EP0495805A1

EP0495805A1 - Roof ventilation

Info

Publication number: EP0495805A1
Application number: EP90914506A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gerhard Grebe; Hermann Schollmeyer
Original assignee: Mage-Dsi Werke fur Kunststoff- und Metallverarbeitung GmbH; MAGE Kunststoff AG; Mage Dsi Werke fur Kunst GmbH
Current assignee: MAGE KUNSTSTOFF AG
Priority date: 1989-10-11
Filing date: 1990-10-06
Publication date: 1992-07-29
Anticipated expiration: 2010-10-06
Also published as: FI921623A; WO1991005927A1; YU47835B; ATE181583T1; CA2067360A1; DE59010874D1; HU9201244D0; HUT60810A; FI921623A0; YU190590A; DE3933972A1; JPH07502084A; EP0495805B1; CS494990A3

Abstract

A roof ventilation arrangement with a roof ventilation valve (1) fitted beneath the ridge tile (4) has a gap (7) in the longitudinal edges in which are fitted inserts which cause the air flowing into the gap to eddy or divert it. The roof ventilation valve (1) may have devices by means of which the gap (7) can be completely closed so that there is a gap on the leeward side only. The suction effect thus achieved can be used to take off exhaust air from the inner roof space through the ventilation gaps to the outside on the leeward side.

Description

Ridge ventilation

The invention is based on a ridge ventilation on roofs with a ridge ventilation cap arranged underneath the ridge tile, which has rows of rows arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the roof, with their frontal mouth openings to the opposite roof slopes, which has individual channels that cross the cavity below the ridge tiles and that leads to the flow zones of the air are open.

Such a ridge ventilation has become known from DE-PS 3023083. The ridge ventilation on pitched roofs has become increasingly important in recent years because the construction of a roof has changed significantly due to the use of new materials and the use of the roof area, for example as living space. New materials, a more precise production of the materials and higher demands on thermal insulation have pushed many of the rules of roof construction that have been tried and tested in the past into the background. In the past, good ventilation of the roof to prevent the formation of condensation was given simply by the poor interlocking of the tiles. However, today's high roofing standard prevents a largely uncontrolled air exchange between the lower and upper air flow. Added to this is the fact that in the past the large volume of air in the floor space not used for residential purposes under sloping roofs could in many cases easily absorb the moisture. In the case of new roof constructions, the volume of air available for moisture is reduced to that which the ventilation gap between the thermal insulation and the layer above (underlay, silting or rainproof sub-roof) contains. In addition, good and quick heat dissipation should always be ensured even on hot summer days. The risk of local condensation and the resulting damage to the roof itself has increased. Therefore, a safe removal of moisture in the ventilation gap below the roof tiles is always to be striven for and it can only be achieved sufficiently by generating a strong air flow in the ventilation gap. This is defined by the DIN standard 4108. In the known ridge ventilation, the air can flow under the ridge tiles to a high degree on the windward side and can also flow out again on the leeward side. Air from the interior and from the ventilation gap under the roof covering panels can rise to the ridge and be discharged to the outside with the air flowing through the ridge area across the ridge beam.

If the air flow is directed across an inclined roof, the ridge tile serves as a tear-off edge for the air flow. A vacuum zone is created on the leeward side into which the air flows from the ventilation gaps, the interior and the ridge area, provided that the opening cross-sections towards the vacuum zone are sufficiently large and inexpensive. By such. A strong air circulation is generated in the ventilation gaps of the roof, which ensures good ventilation of sloping roofs.

The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a ridge ventilation of the type mentioned in such a way that the air flows which can be controlled in the ridge area are guided even better and are used for more effective ventilation of sloping roofs.

This object is achieved in that arrangements are provided distributed over the ridge ventilation cap, which provide greater resistance to the air flowing in from the outside than to the air flowing out into the outside.

The ridge ventilation according to the invention thus has the essential advantage that it builds up a greater resistance to air flowing in on the windward side than to the leeward side outflowing air. The ridge ventilation cap behaves in a wide range like aerodynamic throttle systems and uses the advantages already known from fluid dynamics. The air flowing on the windward side is not only swirled at the gap between the ridge tile and the ridge ventilation cap, but also deflected, so that a larger percentage of the air flowing through the ridge tiles in conventional ridge ventilation systems, as is known from DE-PS 30 23 083, flows over the ridge tiles. By this measure, the negative pressure under the ridge tile is sustainably stabilized and it is also effectively prevented that air flowing into the ridge area from the outside flows downward in the ventilation gap towards the eaves. In summary, the flow conditions are more defined than in the known ridge ventilation systems.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the arrangements consist of strips which have approximately the width which corresponds to the clear width of the gap between the roof covering plates and the free end of the ridge tiles.

This has the advantage that the air flow over the entire length of a roof is disturbed, partially swirled and deflected when entering under the ridge tiles.

If, as in a further embodiment of the invention, the strips are arranged on the roof covering plates and / or on the ridge tiles and / or on the longitudinal edge of the ridge ventilation cap, they can deflect the air to a greater or lesser extent due to their angle of attack with respect to the air flow. The strips can be fixed and stiff, not twisted by the wind, but they can also be pivoted and / or slidably mounted. So is the change in the angle of the strips Air flow only possible depending on the wind pressure and the wind direction. The employment of the strips to the roof slope can also be done via auxiliary drives, such as. B. electric drives can be controlled and regulated by anemometers attached to the roof. The strips can be arranged in such a way that they can close the windward gap between the longitudinal edge of the ridge tile and the roof covering plate. If this is the case, the air flowing into the ridge is completely directed over the ridge tiles.

The ridge tiles act as a tear-off edge for the air flow. A vacuum zone is created behind this tear-off edge on the leeward side. The cavity under the ridge tiles is only vented through this leeward side vacuum zone.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the strips are composed of strip sections in length, so it is possible to set different gap widths over the length of the roof. This can be particularly advantageous if the roof slope is flown from the side, not from the front and by winds that change in the direction.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the arrangements of aerodynamic bodies are arranged in the single channel.

This has the advantage that the flow resistance to inflowing air can also be kept large within a ridge ventilation cap. The starch bodies can support and improve the mode of operation of elongated wind-repellent strips on the longitudinal edge of the ridge ventilation cap. In the sense of sturgeon plates, designs can also act that laterally delimit individual channels. The inflowing air is opposed by flat, in particular concave, surfaces and edges. The incoming air is intensely disturbed. The air flowing out of the ridge area lies against the contour of the forms and flows much more evenly.

In a further embodiment of the invention, openings are provided at locations of the roof ridge ventilation cap that are favorable for flow.

This has the advantage that an air flow emerging from the ventilation gaps and the interior can rise as freely as possible into the ridge area via the ridge ventilation cap and flows out of the ridge area due to the suction effect to the vacuum zone.

In a further embodiment of the invention, sealing strips are provided in the edge region of the ridge ventilation cap pointing towards the roof covering plates.

This has the advantage that the ridge ventilation caps lie close to the roof covering panels and that a defined air exchange takes place through and over the ridge ventilation caps.

If a longitudinal edge with a triangular cross-section is attached to the ridge ventilation cap, its inclination to the air flow can result in a stall and thus a first effective deflection of the wind.

The ridge ventilation cap according to the invention thus meets all of the extended requirements in the area of Roof ventilation are required. The ridge ventilation cap makes full use of the advantages of already known ridge ventilation systems and improves them through increased forced ventilation.

Further advantages result from the description and the attached drawing. Likewise, the features mentioned above and those listed further can be used according to the invention individually or in any combination with one another. The mentioned embodiments are not to be understood as an exhaustive list, but rather have an exemplary character.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing and is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments in the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1 shows a short section of an inventive

Ridge ventilation in perspective, with a ridge ventilation cap, as it covers the space between the ridge beam and the roofing slabs;

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a ridge ventilation cap of a ridge ventilation according to the invention in a perspective view, a short section of the ridge ventilation cap showing the repetitive structural features;

Figure 3 shows a section transverse to the ridge beam with one half a further embodiment of a ridge ventilation cap;

FIG. 4 shows a section of a further exemplary embodiment of a ridge ventilation cap with star bodies, in plan view, as it extends on both sides of a ridge beam;

Figure 5 shows a portion of another embodiment of a ridge ventilation cap in a perspective view.

The individual figures of the drawing show the subject according to the invention in a highly schematic manner and are not to be understood to scale. The objects of the individual figures are shown partially enlarged so that their structure can be shown better.

In Figure 1 is a short section of a

Ridge ventilation system shown with a ridge ventilation cap 1. The ridge ventilation cap 1 rests on the one hand on a ridge beam 2 shown in the figure and is also attached to it, and on the other hand it lies with a longitudinal edge 3 on the surface of roofing panels. The ridge ventilation cap 1 covers the space between the ridge beam 2 and the roof covering panels. Such a free space exists on both sides of the ridge beam 2. In FIG. 1, however, only a short section is shown on one side of an inclined roof.

The ridge ventilation cap 1 is covered by ridge tiles 4, which are fastened to the ridge beam 2 by means of ridge brackets 5. With a shape 6 they rest on the ridge ventilation cap 1 and press it onto the roofing panels. Under the longitudinal edge 3, a sealing strip can also be attached to the ridge ventilation cap 1, which is intended to fill the gaps that still exist between the longitudinal edge 3 and the roofing panels. The ridge tiles 4 are always arranged in relation to the ridge ventilation cap 1 in such a way that there is a gap 7 between the ridge ventilation cap 1 and the ridge tiles 4 in the region of their longitudinal edges. The ridge tile 4 is always spaced apart from the ridge ventilation cap 1; it only lies directly against the ridge ventilation cap 1 via the formation 6.

The ridge ventilation cap 1 has, in its central region, features 11 which are provided with openings 12 in their walls. The features 11 are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction, so that 11 valleys are formed between the features. Starting from the base of the embossments 11, the ridge ventilation cap 1 slightly rises towards an edge 13. The edge 13 is followed by a steeply sloping surface section 14, which preferably has a concave shape. At the end of the surface section 14, a bar 15 is formed, which is triangular in cross section. In this embodiment, the end of the surface section 14 corresponds to the longitudinal edge 3.

Due to the spaced-apart features 11, individual channels 16 are formed on the ridge ventilation cap 1, which can have rigid bodies 17 on their base. The Stδrkδrper 17 are arranged on the ridge ventilation cap 1 so that it with a continuous contour towards the ridge beam without forming a shoulder in the surface of the Pass over the ridge ventilation cap 1. Pointing towards the longitudinal edge 3 of the ridge ventilation cap 1, the sturgeon bodies 17 are designed as surfaces which rise suddenly and, when the air flows against them, oppose them with greater resistance than the flow surfaces of the flow body 17 which face the ridge beam 2.

The outside area is to be understood as the surroundings of a sloping roof towards the atmosphere.

If air flows from the outside in the direction of the arrow 21 into the ridge area, this air can on the one hand flow into the gap 7 and on the other hand portions of the flow are deflected in the direction of the arrow 22. This flow portion of the air flows over the ridge tile 4 on the windward side. Furthermore, portions of the flow are deflected in the direction of the arrow 23, which is shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 1. This deflected flow contributes to the fact that parts of the air which continues to flow in the direction of arrow 21 are additionally deflected in the direction of arrow 22. Added to this is the fact that the surface section 14, as a large aerodynamically designed sturge plate, opposes the flow in the direction of arrow 21, which is also suitable for deflecting the flow.

With the structural design of the ridge ventilation cap 1 in interaction with the ridge tiles 4 and also the bar 15, which, as a so-called "spoiler", is also used to disrupt the flow coming from the direction of the arrow 21, a ridge ventilation system results which prefers the flow on the windward side leads over the roof and largely prevents air from the outside area through the gap 7 between the ridge ventilation cap 1 and the inside of the ridge tile 4th flows freely. As a result, a very stable negative pressure zone is built up on the leeward side 24, which causes suction, with which exhaust air from the roof interior and the ventilation gaps is drawn through the openings 12 in the direction of arrow 25 and is guided out of the ridge area on the leeward side.

FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a ridge ventilation cap 30, which is particularly suitable for diverting air into the ridge area on the windward side, disturbing it and opposing it with a high resistance. In FIG. 2, only a short section of the ridge ventilation cap 30 is shown in perspective. This section shows the essential structural designs of this ridge ventilation cap 30. The arrangements are repeated and are also mirror-inverted on the other side of a ridge beam 31. With a section 32, the ridge ventilation cap 30 rests on the surface of roofing panels via a sealing strip 33. An end face 32 ', which is inclined to the air flowing through, acts wind-repellent. The sealing strip 33 can consist of foamed plastic or of a readily deformable UV-resistant material, such as rock wool. The section 32 is followed by a middle section 34, on which features 35 are formed. The features 35 are designed in such a way that on the one hand they strongly disrupt the air flowing in from the outside and on the other hand they hardly disrupt the air flowing out of the inside. The side surfaces are inclined from the direction of arrow 36 to the flow surface. The side surfaces are set at 10 ° to 15 ° to the vertical side surface. An arrow direction 36 is drawn in the figure with dash-dotted lines, which should record an example of how the air is diverted or disturbed from the outside.

Via openings 38, which are surrounded by a raised edge 38 ', the air can flow from the interior of the roof or from the ventilation gaps under the roof covering plates into the ridge area under the ridge tiles. This air then flows over a section 39, provided that the air flows towards the roof in the direction of arrow 36, and then emerges from the ridge area on the leeward side. The ridge ventilation cap 30 is fastened to the ridge beam 31 via the section 39. The openings 38 are adjoined by supports 38 ″ which effectively prevent the ridge tiles from coming into contact with the section 39.

FIG. 3 shows part of a ridge ventilation cap 40 in cross section. In the figure, only a part of the ridge ventilation cap 40 is shown, as is shown on one side of a ridge beam 41 towards the roof covering plates. The same arrangement of the ridge ventilation cap 40 takes place towards the other roof slope. The ridge ventilation cap 40, on the other hand, rests on the ridge beam 41 and presses on the roofing panels via sealing strips 42. The sealing strip 42 seals off the ridge ventilation cap 40 from the roof covering panels and also completely fills troughs and cavities between the roof covering panels. The ridge ventilation cap 40 is covered by a ridge tile 43 which is partially shown in the figure and which projects with its free end beyond the ridge ventilation cap 40. The ridge ventilation cap 40 is thus completely covered and cannot be seen from below. The ridge ventilation cap 40 has similar features 44 as are also shown in FIG. 2. The features 44 serve for the ridge tiles 43 as supports. Furthermore, the ridge tiles 43 are attached to the ridge beam 41, for example, by means of ridge brackets. The ridge tiles 43 are arranged in relation to the ridge ventilation cap 40 in such a way that a gap 45 is formed on the longitudinal edge between the ridge ventilation cap 40 and the ridge tiles 43, which can be flown against by an air flow in the direction of arrow 46.

A strip 48 is attached to a longitudinal edge 47 of the ridge ventilation cap 40 and is connected to the ridge ventilation cap 40 via a joint 49. The strip 48 protrudes with its free end 51 over the longitudinal edge 47 and can be pivoted into a position 53 by a dash-dotted arrow direction 52 through an air flow. The strip 48 is also shown in dot-dash lines 53.

If the air flow presses the strip 48 into the position 53, the gap 45 between the ridge tiles 43 and the ridge ventilation cap 40 is closed. The air flowing into the ridge area on the windward side is completely deflected and then flows in the direction of arrow 54 over the ridge tile 43. This measure creates a stable vacuum region in the ridge area on the leeward side and exhaust air that flows through openings 55 with an edge 55 ′ into the cavity between The ridge ventilation cap 40 and the underside of the ridge tile flow, can flow in the direction of arrow 56, 57 due to the suction effect and emerge from the ridge area on the leeward side. An additional support 58 prevents the ridge tile 43 from being able to be brought into contact with the ridge beam 41. The strips 48 can be coated on their side towards the longitudinal edge 47 with a noise-absorbing layer and are arranged in the exemplary embodiment so that they always rest on the longitudinal edge 47 when there is no wind due to their own weight. When there is no wind or a negative pressure in this area, the strips 48 always rest on the respective longitudinal edges 47 on both sides of the sloping roof. Air that flows into the cavity between the ridge tile and the ridge ventilation cap 40 via the openings 55 can escape into the environment via the gap 45. The strips 48 can be kept very short and can also be fastened to the ridge vent cap via independent joints, so that the strips 48 are only partially pressed into position 53 in different wind directions.

FIG. 3a shows a further embodiment of how a strip 90 can be articulated on a ridge tile 91. Air flowing in the direction of arrow 92 presses the strip 90 into a dashed position 93. In the deflected state, the free end 94 bears against a projection 95 and closes a gap 96 which always arises when the strip 90 hangs down freely due to its own weight .

FIG. 4 shows a top view of a further exemplary embodiment of a ridge ventilation cap 60. The illustration shows how the ridge ventilation cap 60 extends on both sides of a ridge beam 61. The ridge ventilation cap 60 lies with a section 62 on the ridge beam 61 and is fastened to the ridge beam 61 via this section 62. The section 62 is followed by sections 63 and 64 on both long sides, which section 65 closes the ridge ventilation cap 60 in width. The Ridge ventilation cap 60 can be blown against by air currents in the direction of arrows 66 and 67.

The ridge ventilation cap 60 lies above the sections 65 on the roof covering plates of the respective roof slope. Disturbance bodies 69 are provided between features 68, which are arranged in sections 63 and 64. The Stδrkδrper 69 can for example be triangular bodies, the tapered flank surface with the tapered flank surface to the ridge beam

61 are directed towards and have a largely vertical, abruptly rising surface facing section 65. In section 63 there are also openings 70 to the roof interior or to the ventilation gaps through which the air can flow through the ridge ventilation cap 60 through individual channels 71 into the outside area. The openings 70 have an edge 70 'pointing towards the underside of the ridge tile. The openings 70 are followed by supports 70 ″ directed towards the ridge beam 61, which ensure that the underside of the ridge tile is always away from the section

62 is spaced.

FIG. 5 shows a further example of a section of a ridge ventilation cap 75 which has features 76. The features 76 extend essentially in the central region of the ridge ventilation cap 75 and are sawtooth-shaped on their side surfaces in such a way that they oppose a broad-area resistance to air flowing from the outside in the direction of arrow 77, while one coming from the interior or from the opposite roof slope Oppose air flowing in the direction of arrow 78 only to surfaces that are inclined continuously. Air flows in the direction of arrow 77 Surface 79 as an aerodynamically designed interference surface, which is part of a body 80. The air 80 coming from the direction of the arrow 77 is deflected, disturbed, swirled and largely directed over the ridge tiles by the body 80. Openings 81 are provided between the stampings 76, via which the roof interior or the ventilation gaps are connected to the cavity between the ridge ventilation cap 75 and the underside of the ridge tiles. A sealing strip 82 is formed underneath the body 80, via which the ridge ventilation cap 75 rests on roof covering plates. The aerodynamic interference surface is formed by the end face of the body 80 and the sealing strip 82.

The features 76 are triangular in cross section and have supports 83 toward the ridge beam.

Claims

1. Ridge ventilation on roofs with one below the

Ridge tile (4; 43) arranged ridge ventilation cap (1; 30; 40; 60; 75), the individual channels arranged one behind the other in rows in the longitudinal direction of the roof, with their front openings towards the opposite roof slopes, crossing the cavity below the ridge tile (4; 43) (16; 71), which are open to the flow zones of the air, characterized in that arrangements are provided distributed over the ridge ventilation cap (1; 30; 40; 60; 75) which provide greater resistance to the air flowing in from the outside compared to the air that flows into the outside area.

2. ridge ventilation according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangements consist of strips (48) which have approximately the width that the clear width of a gap (7; 45) between the roofing plates and the free end of the ridge tiles (4; 43 ) corresponds.

3. ridge ventilation according to claim 2, characterized in that the strips (48) on the roofing panels and / or on the ridge tiles (4; 43) and / or on the longitudinal edge (3; 47) of the ridge ventilation cap (1; 30; 40; 60; 75) are arranged.

4. ridge ventilation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized characterized in that the strips (48) are pivotable or displaceable.

5. roving ventilation according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the strips (48) are composed of strip sections in length.

6. ridge ventilation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the arrangements are disturbing bodies (17; 69) which are arranged in the region of the individual channels (16; 71).

7. ridge ventilation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the arrangements expressions

(11; 35; 44; 48) that laterally limit the individual channels (16; 71).

8. ridge ventilation according to claim 7, characterized in that at aerodynamic locations of the ridge ventilation cap

(1; 30; 40; 60; 75) openings (12; 55; 70; 81) are provided.

9. ridge ventilation according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the edge region of the ridge ventilation cap (1; 30; 40; 60; 75) pointing to the roofing panels, sealing strips (33; 2; 82) are provided.

10. ridge ventilation according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the ridge ventilation cap (1) has a triangular cross-section bar (15).