EP0499696A2 - Process for the decontamination of surfaces and solid objects - Google Patents
Process for the decontamination of surfaces and solid objects Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0499696A2 EP0499696A2 EP91119904A EP91119904A EP0499696A2 EP 0499696 A2 EP0499696 A2 EP 0499696A2 EP 91119904 A EP91119904 A EP 91119904A EP 91119904 A EP91119904 A EP 91119904A EP 0499696 A2 EP0499696 A2 EP 0499696A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- decontamination
- molecular weight
- alkali metal
- low molecular
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/02—Chemical warfare substances, e.g. cholinesterase inhibitors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a new method for decontamination of surfaces and objects contaminated with chemical hazardous substances, and to the means necessary for this.
- it relates to a method and means for the decontamination of surfaces and objects which are contaminated with cholinesterase-inhibiting substances of the organophosphate type and / or with dermatotoxic substances of the dichlorodiethyl sulfide type.
- pollutants dissolved in water are detoxified if 10 to 50 ppm of low molecular weight alkali metal aluminates per liter are added to the water.
- organophosphates are in particular compounds of the structure wherein R1 and R2 are short-chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or amino groups and X is an easily removable group such as halogen, cyanide, phenoxy or thiol group.
- the treated areas and objects are free of pollutants, and on the other hand the solutions contaminated with the detached pollutants are not toxic.
- the method according to the invention for the decontamination of surfaces such as floors, walls, masonry and solid objects such as equipment, machines or clothing consists in treating them with a solution which contains low molecular weight alkali metal aluminates.
- Aqueous solutions are preferably used.
- organic, pollutant-containing particles up to 40% more contain water-compatible, organic solvents such as low mono- or polyhydric alcohols or ketones.
- aqueous solutions or the solutions containing water and solvents can additionally contain one or more surfactants.
- the surfactants can be both neutral and (in the case of purely aqueous solutions) anionic or cationic in nature. Their amount is in the range from 0.05 to 2% by weight, based on the finished solution.
- Natural low-molecular alkali metal aluminates as known from DE-A 37 07 909 or DE-A 37 36 623 can be used and are effective in the agents according to the invention as well as synthetic by oxidation of polyhydric phenols in a weakly alkaline aqueous medium according to DE-A 37 07 910 manufactured low molecular weight alkali aluminates. These are dark brown, water-soluble products with an average molecular weight of 1,000, with a range from 300 to 1,500.
- These low molecular weight alkali metal aluminates are present in the agents used according to the invention in an amount of 0.05 to 6% by weight, preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably in an amount of 1 to 2% by weight. , based on the finished solution.
- the agents according to the invention are also stored and transported as a concentrate and are diluted to the desired concentration shortly before use.
- a stainless steel plate (10 x 10 cm) is contaminated with 0.5 g parathion.
- the plate After a contact time of 30 minutes, the plate is rinsed with 100 ml of distilled water and then placed in a vessel filled with 5 l of water and Daphnia magna as test organism. The survival of the test organisms is more than 24 hours.
- Example 1 a test plate made of concrete (10 x 10 cm) is contaminated with 0.5 g Metasystox, then sprayed with 20 ml of a 1% aqueous solution of a low molecular weight alkali metal aluminate, rinsed off and the decontamination is tested using Daphnia magna.
- the survival of the test organisms is more than 24 hours.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein neues Verfahren zur Dekontamination von mit chemischen Gefahrstoffen verunreinigten Flächen und Gegenständen sowie die hierzu notwendigen Mittel.The invention relates to a new method for decontamination of surfaces and objects contaminated with chemical hazardous substances, and to the means necessary for this.
Insbesondere betrifft es ein Verfahren und Mittel zur Dekontamination von Flächen und Gegenständen, die mit cholinesterasehemmenden Stoffen vom Typ Organophosphate und/oder mit dermatotoxischen Stoffen vom Typ Dichlordiethylsulfid kontaminiert sind.In particular, it relates to a method and means for the decontamination of surfaces and objects which are contaminated with cholinesterase-inhibiting substances of the organophosphate type and / or with dermatotoxic substances of the dichlorodiethyl sulfide type.
Die Dekontamination von Flächen und Gegenständen, die mit Stoffen der beschriebenen Klassen verunreinigt sind, ist sehr problematisch.The decontamination of surfaces and objects that are contaminated with substances of the classes described is very problematic.
Einerseits steht die rasche Dekontamination im Vordergrund, andererseits aber werden nach dem Stand der Technik die toxischen Stoffe nicht detoxifiziert, sondern nur abgewaschen und gelangen mit ihrer vollen biologischen Wirkung in die Umwelt.On the one hand, rapid decontamination is in the foreground, but on the other hand, according to the state of the art, the toxic substances are not detoxified, but only washed off and reach the environment with their full biological effect.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, universell einsetzbare Verfahren und Mittel bereitzustellen mit denen kontaminierte Flächen rasch dekontaminiert und die von diesen Flächen entfernten toxischen Stoffe detoxifiziert werden und bei denen die Umweltbelastung und die Gefahr für Menschen minimiert wird.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide universally applicable methods and agents with which contaminated areas are quickly decontaminated and the toxic substances removed from these areas are detoxified and in which the environmental impact and the risk to humans are minimized.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch Verfahren zur Dekontamination gemäß der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 sowie durch Mittel zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Ansprüche 5 bis 9.The object is achieved by methods for decontamination according to claims 1 to 4 and by means of carrying out the method according to claims 5 to 9.
Gemäß einer früheren Anmeldung der Anmelderin (P 40 22 795.2) werden im Wasser gelöste Schadstoffe detoxifiziert, wenn dem Wasser 10 bis 50 ppm niedermolekulare Alkalihuminate pro Liter zugegeben werden.According to an earlier application by the applicant (P 40 22 795.2), pollutants dissolved in water are detoxified if 10 to 50 ppm of low molecular weight alkali metal aluminates per liter are added to the water.
Es wurde gefunden, daß Flächen und feste Gegenstände, die mit Schadstoffen kontaminiert sind, sich in einfacher Weise dekontaminieren lassen, wenn sie mit einer Lösung behandelt werden, die niedermolekulare Alkalihuminate enthält.It has been found that surfaces and solid objects contaminated with contaminants can be easily decontaminated if they are treated with a solution containing low molecular weight alkali metal aluminates.
Dabei erfolgt sowohl eine Ablösung der Schadstoffe von der jeweiligen kontaminierten Oberfläche als auch eine biologische Unwirksamkeit der Schadstoffe in dem mit ihnen beladenen Mittel.This removes the pollutants from the respective contaminated surface as well as the biological ineffectiveness of the pollutants in the agent loaded with them.
Diese Wirkung wird insbesondere bei Kontamination mit Organophosphaten sowie N-Lost und S-Lost gefunden.This effect is found particularly in the case of contamination with organophosphates as well as N-Lost and S-Lost.
Derartige Organophosphate sind insbesondere Verbindungen der Struktur
wobei R¹ und R² kurzkettige Alkyl-, Alkoxy-, Alkylthio- oder Aminogruppen und X eine leicht abspaltbare Gruppe wie Halogen-, Cyanid-, Phenoxy- oder Thiol-Gruppe bedeuten.Such organophosphates are in particular compounds of the structure
wherein R¹ and R² are short-chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or amino groups and X is an easily removable group such as halogen, cyanide, phenoxy or thiol group.
Diese Verbindungen wirken dadurch toxisch, daß sie die Acetylcholinesterase irreversibel blockieren.These compounds are toxic in that they irreversibly block acetylcholinesterase.
Nach der erfindungsgemäß durchgeführten Dekontamination sind einerseits die behandelten Flächen und Gegenstände frei von Schadstoffen, andererseits sind die mit den abgelösten Schadstoffen belasteten Lösungen nicht toxisch.After the decontamination carried out according to the invention, on the one hand the treated areas and objects are free of pollutants, and on the other hand the solutions contaminated with the detached pollutants are not toxic.
Demzufolge besteht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Dekontamination von Flächen wie Böden, Wänden, Mauerwerk und festen Gegenständen wie Geräten, Maschinen oder Kleidungsstücken darin, daß diese mit einer Lösung behandelt werden, die niedermolekulare Alkalihuminate enthält. Bevorzugt werden wäßrige Lösungen eingesetzt. Diese können aber auch, um organische, schadstoffhaltige Partikel besser vom Untergrund abzulösen, zusätzlich bis zu 40 % wasserverträgliche, organische Lösemittel wie etwa niedrige ein- oder mehrwertige Alkohole oder Ketone enthalten.Accordingly, the method according to the invention for the decontamination of surfaces such as floors, walls, masonry and solid objects such as equipment, machines or clothing consists in treating them with a solution which contains low molecular weight alkali metal aluminates. Aqueous solutions are preferably used. However, in order to separate organic, pollutant-containing particles from the substrate, up to 40% more contain water-compatible, organic solvents such as low mono- or polyhydric alcohols or ketones.
Desweiteren können die wäßrigen Lösungen oder die Wasser und Lösemittel enthaltenden Lösungen zusätzlich ein oder mehrere Tenside enthalten. Hierbei können die Tenside sowohl neutral als auch (bei rein wäßrigen Lösungen) anionischer oder kationischer Natur sein. Ihre Menge liegt im Bereich von 0,05 bis 2 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die fertige Lösung.Furthermore, the aqueous solutions or the solutions containing water and solvents can additionally contain one or more surfactants. The surfactants can be both neutral and (in the case of purely aqueous solutions) anionic or cationic in nature. Their amount is in the range from 0.05 to 2% by weight, based on the finished solution.
In den erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln einsetzbar und wirksam sind sowohl natürliche niedermolekulare Alkalihuminate, wie sie aus DE-A 37 07 909 oder DE-A 37 36 623 bekannt sind, als auch synthetisch durch Oxidation von mehrwertigen Phenolen in schwach alkalischem wäßrigem Medium entsprechend DE-A 37 07 910 hergestellte niedermolekulare Alkalihuminate. Es sind dies dunkelbraune, wasserlösliche Produkte mit einem mittleren Molekulargewicht von 1.000, bei einem Streubereich von 300 bis 1.500.Natural low-molecular alkali metal aluminates as known from DE-A 37 07 909 or DE-A 37 36 623 can be used and are effective in the agents according to the invention as well as synthetic by oxidation of polyhydric phenols in a weakly alkaline aqueous medium according to DE-A 37 07 910 manufactured low molecular weight alkali aluminates. These are dark brown, water-soluble products with an average molecular weight of 1,000, with a range from 300 to 1,500.
Diese niedermolekularen Alkalihuminate sind in den erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Mitteln in einer Menge von 0,05 bis 6 Gew.-% bevorzugt in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 5 Gew.-%, insbesondere bevorzugt in einer Menge von 1 bis 2 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die fertige Lösung, gelöst.These low molecular weight alkali metal aluminates are present in the agents used according to the invention in an amount of 0.05 to 6% by weight, preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably in an amount of 1 to 2% by weight. , based on the finished solution.
Es gehört mit zum Erfindungsgedanken, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Mittel auch als Konzentrat gelagert und transportiert werden, und kurz vor Gebrauch auf die gewünschte Konzentration verdünnt werden.It is part of the concept of the invention that the agents according to the invention are also stored and transported as a concentrate and are diluted to the desired concentration shortly before use.
Es ist auch möglich, die erfindungsgemäßen Mittel in fester Form herzustellen und zu lagern und erst kurz vor Gebrauch in Wasser zu lösen und ggf. mit einem organischen Lösemittel zu versetzen.It is also possible to produce and store the agents according to the invention in solid form and to dissolve them in water only shortly before use and, if necessary, to add an organic solvent.
Eine Platte aus Edelstahl (10 x 10 cm) wird mit 0,5 g Parathion kontaminiert.A stainless steel plate (10 x 10 cm) is contaminated with 0.5 g parathion.
Danach wird sie mit 20 ml einer 1%igen wäßrigen Lösung eines niedermolekularen Alkalihuminats (hergestellt nach dem Beispiel der EP-B-0 281 678) besprüht.It is then sprayed with 20 ml of a 1% strength aqueous solution of a low molecular weight alkali metal aluminate (prepared according to the example of EP-B-0 281 678).
Nach einer Einwirkzeit von 30 Minuten wird die Platte mit 100 ml destilliertem Wasser abgespült und danach in ein Gefäß gelegt, das mit 5 l Wasser und Daphnia magna als Testlebewesen gefüllt ist. Die Überlebensdauer der Testlebewesen beträgt mehr als 24 Stunden.After a contact time of 30 minutes, the plate is rinsed with 100 ml of distilled water and then placed in a vessel filled with 5 l of water and Daphnia magna as test organism. The survival of the test organisms is more than 24 hours.
Gemäß Beispiel 1 wird eine Prüfplatte aus Beton (10 x 10 cm) mit 0,5 g Metasystox kontaminiert, danach mit 20 ml einer 1%igen wäßrigen Lösung eines niedermolekularen Alkalihuminats besprüht, abgespült und die Dekontamination mit Hilfe von Daphnia magna getestet. Die Überlebensdauer der Testlebewesen beträgt mehr als 24 Stunden.According to Example 1, a test plate made of concrete (10 x 10 cm) is contaminated with 0.5 g Metasystox, then sprayed with 20 ml of a 1% aqueous solution of a low molecular weight alkali metal aluminate, rinsed off and the decontamination is tested using Daphnia magna. The survival of the test organisms is more than 24 hours.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4105395A DE4105395A1 (en) | 1991-02-21 | 1991-02-21 | METHOD AND MEANS FOR THE DECONTAMINATION OF SURFACES AND SOLID OBJECTS |
| DE4105395 | 1991-02-21 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0499696A2 true EP0499696A2 (en) | 1992-08-26 |
| EP0499696A3 EP0499696A3 (en) | 1992-09-09 |
| EP0499696B1 EP0499696B1 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
Family
ID=6425552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91119904A Expired - Lifetime EP0499696B1 (en) | 1991-02-21 | 1991-11-22 | Process for the decontamination of surfaces and solid objects |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5271772A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0499696B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE129164T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4105395A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2033598T1 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR920300118T1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996037265A2 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-28 | Arctech Inc. | Method for safely disposing of propellant and explosive materials and for preparing fertilizer compositions |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007035672A2 (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-03-29 | Terrenew, Llc | Removal of oils from solid surfaces and water with a substance having a high humate level |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3810788A (en) * | 1966-02-15 | 1974-05-14 | P Steyermark | Method for decontaminating chemical warfare agents |
| WO1989000463A1 (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1989-01-26 | Johansing P G Jr | Method for sequestering polyhalogenated biphenyls within solid waste |
| GB2215603A (en) * | 1988-02-11 | 1989-09-27 | Nat Energy Council | Composition having bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic activity |
| DE4022795A1 (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-01-23 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | METHOD FOR DETOXIFYING WATER AND MEDIUM HEREZU |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3707909A1 (en) * | 1987-03-12 | 1988-09-22 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | LOW MOLECULAR ALKALIHUMINATES, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF |
| DE3736623A1 (en) * | 1987-10-29 | 1989-05-11 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HUMINATE FACTION |
-
1991
- 1991-02-21 DE DE4105395A patent/DE4105395A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-11-22 DE DE59106730T patent/DE59106730D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-22 AT AT91119904T patent/ATE129164T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-22 ES ES199191119904T patent/ES2033598T1/en active Pending
- 1991-11-22 EP EP91119904A patent/EP0499696B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-02-03 US US07/829,952 patent/US5271772A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-03-16 GR GR920300118T patent/GR920300118T1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3810788A (en) * | 1966-02-15 | 1974-05-14 | P Steyermark | Method for decontaminating chemical warfare agents |
| WO1989000463A1 (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1989-01-26 | Johansing P G Jr | Method for sequestering polyhalogenated biphenyls within solid waste |
| GB2215603A (en) * | 1988-02-11 | 1989-09-27 | Nat Energy Council | Composition having bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic activity |
| DE4022795A1 (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1992-01-23 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | METHOD FOR DETOXIFYING WATER AND MEDIUM HEREZU |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 102, no. 21, 27. Mai 1985, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 180489X, S.GOLBS ET AL: 'Effect of humic acids on the acute toxicity of selected pesticides' Seite 181 ; * |
| SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED Section Ch, Week 8405, 14. März 1984 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class C, Page 6, AN 84-027944/05 & SU-A-1 005 915 (MAGN MINE METAL INS) 23. März 1983 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996037265A2 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-28 | Arctech Inc. | Method for safely disposing of propellant and explosive materials and for preparing fertilizer compositions |
| WO1996037265A3 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-12-27 | Arctech Inc | Method for safely disposing of propellant and explosive materials and for preparing fertilizer compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59106730D1 (en) | 1995-11-23 |
| US5271772A (en) | 1993-12-21 |
| EP0499696A3 (en) | 1992-09-09 |
| GR920300118T1 (en) | 1993-03-16 |
| DE4105395A1 (en) | 1992-08-27 |
| EP0499696B1 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
| ATE129164T1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
| ES2033598T1 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
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