EP0491216B1 - Hazard detection system - Google Patents
Hazard detection system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0491216B1 EP0491216B1 EP91120694A EP91120694A EP0491216B1 EP 0491216 B1 EP0491216 B1 EP 0491216B1 EP 91120694 A EP91120694 A EP 91120694A EP 91120694 A EP91120694 A EP 91120694A EP 0491216 B1 EP0491216 B1 EP 0491216B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- detectors
- switched
- central station
- control signal
- hazard
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
- G08B26/001—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station with individual interrogation of substations connected in parallel
Definitions
- hazard detectors must transmit analog or digital messages to a control center.
- the requirements regarding the time of transmission are different, e.g. a break-in must be reported immediately, while the start of contamination of a smoke detector can be reported later.
- a primary reporting line which, depending on the task, are addressed individually, in groups or collectively.
- a high level of data security is also required for the addresses.
- the primary reporting line should consist of as few wires as possible and also take over the energy supply for the detectors.
- the object of the invention is to provide a hazard alarm system in which the advantages of the systems listed above are summarized, and a method for operating such a hazard alarm system.
- a hazard alarm system with a central and at least one primary reporting line connected to it, on which a multiplicity of detectors is arranged, these detectors being polled cyclically by the central and at least one sensor which detects any danger, an automatically switchable and by means of a Control signal re-switchable transmission device, an address memory provided with an address during an initialization of the system and a switch interrupting or connecting the line, and the transmission device of a respective detector can be in one of the following operating states: it is constantly switched on and thus in each polling cycle for Reception of control signals and delivery of messages ready, it is only switched on in the i-th polling cycle, it is only switched on in the event of an alarm, due to a control signal from the sensor, it is switched on due to a step Uersignals switched on by the control center.
- the hazard alarm system thus consists of detectors with the same transmission device, these detectors based on the principle of chain synchronization, such as in pulse detection technology.
- Fire and intrusion detectors can be operated on the same line, whereby the individual detectors can be in different operating states. For example, smoke and heat detectors will be constantly switched on, while push-button detectors will switch on spontaneously in the event of an alarm.
- Intrusion detectors are only switched on by the control panel when required, whereby contact detectors only switch themselves on in the event of an alarm. In this way, a polling cycle can be kept very short in the normal operating state, even if a large number of detectors are arranged on the reporting primary line.
- the operation of such a danger alarm system is carried out according to a method in which groups of detectors are arranged on a primary signal line, which are addressed according to the principle of chain synchronization in every or only every i-th polling cycle, and on the same line detectors that report in the event of an alarm, spontaneously surrender or detectors that are directly addressed and queried by the control center are arranged, these detectors being arranged in the course of the primary reporting line between the detectors of a group of detectors that can be addressed according to the principle of chain synchronization and when not queried by the control center belonging to this group are recognized so that the address assignment of the detectors of this group is not disturbed.
- active detectors automatically switch off again after a message has been given or are switched off by the control center on the basis of an acknowledgment signal. However, it is also possible for them to change over to one of the other operating states.
- detectors Since all detectors are provided with an address, they can also be operated with free access. It is also provided, for example from and to detectors with particularly high requirements to transmit special, for example longer telegrams with additional signals for data security.
Landscapes
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Gefahrenmelder müssen, je nach Aufgabe, analoge oder digitale Meldungen zu einer Zentrale übertragen. Dabei sind die Anforderungen bezüglich des Übertragungszeitpunkts unterschiedlich, z.B. muß ein Einbruch sofort gemeldet werden, während die beginnende Verschmutzung eines Rauchmelders später gemeldet werden kann. Aus Kostengründen sind auf einer Meldeprimärleitung häufig mehrere Gefahrenmelder angeordnet, die, ebenfalls je nach Aufgabe, einzeln, in Gruppen oder kollektiv adressiert werden. Dabei ist eine hohe Datensicherheit auch für die Adressen erforderlich. Die Meldeprimärleitung soll, wieder aus Kosten- und Zuverlässigkeitsgründen, aus möglichst wenig Adern bestehen und auch die Energieversorgung der Melder übernehmen.Depending on the task, hazard detectors must transmit analog or digital messages to a control center. The requirements regarding the time of transmission are different, e.g. a break-in must be reported immediately, while the start of contamination of a smoke detector can be reported later. For reasons of cost, several hazard detectors are often arranged on a primary reporting line, which, depending on the task, are addressed individually, in groups or collectively. A high level of data security is also required for the addresses. For reasons of cost and reliability, the primary reporting line should consist of as few wires as possible and also take over the energy supply for the detectors.
Je nach Anforderung werden unterschiedliche Gefahrenmeldeanlagen verwendet, um z.B. Einbruch-, Brand- und Störungsmeldungen zu übertragen. Es werden auf diese Weise in der Regel mehrere Anlagen parallel betrieben, wobei jede Anlage eine unterschiedliche Zahl von Adern benötigt und eine unterschiedliche Adressierungstiefe besitzt. Auf diese Weise entstehen trotz bewährter und relativ preiswerter Einzelsysteme aufwendige Gesamtanordnungen, die darüberhinaus meist nur die jeweiligen Minimalanforderungen erfüllen. In letzter Zeit wurden integrierte Systeme vorgeschlagen, die allerdings ebenfalls sehr aufwendig sind, besonders hinsichtlich der Adressierung.Depending on the requirements, different hazard alarm systems are used, e.g. to Intrusion, fire and malfunction reports. In this way, several systems are usually operated in parallel, with each system requiring a different number of wires and having a different depth of addressing. In this way, despite the tried and tested and relatively inexpensive individual systems, complex overall arrangements are created which, moreover, usually only meet the respective minimum requirements. Integrated systems have recently been proposed, but they are also very complex, particularly with regard to addressing.
Mit zunehmender Anzahl von Meldern auf einer Meldeprimärleitung steigt natürlich auch der Energiebedarf, zumal die Melder auch immer häufiger mit Mikrorechnern ausgerüstet sind. Es ist deshalb schon vorgeschlagen worden, die Übertragungseinrichtungen, d.h. die Mikrorechner der Melder nicht ständig eingeschaltet zu lassen. So ist beispielsweise aus der europäischen Anmeldung Aktenzeichen 89 111766.5 bekannt, bestimmte Melder mit niedriger Meldungsrate nicht in jedem Abfragezyklus abzufragen, sondern nur in den Zyklen, die ihrer Meldungsrate entsprechen und in den anderen Abfragezyklen in einen inaktiven Zustand zu schalten, um Energie zu sparen.With an increasing number of detectors on a primary reporting line, the energy requirement naturally also increases, especially since the detectors are also increasingly equipped with microcomputers. It has therefore already been proposed that the transmission devices, ie the microcomputers of the detectors, should not be kept switched on at all times. For example, it is known from the European application file number 89 111766.5 not to poll certain detectors with a low notification rate in every polling cycle, but only to switch to an inactive state in the cycles that correspond to your message rate and in the other polling cycles to save energy.
Um Energie zu sparen ist es aus den europäischen Anmeldungen Aktz. 89118339.4 und Aktz. 89118338.6 bekannt, nach der Initialisierung der Leitung alle Mikrorechner abzuschalten und dann bei der Abfrage nach dem Prinzip der Kettensynchronisation in Abhängigkeit von bestimmten, für die Gefahrenmeldeanlage spezifischen Kriterien, die Mikrorechner der einzelnen Rechner nacheinander durch Steuersignale wieder einzuschalten und meldebereit zu machen. Bei diesen Anlagen werden jedoch immer alle Melder in jedem Abfragezyklus abgefragt.To save energy, it is known from the European applications Aktz. 89118339.4 and Aktz. 89118338.6 to switch off all microcomputers after initializing the line and then when querying for the principle of chain synchronization depending on certain criteria specific to the hazard detection system, the microcomputers of the individual computers one after the other by means of control signals and to make them ready for reporting. With these systems, however, all detectors are always polled in every polling cycle.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Gefahrenmeldeanlage, bei der die Vorteile der oben aufgeführten Anlagen zusammengefaßt sind, sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Gefahrenmeldeanlage anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide a hazard alarm system in which the advantages of the systems listed above are summarized, and a method for operating such a hazard alarm system.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit einer Zentrale und zumindest einer daran angeschlossenen Meldeprimärleitung, auf der eine Vielzahl von Meldern angeordnet ist, wobei diese Melder von der Zentrale zyklisch abgefragt werden und zumindest einen eine beliebige Gefahr detektierenden Sensor, eine selbsttätig abschaltbare und mittels eines Steuersignals wieder einschaltbare Übertragungseinrichtung, einen während einer Initialisierung der Anlage mit einer Adresse versehenen Adreßspeicher und einen die Leitung unterbrechenden oder durchverbindenden Schalter aufweisen und wobei die Übertragungseinrichtung eines jeweiligen Melders in einem der folgenden Betriebszustände sein kann: sie ist ständig eingeschaltet und somit in jedem Abfragezyklus für Empfang von Steuersignalen und Abgabe von Meldungen bereit, sie ist nur im i-ten Abfragezyklus eingeschaltet, sie ist nur im Alarmfall, aufgrund eines Steuersignals vom Sensor, eingeschaltet, sie ist aufgrund eines Steuersignals von der Zentrale eingeschaltet.The object is achieved by a hazard alarm system with a central and at least one primary reporting line connected to it, on which a multiplicity of detectors is arranged, these detectors being polled cyclically by the central and at least one sensor which detects any danger, an automatically switchable and by means of a Control signal re-switchable transmission device, an address memory provided with an address during an initialization of the system and a switch interrupting or connecting the line, and the transmission device of a respective detector can be in one of the following operating states: it is constantly switched on and thus in each polling cycle for Reception of control signals and delivery of messages ready, it is only switched on in the i-th polling cycle, it is only switched on in the event of an alarm, due to a control signal from the sensor, it is switched on due to a step Uersignals switched on by the control center.
Die erfindungsgemäße Gefahrenmeldeanlage besteht also aus Meldern mit gleicher Übertragungseinrichtung, wobei diese Melder nach dem Prinzip der Kettensynchronisation, wie z.B. in der Pulsmeldetechnik, verbunden sind. Es können Brand- und Einbruchmelder auf derselben Leitung betrieben werden, wobei die einzelnen Melder in verschiedenen Betriebszuständen sein können. So werden beispielsweise Rauch- und Wärmemelder ständig eingeschaltet sein, während sich Druckknopfmelder spontan im Alarmfall einschalten. Einbruchmelder werden nur bei Bedarf von der Zentrale eingeschaltet, wobei sich Kontaktmelder auch dann nur im Alarmfall selbst einschalten. Auf diese Weise kann ein Abfragezyklus in normalem Betriebszustand sehr kurz gehalten werden, auch wenn sehr viele Melder auf der Meldeprimärleitung angeordnet sind.The hazard alarm system according to the invention thus consists of detectors with the same transmission device, these detectors based on the principle of chain synchronization, such as in pulse detection technology. Fire and intrusion detectors can be operated on the same line, whereby the individual detectors can be in different operating states. For example, smoke and heat detectors will be constantly switched on, while push-button detectors will switch on spontaneously in the event of an alarm. Intrusion detectors are only switched on by the control panel when required, whereby contact detectors only switch themselves on in the event of an alarm. In this way, a polling cycle can be kept very short in the normal operating state, even if a large number of detectors are arranged on the reporting primary line.
Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt der Betrieb einer solchen Gefahrenmeldeanlage nach einem Verfahren, bei dem auf einer Meldeprimärleitung Gruppen von Meldern angeordnet sind, die nach dem Prinzip der Kettensynchronisation in jedem oder nur in jedem i-ten Abfragezyklus adressiert werden, und auf derselben Leitung Melder, die ihre Meldung im Alarmfall spontan abgeben oder Melder, die von der Zentrale direkt adressiert und abgefragt werden, angeordnet sind, wobei diese Melder im Zuge der Meldeprimärleitung zwischen den Meldern einer nach dem Prinzip der Kettensynchronisation adressierbaren Gruppe von Meldern angeordnet und bei der Abfrage von der Zentrale als nicht zu dieser Gruppe gehörig erkannt werden, so daß die Adreßzuordnung der Melder dieser Gruppe nicht gestört wird.According to the invention, the operation of such a danger alarm system is carried out according to a method in which groups of detectors are arranged on a primary signal line, which are addressed according to the principle of chain synchronization in every or only every i-th polling cycle, and on the same line detectors that report in the event of an alarm, spontaneously surrender or detectors that are directly addressed and queried by the control center are arranged, these detectors being arranged in the course of the primary reporting line between the detectors of a group of detectors that can be addressed according to the principle of chain synchronization and when not queried by the control center belonging to this group are recognized so that the address assignment of the detectors of this group is not disturbed.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens schaltenn sich aktive Melder nach Abgabe einer Meldung selbsttätig wieder ab oder werden aufgrund eines Quittungssignals von der Zentrale abgeschaltet. Es ist aber auch möglich, daß sie in einen der anderen Betriebszustände übergehen.In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, active detectors automatically switch off again after a message has been given or are switched off by the control center on the basis of an acknowledgment signal. However, it is also possible for them to change over to one of the other operating states.
Da alle Melder mit einer Adresse versehen sind, können sie auch mit freiem Zugriff betrieben werden. Ebenfalls vorgesehen ist es, z.B. von und zu Meldern mit besonders hohen Anforderungen an die Übertragungssicherheit spezielle, z.B. längere Telegramme mit zusätzlichen Signalen zur Datensicherung zu übertragen.Since all detectors are provided with an address, they can also be operated with free access. It is also provided, for example from and to detectors with particularly high requirements to transmit special, for example longer telegrams with additional signals for data security.
Es ist also in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, die gesamte Übertragungskapazität derart aufzuteilen, daß jede einzelne Übertragungseinrichtung je nach Bedürfnis unterschiedlich oft aufgerufen wird bzw. sich spontan meldet, unterschiedlich lange Steuersignale bekommt und unterschiedlich lange Meldungen absetzt. Damit läßt sich die verfügbare Übertragungskapazität optimal nutzen, so daß ein preiswertes, universell nutzbares Übertragungssystem für Gefahrenmeldungen entsteht. Natürlich ist bei entsprechender Ansteuerung weiterhin der Betrieb mit der bekannten, einheitlichen Kettensynchronisation möglich und vorsehbar.It is therefore advantageously possible to divide the total transmission capacity in such a way that each individual transmission device is called up different times as required or reports spontaneously, receives control signals of different lengths and sends messages of different lengths. This allows the available transmission capacity to be used optimally, so that an inexpensive, universally usable transmission system for hazard reports is created. With appropriate control, operation with the known, uniform chain synchronization is of course still possible and predictable.
Claims (3)
- Hazard signalling system having a central station and at least one primary alarm line which is connected thereto and on which a multiplicity of detectors are arranged, these detectors being interrogated cyclically by the central station and having at least- a sensor detecting an arbitrary hazard,- a transmission device which can be switched off automatically and switched on once more by means of a control signal,- an address memory which is provided with an address during an initialization of the system and a switch which interrupts or connects through the lineand the transmission device of a respective detector being able to be in one of the following operating states:- it is switched on continuously and is thus ready in each interrogation cycle for the receipt of control signals and the output of messages;- it is switched on only in the ith interrogation cycle,- it is switched on only in the case of an alarm, on the basis of a control signal from the sensor,- it is switched on on the basis of a control signal from the central station.
- Method for the operation of a hazard signalling system according to Claim 1, having the following features:- there are, on the primary alarm line, groups of detectors which are addressed in accordance with the chain synchronization principle in each or only in each ith interrogation cycle, and- there are, on the same line, detectors which output their message spontaneously in the case of an alarm or detectors which are addressed directly and interrogated by the central station, these detectors being arranged in the course of the primary alarm line between the detectors of a group of detectors which can be addressed in accordance with the chain synchronization principle and, in the case of the interrogation by the central station, are recognized as not belonging to this group, with the result that the address allocation of the detectors of this group is not disturbed.
- Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that active detectors switch off automatically after the output of a message,or in that they are switched off on the basis of an acknowledgement signal from the central station,or in that they change into one of the other operating states.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4040524 | 1990-12-18 | ||
| DE4040524 | 1990-12-18 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0491216A2 EP0491216A2 (en) | 1992-06-24 |
| EP0491216A3 EP0491216A3 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
| EP0491216B1 true EP0491216B1 (en) | 1996-10-09 |
Family
ID=6420657
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91120694A Expired - Lifetime EP0491216B1 (en) | 1990-12-18 | 1991-12-02 | Hazard detection system |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0491216B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE144063T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59108262D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2092537T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3022040T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0254125B1 (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1991-02-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Danger signalling system |
| US4829297A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1989-05-09 | Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. | Communication network polling technique |
| EP0362798B1 (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1994-02-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the energy-saving operation of risk detectors in a risk detection arrangement |
-
1991
- 1991-12-02 DE DE59108262T patent/DE59108262D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-02 EP EP91120694A patent/EP0491216B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-02 ES ES91120694T patent/ES2092537T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-02 AT AT91120694T patent/ATE144063T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-12-13 GR GR960403467T patent/GR3022040T3/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR3022040T3 (en) | 1997-03-31 |
| EP0491216A2 (en) | 1992-06-24 |
| EP0491216A3 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
| DE59108262D1 (en) | 1996-11-14 |
| ES2092537T3 (en) | 1996-12-01 |
| ATE144063T1 (en) | 1996-10-15 |
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