EP0504452B1 - Process and apparatus for charging particles - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for charging particles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0504452B1 EP0504452B1 EP91104307A EP91104307A EP0504452B1 EP 0504452 B1 EP0504452 B1 EP 0504452B1 EP 91104307 A EP91104307 A EP 91104307A EP 91104307 A EP91104307 A EP 91104307A EP 0504452 B1 EP0504452 B1 EP 0504452B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- particles
- electrode
- radiator
- friction charger
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/003—Pretreatment of the solids prior to electrostatic separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/16—Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/28—Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets
- B03C3/30—Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets in which electrostatic charge is generated by passage of the gases, i.e. tribo-electricity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/38—Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation or flames
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/006—Charging without electricity supply, e.g. by tribo-electricity, pyroelectricity
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for charging particles according to the introductory part of claim 1.
- Friction chargers of this type are described, for example, in the brochure "ESB electrostatic automatic powder coating systems", page 13, from the company ESB, Meersburg (FRG), undated.
- This charge strongly depends on the dielectric properties of the particles.
- DE-C-744 361 points out that the dielectric constant of surfaces can be influenced by irradiation with UV light in order to support an electrostatic separation process.
- a good insulator is charged differently than a bad one, so that the good insulator material can be separated from the bad one in an electrical field.
- EP-A-0 241 555 it is known to irradiate particles suspended in air with UV light and then to separate them in an electrostatic filter.
- the invention has for its object to provide a device for efficient charging of particles.
- the device according to the invention enables high charging efficiency.
- the physical mechanism (the work function of the electrons from the material) of the charge transfer changes in a positive way for precharged particles in the friction charger.
- the charge difference between the particles achieved on impact with the neutral wall (in the friction charger) can be particularly intensified, because one polarity discharges while the other receives additional charges . This leads to better selectivity.
- UV excimer lamp As is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,837,484 or EP-A-0 254 111.
- UV excimer lamp generate high-energy UV radiation in a well-defined wavelength range and their geometry can be easily adapted to the process.
- the main advantage of these emitters is that the radiation is very narrow-band (monochromatic), so that very specific energies of the photons are emitted. It can be charged very effectively and selectively.
- the device according to the invention is particularly suitable for the selective charging of ash-forming and sulfur-containing constituents in pulverized coal, because these constituents are charged differently as particles which practically consist entirely of coal.
- the device for charging particles shown in FIG. 1 comprises a UV radiation device 1 and a friction charger 2 directly adjoining it.
- the UV radiation device consists of two concentric quartz tubes 3, 4, which have an annular space between them, the discharge space 5, set free.
- the outer quartz tube 3 is provided on the outside with a metallization 6, which serves as an outer electrode.
- a metal tube or metal grid can also be used.
- a high voltage source 8 is connected to the two electrodes 6 and 7 such that the inner electrode 7 is at ground potential.
- a protective tube 9 made of quartz covers the inner electrode 7 from the inside. The interior of the protective tube 9 forms the radiation chamber 10.
- the discharge space 5 is filled with a gas or gas mixture which forms excimers under discharge conditions.
- a gas or gas mixture which forms excimers under discharge conditions.
- UV excimer emitters of the type described are known and are the subject of the European patent application mentioned at the outset, where the gases or gas mixtures in the discharge space 5 are also described in detail in relation to the wavelength of the UV radiation generated.
- UV emitter 1 In addition to the illustrated embodiment of the UV emitter 1, other configurations are also suitable, for example UV excimer emitters as described in German Offenlegungsschriften DE-A-40 10 190 or 40 22 279.
- the friction charger 2 consists essentially of an earthed metal tube 11. Because the contact charging of solids (and particles) is heavily dependent on the electrical properties of the wall material (the tube 11), the metal tube 11 consists of an alloy of metal with rare earths (La , Ce, Ce iron) or it has an insert made of such a material.
- the metal tube 11 consists of an alloy of metal with rare earths (La , Ce, Ce iron) or it has an insert made of such a material.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of a friction charger results if the friction charging is supported by an additional electric field.
- Such a supercharger is illustrated in FIG. 3, for example.
- a first electrode 12 Arranged in a first tube 11 which is at earth potential is a first electrode 12 which runs in the longitudinal direction of the tube and which has a negative potential with respect to earth potential.
- a sieve-shaped extension 13 At the lower end of the tube 11 there is a sieve-shaped extension 13, which has a funnel-shaped end 14 with an outlet opening 15. The first electrode 12 extends into the funnel-shaped end 15 of the extension 13.
- a second tube 16 coaxially surrounds the sieve-shaped attachment 13 while leaving an annular gap 17 and serves as a second electrode lying at positive potential.
- a gas stream 18 symbolized by arrows can be introduced into the annular space 17 through this annular gap 17.
- a collecting funnel 19 is provided under the outlet opening 15.
- a rotationally symmetrical guide device 20 is arranged at the lower end of the second pipe 16 and within the same.
- the first tube 11 consists of a material suitable for optimal frictional charging. Alloys of metals with rare earths, such as lanthanum, cerium, cerium iron, or coated with rare earths are particularly suitable or steamed metal parts. It is particularly advantageous to insert an insert 21 made of such a material into the tube 11.
- the insert 21 consists of a spirally wound metal strip or metal wire, which abuts the inner wall of the tube 11 everywhere or is spaced apart and replaceable. In this way, the abrasion of the special material is reduced and the maintenance friendliness of the system is increased. If the individual turns of the insert 21 do not lie on top of one another, the "active" surface of the insert is enlarged.
- the operation of the device described above is evident from the following:
- the mixture containing the particles to be loaded is fed at the upper end of the tube 11 in the direction of the arrow.
- the particles are negatively charged by contact with the tube walls.
- the low work function of the rare earths ensures a high negative charge of the particles.
- the particles charged in this way are deflected in the sieve-shaped attachment under the influence of the field acting between the inner electrodes 12 and outer electrode 16 to the (positive) outer electrode 16 and conveyed through the meshes 22 of the sieve-like attachment 13.
- the particles Before reaching the positive electrode (tube 16), the particles are entrained and discharged by the outer gas stream 18 at a suitable flow rate.
- Negatively charged particles that reach the positive electrode lose their charge can be removed from the electrode by suitable devices, for example tapping devices, brushes or the like, and can be fed back to the charger. The same applies to particles that have not received sufficient charging in the charger. These pass through the lower part of the funnel-shaped end 14 into the collecting funnel 19 and are also returned or separated. This creates a negatively charged particle flow at the outlet of the supercharger, which contains few or no more uncharged particles.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zur Aufladung von Partikeln gemäss dem einleitenden Teil des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for charging particles according to the introductory part of
Bei der elektrostatischen Separation von Partikeln, z.B. Kohleteilchen, werden in einem Reibungsauflader (TRIBO-Auflader) fein gemahlene Partikel durch Stösse an Festkörpern, z.B. Wänden, aufgeladen. Reibungsauflader dieser Art sind beispielsweise im Prospekt "ESB Elektrostatik-Automatik-Pulverbeschichtungs-Systeme", Seite 13, der Firma ESB, Meersburg (BRD), undatiert, beschrieben. Diese Aufladung hängt stark von den dielektrischen Eigenschaften der Partikel ab. So wird in der DE-C-744 361 darauf hingewiesen wird, dass durch Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht die Dielektrizitätskonstante von Oberflächen beeinflusst werden kann, um einen elektrostatischen Trennprozess zu unterstützen. Ein guter Isolator wird dabei anders als ein schlechter aufgeladen, sodass man das gute Isolatormaterial vom schlechten in einem elektrischen Feld trennen kann. Je nach Kombination der zu trennenden Materialien können sogar Aufladungen mit verschiedener Polarität vorkommen. Durch mehrere Stösse werden weitere Ladungen auf die Partikel gebracht; jedoch nicht mehr so viele wie bei früheren Stössen, weil schliesslich eine Sättigung erreicht wird. Effiziente Reibungsauflader sollen durch möglichst wenig Stösse diese "maximale" Ladungsdichte erreichen.In the electrostatic separation of particles, for example carbon particles, finely ground particles are charged in a friction charger (TRIBO charger) by collisions with solid bodies, for example walls. Friction chargers of this type are described, for example, in the brochure "ESB electrostatic automatic powder coating systems",
Aus der EP-A-0 241 555 ist es bekannt, in Luft suspendierte Partikel mit UV-Licht zu bestrahlen und anschliessend in einem elektrostatischen Filter abzuscheiden.From EP-A-0 241 555 it is known to irradiate particles suspended in air with UV light and then to separate them in an electrostatic filter.
Es ist auch schon lange bekannt, (DE-C-394 577), die in Gasen schwebenden Partikel durch Bestrahlung mit Licht von geeigneter Wellenlänge, für welche sie lichtelektrisch empfindlich sind, positiv zu laden und unmittelbar hinter dem Bestrahlungsraum durch ein hinreichend starkes elektrisches Feld abzuscheiden.It has also been known for a long time (DE-C-394 577) to positively charge the particles suspended in gases by irradiation with light of a suitable wavelength for which they are photoelectrically sensitive, and directly behind the irradiation area by a sufficiently strong electric field to separate.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Einrichtung zur effizienten Aufladung von Partikeln anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide a device for efficient charging of particles.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Patentnasprüchen gekennzeichneten Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features characterized in the patent claims.
Die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung ermöglicht eine hohe Effizienz der Aufladung. Darüber hinaus ändert sich der physikalische Mechanismus (die Austrittsarbeit der Elektronen aus dem Material) des Ladungsübergangs in positiver Weise für vorgeladene Partikel im Reibungsauflader. Bei Substratkombinationen, bei denen Aufladung verschiedener Polarität vorkommt, kann z.B. bei positiver Vorab-Aufladung die erzielte Ladungsdifferenz zwischen den Partikeln beim Stoss mit der neutralen Wand (im Reibungsaulader) besonders verstärkt werden, weil sich die eine Polarität entlädt, während die andere zusätzliche Ladungen erhält. Dadurch wird eine bessere Selektivität erzielt.The device according to the invention enables high charging efficiency. In addition, the physical mechanism (the work function of the electrons from the material) of the charge transfer changes in a positive way for precharged particles in the friction charger. In the case of substrate combinations in which charging of different polarities occurs, for example in the case of positive pre-charging, the charge difference between the particles achieved on impact with the neutral wall (in the friction charger) can be particularly intensified, because one polarity discharges while the other receives additional charges . This leads to better selectivity.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Voraufladung mittels eines UV-Excimerstrahlers erfolgt, wie er beispielsweise in der US-Patentschrift 4,837,484 oder der EP-A-0 254 111 beschrieben ist. Diese neuen UV-Excimerstrahler erzeugen energiereiche UV-Strahlung in einem wohldefinierten Wellenlängenbereich und lassen sich hinsichtlich ihrer Geometrie leicht dem Prozess anpassen. Der Hauptvorteil dieser Strahler liegt darin, dass die Strahlung sehr schmalbandig (monochromatisch) ist, so dass ganz spezifische Energien der Photonen abgestrahlt werden. Damit kann sehr effektiv und selektiv aufgeladen werden.It is particularly advantageous if the precharge is carried out by means of a UV excimer lamp, as is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,837,484 or EP-A-0 254 111. These new UV excimer lamps generate high-energy UV radiation in a well-defined wavelength range and their geometry can be easily adapted to the process. The main advantage of these emitters is that the radiation is very narrow-band (monochromatic), so that very specific energies of the photons are emitted. It can be charged very effectively and selectively.
Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Aufladung der Partikel im Reibungsauflader durch ein elektrische Feld unterstützt wird und die aufgeladenen Partikel nach Verlassen des Reibungsaufladers durch Einwirken eines elektrischen Feldes umgekehrter Polarität von den ungeladenen separiert werden.It is also advantageous if the charging of the particles in the friction charger is supported by an electrical field and the charged particles are separated from the uncharged ones after leaving the friction charger by the action of an electrical field of opposite polarity.
Die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung eignet sich insbesondere zur selektiven Aufladung aschebildender und schwefelhaltiger Bestandteile in pulverisierter Kohle, weil diese Bestandteile als Partikel unterschiedlich aufgeladen werden, die praktisch zur Gänze nur aus Kohle bestehen.The device according to the invention is particularly suitable for the selective charging of ash-forming and sulfur-containing constituents in pulverized coal, because these constituents are charged differently as particles which practically consist entirely of coal.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere mit ihr erzielbare Vorteile werden nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention and further advantages which can be achieved with it are explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.
In der Zeichnung zeigt
- Fig.1
- in schematisierter Form eine Einrichtungen zur elektrostatischen Aufladung von Partikeln, bestehend aus einem UV-Strahler mit nachgeschaltetem Reibungsauflader;
- Fig.2
- einen Querschnitt durch die Einrichtung nach Fig.1 längs deren Linie AA;
- Fig.3
- eine Abwandlung der Einrichtung nach Fig.1 mit einem feldunterstützen Reibungsauflader.
- Fig. 1
- in schematic form, a device for electrostatic charging of particles, consisting from a UV lamp with a downstream friction charger;
- Fig. 2
- a cross section through the device of Figure 1 along the line AA;
- Fig. 3
- a modification of the device of Figure 1 with a field-assisted friction charger.
Die in Fig.1 dargestellte Einrichtung zur Aufladung von Partikeln umfasst eine UV-Bestrahlungseinrichtung 1 und einen sich unmittelbar daran anschliessenden Reibungsauflader 2. Die UV-Bestrahlungsvorrichtung besteht aus zwei konzentrischen Quarzrohren 3, 4, die zwischen sich einen ringförmigen Raum, den Entladungsraum 5, freilassen. Das äussere Quarzrohr 3 ist aussen mit einer Metallisierung 6 versehen, welche als Aussenelektrode dient. Anstelle eines mit einer Metallisierung 6 versehenen Quarzrohres 3 kann auch ein Metallrohr oder Metallgitter verwendet werden.The device for charging particles shown in FIG. 1 comprises a
Auf der dem Entladungsraum 5 abgewandten Innenwand des inneren Rohres 4 ist eine für UV-Strahlung transparente Innenelektrode 7 in Gestalt eines Drahtnetzes angeordnet. An die beiden Elektroden 6 und 7 ist eine Hochspannungsquelle 8 angeschlossen, derart, dass die Innenelektrode 7 auf Erdpotential liegt. Ein Schutzrohr 9 aus Quarz deckt die Innenelektrode 7 nach innen ab. Das Innere des Schutzrohrs 9 bildet den Bestrahlungsraum 10.On the inner wall of the
Der Entladungsraum 5 ist mit einem unter Entladungsbedingungen Excimere bildenden Gas bzw. Gasgemisch gefüllt. UV-Excimerstrahler der beschriebenen Art sind bekannt und Gegenstand der eingangs genannten Europäischen Patentanmeldung, wo auch die Gase bzw. Gasgemische im Entladungsraum 5 in Relation zur Wellenlänge der erzeugten UV-Strahlung detailliert beschrieben sind.The
Neben der dargestellten Ausführungsform des UV-Strahlers 1 eignen sich auch andere Konfigurationen, z.B. UV-Excimerstrahler wie sie in den deutschen Offenlegungsschriften DE-A-40 10 190 oder 40 22 279 beschrieben sind.In addition to the illustrated embodiment of the
Der Reibungsauflader 2 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem geerdeten Metallrohr 11. Weil die Kontaktaufladung von Festkörpern (und Partikeln) stark von den elektrischen Eigenschaften des Wandmaterials (des Rohres 11) abhängig ist, besteht das Metallrohr 11 aus einer Legierung von Metall mit seltenen Erden (La,Ce,Ce-Eisen) oder es weist einen Einsatz aus einem solchen Material auf.The
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform eines Reibungsaufladers ergibt sich, wenn die Reibungsaufladung durch ein zusätzliches elektrisches Feld unterstützt wird. Ein derartiger Auflader ist in Fig.3 beispielsweise veranschaulicht.A particularly advantageous embodiment of a friction charger results if the friction charging is supported by an additional electric field. Such a supercharger is illustrated in FIG. 3, for example.
In einem auf Erdpotential liegenden ersten Rohr 11 ist eine in Rohrlängsrichtung verlaufende erste Elektrode 12 angeordnet, die gegenüber Erdpotential Negativ-Potential aufweist. Am unteren Ende des Rohres 11 schliesst sich ein siebartiger Ansatz 13 an, der ein trichterförmiges Ende 14 mit einer Austrittsöffnung 15 aufweist. Die erste Elektrode 12 ragt bis in das trichterförmige Ende 15 des Ansatzes 13 hinein.Arranged in a
Eine zweites Rohr 16 umgibt unter Belassung eines Ringspaltes 17 koaxial den siebförmigen Ansatz 13 und dient als zweite, auf Positiv-Potial liegende Elektrode. Durch diesen Ringspalt 17 ist ein durch Pfeile symbolisierter Gasstrom 18 in den Ringraum 17 einleitbar.A
Unter der Austrittsöffnung 15 ist ein Auffangtrichter 19 vorgesehen. Am unteren Ende des zweiten Rohres 16 und innerhalb desselben ist eine rotationssymmetrische Leiteinrichtung 20 angeordnet.A
Das erste Rohr 11 besteht aus einem für optimale Reibungsaufladung geeigneten Material. In Frage kommen dabei besonders Legierungen von Metallen mit seltenen Erden, wie Lanthan, Cer, Cer-Eisen, oder mit seltenen Erden beschichtete oder bedampfte Metallteile. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, in das Rohr 11 einen Einsatz 21 aus einem derartigen Material einzusetzen. Im Beispielsfall besteht der Einsatz 21 aus einem spiralig gewundenen Metallband oder Metalldraht, die überall an der Innenwand des Rohres 11 anliegen oder von dieser distanziert und auswechselbar sind. Auf diese Weise wird der Abrieb des speziellen Materials verringert und die Wartungsfreundlichkeit der Anlage erhöht. Liegen die einzelnen Windungen des Einsatzes 21 nicht aufeinander, ergibt sich eine Vergrösserung der "aktiven" Oberfläche des Einsatzes.The
Die Wirkungsweise des im vorstehenden beschriebenen Einrichtung geht aus folgendem hervor:
Das die zu ladenden Partikel enthaltende Gemenge wird am oberen Ende des Rohres 11 in Pfeilrichtung zugeführt. Die Partikel werden durch Kontakt mit den Rohrwänden negativ aufgeladen. Die niedrige Austrittsarbeit der seltenen Erden gewährleistet eine hohe negative Aufladung der Partikel. Die so aufgeladenen Teilchen werden im siebförmigen Ansatz unter Einfluss des zwischen der Innenelektroden 12 und Aussenelektrode 16 wirkenden Feldes zur (positiven) Aussenelektrode 16 abgelenkt und durch die Maschen 22 des siebartigen Ansatzes 13 befördert. Vor dem Erreichen der positiven Elektrode (Rohr 16) werden die Teilchen durch den äusseren Gasstrom 18 mit geeigneter Strömungsgeschwindigkeit mitgerissen und ausgetragen. Negativ geladene Teilchen, welche die positive Elektrode erreichen, verlieren ihre Ladung, können durch geeignete Vorrichtungen, z.B. Klopfvorrichtungen, Bürsten o.ä., von der Elektrode entfernt und dem Auflader erneut zugeführt werden. Gleiches gilt für Partikel, die im Auflader keine ausreichende Aufladung erhalten haben. Diese gelangen durch den unteren Teil des trichterförmigen Endes 14 in den Auffangtrichter 19 und werden ebenfalls zurückgeführt oder separiert. Dadurch wird am Ausgang des Aufladers ein negativ geladener Partikelfluss erzeugt, der wenige oder keine ungeladenen Partikel mehr enthält.The operation of the device described above is evident from the following:
The mixture containing the particles to be loaded is fed at the upper end of the
- 11
- UV-Excimer-StrahlerUV excimer lamp
- 22nd
- ReibungsaufladerFriction charger
- 3,43.4
- QuarzrohreQuartz tubes
- 55
- EntladungssraumDischarge room
- 66
- Metallisierung von 3Metallization of 3
- 77
- InnenelektrodeInner electrode
- 88th
- HochspannungsquelleHigh voltage source
- 99
- SchutzrohrProtective tube
- 1010th
- BestrahlungsraumIrradiation room
- 1111
- erstes Rohrfirst tube
- 1212th
- InnenelektrodeInner electrode
- 1313
- siebartiger Ansatzsieve-like approach
- 1414
- trichterförmiges Ende von 13funnel-shaped end of 13
- 1515
- Austrittsöffnung an 11Outlet opening at 11
- 1616
- zweites Rohr (Aussenelektrode)second tube (outer electrode)
- 1717th
- Ringspalt zwischen 13 und 16Annular gap between 13 and 16
- 1818th
- GasstromGas flow
- 1919th
- AuffangtrichterCollecting funnel
- 2020th
- LeiteinrichtungControl device
- 2121
- Einsatz in 11Use in 11th
- 2222
- Maschen von 13 bzw. 14Stitches of 13 or 14
Claims (10)
- Device for charging particles in a friction charger downstream of which there is connected an electrostatic separating device for the separation of uncharged particles, characterized essentially by a UV radiator (1), preferably a UV excimer radiator, which radiator is connected directly upstream of a friction charger (2), and through whose irradiation space (10) a stream of particles to be irradiated can be led, and in that the UV radiator is constructed as a cylinder/inner radiator having two concentric, mutually distanced tubes (3, 4), of which the inner tube (4), facing the irradiation space (10), consists of dielectric material, preferably quartz, that is transparent to UV radiation, the surface, facing the irradiation space (10), of the inner tube (4) is provided with an electrode (7) that is transparent to UV radiation, and the outer tube is provided with an outer electrode (6) or consists of metal.
- Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that an electric field is provided for supporting the charging of the particles in the friction charger and the charged particles are separated from the uncharged particles after leaving the friction charger (2) by the effects of an electric field of reverse polarity.
- Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that means are provided for generating an additional air stream (18) that is led outside the friction charger (2) and does not affect the charged particles until after frictional charging.
- Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by a friction charger (2) essentially having a grounded cylindrical tube (11) having at least one first electrode (12) that is at a negative potential and extends in the longitudinal direction of the tube and at least one second electrode (16) that is at a positive potential and is arranged downstream of said tube (11) seen in the direction of flow of the particles.
- Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the lower part of said tube (11) is constructed as a sieve or has a sieve-like attachment (13) that acts as a separating zone, said separating zone being arranged in the sphere of action of the electric field between the first (12) and second electrode (16).
- Device according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the cylindrical tube (11) consists of material having a low work function, preferably of rare-earth elements, or is coated or vapour-deposited inside with such a material.
- Device according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in the cylindrical tube (11) an insert (21), preferably in the shape of a helix, consists of a material having a low work function, preferably of rare-earth elements, or is coated or vapour-deposited with such a material, which insert (21) bears against the inner wall of the tube (11) or is arranged distanced from it.
- Device according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said material is lanthanum, cerium or cerium/iron or an alloy containing these substances.
- Device according to one of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that a first electrode (12) is arranged in the central region of said tube (11), and in that a second electrode (16) is likewise constructed in the shape of a tube having a diameter larger than that of the first tube (1) and is directly joined to the end of the first tube (11) on the downstream side.
- Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that an auxiliary flow (18) in the direction of flow of the particles can be introduced into the annular space (17) between the two tubes (11, 16).
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES91104307T ES2075238T3 (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1991-03-20 | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR LOADING PARTICLES. |
| EP91104307A EP0504452B1 (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1991-03-20 | Process and apparatus for charging particles |
| DE59105873T DE59105873D1 (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1991-03-20 | Method and device for charging particles. |
| US07/884,198 US5288305A (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1992-05-18 | Method for charging particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91104307A EP0504452B1 (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1991-03-20 | Process and apparatus for charging particles |
| US07/884,198 US5288305A (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1992-05-18 | Method for charging particles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0504452A1 EP0504452A1 (en) | 1992-09-23 |
| EP0504452B1 true EP0504452B1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
Family
ID=26128768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91104307A Expired - Lifetime EP0504452B1 (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1991-03-20 | Process and apparatus for charging particles |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5288305A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0504452B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59105873D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2075238T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4305704B4 (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 2006-02-16 | Matter + Siegmann Ag | Method and device for analyzing particles in a gas |
| US5802623A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1998-09-08 | Vincent; Ray T. | Electronic air deodorizer and method of using same |
| US5938041A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-08-17 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Apparatus and method for triboelectrostatic separation |
| JP2001239131A (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-04 | Mamoru Nakasuji | Desulfurization/denitration equipment and boiler equipment |
| DE10133831C1 (en) * | 2001-07-12 | 2003-04-10 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Method and device for the selective removal of gaseous pollutants from the ambient air |
| US6646256B2 (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2003-11-11 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Atmospheric pressure photoionization source in mass spectrometry |
| DE102005031265A1 (en) | 2005-07-05 | 2007-01-18 | Sms Demag Ag | Expandable coiler mandrel |
| US7393385B1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-07-01 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatus and method for electrostatically depositing aerosol particles |
| CN103084271B (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2016-01-06 | 浙江大学 | A kind of regulate and control the method for ature of coal in coal gasifying process |
| CN106560252B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-03 | 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 | One kind friction electric dust collector, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method |
| WO2017088584A1 (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Triboelectric dust removal device, dust removal system, and dust removal method |
| CN106563570B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-01-05 | 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 | Gas dust-removing device, dust pelletizing system and dust removal method with agitation part |
| CN106560250B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-05-08 | 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 | A kind of dedusting module and gas dust-removing device |
| CN106560251B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-05-11 | 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 | A kind of dedusting module and cartridge-type gas dust-extraction unit |
| CN106560249B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-05-08 | 北京中科纳清科技股份有限公司 | A kind of drum-type gas dust-removing device |
| CN106694227B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-09-07 | 王珏 | A kind of gas purification dust-extraction unit |
| CN106881198B (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-11-06 | 潍坊学院 | A kind of method of charged insulating particle filtering gas |
| CN108176509B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-05-12 | 北京科技大学 | Contact electrostatic instantaneous gas particulate matter purifier |
| CN110835893B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-18 | 江西捷达交通工程有限责任公司 | From dust type town road rail guard |
| NL2025646B1 (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-12-07 | Staticair Holding B V | Device for removing dust particles and pathogens from an airflow, and use of such a device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE394577C (en) * | 1921-11-20 | 1924-04-15 | Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks Akt | Process for the electrical purification of gases |
| DE744361C (en) * | 1942-05-27 | 1944-09-06 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Method and device for electrostatic separation |
| GB848687A (en) * | 1955-09-06 | 1960-09-21 | Holger Lueder | Apparatus for imparting unipolar charges to particles |
| DE1084246B (en) * | 1956-03-08 | 1960-06-30 | Otto Schmid Dr Ing | Centrifugal separator in cyclone design |
| US3403252A (en) * | 1960-02-29 | 1968-09-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Air processing apparatus and ion generator comprising an electromagnetic radiation source and a stable electron emitting photosensitive member |
| US3653185A (en) * | 1968-10-08 | 1972-04-04 | Resource Control | Airborne contaminant removal by electro-photoionization |
| FR2360199A1 (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-02-24 | Pellin Henri | NEGATIVE IONIZER |
| CH649231A5 (en) * | 1980-10-28 | 1985-05-15 | Hans Christoph Siegmann Prof D | METHOD FOR ELECTRICALLY CHARGING FLOATING PARTICLES IN GASES. |
| JPS61178050A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-08-09 | Ebara Corp | Method and apparatus for purifying air by irradiation of ultraviolet rays |
| CH669341A5 (en) * | 1986-03-26 | 1989-03-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| DE3611947A1 (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1987-10-08 | Dumitru Dr Ing Cucu | Electrostatically assisted, mechanical folded filter element |
| CH670171A5 (en) * | 1986-07-22 | 1989-05-12 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| DE3711312A1 (en) * | 1987-04-03 | 1988-10-13 | Daimler Benz Ag | DIESEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH AN EXHAUST SYSTEM |
| JP2623290B2 (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1997-06-25 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Gas cleaning method and apparatus |
| US5060805A (en) * | 1989-06-20 | 1991-10-29 | Ebara Research Co., Ltd. | Photoelectron emitting member |
| DE4022279A1 (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1991-02-21 | Asea Brown Boveri | Irradiating non-electrolytes from gas - filled discharge chamber by applying high potential electric source to electrodes using cylindrical electrode connected by dielectric layer |
| DE4010190A1 (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-02 | Asea Brown Boveri | RADIATION DEVICE |
-
1991
- 1991-03-20 DE DE59105873T patent/DE59105873D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-20 EP EP91104307A patent/EP0504452B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-20 ES ES91104307T patent/ES2075238T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-05-18 US US07/884,198 patent/US5288305A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5288305A (en) | 1994-02-22 |
| ES2075238T3 (en) | 1995-10-01 |
| DE59105873D1 (en) | 1995-08-03 |
| EP0504452A1 (en) | 1992-09-23 |
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