EP0507779B1 - Fuel injection pump - Google Patents

Fuel injection pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0507779B1
EP0507779B1 EP90916699A EP90916699A EP0507779B1 EP 0507779 B1 EP0507779 B1 EP 0507779B1 EP 90916699 A EP90916699 A EP 90916699A EP 90916699 A EP90916699 A EP 90916699A EP 0507779 B1 EP0507779 B1 EP 0507779B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
magnetic valve
fuel injection
pressure
pump piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90916699A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0507779A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Laufer
Anton Karle
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/08Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/10Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor
    • F02M41/12Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor
    • F02M41/123Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined pump pistons acting as the distributor the pistons rotating to act as the distributor characterised by means for varying fuel delivery or injection timing
    • F02M41/125Variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3082Control of electrical fuel pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/366Valves being actuated electrically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection pump is known for example from DE 35 07 853 A1 or DE 34 36 768 A1.
  • a so-called jumping off of the pump piston occurs at a higher speed, ie the cam or lifting disk of the cam gear, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the pump piston, with its end face carrying the cams or elevations, is no longer sufficient from the pressure spring to the rollers of the roller ring of the cam gear pressed so that the pump piston no longer shows the exact stroke in relation to the rotational position of the drive shaft.
  • the proper functioning of the fuel injection pump is only up to the so-called
  • the fuel injection pump according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the drive shaft can be driven at higher speeds, which are in the range of the limit speed, without fear of lifting the pump piston from the cam gear. Due to the residual pressure maintained in the pump work chamber after the end of delivery, which is below the injection pressure and thus does not influence the fuel injection and the injected fuel quantity, a counterforce is exerted on the pump piston, which presses the lifting disc onto the rollers with increased contact pressure and prevents the pump piston from jumping off the higher speeds reliably prevented.
  • the residual pressure below the injection pressure can be maintained in various ways according to expedient embodiments of the invention.
  • the magnetic valve after its de-excitation at the end of delivery is again supplied with a control current which is dimensioned such that the electromagnetic force generated by it is not able to completely close the solenoid valve, so that fuel is only partially closed through the relief channel drain throttled from the pump work area can, the pressure reduced under injection pressure in the pump workspace is reduced.
  • the solenoid valve after de-excitation at the delivery end and the sudden drop in pressure in the pump work space, the solenoid valve is excited again with current pulses below the injection pressure. During the duration of a current pulse, the solenoid valve is partially or completely closed, partially or fully opened during the pulse pauses, so that the mean residual pressure in the pump work space also decreases only slowly.
  • a bushing 12 is arranged in a pump housing 11, in which a pump piston 13, which also serves as a distributor, executes a reciprocating and simultaneously rotating movement.
  • the pump piston 13 is driven by a cam gear 14 from a drive shaft 15, which rotates synchronously with the speed of the internal combustion engine supplied with fuel by the injection pump.
  • a pump working space 16 is delimited by the end face of the pump piston 13 and the bushing 12 and is connected via a supply channel 17 to a pump interior 18 in the pump housing 11.
  • the pump interior 18 is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank 20 via a feed pump 19.
  • the fuel is distributed via a distributor groove 21 in the pump piston 13, with the pump piston 13 in a corresponding rotational position, to pressure lines 22, which lead via the bushing 12 and the pump housing 11 to injection nozzles 13 on the internal combustion engine.
  • longitudinal grooves 24 on the pump piston 13, which are open towards the end face and thus towards the pump working chamber 16 are provided, via which a connection between the supply channel 17 and the pump working chamber 16 is established during the suction stroke of the pump piston 13.
  • a relief duct 26 branches off from the pump working space 16 at a point that cannot be influenced by the pump piston 13 and is guided on the suction side of the pump piston 13 and opens into the supply duct 17.
  • valve seat 27 In the relief channel 26 there is a valve seat 27 with which a valve closing member 28 cooperates, which is actuated by an electromagnet 29.
  • Valve seat 27, valve closing member 28 and electromagnet 29 are part of a solenoid valve 30 which opens or closes the cross section of the relief channel 26 depending on the excitation of the electromagnet 29.
  • an electronic control unit 31 To control the solenoid valve 30, an electronic control unit 31 is used, which generates a control current as a function of various operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as load L, speed n, temperature ⁇ and others.
  • the solenoid valve 30 and the control unit 31 determine the start and end of injection of the fuel injection pump in a known manner during the delivery stroke of the pump piston 13.
  • the valve closing member 28 is lifted off the valve seat 27 and thus the relief channel 26 is opened, so that no sufficient injection pressure can be built up in the pump work chamber 16 to open the injection nozzles 23.
  • the valve closing member 28 is pressed onto the valve seat 27, which indicates the start of delivery FB, and a pressure build-up takes place in the pump work chamber 16.
  • Fuel is conveyed via the distributor groove 21 to the injection nozzles 23 and there into the respective combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine injected.
  • the de-excitation of the solenoid valve 30 is synonymous with the delivery end FE, since this completely opens the valve seat 27 and causes a pressure drop in the pump work chamber 16.
  • a quantity of fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine via the injection nozzles 13. This injected fuel quantity represents a partial quantity of the maximum possible quantity of fuel delivered during a delivery stroke of the pump piston 13.
  • 2a shows the stroke curve h of the pump piston 13 as a function of the angle of rotation ⁇ of the drive shaft 15.
  • Start of support FB and end of support FE are entered.
  • 2b shows the control current applied to solenoid valve 30.
  • Start of funding FB and end of funding FE coincide with the pulse edges of the control current.
  • the known cam gear 14 is only indicated schematically in FIG. 1. On the one hand, it has a claw coupling for the rotational connection of the drive shaft 15 and the pump piston 13, which is also a Stroke movement of the pump piston 13 permits, and on the other hand a front cam or lifting disk 32 firmly connected to the pump piston 13, which is pressed onto a roller 33 of a roller ring held in the pump housing 11 concentrically with the drive axis 15 by a compression spring (not shown here). The course of the elevations or end cams on the end face of the lifting disk 32 determines the axial stroke of the pump piston 13.
  • the maximum speed of the drive shaft 15 is determined by the so-called limit speed. If this limit speed is exceeded or if the tolerance position is unfavorable, the pump piston 13 jumps off the cam gear 14, ie the lifting disk 32 is no longer pressed sufficiently firmly against the rollers 33, and the fixed association between the rotational position of the drive shaft 15 and the axial stroke of the pump piston 13 (see FIG. 2a) is no longer guaranteed.
  • the solenoid valve 30 is actuated by the control unit 31 after the end of delivery FE in such a way that a residual pressure below the injection pressure is maintained in the pump work chamber 16 up to near the top dead center TDC of the pump piston 13.
  • This residual pressure acts in the axial direction on the pump piston 13 and increases the contact pressure of the lifting disk 32 fixedly connected to the pump piston 13 against the rollers 33. This increased contact pressure reliably prevents the pump piston 13 from jumping off and shifts the limit speed to higher speeds.
  • This residual pressure which is below the injection pressure, is generated in that after the end of delivery, the solenoid valve 30 is controlled by the control unit 31 with a plurality of control pulses, as shown in FIG. 2b. Each control pulse causes a partial or complete closure of the solenoid valve 30 for the duration of its occurrence, so that in the low piston speed range the Pump piston 13 builds up an average pressure near top dead center OT, which is below the injection pressure.
  • the control current applied to the solenoid valve 30 can be continuous and dimensioned such that the force caused by it for displacing the valve closing member 28 in the direction of the valve seat 27 only for partially closing the solenoid valve 30 is sufficient.
  • fuel can only flow throttled via the relief channel 26 into the supply channel 17, so that a residual pressure below the injection pressure is generated by the remaining piston stroke of the pump piston 13.
  • the control current applied to the solenoid valve 30 is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel injection pump has a pump piston (13) driven by a shaft (15) via a cam drive (14) in at least one axial stroke and thereby generates fuel injection pressure in a pump working chamber (16) and a magnetic valve (30) blocking or clearing the way between the pump working chamber (16) and a relieving channel (26), whereby the pump piston (13) starts feeding with the relieving channel (26) blocked and stops when said channel (26) is cleared. To prevent piston chatter on the cam drive (14), the magnetic valve (30) is controlled towards the end of the feed process so that a residual pressure below the injection pressure is built up in the pump working chamber (16) until the top dead centre has been reached.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe für Brennkraftmaschinen der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 definierten Gattung.The invention relates to a fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe ist beispielsweise aus der DE 35 07 853 A1 oder DE 34 36 768 A1 bekannt. Bei solchen Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpen tritt bei höherer Drehzahl ein sog. Abspringen des Pumpenkolbens auf, d.h. die mit dem Pumpenkolben drehfest verbundene Nocken- oder Hubscheibe des Nockengetriebes wird mit ihrer die Nocken oder Erhebungen tragenden Stirnfläche nicht mehr ausreichend von der Anpreßfeder an die Rollen des Rollenrings des Nockengetriebes angepreßt, so daß der Pumpenkolben nicht mehr den exakten Hubverlauf in Zuordnung zur Drehlage der Antriebswelle zeigt. Die einwandfreie Funktion der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe ist damit nur bis nahe der sog.Such a fuel injection pump is known for example from DE 35 07 853 A1 or DE 34 36 768 A1. In such fuel injection pumps, a so-called jumping off of the pump piston occurs at a higher speed, ie the cam or lifting disk of the cam gear, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the pump piston, with its end face carrying the cams or elevations, is no longer sufficient from the pressure spring to the rollers of the roller ring of the cam gear pressed so that the pump piston no longer shows the exact stroke in relation to the rotational position of the drive shaft. The proper functioning of the fuel injection pump is only up to the so-called

Grenzdrehzahl gewährleistet, die nicht überschritten werden darf. Solche Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpen werden daher bevorzugt bei langsam laufenden Dieselmotoren eingesetzt.Limit speed guaranteed, which must not be exceeded. Such fuel injection pumps are therefore preferably used in slow-running diesel engines.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, daß die Antriebswelle mit höheren Drehzahlen, die im Bereich der Grenzdrehzahl liegen, angetrieben werden kann, ohne daß ein Abheben des Pumpenkolbens von dem Nockengetriebe zu befürchten ist. Durch den nach Förderende im Pumpenarbeitsraum aufrecht erhaltenen Restdruck, der unterhalb des Einspritzdrucks liegt und damit die Kraftstoffeinspritzung und die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge nicht beeinflußt, wird auf den Pumpenkolben eine Gegenkraft ausgeübt, die die Hubscheibe mit erhöhtem Anpreßdruck auf die Rollen aufpreßt und ein Abspringen des Pumpenkolbens bei den höheren Drehzahlen zuverlässig verhindert.The fuel injection pump according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the drive shaft can be driven at higher speeds, which are in the range of the limit speed, without fear of lifting the pump piston from the cam gear. Due to the residual pressure maintained in the pump work chamber after the end of delivery, which is below the injection pressure and thus does not influence the fuel injection and the injected fuel quantity, a counterforce is exerted on the pump piston, which presses the lifting disc onto the rollers with increased contact pressure and prevents the pump piston from jumping off the higher speeds reliably prevented.

Durch die in den weiteren Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the fuel injection pump specified in claim 1 are possible through the measures listed in the further claims.

Der unterhalb des Einspritzdruckes liegende Restdruck kann gemäß zweckmäßiger Ausführungsformen der Erfindung in verschiedener Weise aufrecht erhalten werden.The residual pressure below the injection pressure can be maintained in various ways according to expedient embodiments of the invention.

In einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Magentventil nach seiner am Förderende erfolgten Entregung wieder mit einem Steuerstrom belegt, der so bemessen ist, daß die durch ihm erzeugte elektromagnetische Kraft das Magnetventil nicht vollständig zu schließen vermag, so daß über den nur teilweise geschlossenen Entlastungskanal Kraftstoff aus dem Pumpenarbeitsraum gedrosselt abfließen kann, der unter Einspritzdruck abgesenkte Druck im Pumpenarbeitsraum sich also verlangsamt abbaut.In a first embodiment of the invention, the magnetic valve after its de-excitation at the end of delivery is again supplied with a control current which is dimensioned such that the electromagnetic force generated by it is not able to completely close the solenoid valve, so that fuel is only partially closed through the relief channel drain throttled from the pump work area can, the pressure reduced under injection pressure in the pump workspace is reduced.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Magnetventil nach Entregung am Förderende und dem damit schlagartigen Absinken des Drucks im Pumpenarbeitsraum bis unter den Einspritzdruck wieder mit Stromimpulsen erregt. Während der Dauer eines Stromimpulses wird das Magnetventil zum Teil oder vollständig geschlossen, in den Impulspausen zum Teil oder vollständig geöffnet, so daß der mittlere Restdruck im Pumpenarbeitsraum sich ebenfalls nur verlangsamt abbaut.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, after de-excitation at the delivery end and the sudden drop in pressure in the pump work space, the solenoid valve is excited again with current pulses below the injection pressure. During the duration of a current pulse, the solenoid valve is partially or completely closed, partially or fully opened during the pulse pauses, so that the mean residual pressure in the pump work space also decreases only slowly.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt einer Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe in schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
ein Diagramm des Hubs h des Pumpenkolbens der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe in Fig. 1 in Abhängigkeit vom Drehwinkel α der Antriebswelle (Fig. 2a) und ein zugeordnetes Diagramm der Ansteuerung des Magnetventils (Fig. 2b.
The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a longitudinal section of a fuel injection pump in a schematic illustration,
Fig. 2
a diagram of the stroke h of the pump piston of the fuel injection pump in Fig. 1 as a function of the angle of rotation α of the drive shaft (Fig. 2a) and an associated diagram of the control of the solenoid valve (Fig. 2b.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Bei der in Fig. 1 im Längsschnitt und schematisch dargestellten Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe ist in einem Pumpengehäuse 11 eine Buchse 12 angeordnet, in der ein gleichzeitig als Verteiler dienender Pumpenkolben 13 eine hin- und hergehende und gleichzeitig rotierende Bewegung ausführt. Der Pumpenkolben 13 ist durch ein Nockengetriebe 14 von einer Antriebswelle 15 angetrieben, welche synchron zu der Drehzahl der von der Einspritzpumpe mit Kraftstoff versorgten Brennkraftmaschine rotiert. Durch die Stirnfläche des Pumpenkolbens 13 und die Buchse 12 wird ein Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 begrenzt, welcher über eine Versorgungskanal 17 mit einem Pumpeninnenraum 18 im Pumpengehäuse 11 verbunden ist. Der Pumpeninnenraum 18 wird über eine Förderpumpe 19 mit Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffbehälter 20 versorgt. Aus dem Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 wird über eine Verteilernut 21 im Pumpenkolben 13 der Kraftstoff bei entsprechender Drehstellung des Pumpenkolbens 13 zu Druckleitungen 22 hin verteilt, die über die Buchse 12 und das Pumpengehäuse 11 zu Einspritzdüsen 13 an der Brennkraftmaschine führen. In dem dem Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 zugewandten Endbereich des Pumpenkolbens 13 sind zur Stirnfläche und damit zum Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 hin offene Längsnuten 24 am Pumpenkolben 13 vorgesehen, über die während des Saughubs des Pumpenkolbens 13 eine Verbindung zwischen dem Versorgungskanal 17 und dem Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 hergestellt wird. Vom Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 zweigt an einer durch den Pumpenkolben 13 nicht beeinflußbaren Stelle ein Entlastungskanal 26 ab, der auf die Saugseite des Pumpenkolbens 13 geführt ist und in dem Versorgungskanal 17 mündet. In dem Entlastungskanal 26 befindet sich ein Ventilsitz 27 mit dem ein Ventilschließglied 28 zusammenarbeitet, das von einem Elektromagneten 29 betätigt wird. Ventilsitz 27, Ventilschließglied 28 und Elektromagneten 29 sind Teil eines Magnetventils 30, das den Querschnitt des Entlastungskanals 26 je nach Erregung des Elektromagneten 29 öffnet oder schließt. Zur Ansteuerung des Magnetventils 30 dient ein elektronisches Steuergerät 31, das einen Steuerstrom in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Betriebskenngrößen der Brennkraftmaschine, wie Last L, Drehzahl n, Temperatur ϑ und anderen, generiert.In the fuel injection pump shown in longitudinal section and schematically in FIG. 1, a bushing 12 is arranged in a pump housing 11, in which a pump piston 13, which also serves as a distributor, executes a reciprocating and simultaneously rotating movement. The pump piston 13 is driven by a cam gear 14 from a drive shaft 15, which rotates synchronously with the speed of the internal combustion engine supplied with fuel by the injection pump. A pump working space 16 is delimited by the end face of the pump piston 13 and the bushing 12 and is connected via a supply channel 17 to a pump interior 18 in the pump housing 11. The pump interior 18 is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank 20 via a feed pump 19. From the pump working chamber 16, the fuel is distributed via a distributor groove 21 in the pump piston 13, with the pump piston 13 in a corresponding rotational position, to pressure lines 22, which lead via the bushing 12 and the pump housing 11 to injection nozzles 13 on the internal combustion engine. In the end region of the pump piston 13 facing the pump working chamber 16, longitudinal grooves 24 on the pump piston 13, which are open towards the end face and thus towards the pump working chamber 16, are provided, via which a connection between the supply channel 17 and the pump working chamber 16 is established during the suction stroke of the pump piston 13. A relief duct 26 branches off from the pump working space 16 at a point that cannot be influenced by the pump piston 13 and is guided on the suction side of the pump piston 13 and opens into the supply duct 17. In the relief channel 26 there is a valve seat 27 with which a valve closing member 28 cooperates, which is actuated by an electromagnet 29. Valve seat 27, valve closing member 28 and electromagnet 29 are part of a solenoid valve 30 which opens or closes the cross section of the relief channel 26 depending on the excitation of the electromagnet 29. To control the solenoid valve 30, an electronic control unit 31 is used, which generates a control current as a function of various operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as load L, speed n, temperature ϑ and others.

Das Magnetventil 30 und das Steuergerät 31 bestimmen in bekannter Weise während des Förderhubs des Pumpenkolbens 13 Spritzbeginn und Spritzende der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe. Im nicht erregten Zustand des Magnetventils 30 ist das Ventilschließglied 28 vom Ventilsitz 27 abgehoben und damit der Entlastungskanal 26 geöffnet, so daß sich im Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 kein zum Öffnen der Einspritzdüsen 23 ausreichender Einspritzdruck aufbauen kann. Durch Erregung des Magnetventils 30 wird das Ventilschließglied 28 auf den Ventilsitz 27 aufgepreßt, wodurch der Förderbeginn FB gekennzeichnet ist, und es erfolgt im Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 ein Druckaufbau. Statt der Füllung des Pumpenarbeitsraumes über die Längsnuten 24 ist es hier auch möglich und vorteilhaft, die Füllung über den Entlastungskanal 26 vorzunehmen bei im Saughub geöffnetem Magnetventil 30. Kraftstoff wird über die Verteilernut 21 zu den Einspritzdüsen 23 gefördert und dort in die jeweilige Brennkammer der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt. Die Entregung des Magnetventils 30 ist gleichbedeutend mit dem Förderende FE, da hierdurch der Ventilsitz 27 ganz geöffent wird und ein Druckabfall im Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 erfolgt. In dem Zeitraum zwischen dem Förderbeginn FB, also dem Erregen des Magnetventils 30, und dem Förderende FE, also dem Entregen des Magnetventils 30, wird über die Einspritzdüsen 13 eine Kraftstoffmenge in die Brennkammern der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt. Diese eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge stellt eine Teilmenge, der während eines Förderhubs des Pumpenkolbens 13 maximal möglichen geförderten Kraftstoffmenge dar. In Fig. 2a ist die Hubkurve h des Pumpenkolbens 13 als Funktion des Drehwinkels α der Antriebswelle 15 dargestellt. Förderbeginn FB und Förderende FE sind eingetragen. In Fig. 2b ist der am Magnetventil 30 anliegende Steuerstrom dargestellt. Förderbeginn FB und Förderende FE fallen jeweils mit den Impulsflanken des Steuerstroms zusammen.The solenoid valve 30 and the control unit 31 determine the start and end of injection of the fuel injection pump in a known manner during the delivery stroke of the pump piston 13. In the non-energized state of the solenoid valve 30, the valve closing member 28 is lifted off the valve seat 27 and thus the relief channel 26 is opened, so that no sufficient injection pressure can be built up in the pump work chamber 16 to open the injection nozzles 23. By energizing the solenoid valve 30, the valve closing member 28 is pressed onto the valve seat 27, which indicates the start of delivery FB, and a pressure build-up takes place in the pump work chamber 16. Instead of filling the pump working space via the longitudinal grooves 24, it is also possible and advantageous here to carry out the filling via the relief channel 26 with the solenoid valve 30 open in the suction stroke. Fuel is conveyed via the distributor groove 21 to the injection nozzles 23 and there into the respective combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine injected. The de-excitation of the solenoid valve 30 is synonymous with the delivery end FE, since this completely opens the valve seat 27 and causes a pressure drop in the pump work chamber 16. In the period between the start of delivery FB, that is, the energization of the solenoid valve 30, and the end of delivery, that is, the de-energization of the solenoid valve 30, a quantity of fuel is injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine via the injection nozzles 13. This injected fuel quantity represents a partial quantity of the maximum possible quantity of fuel delivered during a delivery stroke of the pump piston 13. FIG. 2a shows the stroke curve h of the pump piston 13 as a function of the angle of rotation α of the drive shaft 15. Start of support FB and end of support FE are entered. 2b shows the control current applied to solenoid valve 30. Start of funding FB and end of funding FE coincide with the pulse edges of the control current.

Das an sich bekannte Nockengetriebe 14 ist in Fig. 1 nur schematisch angedeutet. Es weist einerseits eine Klauenkupplung zur drehschlüssigen Verbindung von Antriebswelle 15 und Pumpenkolben 13, die zugleich eine Hubbewegung des Pumpenkolbens 13 zuläßt, und andererseits eine mit dem Pumpenkolben 13 fest verbundene Stirnnocken- oder Hubscheibe 32 auf, die von einer hier nicht zu sehenden Druckfeder auf Rollen 33 eines im Pumpengehäuse 11 konzentrisch zur Antriebsachse 15 gehaltenen Rollenrings aufgepreßt wird. Der Verlauf der Erhebungen oder Stirnnocken auf der Stirnfläche der Hubscheibe 32 bestimmt den axialen Hub des Pumpenkolbens 13.The known cam gear 14 is only indicated schematically in FIG. 1. On the one hand, it has a claw coupling for the rotational connection of the drive shaft 15 and the pump piston 13, which is also a Stroke movement of the pump piston 13 permits, and on the other hand a front cam or lifting disk 32 firmly connected to the pump piston 13, which is pressed onto a roller 33 of a roller ring held in the pump housing 11 concentrically with the drive axis 15 by a compression spring (not shown here). The course of the elevations or end cams on the end face of the lifting disk 32 determines the axial stroke of the pump piston 13.

Die maximale Drehzahl der Antriebswelle 15 ist durch die sog. Grenzdrehzahl festgelegt. Bei Überschreiten dieser Grenzdrehzahl oder bei ungünstiger Toleranzlage bereits nahe dieser erfolgt ein Abspringen des Pumpenkolbens 13 vom Nockengetriebe 14, d.h. die Hubscheibe 32 wird nicht mehr ausreichend fest an die Rollen 33 angepreßt, und die feste Zuordnung zwischen Drehlage der Antriebswelle 15 und axialem Hub des Pumpenkolbens 13 (vergl. Fig. 2a) ist nicht mehr gewährleistet. Um ein solches Abspringen des Pumpenkolbens 13 zu verhindern, wird das Magnetventil 30 nach Förderende FE von dem Steuergerät 31 derart angesteuert, daß im Pumpenarbeitsraum 16 bis nahe dem oberen Totpunkt OT des Pumpenkolbens 13 ein unterhalb des Einspritzdruckes liegender Restdruck erhalten bleibt. Dieser Restdruck wirkt in axialer Richtung auf den Pumpenkolben 13 und erhöht die Anpreßkraft der mit dem Pumpenkolben 13 fest verbundenen Hubscheibe 32 an die Rollen 33. Diese erhöhte Anpreßkraft verhindert zuverlässig das Abspringen des Pumpenkolbens 13 und verschiebt die Grenzdrehzahl zu höheren Drehzahlen. Dieser unterhalb des Einspritzdruckes liegender Restdruck wird dadurch erzeugt, daß nach Förderende das Magnetventil 30 von dem Steuergerät 31 mit mehreren Steuerimpulsen angesteuert wird, wie diese in Fig. 2b dargestellt sind. Jeder Steuerimpuls bewirkt für die Dauer seines Auftretens eine teilweise oder auch vollständige Schließung des Magnetventils 30, so daß sich im Bereich geringer Kolbengeschwindigkeit des Pumpenkolbens 13 nahe dem oberen Totpunkt OT ein mittlerer Druck aufbaut, der unterhalb des Einspritzdruckes liegt.The maximum speed of the drive shaft 15 is determined by the so-called limit speed. If this limit speed is exceeded or if the tolerance position is unfavorable, the pump piston 13 jumps off the cam gear 14, ie the lifting disk 32 is no longer pressed sufficiently firmly against the rollers 33, and the fixed association between the rotational position of the drive shaft 15 and the axial stroke of the pump piston 13 (see FIG. 2a) is no longer guaranteed. In order to prevent such a jumping off of the pump piston 13, the solenoid valve 30 is actuated by the control unit 31 after the end of delivery FE in such a way that a residual pressure below the injection pressure is maintained in the pump work chamber 16 up to near the top dead center TDC of the pump piston 13. This residual pressure acts in the axial direction on the pump piston 13 and increases the contact pressure of the lifting disk 32 fixedly connected to the pump piston 13 against the rollers 33. This increased contact pressure reliably prevents the pump piston 13 from jumping off and shifts the limit speed to higher speeds. This residual pressure, which is below the injection pressure, is generated in that after the end of delivery, the solenoid valve 30 is controlled by the control unit 31 with a plurality of control pulses, as shown in FIG. 2b. Each control pulse causes a partial or complete closure of the solenoid valve 30 for the duration of its occurrence, so that in the low piston speed range the Pump piston 13 builds up an average pressure near top dead center OT, which is below the injection pressure.

Anstelle der impulsweisen Ansteuerung des Magnetventils 30 zum aufeinanderfolgenden auch nur teilweisen Öffnen und Schließen kann der an das Magnetventil 30 gelegte Steuerstrom kontinuierlich sein und so bemessen, daß die von ihm hervorgerufene Kraft zum Verschieben des Ventilschließgliedes 28 in Richtung Ventilsitz 27 nur zum teilweisen Schließen des Magnetventils 30 ausreichend ist. Dadurch kann während des nach Förderende verbleibenden Kolbenhubs Kraftstoff nur gedrosselt über den Entlastungskanal 26 in den Versorgungskanal 17 abfließen, so daß durch den restlichen Kolbenhub des Pumpenkolbens 13 ein unter dem Einspritzdruck liegender Restdruck erzeugt wird. Der an dem Magnetventil 30 hierbei anliegende Steuerstrom ist in Fig. 2b strichliniert angedeutet.Instead of the pulsed actuation of the solenoid valve 30 for successive even only partial opening and closing, the control current applied to the solenoid valve 30 can be continuous and dimensioned such that the force caused by it for displacing the valve closing member 28 in the direction of the valve seat 27 only for partially closing the solenoid valve 30 is sufficient. As a result, during the remaining piston stroke after the end of delivery, fuel can only flow throttled via the relief channel 26 into the supply channel 17, so that a residual pressure below the injection pressure is generated by the remaining piston stroke of the pump piston 13. The control current applied to the solenoid valve 30 is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2b.

Claims (4)

  1. Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, having a pump working space (16) which is bounded by a pump piston (13) reciprocated by a cam drive (14) and from which a fuel injection nozzle (23) is supplied with fuel at fuel injection pressure via a pressure conduit (22) during the delivery stroke of the pump piston (13) and which is connected via a supply passage (17) to a pump internal space (18) filled with fuel at supply pressure during the suction stroke of the pump piston (13) and can be relieved via a relief passage controlled by a magnetic valve, the beginning of high pressure supply from the pump piston being determined by the relief passage being shut off by the magnetic valve and the end of the high pressure supply by the pump piston being determined by the opening of the relief passage by the magnetic valve and having a control unit (31) controlling the magnetic valve, characterized in that the magnetic valve (30) is controlled after the end of delivery in such a way that the residual pressure in the working space (16) is smaller than the fuel injection pressure but larger than the pressure in the pump internal space (18) and, in order to increase the pressure force of the pump piston on the cam drive (14), the pump piston (13) is subjected to the residual pressure.
  2. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that after the end of delivery, the magnetic valve (30) has a control current applied to it again, which control current is dimensioned in such a way that the electromagnetic force generated by it is only sufficient for the partial closing of the magnetic valve (30).
  3. Fuel injection pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that after the end of delivery, the magnetic valve (30) is activated by a plurality of control pulses of which each individual pulse effects a partial or complete closing of the magnetic valve (30) for the duration of its appearance.
  4. Fuel injection pump according to one of Claims 1-3, characterized in that the activation of the magnetic valve (30) after the end of delivery takes place until close to the top dead centre (OT) of the pump piston stroke (13).
EP90916699A 1989-12-29 1990-11-24 Fuel injection pump Expired - Lifetime EP0507779B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3943245A DE3943245A1 (en) 1989-12-29 1989-12-29 FUEL INJECTION PUMP
DE3943245 1989-12-29
PCT/DE1990/000903 WO1991010060A1 (en) 1989-12-29 1990-11-24 Fuel injection pump

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0507779A1 EP0507779A1 (en) 1992-10-14
EP0507779B1 true EP0507779B1 (en) 1994-07-27

Family

ID=6396575

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90916699A Expired - Lifetime EP0507779B1 (en) 1989-12-29 1990-11-24 Fuel injection pump

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5538397A (en)
EP (1) EP0507779B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05502709A (en)
DE (2) DE3943245A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991010060A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4137252A1 (en) * 1991-11-13 1993-05-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
JP2015206266A (en) * 2014-04-17 2015-11-19 株式会社デンソー fuel supply control device
US11428196B1 (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-08-30 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel system and control strategy limiting component separation in pushrod actuation train

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2741088A (en) * 1950-09-29 1956-04-10 Rolls Royce Flow control means for internal-combustion engine fuel systems
DE3144277C2 (en) * 1981-11-07 1995-06-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines
DE3436768A1 (en) * 1984-10-06 1986-04-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart METHOD FOR CONTROLLING FUEL INJECTION IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, AND FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
DE3507853A1 (en) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE FUEL INJECTION AMOUNT
DE3633107A1 (en) * 1986-04-10 1987-10-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3843162A1 (en) * 1988-12-22 1990-06-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991010060A1 (en) 1991-07-11
JPH05502709A (en) 1993-05-13
DE3943245A1 (en) 1991-07-04
DE59006649D1 (en) 1994-09-01
US5538397A (en) 1996-07-23
EP0507779A1 (en) 1992-10-14

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