EP0491071A1 - Stretch-forming machine - Google Patents

Stretch-forming machine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0491071A1
EP0491071A1 EP90124540A EP90124540A EP0491071A1 EP 0491071 A1 EP0491071 A1 EP 0491071A1 EP 90124540 A EP90124540 A EP 90124540A EP 90124540 A EP90124540 A EP 90124540A EP 0491071 A1 EP0491071 A1 EP 0491071A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jaw
fixed
jaws
frame
vertical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90124540A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0491071B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Huet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ACB
Original Assignee
ACB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ACB filed Critical ACB
Priority to DK90124540.7T priority Critical patent/DK0491071T3/en
Publication of EP0491071A1 publication Critical patent/EP0491071A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0491071B1 publication Critical patent/EP0491071B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D25/00—Working sheet metal of limited length by stretching, e.g. for straightening
    • B21D25/02—Working sheet metal of limited length by stretching, e.g. for straightening by pulling over a die

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stretch forming machine.
  • Such machines are used in particular to produce parts for coating certain parts of aircraft: leading edges of the wings, fuselage elements, karman, cowls.
  • This template has the exact shape of the part to be obtained and it is therefore a question of wrapping the sheet metal around this template so as to make it perfectly fit this shape. This wrapping is carried out by pulling the sheet with plastic deformation in order to eliminate the spring effect.
  • French patent 1,087,985 thus describes a machine for shaping sheets by tension and winding.
  • This machine comprises a pit (11) above which a form (12) is suspended.
  • Each jaw (41) is articulated around a horizontal axis (38) at the end of three pairs of jacks (26, 49).
  • Each pair of cylinders is substantially in a vertical plane and comprises a cylinder (26) mounted on a gimbal and which oscillates around the horizontal and a control cylinder (49) which is in a vertical position or close to the vertical and which is articulated at its two ends along two perpendicular axes.
  • Such a machine is laterally unstable, moreover, the fact that the jaws are articulated around a horizontal axis (38) does not allow the sheet to be wound up over 180 °.
  • the sheet in fact remains permanently in the clamping plane of the jaws without ever forming an angle with these jaws, there is therefore no device for reacting to a torque undergone by the jaws.
  • This arrangement does not allow the formation of very narrow parts such as the leading edges of an aircraft wing. The presence of the pit is dangerous for personnel.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a safer and more efficient forming machine, making it possible to reach a winding angle of 240 ° and therefore to produce very fine parts such as leading edges. of airplane wings.
  • the invention thus relates to a machine for forming by stretching around a forming jig, comprising two jaws situated longitudinally on either side of the jig, each jaw being connected to a fixed part by motor means allowing each end of the jaw to move substantially in a plane perpendicular to the jaw in its rest position and, in this plane, in any direction, characterized in that said jig is fixed on a base linked to a table, located at the level from the ground, from a fixed frame and in that the machine comprises means for vertical guidance of the middle of the jaws, said jaws being linked to said motor means without the possibility of rotation relative to these means, about a longitudinal axis.
  • said vertical guide means comprise, for each jaw, a crutch consisting of a rod fixed in the middle of the jaw by means of an articulation with a vertical axis and sliding freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube swiveling at its rear end, on the chassis, around a horizontal axis and the front end of which is guided in a vertical plane by a U-shaped guide piece.
  • said vertical guide means can be moved laterally in the lengthwise direction of the jaws.
  • said vertically displaceable lateral guide means comprise, for each jaw, a crutch consisting of a rod fixed to the middle of the jaw by means of an articulation with a vertical axis and sliding freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube whose rear end is fixed to the chassis by means of an articulation along two perpendicular axes and whose front end carries a guide nut provided laterally with cylinders with horizontal axes carrying pads sliding against two walls fixed vertical guides.
  • said motor means comprise, for each jaw and for each end of a jaw, two means making it possible to vary the distance from a fixed point of the jaw, close to said end, at two fixed points of the frame, these two fixed points of the frame being two distinct points, situated in the plane transverse to the jaw in the rest position, passing through said fixed point of the jaw.
  • each jaw is equipped with a curved forming spout.
  • a stretch forming press comprising a frame 1 comprising a table 2 on which is fixed a forming jig 3.
  • the jig 3 is only shown on the FIG. 1.
  • the template 3 is linked to a base 4 which is directly fixed to the table 2.
  • two jacks 7 and 8 have one of their ends linked to a fixed point 9 near the right end of the jaw 5, the other end of the jacks 7 and 8 being fixed to two fixed points 10 and 11 of the frame 1. These two points 10 and 11 of the frame are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis ⁇ passing through point 9 of the jaw 5. From the Similarly, the other end of the jaw 5 is moved by two jacks 12 and 13 and the jaw 6 by the jacks 14 and 16 at one of its ends and the jacks 15 and 17 at the other end. The jack 17 is not visible in the figures: it is located behind the jack 16 which hides it in FIG. 2.
  • the cylinders are articulated at their fixing points on the frame and on the jaws 5 and 6.
  • the middle of the jaw 5 is linked to a stand comprising a rod 18 which can slide freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube 19 which swivels at its end 20 on the chassis 1.
  • the front end of the tube 19 is guided by a U-shaped guide piece 21.
  • the jaw 6 is linked in its middle to a tube 22 which slides in a tube 23, the rear end 24 of which journals on the frame 1.
  • the tube 23 is guided vertically by a U-shaped guide piece 25.
  • the jaws 5 and 6 are linked to the crutches by the end of the rods 18 and 22, by an articulation with a vertical axis respectively 51 and 52 ( Figure 3).
  • the middle of the jaws 5 and 6 remains in a plane perpendicular to the axis ⁇ .
  • the system for connecting the jaws to the frame thus thus comprises, for each jaw, four controlled axes, the position of which during a sheet-forming forming operation is programmed so as to obtain perfect control of the trajectory.
  • each jaw moves substantially in planes perpendicular to the axis ⁇ .
  • a jaw end such as for example the end right, at its point 9, of the jaw 5 does not remain in the plane perpendicular to ⁇ passing through the points of articulation 10 and 11 of the jacks, as soon as the jaw is no longer moved parallel to the axes ⁇ .
  • the sheet to be stretched is pinched at each of its ends by the jaws 5 and 6.
  • the jaws 5 and 6 are linked to the jacks and the crutches by articulations with vertical axes and they can also pivot around the axes of the rods 18 and 22 of the crutches, but they cannot in any way pivot , relative to their attachment, around a longitudinal axis 53 for the jaw 5 or 54 for the jaw 6 ( Figure 3).
  • Figure 8 is a detail showing in section a jaw 5 or 6 which carries a curved forming spout 55, at the outlet of the jaws 56 and 57.
  • This forming spout allows the sheet 26 to be wound against the jaws.
  • the presence of this spout and of the guide and reaction stand allow the winding, up to 240 ° of the sheet 26 on the forming tool 3, as well as the extreme approximation, almost touch-to-touch, of the two beaks which is made necessary for the formation of very narrow leading edges of aircraft wings: 20 mm for example.
  • Figures 5, 6 and 7 show a variant of the invention in which there is an additional axis of control by jaw allowing movement of each jaw along their longitudinal axis.
  • the guide stand 18, 19 is articulated at its rear end, by the tube 19, along two perpendicular axes 27 and 28.
  • This central guide nut 29 At the front end of the tube 19 is mounted a central guide nut 29 which can pivot by means of pins 30 and 31 about a substantially vertical axis.
  • This central guide nut 29 comprises four cylinders of jacks 32, 33, 34 and 35, the pistons 36, 37, 38 and 39 of which carry pads, 40 to 43, which slide on fixed vertical guide walls 44 and 45.
  • the stand 18, 19 can have a slight angular movement allowing a controlled movement of the jaws along their longitudinal axis.
  • This additional movement is advantageous, in particular in the case of forming on conical jigs, making it possible to avoid excessive elongations and the formation of folds.
  • This same longitudinal movement can also be obtained by cylinders articulated between the guide tubes 19 and 23 and the frame 1 of the machine; these jacks acting in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the guide tubes 19 and 23 and in a substantially horizontal direction.
  • Another solution is to articulate these jacks between the machines 5 and 6 and the frame 1 of the machine, so as to create in space, with each of the two groups of main jacks 7, 8, 12, 13 and 14, 15 , 16, 17 and the frame 1 of the machine, a stable three-dimensional triangulation.
  • the actuator rods pass through the table 2 of the frame 1 through simple openings 58. These openings can be closed by a sliding curtain system, flush with the upper plane of the table 2. There is therefore no risk of operators falling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

Machine for forming by stretching about a forming frame comprising two jaws (5, 6) situated longitudinally either side of the frame, each jaw (5, 6) being connected to a fixed part (1) by drive means (7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) allowing each end of the jaw to move approximately in a plane perpendicular to the jaw in its rest position and, in this plane, in any direction, the machine being characterised in that the said frame is fixed to a bed connected to a table (2), situated on the ground, of a fixed support (1) and in that the machine comprises means (18, 19, 21) for vertically guiding the middle of the jaws, the said jaws being connected to the said drive means with no possibility of rotation relative to these means, about a longitudinal axis. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une machine à former par étirage.The present invention relates to a stretch forming machine.

De telles machines sont notamment utilisées pour réaliser des pièces de revêtement de certaines parties d'avions : bords d'attaque des ailes, éléments de fuselage, karman, capots.Such machines are used in particular to produce parts for coating certain parts of aircraft: leading edges of the wings, fuselage elements, karman, cowls.

Ces pièces sont réalisées par ces machines, à partir d'une tôle plane qui est serrée à ses deux extrémités dans des mâchoires rectilignes puis contraintes d'épouser, par traction avec déformation plastique de la tôle, un gabarit, appelé "forme".These parts are produced by these machines, from a flat sheet which is clamped at its two ends in rectilinear jaws then forced to marry, by traction with plastic deformation of the sheet, a template, called "shape".

Ce gabarit possède la forme exacte de la pièce à obtenir et il s'agit donc d'envelopper la tôle autour de ce gabarit de manière à lui faire épouser parfaitement cette forme. Cet enveloppement est réalisé par traction de la tôle avec déformation plastique afin de supprimer l'effet de ressort.This template has the exact shape of the part to be obtained and it is therefore a question of wrapping the sheet metal around this template so as to make it perfectly fit this shape. This wrapping is carried out by pulling the sheet with plastic deformation in order to eliminate the spring effect.

Le brevet français 1 087 985 décrit ainsi une machine à conformer les tôles par tension et enroulement. Cette machine comporte une fosse (11) au dessus de laquelle est suspendue une forme (12). Chaque mâchoire (41) est articulée autour d'un axe horizontal (38) à l'extrémité de trois paires de vérins (26, 49). Chaque paire de vérin est sensiblement dans un plan vertical et comprend un vérin (26) monté sur cardan et qui oscille autour de l'horizontale et un vérin de commande (49) qui est dans une position verticale ou voisine de la verticale et qui est articulée à ses deux extrémités selon deux axes perpendiculaires.French patent 1,087,985 thus describes a machine for shaping sheets by tension and winding. This machine comprises a pit (11) above which a form (12) is suspended. Each jaw (41) is articulated around a horizontal axis (38) at the end of three pairs of jacks (26, 49). Each pair of cylinders is substantially in a vertical plane and comprises a cylinder (26) mounted on a gimbal and which oscillates around the horizontal and a control cylinder (49) which is in a vertical position or close to the vertical and which is articulated at its two ends along two perpendicular axes.

Une telle machine est instable latéralement, en outre, le fait que les mâchoires sont articulées autour d'un axe horizontal (38) ne permet pas un enroulement de la tôle sur plus de 180°. La tôle en effet reste en permanence dans le plan de serrage des mâchoires sans jamais former d'angle avec ces mâchoires, il n'est donc prévu aucun dispositif de réaction à un couple subi par les mâchoires. Cette disposition ne permet pas le formage de pièces très étroites telles que des bords d'attaque d'une aile d'avion. La présence de la fosse est dangereuse pour le personnel.Such a machine is laterally unstable, moreover, the fact that the jaws are articulated around a horizontal axis (38) does not allow the sheet to be wound up over 180 °. The sheet in fact remains permanently in the clamping plane of the jaws without ever forming an angle with these jaws, there is therefore no device for reacting to a torque undergone by the jaws. This arrangement does not allow the formation of very narrow parts such as the leading edges of an aircraft wing. The presence of the pit is dangerous for personnel.

L'invention a pour but de proposer une machine de formage plus sûre et plus performante, permettant d'atteindre un angle d'enroulement de 240° et donc de réaliser des pièces très fines comme des bords d'attaque d'ailes d'avion.The object of the invention is to provide a safer and more efficient forming machine, making it possible to reach a winding angle of 240 ° and therefore to produce very fine parts such as leading edges. of airplane wings.

L'invention a ainsi pour objet une machine à former par étirage autour d'un gabarit de formage, comportant deux mâchoires situées longitudinalement de part et d'autre du gabarit, chaque mâchoire étant reliée à une partie fixe par des moyens moteurs permettant à chaque extrémité de la mâchoire de se déplacer sensiblement dans un plan perpendiculaire à la mâchoire dans sa position de repos et, dans ce plan, dans une direction quelconque, caractérisée en ce que ledit gabarit est fixé sur un socle lié à une table, située au niveau du sol, d'un bâti fixe et en ce que la machine comporte des moyens de guidage vertical du milieu des mâchoires, lesdites mâchoires étant liées auxdits moyens moteurs sans possibilité de rotation par rapport à ces moyens, autour d'un axe longitudinal.The invention thus relates to a machine for forming by stretching around a forming jig, comprising two jaws situated longitudinally on either side of the jig, each jaw being connected to a fixed part by motor means allowing each end of the jaw to move substantially in a plane perpendicular to the jaw in its rest position and, in this plane, in any direction, characterized in that said jig is fixed on a base linked to a table, located at the level from the ground, from a fixed frame and in that the machine comprises means for vertical guidance of the middle of the jaws, said jaws being linked to said motor means without the possibility of rotation relative to these means, about a longitudinal axis.

Selon une première réalisation, lesdits moyens de guidage vertical comprennent, pour chaque mâchoire, une béquille constituée d'une tige fixée au milieu de la mâchoire au moyen d'une articulation à axe vertical et coulissant librement, avec liberté de rotation, dans un tube tourillonnant à son extrémité arrière, sur le châssis, autour d'un axe horizontal et dont l'extrémité avant est guidée dans un plan vertical par une pièce guide en forme de U.According to a first embodiment, said vertical guide means comprise, for each jaw, a crutch consisting of a rod fixed in the middle of the jaw by means of an articulation with a vertical axis and sliding freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube swiveling at its rear end, on the chassis, around a horizontal axis and the front end of which is guided in a vertical plane by a U-shaped guide piece.

Selon une seconde réalisation, préférée, lesdits moyens de guidage vertical sont déplaçables latéralement dans le sens de la longueur des mâchoires.According to a second, preferred embodiment, said vertical guide means can be moved laterally in the lengthwise direction of the jaws.

Selon une réalisation particulière de cette seconde réalisation, lesdits moyens de guidage vertical déplaçables latéralement comprennent, pour chaque mâchoire, une béquille constituée d'une tige fixée au milieu de la mâchoire au moyen d'une articulation à axe vertical et coulissant librement, avec liberté de rotation, dans un tube dont l'extrémité arrière est fixée au châssis au moyen d'une articulation selon deux axes perpendiculaires et dont l'extrémité avant porte une noix de guidage munie latéralement de vérins à axes horizontaux portant des patins glissant contre deux parois verticales fixes de guidage.According to a particular embodiment of this second embodiment, said vertically displaceable lateral guide means comprise, for each jaw, a crutch consisting of a rod fixed to the middle of the jaw by means of an articulation with a vertical axis and sliding freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube whose rear end is fixed to the chassis by means of an articulation along two perpendicular axes and whose front end carries a guide nut provided laterally with cylinders with horizontal axes carrying pads sliding against two walls fixed vertical guides.

Avantageusement, lesdits moyens moteurs comprennent pour chaque mâchoire et pour chaque extrémité d'une mâchoire, deux moyens permettant de faire varier la distance d'un point fixe de la mâchoire, voisin de ladite extrémité, à deux points fixes du bâti, ces deux points fixes du bâti étant deux points distincts, situés dans le plan transversal à la mâchoire en position de repos, passant par ledit point fixe de la mâchoire.Advantageously, said motor means comprise, for each jaw and for each end of a jaw, two means making it possible to vary the distance from a fixed point of the jaw, close to said end, at two fixed points of the frame, these two fixed points of the frame being two distinct points, situated in the plane transverse to the jaw in the rest position, passing through said fixed point of the jaw.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque mâchoire est équipée d'un bec de formage courbe.According to another characteristic of the invention, each jaw is equipped with a curved forming spout.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite en se reportant au dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • La figure 1 représente en perspective une machine à former par étirage selon l'invention.
  • Les figures 2 à 4 montrent la machine à former par étirage de la figure 1 selon trois vues : de face, de dessus et de côté.
  • La figure 5 montre en vue de face un détail d'une béquille de guidage du plan médian d'une mâchoire dans le cas d'une variante de réalisation de l'invention où les mâchoires peuvent se déplacer dans le sens de leur longueur.
  • La figure 6 montre la béquille de la figure 5 en vue de dessus.
  • La figure 7 est une coupe selon VII-VII de la figure 5.
  • La figure 8 montre en section un détail d'une mâchoire.
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a stretch forming machine according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 to 4 show the drawing machine by drawing of Figure 1 in three views: front, top and side.
  • FIG. 5 shows in front view a detail of a crutch for guiding the median plane of a jaw in the case of an alternative embodiment of the invention where the jaws can move in the direction of their length.
  • Figure 6 shows the stand of Figure 5 in top view.
  • Figure 7 is a section along VII-VII of Figure 5.
  • Figure 8 shows in section a detail of a jaw.

En se reportant aux figures 1 à 4, on voit ainsi une presse à former par étirage selon l'invention comportant un bâti 1 comprenant une table 2 sur laquelle est fixé un gabarit de formage 3. Le gabarit 3 n'est représenté que sur la figure 1. Le gabarit 3 est lié à un socle 4 qui est directement fixé sur la table 2. Sur la figure 1, et spécialement sur la figure 2, on voit que la table 2 est située au niveau du sol 50.Referring to Figures 1 to 4, there is thus seen a stretch forming press according to the invention comprising a frame 1 comprising a table 2 on which is fixed a forming jig 3. The jig 3 is only shown on the FIG. 1. The template 3 is linked to a base 4 which is directly fixed to the table 2. In FIG. 1, and especially in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the table 2 is located at ground level 50.

Au bâti 1 sont liées par des moyens moteurs décrit ci-après, deux mâchoires 5 et 6 qui sont situées longitudinalement de part et d'autre du gabarit 3.To the frame 1 are connected by motor means described below, two jaws 5 and 6 which are located longitudinally on either side of the template 3.

Ces moyens moteurs permettent à chaque extrémité de chaque mâchoire de se déplacer sensiblement dans un plan perpendiculaire à la mâchoire dans sa position de repos, c'est-à-dire lorsque les mâchoires sont parallèles à l'axe △ de la table 2 (figures 1 et 3).These drive means allow each end of each jaw to move substantially in a plane perpendicular to the jaw in its rest position, that is to say when the jaws are parallel to the axis △ of the table 2 (Figures 1 and 3).

Pour ce faire, deux vérins 7 et 8 ont une de leur extrémité liée à un point fixe 9 voisin de l'extrémité droite de la mâchoire 5, l'autre extrémité des vérins 7 et 8 étant fixée à deux points fixes 10 et 11 du bâti 1. Ces deux points 10 et 11 du bâti sont situés dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe △ passant par le point 9 de la mâchoire 5. De la même façon, l'autre extrémité de la mâchoire 5 est mue par deux vérins 12 et 13 et la mâchoire 6 par les vérins 14 et 16 à l'une de ses extrémités et les vérins 15 et 17 à l'autre extrémité. Le vérin 17 n'est pas visible sur les figures : il est situé derrière le vérin 16 qui le cache sur la figure 2.To do this, two jacks 7 and 8 have one of their ends linked to a fixed point 9 near the right end of the jaw 5, the other end of the jacks 7 and 8 being fixed to two fixed points 10 and 11 of the frame 1. These two points 10 and 11 of the frame are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis △ passing through point 9 of the jaw 5. From the Similarly, the other end of the jaw 5 is moved by two jacks 12 and 13 and the jaw 6 by the jacks 14 and 16 at one of its ends and the jacks 15 and 17 at the other end. The jack 17 is not visible in the figures: it is located behind the jack 16 which hides it in FIG. 2.

Les vérins sont articulés à leurs points de fixation sur le bâti et sur les mâchoires 5 et 6.The cylinders are articulated at their fixing points on the frame and on the jaws 5 and 6.

Pour assurer la stabilité des mâchoires, leur plan médian est astreint à ne pouvoir se déplacer que dans un plan fixe perpendiculaire à l'axe △ de la table 2.To ensure the stability of the jaws, their median plane is required to be able to move only in a fixed plane perpendicular to the axis △ of table 2.

A cet effet, le milieu de la mâchoire 5 est lié à une béquille comprenant une tige 18 qui peut coulisser librement, avec liberté de rotation, dans un tube 19 qui tourillonne à son extrémité 20 sur le châssis 1.To this end, the middle of the jaw 5 is linked to a stand comprising a rod 18 which can slide freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube 19 which swivels at its end 20 on the chassis 1.

L'extrémité avant du tube 19 est guidée par une pièce guide 21 en forme de U.The front end of the tube 19 is guided by a U-shaped guide piece 21.

De la même façon, la mâchoire 6 est liée en son milieu à un tube 22 qui coulisse dans un tube 23 dont l'extrémité arrière 24 tourillonne sur le bâti 1.In the same way, the jaw 6 is linked in its middle to a tube 22 which slides in a tube 23, the rear end 24 of which journals on the frame 1.

Le tube 23 est guidé verticalement par une pièce de guidage en U 25.The tube 23 is guided vertically by a U-shaped guide piece 25.

Les mâchoires 5 et 6 sont liées aux béquilles par l'extrémité des tiges 18 et 22, par une articulation à axe vertical respectivement 51 et 52 (figure 3).The jaws 5 and 6 are linked to the crutches by the end of the rods 18 and 22, by an articulation with a vertical axis respectively 51 and 52 (Figure 3).

Ainsi, grâce à ce système de guidage, le milieu des mâchoires 5 et 6 reste dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe △ .Thus, thanks to this guide system, the middle of the jaws 5 and 6 remains in a plane perpendicular to the axis △.

Le système de liaison des mâchoires au bâti comporte donc ainsi, pour chaque mâchoire, quatre axes asservis dont la position au cours d'une opération de formage par étirage d'une tôle est programmée de façon à obtenir un contrôle parfait de la trajectoire.The system for connecting the jaws to the frame thus thus comprises, for each jaw, four controlled axes, the position of which during a sheet-forming forming operation is programmed so as to obtain perfect control of the trajectory.

Comme il a été dit plus haut, les extrémités de chaque mâchoire se déplacent sensiblement dans des plans perpendiculaires à l'axe △ . Sensiblement, et non pas exactement, étant donné que le centre des mâchoires est astreint par les pièces guides 21 et 25 à se déplacer dans un plan fixe perpendiculaire à △ , il en résulte qu'une extrémité de mâchoire telle que par exemple l'extrémité droite, en son point 9, de la mâchoire 5 ne reste pas dans le plan perpendiculaire à △ passant par les points d'articulation 10 et 11 des vérins, dès que la mâchoire n'est plus déplacée parallèlement à l'axes △ .As mentioned above, the ends of each jaw move substantially in planes perpendicular to the axis △. Significantly, and not exactly, since the center of the jaws is forced by the guide parts 21 and 25 to move in a fixed plane perpendicular to △, it follows that a jaw end such as for example the end right, at its point 9, of the jaw 5 does not remain in the plane perpendicular to △ passing through the points of articulation 10 and 11 of the jacks, as soon as the jaw is no longer moved parallel to the axes △.

La tôle à étirer est pincée à chacune de ses extrémités par les mâchoires 5 et 6. Sur la figure 1, on aperçoit une tôle 26.The sheet to be stretched is pinched at each of its ends by the jaws 5 and 6. In FIG. 1, we can see a sheet 26.

Comme on le voit sur les figures, les mâchoires 5 et 6 sont liées aux vérins et aux béquilles par des articulations à axes verticaux et elles peuvent également pivoter autour des axes des tiges 18 et 22 des béquilles, mais elles ne peuvent en aucune façon pivoter, par rapport à leur attache, autour d'un axe longitudinal 53 pour la mâchoire 5 ou 54 pour la mâchoire 6 (figure 3).As seen in the figures, the jaws 5 and 6 are linked to the jacks and the crutches by articulations with vertical axes and they can also pivot around the axes of the rods 18 and 22 of the crutches, but they cannot in any way pivot , relative to their attachment, around a longitudinal axis 53 for the jaw 5 or 54 for the jaw 6 (Figure 3).

Ainsi, lors de l'étirage, les mâchoires subissent un couple de réaction qui est supporté par les béquilles, fortement dimensionnées. Ce couple est transmis au bâti.Thus, during the stretching, the jaws undergo a reaction torque which is supported by the crutches, strongly dimensioned. This couple is transmitted to the frame.

La figure 8 est un détail montrant en section une mâchoire 5 ou 6 qui porte un bec de formage 55 courbe, en sortie des mors 56 et 57. Ce bec de formage permet l'enroulement de la tôle 26 contre les mâchoires. La présence de ce bec et de la béquille de guidage et de réaction permettent l'enroulement, jusqu'à 240° de la tôle 26 sur l'outil de formage 3, ainsi que le rapprochement extrême, presque à touche-touche, des deux becs qui est rendu nécessaire pour le formage des bords d'attaque très étroits d'ailes d'avions : 20 mm par exemple.Figure 8 is a detail showing in section a jaw 5 or 6 which carries a curved forming spout 55, at the outlet of the jaws 56 and 57. This forming spout allows the sheet 26 to be wound against the jaws. The presence of this spout and of the guide and reaction stand allow the winding, up to 240 ° of the sheet 26 on the forming tool 3, as well as the extreme approximation, almost touch-to-touch, of the two beaks which is made necessary for the formation of very narrow leading edges of aircraft wings: 20 mm for example.

Les figures 5, 6 et 7 montrent une variante de l'invention dans laquelle on a un axe supplémentaire d'asservissement par mâchoire permettant un mouvement de chaque mâchoire selon leur axe longitudinal.Figures 5, 6 and 7 show a variant of the invention in which there is an additional axis of control by jaw allowing movement of each jaw along their longitudinal axis.

A cet effet, la béquille de guidage 18, 19 est articulée à son extrémité arrière, par le tube 19, selon deux axes perpendiculaires 27 et 28.To this end, the guide stand 18, 19 is articulated at its rear end, by the tube 19, along two perpendicular axes 27 and 28.

A l'extrémité avant du tube 19 est montée une noix centrale de guidage 29 pouvant pivoter grâce à des tourillons 30 et 31 autour d'un axe sensiblement vertical. Cette noix centrale de guidage 29 comporte quatre cylindres de vérins 32, 33, 34 et 35 dont les pistons 36, 37, 38 et 39 portent des patins, 40 à 43, qui glissent sur des parois verticales fixes de guidage 44 et 45.At the front end of the tube 19 is mounted a central guide nut 29 which can pivot by means of pins 30 and 31 about a substantially vertical axis. This central guide nut 29 comprises four cylinders of jacks 32, 33, 34 and 35, the pistons 36, 37, 38 and 39 of which carry pads, 40 to 43, which slide on fixed vertical guide walls 44 and 45.

Ainsi, grâce à ce système, la béquille 18, 19 peut avoir un léger déplacement angulaire permettant un déplacement asservi des mâchoires selon leur axe longitudinal. Ce mouvement supplémentaire est intéressant, notamment dans le cas de formage sur gabarits coniques en permettant d'éviter des allongements excessifs et la formation de plis.Thus, thanks to this system, the stand 18, 19 can have a slight angular movement allowing a controlled movement of the jaws along their longitudinal axis. This additional movement is advantageous, in particular in the case of forming on conical jigs, making it possible to avoid excessive elongations and the formation of folds.

Ce même mouvement longitudinal peut également être obtenu par des vérins articulés entre les tubes guide 19 et 23 et le bâti 1 de la machine ; ces vérins agissant dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe des tubes-guide 19 et 23 et suivant une direction sensiblement horizontale.This same longitudinal movement can also be obtained by cylinders articulated between the guide tubes 19 and 23 and the frame 1 of the machine; these jacks acting in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the guide tubes 19 and 23 and in a substantially horizontal direction.

Une autre solution consiste à articuler ces vérins entre les machines 5 et 6 et le bâti 1 de la machine, de façon à créer dans l'espace, avec chacun des deux groupes de vérins principaux 7, 8, 12, 13 et 14, 15, 16, 17 et le bâti 1 de la machine, une triangulation tridimensionnelle stable.Another solution is to articulate these jacks between the machines 5 and 6 and the frame 1 of the machine, so as to create in space, with each of the two groups of main jacks 7, 8, 12, 13 and 14, 15 , 16, 17 and the frame 1 of the machine, a stable three-dimensional triangulation.

Comme on le voit sur les figures 1 et 3, les tiges de vérins traversent la table 2 du bâti 1 au travers de simples lumières 58. Ces lumières peuvent être obturées par un système de rideau coulissant, affleurant le plan supérieur de la table 2. Ainsi, les opérateurs ne risquent aucun danger de chute.As can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, the actuator rods pass through the table 2 of the frame 1 through simple openings 58. These openings can be closed by a sliding curtain system, flush with the upper plane of the table 2. There is therefore no risk of operators falling.

Claims (6)

Machine à former par étirage autour d'un gabarit de formage comportant deux mâchoires (5, 6) situées longitudinalement de part et d'autre du gabarit, chaque mâchoire (5, 6) étant reliée à une partie fixe (1) par des moyens moteurs (7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) permettant à chaque extrémité de la mâchoire de se déplacer sensiblement dans un plan perpendiculaire à la mâchoire dans sa position de repos et, dans ce plan, dans une direction quelconque, caractérisée en ce que ledit gabarit est fixé sur un socle lié à une table (2), située au niveau du sol, d'un bâti fixe (1) et en ce que la machine comporte des moyens (18, 19, 21) de guidage vertical du milieu des mâchoires, lesdites mâchoires étant liées auxdits moyens moteurs sans possibilité de rotation par rapport à ces moyens, autour d'un axe longitudinal.Machine for forming by stretching around a forming jig comprising two jaws (5, 6) situated longitudinally on either side of the jig, each jaw (5, 6) being connected to a fixed part (1) by means motors (7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) allowing each end of the jaw to move substantially in a plane perpendicular to the jaw in its rest position and, in this plane, in a direction any one, characterized in that said template is fixed on a base linked to a table (2), situated at ground level, of a fixed frame (1) and in that the machine comprises means (18, 19, 21 ) vertical guide of the middle of the jaws, said jaws being linked to said motor means without possibility of rotation relative to these means, about a longitudinal axis. Machine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de guidage vertical sont déplaçables latéralement dans le sens de la longueur des mâchoires.Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said vertical guide means can be moved laterally in the lengthwise direction of the jaws. Machine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de guidage vertical comprennent, pour chaque mâchoire, une béquille constituée d'une tige (18) fixée au milieu de la mâchoire au moyen d'une articulation à axe vertical et coulissant librement, avec liberté de rotation, dans un tube (19) tourillonnant à son extrémité arrière (20), sur le châssis, autour d'un axe horizontal et dont l'extrémité avant est guidée dans un plan vertical par une pièce guide (21) en forme de U.Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said vertical guide means comprise, for each jaw, a stand consisting of a rod (18) fixed in the middle of the jaw by means of an articulation with a vertical axis and sliding freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube (19) journalling at its rear end (20), on the chassis, around a horizontal axis and the front end of which is guided in a vertical plane by a guide part (21) in U shape. Machine selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de guidage vertical déplaçables latéralement comprennent, pour chaque mâchoire, une béquille constituée d'une tige (18) fixée au milieu de la mâchoire au moyen d'une articulation à axe vertical et coulissant librement, avec liberté de rotation, dans un tube (19) dont l'extrémité arrière est fixée au châssis au moyen d'une articulation selon deux axes perpendiculaires et dont l'extrémité avant porte une noix de guidage (29) munie latéralement de vérins (32 à 35) à axes horizontaux portant des patins (40 à 43) glissant contre deux parois verticales fixes de guidage (44, 45).Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that said laterally displaceable vertical guide means comprise, for each jaw, a stand consisting of a rod (18) fixed in the middle of the jaw by means of a joint with a vertical and sliding axis freely, with freedom of rotation, in a tube (19), the rear end of which is fixed to the chassis by means of an articulation along two perpendicular axes and the front end of which carries a guide nut (29) fitted laterally with jacks (32 to 35) with horizontal axes carrying pads (40 to 43) sliding against two fixed vertical guide walls (44, 45). Machine selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens moteurs comprennent pour chaque mâchoire et pour chaque extrémité d'une mâchoire, deux moyens (7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) permettant de faire varier la distance d'un point fixe de la mâchoire (9) voisin de ladite extrémité, à deux points fixes (10, 11) du bâti (1), ces deux points fixes du bâti étant deux points distincts, situés dans le plan transversal à la mâchoire en position de repos, passant par ledit point fixe de la mâchoire.Machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said motor means comprise for each jaw and for each end of a jaw, two means (7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) making it possible to vary the distance from a fixed point of the jaw ( 9) near said end, at two fixed points (10, 11) of the frame (1), these two fixed points of the frame being two distinct points, situated in the plane transverse to the jaw in the rest position, passing through said point fixed jaw. Machine selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chaque mâchoire est équipée d'un bec de formage courbe.Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each jaw is equipped with a curved forming nozzle.
EP90124540A 1989-07-27 1990-12-18 Stretch-forming machine Expired - Lifetime EP0491071B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK90124540.7T DK0491071T3 (en) 1989-07-27 1990-12-18 Machine for shaping by stretching

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8910149A FR2650205B1 (en) 1989-07-27 1989-07-27 STRETCHING MACHINE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0491071A1 true EP0491071A1 (en) 1992-06-24
EP0491071B1 EP0491071B1 (en) 1994-01-19

Family

ID=9384208

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124540A Expired - Lifetime EP0491071B1 (en) 1989-07-27 1990-12-18 Stretch-forming machine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5086636A (en)
EP (1) EP0491071B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE100360T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69006217T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0491071T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2048950T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2650205B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2650205B1 (en) * 1989-07-27 1994-12-09 Acb STRETCHING MACHINE
FR2745509B1 (en) * 1996-03-01 1998-04-24 Lohr Ind PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A TIPPER BODY WITH CONCAVE PROFILE
FR2821771B1 (en) * 2001-03-09 2003-08-29 Acb Pressure Systems MACHINE FOR FORMING PARTS FROM SHEET BY STRETCHING ON A TOOL, OR "SHAPE"
JP4603194B2 (en) * 2001-05-23 2010-12-22 株式会社オプトン Stretch molding equipment
US7069761B2 (en) * 2004-05-05 2006-07-04 The Boeing Company Gripping apparatus and method
US8661869B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2014-03-04 Cyril Bath Company Stretch forming apparatus with supplemental heating and method
US7669452B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2010-03-02 Cyril Bath Company Titanium stretch forming apparatus and method
CN102814368A (en) * 2012-08-23 2012-12-12 北京航空航天大学 Compound molding tool system for hot stretch bending and creep deformation of section bar and application method of compound molding tool system
CN102962382A (en) * 2012-12-21 2013-03-13 杨世生 Electric heating rebar straightener
RU171389U1 (en) * 2016-05-19 2017-05-30 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский государственный технологический университет "СТАНКИН" (ФГБОУ ВО "МГТУ "СТАНКИН") Sheet metal forming machine
CN113020387B (en) * 2021-02-08 2023-03-10 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Skin stretcher with three transfer and one transfer characteristics
CN113020389B (en) * 2021-02-08 2022-10-18 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Skin stretcher
CN113020388B (en) * 2021-02-08 2023-03-10 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Four-degree-of-freedom transverse skin stretcher
CN114130881B (en) * 2021-11-05 2024-03-01 上海申龙客车有限公司 Skin tensioning tool
CN117225969B (en) * 2023-11-14 2024-03-15 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Follow-up cover plate for skin stretcher and use method

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE884784C (en) * 1952-05-10 1953-07-30 Otto Oeckl Stretch drawing press, especially for flat-formed stretch-drawn parts
FR1036632A (en) * 1951-01-10 1953-09-09 Sncaso Sheet metal forming press by simultaneous drawing and stamping
FR1087985A (en) * 1953-09-14 1955-03-02 Machine for shaping sheets by tension and winding
US2943666A (en) * 1953-04-01 1960-07-05 Hawkes Thomas Blair Gripper devices
DE1235247B (en) * 1959-05-13 1967-03-02 Romeo Angel Lalli Stretch drawing press for sheet metal forming
US4698995A (en) * 1986-05-28 1987-10-13 Chorneau Frederick R Method for stretch forming drop hammer parts utilizing stretch wrap forming techniques
FR2650205A1 (en) * 1989-07-27 1991-02-01 Acb Stretch-forming machine

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2676639A (en) * 1950-09-02 1954-04-27 Richard Seifried Stretch-forming machine
US2676638A (en) * 1952-07-26 1954-04-27 Richard Seifried Stretch-wrap forming machine
US2759513A (en) * 1952-08-20 1956-08-21 Lee B Green Method and apparatus for stretch bending metal members
FR1106717A (en) * 1953-05-18 1955-12-22 Joshua Bigwood And Son Ltd Improvements made to clamping devices or grippers forming part of machines for drawing sheet metal
US3302437A (en) * 1964-06-22 1967-02-07 Cyril Bath Co Tension control
US3948071A (en) * 1975-04-03 1976-04-06 Demott Electronics Company Tension control for stretch-forming machine
SU554908A1 (en) * 1975-08-06 1977-04-25 Предприятие П/Я М-5841 Sectional Press

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1036632A (en) * 1951-01-10 1953-09-09 Sncaso Sheet metal forming press by simultaneous drawing and stamping
DE884784C (en) * 1952-05-10 1953-07-30 Otto Oeckl Stretch drawing press, especially for flat-formed stretch-drawn parts
US2943666A (en) * 1953-04-01 1960-07-05 Hawkes Thomas Blair Gripper devices
FR1087985A (en) * 1953-09-14 1955-03-02 Machine for shaping sheets by tension and winding
DE1235247B (en) * 1959-05-13 1967-03-02 Romeo Angel Lalli Stretch drawing press for sheet metal forming
US4698995A (en) * 1986-05-28 1987-10-13 Chorneau Frederick R Method for stretch forming drop hammer parts utilizing stretch wrap forming techniques
FR2650205A1 (en) * 1989-07-27 1991-02-01 Acb Stretch-forming machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69006217D1 (en) 1994-03-03
ES2048950T3 (en) 1994-04-01
DK0491071T3 (en) 1994-05-30
EP0491071B1 (en) 1994-01-19
US5086636A (en) 1992-02-11
DE69006217T2 (en) 1994-05-05
ATE100360T1 (en) 1994-02-15
FR2650205A1 (en) 1991-02-01
FR2650205B1 (en) 1994-12-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0491071B1 (en) Stretch-forming machine
DE3143618C2 (en) Extendable gripper head for gripping and reshaping a group of objects such as bottles or the like
EP0248700B1 (en) Packaging machine for &#34;american&#34; boxes
FR2509204A1 (en) AUTOMATIC SHEET BENDER
EP0156747A1 (en) Method and apparatus for cutting square or rectangular windows out of mats for making picture frames
FR2692875A1 (en) Folding apparatus for producing folded copies from a printed paper web.
FR2535657A2 (en) Transformable seat for an automobile vehicle where the seat lifts up and the backrest folds down in simultaneous movements
EP1458505B1 (en) Tube bending machine and its right and/or left bending device
WO1985000394A1 (en) Machine for the correct positioning and butt-welding of two rail ends
FR2743548A1 (en) MECHANISM WITH TRACTOR SUCTION ELEMENTS, IN PARTICULAR FOR A DEVICE FOR CORRECTING THE OBLESSITY OF SHEETS
FR2711123A1 (en) Transporter-rocker for large parts.
JPH04243926A (en) Rotational chuck for glass pipe
FR2471918A2 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPENING AND PRESENTING A BAG PROVIDED WITH AN INPUT AT ITS UPPER EDGE AT A FILLING CANNULA
JPS6036328B2 (en) Mandrel holding mechanism of continuous rolling mill
EP1264647A1 (en) Press brake for sheets with a movable workpiece stop device
CA2031976A1 (en) Drawing machine
FR2689073A1 (en) Vehicle roof elongated load carrier, e.g. for ladder - comprises support which is raised or lowered by hydraulic cylinder or electric motor
FR2850592A1 (en) Deformable part handling device for folding post, has synchronizing unit for synchronizing displacement and orientation unit with deformation unit, and head linked to head support by angular joint
DE2532432C2 (en) Device on a ball winding machine for applying ring strip-shaped banderoles
CA2251018C (en) Device for the transfer of a load by thrust and traction in the same plan
FR2520326A1 (en) DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING RECIPROCAL RECLOSING AND RECLOSING MOVEMENT OF SIDE UNITS FOR DRIVING A SEALING MACHINE AND / OR CLOSING CARDBOARD BOXES
FR2720761A1 (en) Laundry folding assembly
FR2511351A1 (en) Large paper coil unwinding support - comprises frames at adjustable spacing on horizontal tube with adjustable spindles
WO2002078155A1 (en) Motorised pliers for flanging winding bars
EP3579992A1 (en) Panel-retaining device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19921207

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930429

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 100360

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19940215

Kind code of ref document: T

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19940201

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69006217

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940303

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2048950

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Free format text: 3011478

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 19940809

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19941001

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 19941005

Year of fee payment: 5

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19941218

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 90124540.7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19950701

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19950701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19951218

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19951218

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19960630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: MM2A

Free format text: 3011478

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19961029

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19971231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19971231

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20001130

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20001204

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011231

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

BERE Be: lapsed

Effective date: 20011231

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 90124540.7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051218

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20061228

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20071217

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20071221

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20071219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071219

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20081218

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081218