EP0504502A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de déchets qui contiennent des substances nocives - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de déchets qui contiennent des substances nocives Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0504502A1
EP0504502A1 EP91250171A EP91250171A EP0504502A1 EP 0504502 A1 EP0504502 A1 EP 0504502A1 EP 91250171 A EP91250171 A EP 91250171A EP 91250171 A EP91250171 A EP 91250171A EP 0504502 A1 EP0504502 A1 EP 0504502A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
gas
bed
processed
fluidized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91250171A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Klaus Dr.-Ing. Schott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuettner GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Kuettner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4109136A external-priority patent/DE4109136C2/de
Application filed by Kuettner GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Kuettner GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0504502A1 publication Critical patent/EP0504502A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying

Definitions

  • processing material such as industrial dusts and sludges, such as those obtained, for example, and in particular in iron and non-ferrous metallurgy, in filter systems, in washer systems, sewage treatment plants, etc., mill scale, (foundry) used sand and the like, in which a bed of bulk material heated from above is fluidized into a fluidized bed by introducing (fluid) gas at least in the region of an upper layer.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out the aforementioned method with a bed-forming wall, within which a bed consisting at least partially of material to be processed is to be formed, a fluidizing device for introducing fluidizing gas into the bed to form a fluidized bed, a heating device for heating the fluidized bed, and an exhaust pipe for discharging the combustion gases.
  • waste materials of the aforementioned type are generated in large quantities in all possible technological processes and used to be - sometimes. until recently - as such dumped on landfills.
  • the binder bentonite or the like is used.
  • the surface of the sand grains is fixed in a shell-like manner by fireclaying (oolithisation), while molding sands with organic binders undergo thermal decomposition in the course of the casting process and thus sticky residues of carbon-rich degradation products of the organic binders on the surface of the sand grains.
  • fireclaying oolithisation
  • organic binders undergo thermal decomposition in the course of the casting process and thus sticky residues of carbon-rich degradation products of the organic binders on the surface of the sand grains.
  • additives that contaminate the old sand such as sizing, glossy carbon, etc.
  • a number of particularly pneumatic or mechanical processing methods are known for processing used sand, which separate the sands into a reusable material fraction and a non-convertible waste fraction that is enriched with pollutants.
  • mechanical or mechanical / pneumatic processing can process the used sand to such an extent that a waste fraction is formed which only contains a small amount of material and which is not economically recoverable.
  • the waste fraction is a particularly fine-grained, pollutant-rich substance that has to be decontaminated. When this substance is decontaminated, the total burnout of the organic substance must be ensured by a corresponding residence time in the reactor.
  • mill scale which is known to be a mixture of FE and / or FEO and / or FE3O4 and FE2O3 with water and oil, which in different Grain (predominantly smaller than 500 ⁇ m) with partly very different levels of oil and water is obtained, whereby mill scale generally has only a relatively small proportion of other impurities such as Zn, Pb and alkalis.
  • mill scale can be returned to a metallurgical production process as a very valuable raw material.
  • waste materials such as sewage sludge, sludge from wet washing of furnace systems etc., contaminated soil, residues from production processes in the paint industry and the like. as well as other pasty or (at least partially) liquid substances or fine-grained solids of various types contaminated with pollutants.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method (and a device suitable for carrying it out) with which such waste materials are both technically and economically and last but not least ecologically satisfactory with extensive separation or destruction of their pollutant components to reusable raw materials are to be processed.
  • the material systems to be processed have different material properties, that of material conversion (combustion, drying, etc.) and the movement of substances in the fluidized bed must be taken into account.
  • Solids have to be processed at different (limit) temperatures, whereby the maximum permissible temperature results from the properties of the respective solid.
  • limit temperatures
  • the length of time the solid remains in the fluidized bed up to the desired degree of material conversion depends on the solid and its grain structure.
  • the solution to the procedural part of the above task generally consists in that the at least partially.
  • Fluidized bed consisting of processing material is optionally additionally heated from above, the heating intensity being controllable or adjustable - that is, adjustable - so that the solid temperature on the one hand and the gas temperature prevailing in the gas space above the fluidized bed on the other hand - preferably separately - can be adjusted , it being expedient if - independently of this - the amount of fluid gas required to generate the optimal fluidization state can be adjusted. This is particularly true for very fine-grained reprocessed material.
  • the fluidized bed can consist essentially entirely of material to be processed or, in an embodiment of the invention, can also contain a granular carrier material, in the latter case the material to be processed preferably being supplied to the carrier material in the lower third of the fluidized bed.
  • the grain size of the carrier material is preferably (at least predominantly) larger than the particle size of the material to be processed, in order to ensure that the material to be processed can be viewed from the carrier material without falling below the required dwell time.
  • the bulk density of the carrier material is preferably greater than the bulk density of the reprocessed material in these cases, and in particular also by the choice of the relative bulk densities, the dwell time of the material to be processed in the carrier layer during processing can be set as it were.
  • the carrier material is at least substantially spherical.
  • the fluidized bed can be operated in a manner known per se at least partially in a circulating manner and otherwise either oxidizing or also reducing, in which case the exhaust gas is to be subjected to an aftertreatment.
  • the fluid gas can consist essentially of air (i.e. not of fuel), the amount of fluid gas supplied to the fluidized bed over time being dimensioned such that the oxygen it contains is (just) sufficient to contain the amount contained in the processed material
  • the vortex speed of which is another highly preferred embodiment of the present invention can be adjustable within wide limits.
  • the very fine-grained material to be processed is usually reduced Add water agglomerated to a suitable grain size. This prevents the fluidized bed from overheating and at the same time ensures that the required dwell time of the fine particles in the fluidized bed is maintained by the time required for the agglomerates to dissolve.
  • the fluidized bed is preferably formed from the coarse fraction contained in the material to be processed.
  • the fluidized bed is most preferably heated from above, preferably with high-speed burners, gaseous fuels having proven to be particularly useful as additional fuel (in addition to the fuel already contained in the substance to be processed).
  • the fluidized bed is preferably kept at a steady temperature of about 750 to 950 ° C.
  • the temperature in the solid on the one hand and in the gas space above the fluidized bed on the other hand can be set differently, and also the dwell time of the material to be processed in the fluidized bed.
  • the fluidizing speed of the fluidized bed can be adjusted within wide limits in order to be able to adapt the operating conditions as optimally as possible to the respective needs of the material being processed.
  • separator downstream of the fluidized bed. Separating solids, where it can then still be highly expedient to partially return the separated solid to the fluidized bed.
  • mill scale this is introduced according to the invention into a hot, heated fluidized bed of high thermal capacity, which in this case is operated with a (different) carrier material or specifically with coarse mill scale, the fine mill scale appropriately disposed of overhead and the coarse scale on the foot the fluidized bed can be disposed of.
  • a carrier material or specifically with coarse mill scale
  • the moisture contained in the mill scale to be processed evaporates spontaneously when it is introduced into the fluidized bed, whereby / whereby the oil contained in the mill scale is also finely atomized and the oil adhering to the mill scale is spontaneously gasified, so that it is completely oxidized with the fluidizing gas air (or oxygen) constantly supplied to the fluidized bed.
  • the drawing shows a schematic representation of a bunker 1 in which the waste material is collected.
  • the waste material is fed to a moistening and agglomerating device 2 and the agglomerates formed here are introduced into the fluidized bed furnace 3.
  • the agglomerates in their outer layer are suddenly heated to an operating temperature of approx. 800 to 850 ° C, the inorganic Pollutants can be fully implemented with the help of atmospheric oxygen. As a result of the good movement in the fluidized bed, the agglomerates are slowly consumed.
  • Fine-grained solids are discharged overhead from the fluidized bed. These solids are separated from the gas flow in a separator 6 in order to protect the downstream heat exchanger 5 against wear.
  • Solids leave the fluidized bed overhead or via side discharges 7a or 7b, the discharge 7b being used only from time to time for the disposal of non-vertebrate material.
  • the furnace gas is cooled in a heat exchanger 5 while preheating the fluidized air.
  • the solid In order to cool the solid discharged above the head and separated in the separator and the solid discharged laterally from the fluidized bed, the solid passes through a cooler 8.
  • a high-speed burner 10 which is controllable with regard to its heating power is indicated above the fluidized bed 3, the burner mouth 11 of which can be adjusted to the wall 12 of the fluidized bed furnace 9 and to the surface 13 of the fluidized bed 3, namely the high-speed burner 10 is essentially in the center arranged and held on a bracket, not shown, in the roof of the fluidized bed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
EP91250171A 1991-03-20 1991-06-29 Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de déchets qui contiennent des substances nocives Withdrawn EP0504502A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4109136A DE4109136C2 (de) 1990-03-20 1991-03-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten schadstoffbelasteter Abfallstoffe
DE4109136 1991-03-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0504502A1 true EP0504502A1 (fr) 1992-09-23

Family

ID=6427797

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91250171A Withdrawn EP0504502A1 (fr) 1991-03-20 1991-06-29 Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de déchets qui contiennent des substances nocives

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0504502A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04295507A (fr)
BR (1) BR9104441A (fr)
CA (1) CA2056194A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX9101507A (fr)
RU (1) RU2062796C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5395596A (en) * 1993-05-11 1995-03-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed reactor and method utilizing refuse derived fuel
US20160379727A1 (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-12-29 Studsvik, Inc. Apparatus and methods for treatment of radioactive organic waste

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB740567A (en) * 1952-04-22 1955-11-16 Celleco Ab Method and installation for regulating the heat transfer conditions in fluidised solids processes
CH440527A (de) * 1962-12-19 1967-07-31 Haniel & Lueg Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Klärschlamm unter Verwendung eines Wirbelschichtofens
DE2410477A1 (de) * 1973-11-21 1975-05-22 Babcock Hitachi Kk Verfahren zur verbrennung von industrieabfall
EP0093632A1 (fr) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-09 Electricite De France Procédé et installation de chauffage d'un lit fluidisé par injection de plasma, et applications à la synthèse des oxydes d'azote, à la gazéification d'une substance carbonée et à la réduction des minerais
EP0345467A1 (fr) * 1988-05-10 1989-12-13 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Réacteur à lit fluidifié

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB740567A (en) * 1952-04-22 1955-11-16 Celleco Ab Method and installation for regulating the heat transfer conditions in fluidised solids processes
CH440527A (de) * 1962-12-19 1967-07-31 Haniel & Lueg Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Klärschlamm unter Verwendung eines Wirbelschichtofens
DE2410477A1 (de) * 1973-11-21 1975-05-22 Babcock Hitachi Kk Verfahren zur verbrennung von industrieabfall
EP0093632A1 (fr) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-09 Electricite De France Procédé et installation de chauffage d'un lit fluidisé par injection de plasma, et applications à la synthèse des oxydes d'azote, à la gazéification d'une substance carbonée et à la réduction des minerais
EP0345467A1 (fr) * 1988-05-10 1989-12-13 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Réacteur à lit fluidifié

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX9101507A (es) 1992-09-01
RU2062796C1 (ru) 1996-06-27
JPH04295507A (ja) 1992-10-20
BR9104441A (pt) 1992-11-24
CA2056194A1 (fr) 1992-09-21

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