3800 kcal/kg à 7% de teneur en eau ;
- taux d'humidité d'équilibre à 7% en atmosphère conditionnée à 20°C/65% HR ; - propreté ; - inflammabilité aisée ; - la combustion des braises dégage une concentration en monoxyde de carbone deux fois moindre que les produits normalisés actuellement sur le marché ; - vitesse de combustion adaptée à la grillade ; - écologique : fabrication et utilisation non polluante pour l'environnement.The advantages characterizing this new product consist in that the breakage is a new fuel which brings together a set of qualities marking advantages with respect to current fuels for grilling: - calorific value 3800 kcal / kg at 7% water content;
- equilibrium humidity level at 7% in a conditioned atmosphere at 20 ° C / 65% RH; - cleanliness ; - easy flammability; - the burning of embers gives off a concentration of carbon monoxide that is twice less than the standardized products currently on the market; - combustion speed suitable for grilling; - ecological: environmentally friendly manufacturing and use.
Le principe de l'invention est exposé ci-après à l'aide de dessins représentant un mode d'exécution du dispositif de fragmentation ; ensuite les caractéristiques du produit sont étayées par des résultats d'analyses en laboratoire. La figure 1 présente le dispositif en vue de côté et du dessus ; la figure 2 montre le dispositif en perspective. Le dispositif comporte un chenal (1) suivi d'un tube guide (2) de maintien du boudin (8 : sens d'écoulement) et d'un étrier (3) servant de support à une pique (4) coulissante maintenue en position par des vis de pression (5). Le dispositif est fixé sur un support (6) coulissant sur une table (7) ou bâti avec une course réglable par rapport à la sortie de la filière d'extrusion. La pique (4) coulisse dans le plan de l'axe du tube guide (2) avec une possibilité de réglage de course par rapport à la sortie du tube guide. L'étrier est positionné dans un plan horizontal et dimensionné de telle manière que les brisures ne restent pas coincées.The principle of the invention is set out below with the aid of drawings representing an embodiment of the fragmentation device; then the product characteristics are supported by laboratory analysis results. Figure 1 shows the device in side view and from above; figure 2 shows the device in perspective. The device comprises a channel (1) followed by a guide tube (2) for holding the rod (8: flow direction) and a stirrup (3) serving to support a sliding spike (4) held in position by pressure screws (5). The device is fixed on a support (6) sliding on a table (7) or built with an adjustable stroke relative to the outlet of the extrusion die. The spike (4) slides in the plane of the axis of the guide tube (2) with a possibility of stroke adjustment relative to the outlet of the guide tube. The stirrup is positioned in a horizontal plane and dimensioned in such a way that the breaks do not remain trapped.
Résultats d'analyses en laboratoire des brisures de rafle de maïsResults of laboratory analyzes of broken corn cob
Pouvoir calorifique : 3800 kcal/kg à 7% humidité.Calorific value: 3800 kcal / kg at 7% humidity.
Cohésion : résistance à la compression:10 à 20 daN/cm²Cohesion: compressive strength: 10 to 20 daN / cm²
Masse volumique : 500 à 600 kg/m³ en vrac
Claims (3)
- Fuel for grilling, characterized by its form in flakes and by its composition of ground maize cobs compacted by extrusion and then fragmented, with a grain size distribution such that the main fraction passes through a sieve with a 7 x 7 cm mesh without passing through a sieve of 2 x 2 cm, and with a bulk volumetric mass of 500 to 600 Kg/m³, and a cohesion represented by a compression breaking strength of 10 to 20 daN/cm².
- Process of manufacture of the fuel according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that it includes the following stages:a) Compacting, into the form of a sausage with a continuous central hole, of maize cobs or vegetal waste or agro-industrial by-products, by a worm screw extruder.b) Fragmentation of the sausage thus obtained, having a specific density of more than 1000 Kg/m3, by bursting and flaking after presentation of the extruded hollow sausage coming from the die-plate to an adjustable fragmentation device.
- Adjustable device for the fragmentation of the hollow sausage of fuel in densified ligno-cellulosic material for the implementation of Stage (b) of the manufacturing process according to Claim 2, characterized by the fact that it consists of a sharpened spike (4), sliding in a yoke (3) adjustable in its distance in relation to a sausage holding guide tube (2), the sausage being presented to the said tube by a runner (1). The entire device is mounted on a sliding table (7) or on any sliding system such that it is possible to adjust the distance between the exit of the extruded sausage and the device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT91914940T ATE103320T1 (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1991-08-20 | FUEL FOR GRILLING CONSISTING OF COMPRESSED CORN COBLES WITHOUT BINDING AGENTS AND CRUSHING DEVICE FOR ITS PRODUCTION. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9010699 | 1990-08-20 | ||
| FR9010699A FR2665906B1 (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1990-08-20 | COMBUSTIBLE BREAK FOR GRILL, CONSISTING OF GRINDED MURAL RAFLES DENSIFIED WITHOUT BINDER AND FRAGMENTATION DEVICE NECESSARY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THIS PRODUCT. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0507897A1 EP0507897A1 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
| EP0507897B1 true EP0507897B1 (en) | 1994-03-23 |
Family
ID=9399878
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19910914940 Expired - Lifetime EP0507897B1 (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1991-08-20 | Barbecue fuel in the form of fragments made from cobs of corn compacted without any binder and fragmenting device for producing said fuel |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0507897B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69101484T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2055615T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2665906B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992003523A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006122405A1 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2006-11-23 | Evergreen Biofuels Inc. | Agricultural fibre fuel pellets |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19606400A1 (en) * | 1996-02-21 | 1997-08-28 | Amft Karl Heinrich | Fuel for grills |
| ES2128259B1 (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2000-04-01 | Univ Alicante | ALMOND CASCARA FUEL BRIQUETTES. |
| US9481854B2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2016-11-01 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Cleaning composition that provides residual benefits |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR981299A (en) * | 1943-04-01 | 1951-05-24 | Machine for vacuum molding of combustible agglomerates | |
| US4326854A (en) * | 1979-03-09 | 1982-04-27 | Tanner John D | Synthetic firelog |
| FR2642434A1 (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-08-03 | Humbert Benedicte | Reconstituted log |
-
1990
- 1990-08-20 FR FR9010699A patent/FR2665906B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-08-20 DE DE69101484T patent/DE69101484T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-08-20 WO PCT/FR1991/000678 patent/WO1992003523A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-08-20 EP EP19910914940 patent/EP0507897B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-20 ES ES91914940T patent/ES2055615T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006122405A1 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2006-11-23 | Evergreen Biofuels Inc. | Agricultural fibre fuel pellets |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2665906A1 (en) | 1992-02-21 |
| DE69101484D1 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
| WO1992003523A1 (en) | 1992-03-05 |
| EP0507897A1 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
| DE69101484T2 (en) | 1994-11-03 |
| FR2665906B1 (en) | 1992-11-27 |
| ES2055615T3 (en) | 1994-08-16 |
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