EP0493300A1 - Integriertes System von Müllsammelbehältern und Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sammeln und Entsorgen von Abfall - Google Patents

Integriertes System von Müllsammelbehältern und Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sammeln und Entsorgen von Abfall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0493300A1
EP0493300A1 EP91600014A EP91600014A EP0493300A1 EP 0493300 A1 EP0493300 A1 EP 0493300A1 EP 91600014 A EP91600014 A EP 91600014A EP 91600014 A EP91600014 A EP 91600014A EP 0493300 A1 EP0493300 A1 EP 0493300A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
collection
vehicle
mobile
arms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91600014A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Panaghiotis A. Anagnostopoulos
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0493300A1 publication Critical patent/EP0493300A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/12—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor with devices facilitating emptying
    • B65F1/122—Features allowing the receptacle to be lifted and subsequently tipped by associated means on a vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/141—Supports, racks, stands, posts or the like for holding refuse receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F3/08—Platform elevators or hoists with guides or runways for raising or tipping receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/20—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F7/00—Cleaning or disinfecting devices combined with refuse receptacles or refuse vehicles
    • B65F7/005—Devices, mounted on refuse collecting vehicles, for cleaning or disinfecting refuse receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/0263—Constructional features relating to discharging means
    • B65F2003/0279—Constructional features relating to discharging means the discharging means mounted at the front of the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention refers to an integrated system for refuse collection and disposal, which combines special type of refuse collection containers and automated mechanism for collecting the refuse from the refuse containers and disposing it, and is characterised by the automatic, i.e. without any assisting personnel or vehicle driver interference, unloading of the refuse container contents to the vehicle mobile container which approaches the refuse containers through extendable arms, unloading of the contents of the mobile container to the vehicle compression chamber and finally, compression and storage of the collected refuse.
  • a first automated system is shown in Figures (1) and (2).
  • the vehicle collection mechanism of this system consists of two arms which are driven by a hydraulic system, so that they can be lowered down at the front or the driver cabin sides. Then the vehicle is driven so that it approaches the refuse collection container at the right angle and distance, in order for the arms to be inserted in the appropriate inlets at the sides of the container. Subsequently, the two arms are rotated about a horizontal axis which is perpendicular to the two arms, so that the container is lifted above the driver cabin and its contents are unloaded through an opening to the storage compartment of the vehicle. Finally, the collection mechanism reinstalls the empty container to its original position and the vehicle moves in the opposite direction so that the container can be released from the collection mechanism.
  • FIG. (3) A second automated system is shown in Figure (3).
  • a special type and shape refuse collection container is employed, which is mostly used for certain type of refuse (glass bottles, papers etc.).
  • these collection containers are designed as vertical cylinders and they have a certain extension on top that makes them easily accessible by the vehicle collection mechanism.
  • the collection mechanism is placed at the end of a crane which is installed behind or at the sides of the driver cabin. The driver operates the crane in such a way, that the collection mechanism is anchored to the container extension. Subsequently, the crane directs the container over an appropriate opening at the top of the vehicle storage compartment, where the container is unloaded through a special mechanism (usually floor openings). Finally, through the crane mechanism, the container is reinstalled to its original place.
  • a third refuse collection and disposal automated system which is supplied with a collection mechanism installed at the vehicle side, is shown in Figure (4).
  • the above mechanism is similar to the one described in Figures (1) and (2) and it only differs in the sidewise action of the arms mechanism.
  • the proposed integrated system of refuse collection containers and automated refuse collection and disposal mechanism resolves any problems, such as the ones that were mentioned before as the disadvantages of the existing systems, therefore it can be used for refuse collection and disposal in densely populated urban areas.
  • the proposed system consists of a number of collection containers which are (each one of them) placed on specially formed, heavy and fixed supporting bases, so that the containers cannot be relocated after each refuse disposal.
  • the containers and their respective supporting bases are permanently installed and they are provided for aesthetic design and decoration.
  • the refuse collection and disposal mechanism is installed at the vehicle sides and a mobile container is attached to it.
  • the contents of the fixed collection container are unloaded inside the mobile container, through a special mechanism, and the mobile container carries the refuse to the vehicle storage compartment.
  • the mere contact of the mobile container with the collection container is sufficient, so that the mechanism for overturning and unloading of the collection container into the mobile one is activated.
  • the collection container returns to its original position on the supporting base and the mobile container returns to the vehicle and unloads its contents into the compression chamber and finally, into the storage compartment.
  • the present system allows for the cleaning of the container with liquid detergents, which are sprayed by special sprinklers, which are installed on the mobile container.
  • the mechanism which includes the mobile container and the system for overturning the collection container is installed at the vehicle side, behind the driver cabin, and it can be extended away from the vehicle until it reaches the collection container.
  • the system is operated by the driver alone and his only requirement is to stop the vehicle near the collection containers. Aside from this requirement, the extension of the mobile container mechanism, the activation of the overturning of the collection container mechanism, and the return of the extended mechanism, which will be described extensively later, are performed automatically by the use of limit proximity switches.
  • a first materialisation of an integrated system for refuse collection and disposal which combines collection containers and collection and disposal mechanism, follows:
  • the refuse collection container is shown in Figures (5), (6) and (7).
  • the actual container (1) has the shape of a quarter of a cylinder (or even rectangular) and it can be rotated through a shaft (2), which passes through the complete cylinder axis. This particular shaft is horizontal and is supported at its two edges through bearings (3), which are firmly installed on the supporting base.
  • the normal position of the container requires that its two rectangular surfaces lie on a horizontal (4) and a vertical (5) plane.
  • the vertical side (5) is opposite from the direction of the approaching vehicle and it is reinforced for bending loads.
  • the reinforcements (6) are fabricated by the same material as this side.
  • the other rectangular side (4) is horizontal, above the support base, and is covered by two lids (7), which cover the top of the container during the waiting periods.
  • the supporting base (8) which has the shape of a hollow quarter of a cylinder.
  • the two sides that have the shape of a 90° circular sector, carry on top of them shafts (9), which support each one of the lids.
  • the shafts (9) carry at one end a bevel gear, which is assembled with the respective horizontal shaft (2) bevel gear.
  • the horizontal shaft (2) axis coincides with the axis of rotation of the container. This way, if the container is rotated around axis (2), in the direction of the arrow B1, the shafts (9) which support the two lids that cover the top surface are forced to rotate in the direction of the arrow B2 (figure 5), through the bevel gear assembly.
  • the supporting base where the collection container (1) is placed has the shape of a hollow quarter of a cylinder in order to match the shape of the container.
  • two unleveled, hollow, rectangular areas (11) exist for the plantation of decorative plants.
  • the supporting base (8) is made of reinforced concrete and is firmly anchored to the ground.
  • a single thrust of the lower end of the reinforced, rectangular, front side (5) is sufficient, in order for the container to be rotated about the fixed axis (2).
  • the thrust can be applied anywhere at the lower end and the required thrust magnitude is relatively small due to the position of the rotation axis.
  • Part of the weight of the container and its contents is carried by the shaft (2), and during rotation, the center of mass approaches the axis.
  • the surface of the cylinder front side (container) is coated with elastic material, in order to obtain noiseless operation.
  • the mobile container (12) is a rectangular container with only the top side open, and its sides are surrounded by a reinforcing ring (13), which ends at two extensions (14).
  • the container can be rotated about axis (15) which passes through the extensions (14).
  • the mobile container position with respect to the vehicle is such that the container rotation axis (15) is parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis and the road surface. It is also parallel to the collection container rotation axis, in order to satisfy the approach angle requirement.
  • the front side (16) of the mobile container (12) is parallel to the front (vertical), rectangular side of the collection container, while the opposite side toward the disposal section is parallel to the vehicle side.
  • the top side is open as it was mentioned before.
  • the mobile container is supported on the carriage (17) through a shaft (15), which passes through the extensions of the supporting ring (14). Through the carriage the mobile container can approach or withdraw from and toward the vehicle.
  • the mobile container is supported on wheels (18) and through them it is able to roll on the ground.
  • the collection container overturning mechanism is attached on the vertical, front side of the mobile container.
  • the mechanism consists of parts that are described below:
  • a sprocket (18) is installed at one end of the shaft and parallel to the side surfaces.
  • the shaft axis (19) is parallel to the mobile container rotation axis during disposal.
  • Two parallel arms (24), placed at a short distance from each other, are fixed on this shaft at one end, and at the other end, an elastic cylinder (25) is attached, which is supported between the two arms by a metal rod (26) which connects the arms ends.
  • the two arms (24) along with the cylinder (25) which is placed at the lower side and fixed between them, are in contact with the vertical, front side of the mobile container. If the two arms shaft (19) is rotated e.g. by rotation at the sprocket (21) end, the elastic cylinder is extended from the mobile container surface and applies a thrust on the collection container. The rotation of the sprocket (21) is performed through the system of chain (23), piston (27) and spring (28).
  • the chain (28) is assembled on the sprocket (21) and at one end it is attached to a spring (28) and at the other end it is attached to the piston rod (27).
  • the piston cylinder and the other edge of the spring are fixed on the sidewise surface of the mobile container (12).
  • the spring (28) is unloaded and the piston pressure is low.
  • the piston (27) is loaded, the piston rod is pushed into the cylinder (27), the chain (23) rotates the sprocket (16) (hence the elastic cylinder (25) extends and overturns the collection container) and the spring (28) is extended and loaded.
  • the automatic activation of the piston (27) is done through a limit proximity switch, which is extended beyond the front surface and is pressed when the front surface approaches the corresponding front surface of the collection container.
  • the limit proximity switch activates the hydraulic high pressure valve which loads the cylinder (27).
  • the mobile container approaches the collection container through the mechanism which is shown in figure (11).
  • the same mechanism allows the approach of the mobile container to the disposal compartment and the unloading of its contents into the compression chamber, which is shown in figures (13) & (14).
  • This mechanism consists of two arms (29) which are fixed on the vehicle side on top and right behind the driver cabin. These two arms are hollow and two other arms (30) can slide inside them through a telescopic mechanism.
  • the carriage (31) is firmly attached between the two sliding arms (30) and at their free ends, and between the carriage ends the mobile container is supported. Consequently, on each of the two sliding arms (30), the plates (31) that carry bearings for the mobile container support and rotation are firmly attached. This way, the two sliding arms (30) are able to carry the container.
  • the two hollow arms (29) can rotate about a horizontal axis only, which lies on the uppermost corner of the vehicle side, through the action of two pistons (32).
  • the two sliding arms (30) can slide into the hollow arms (29) through a mechanism consisting of sprockets and hydraulic motors.
  • the combination of the hollow arms (29) rotation and the inward and outward sliding of the arms (30) (and consequently of the container (16) which is attached to their ends), allows the placement of the container to any position at the vehicle side.
  • the mechanism for the sliding arms (30) motion is activated and the mobile container (16) touches on the ground through the wheels (18), which are fixed on its bottom surface, as mentioned previously. Subsequently, the two pistons (32) push the hollow arms away from the vehicle surface, hence forcing the container to roll on the ground.
  • the arms (30) sliding mechanism is released, so that the arms (30) keep extending as long as the container rolls, until the front surface of the mobile container touches the corresponding surface of the collection container, and the mechanism for the unloading of the collection container into the mobile container is activated. Subsequently, the procedure is reversed, i.e. the pistons (32) are compressed (inversely loaded), the hollow arms (29) approach the vehicle side and the mobile container (16) rolls toward the vehicle. Subsequently, the mechanism for the sliding of the arms (30) is activated and the container (16) is pulled onboard the vehicle.
  • the remaining procedure for the approach and return of the mobile container is performed through limit proximity switches, after the driver initiates the process.
  • the procedure is shown in figure (11). In this figure is shown that, upon initiation of the procedure the sliding arms mechanism is released and the mobile container makes contact with the ground.
  • a limit proximity switch activates the pistons that control the motion of the hollow arms and another limit proximity switch stops their operation by activating the overturning mechanism. Following the end of the overturning process, the procedure is automatically reversed.
  • the disposal mechanism is completed with the unloading of the container (16) contents into the compression chamber and their subsequent exit into the pressurised storage compartment. This is done with the following procedure:
  • the mobile container (16) shaft is firmly supported on the two extensions (14) of the reinforcing ring (13) (figure 10, parts 14 & 15).
  • the mobile container can be rotated through bearings which are fixed on the carriage (17).
  • the gears (33) which are attached to the ends of the shaft (15) (see figure 12) can be rotated via racks (34).
  • the racks (34) are driven by the pistons (35). Two gears (33) and two pistons for each gear are required.
  • the pistons and the racks are attached to the carriage plates (17) (see figure 10).
  • the compression chamber (figures 13 and 14), consists of a rectangular compartment which lies in the middle and extends along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the pressing surface (36) is at one side of the chamber and the storage compartment is at the other.
  • the pressing surface (36) has the same rectangular shape with the chamber cross section and on the surface a triangular formation.
  • the compression surface can move on four screws (37) from one edge of the chamber behind the driver cabin, toward the storage compartment at the other edge of the chamber.
  • the compression surface can move along the four screws, compressing and pushing the refuse toward the storage compartment, via four rotating nuts (38) at the rear side of the compression surface (toward the driver cabin).
  • the nuts are driven by a common chain, connected to a hydraulic motor.
  • the activation of the hydraulic motor is performed automatically, immediately after the mobile container has been unloaded into the compression chamber.
  • two mobile containers with their associated extension and overturn mechanisms are required, one for each vehicle side, in order to make possible the collection of refuse from both sides of the road.
  • both containers are unloaded into the same compression chamber.
  • the hollow arms are attached to a frame which is supported on the vehicle body.
  • the system is completed with a water tank and detergent solution, water and detergent solution pump, and flexible hose for spraying water and detergent from the mobile toward the collection container.
  • Water is sprayed for irrigation of the supporting base decorative plants and detergent solution is sprayed into the overturned or empty collection container for washing purposes. Due to the uniformity of the collection containers, the direction of the water and detergent spraying action is adjusted only once.
  • the collection and mobile containers overturning mechanism and the sliding arms mechanism can be performed via electric or hydraulic motors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
EP91600014A 1990-12-28 1991-12-24 Integriertes System von Müllsammelbehältern und Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sammeln und Entsorgen von Abfall Withdrawn EP0493300A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR90100884 1990-12-28
GR90010884 1990-12-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0493300A1 true EP0493300A1 (de) 1992-07-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91600014A Withdrawn EP0493300A1 (de) 1990-12-28 1991-12-24 Integriertes System von Müllsammelbehältern und Vorrichtung zum automatischen Sammeln und Entsorgen von Abfall

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EP (1) EP0493300A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001094242A1 (es) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-13 Ocana Pueyo Pedro Jose Vehiculo mixto para la recogida de residuos y lavado de contenedores tipo igloo
CN109178722A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-01-11 成都奥北环保科技有限公司 垃圾投放管理方法及系统
CN112278643A (zh) * 2020-10-16 2021-01-29 东北农业大学 摆动压杆式废弃物倾倒收集装置
CN112373369A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-02-19 徐州盛德电动车有限公司 一种垃圾运输车

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2084656A (en) * 1934-03-26 1937-06-22 Fernand Geneve Self-loading refuse vehicle
US3576265A (en) * 1969-01-13 1971-04-27 De Cordova M Brady Material collection system
EP0405345A1 (de) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-02 Edgar Georg Abfallsammelfahrzeug

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2084656A (en) * 1934-03-26 1937-06-22 Fernand Geneve Self-loading refuse vehicle
US3576265A (en) * 1969-01-13 1971-04-27 De Cordova M Brady Material collection system
EP0405345A1 (de) * 1989-06-27 1991-01-02 Edgar Georg Abfallsammelfahrzeug

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001094242A1 (es) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-13 Ocana Pueyo Pedro Jose Vehiculo mixto para la recogida de residuos y lavado de contenedores tipo igloo
ES2164023A1 (es) * 2000-06-08 2002-02-01 Pueyo Pedro Jose Ocana Vehiculo mixto para la recogida de residuos y lavado de contenedores tipo igloo.
CN109178722A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-01-11 成都奥北环保科技有限公司 垃圾投放管理方法及系统
CN109178722B (zh) * 2018-10-22 2023-08-15 成都奥北环保科技有限公司 垃圾投放管理方法及系统
CN112278643A (zh) * 2020-10-16 2021-01-29 东北农业大学 摆动压杆式废弃物倾倒收集装置
CN112373369A (zh) * 2020-11-18 2021-02-19 徐州盛德电动车有限公司 一种垃圾运输车

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