EP0487960A1 - Valve gear oiling system for overhead camshaft engine - Google Patents

Valve gear oiling system for overhead camshaft engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0487960A1
EP0487960A1 EP91119104A EP91119104A EP0487960A1 EP 0487960 A1 EP0487960 A1 EP 0487960A1 EP 91119104 A EP91119104 A EP 91119104A EP 91119104 A EP91119104 A EP 91119104A EP 0487960 A1 EP0487960 A1 EP 0487960A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
camshaft
bearing
oil sump
engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91119104A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Eric B. Hudson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tecumseh Products Co
Original Assignee
Tecumseh Products Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tecumseh Products Co filed Critical Tecumseh Products Co
Publication of EP0487960A1 publication Critical patent/EP0487960A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F01M9/102—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries of camshaft bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F01M9/106—Oil reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/007—Other engines having vertical crankshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the lubrication of internal combustion engines and, more particularly, to a lubrication system for a vertically oriented, overhead cam, single cylinder, internal combustion engine.
  • Prior art lubrication systems for engines generally involve pumping oil through a hollow camshaft or crankshaft to be dispersed by rotation and gravity through small openings at various locations along the length of the shaft, or providing passages cast integrally within the cylinder block in which the oil may flow to the desired locations.
  • Another method is to generate an oil mist by an impeller splashing in the oil sump.
  • the present invention provides a lubrication system utilizing a partial vacuum, gravity, viscous adhesion properties of the oil, and rotation to distribute the oil, thereby effectively and efficiently lubricating all necessary parts.
  • the invention in one form thereof, provides a lubrication system for a single cylinder overhead cam internal combustion engine wherein internal oil passages or oil passage tubes external to the engine block supply pressure fed oil to the upper bearing of the camshaft.
  • the oil adheres to the camshaft and descends toward the oil sump in the cam chamber while a portion of the oil is flung off to provide lubrication for other valve train components.
  • the oil collects in the cam chamber oil sump which is fed to the lower camshaft bearing for lubrication.
  • the oil is then recirculated back to the main oil sump.
  • a partial vacuum in the crankcase assists in the return of the excess oil in the cam chamber sump to the main oil sump.
  • One advantage of the present invention is that it is simple in construction and low in cost yet very effective in lubricating the cam bearing, cam gear and cam-valve stem interface.
  • the drawing is a diagrammatic sectional view of a single cylinder engine according to the present invention taken along a vertical plane.
  • an engine 10 including a blower housing 12, a crankcase 14 and cylinder 16 with cooling fins 18 for dissipating heat.
  • Piston 20 situated in cylinder bore 22 of cylinder 16 is attached by connecting rod 24 to crankshaft 26 wherein upper crankshaft journal 28 is rotatably received within upper crankshaft bearing 30 in crankcase 14.
  • crankshaft pulley 34 mounted axially outward to upper crankshaft journal 28 and axially inward to flywheel 32 is crankshaft pulley 34 drivingly engaged by timing belt 36 to camshaft pulley 38 attached to and mounted axially outward to upper camshaft journal 40 rotatably received within upper camshaft bearing 42 for camshaft 44.
  • the camshaft 44 has spaced cam lobes 46 and 47 located adjacent valves 41 and 43 having valve actuating means such as tappets 48 and 49.
  • an oil pump 54 is located within an oil sump 56 of crankcase 14 where an oil reserve is defined.
  • the oil pump 54 is in fluid communication with the upper camshaft bearing 42 through an oil passage tube 58 and circulates the oil through oil passage tube 58 delivering it to the upper camshaft bearing 42.
  • the oil leaks from the upper camshaft bearing 42, and because of the viscous adhesion property of oil, clings to and by gravity descends the camshaft 44 and cam lobes 46 and 47.
  • the oil is flung by camshaft rotation to the valve tappets 48 and 49.
  • Oil sump 62 collects the falling oil, forming a pool or reservoir of oil which surrounds and lubricates the lower camshaft bearing 64.
  • the lubrication can be effected, for example, by a passageway or a slight clearance between the camshaft and the camshaft bearing to form an oil film.
  • Sump 62 also includes means for recirculating the oil to the main oil sump 56 through an oil drain passage tube 68 to begin the closed loop cycle again.
  • a crankcase vacuum assists gravity in the return of the oil from oil sump 62 to the main oil sump 56.
  • Built-in leakage around valve stems 41 and 43 reduces the normal internal engine vacuum in the valve gear area. It is this slightly higher pressure in cam chamber 66 which helps move the oil from the oil sump 62 to flow through the oil sump passage tube 68 into the main oil sump 56.
  • an oil passage 60 is in fluid communication with the oil passage tube 58 and the upper crankshaft bearing 30.
  • the lubricating oil is delivered to the upper bearing 30 and by gravity drips back into oil sump 56 to cycle back through the closed loop system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

A single cylinder overhead cam, internal combustion engine lubrication system where lubricating oil is pumped from a crankcase oil sump (56) through oil passages (58,60) to the upper bearings (28,42) of the crankshaft (26) and camshaft (44). The oil leaks from the bearings, adheres and flows down the shafts which is flung by rotation thereby lubricating the cam lobes (46,47) and valve tappets (48,49). Oil, accumulating in the cam chamber sump (62), lubricates the lower camshaft bearing (64) before being pumped through the closed loop circulatory system (68).

Description

  • The present invention relates generally to the lubrication of internal combustion engines and, more particularly, to a lubrication system for a vertically oriented, overhead cam, single cylinder, internal combustion engine.
  • In a vertically oriented overhead cam internal combustion engine, as in any engine, it is necessary to lubricate the moving parts within the engine by means of a lubrication system. This lubrication system must effectively and efficiently lubricate parts such as the crankshaft bearings, piston, camshaft bearings, cam lobes, and valves so that heat and friction will not damage the engine.
  • Prior art lubrication systems for engines generally involve pumping oil through a hollow camshaft or crankshaft to be dispersed by rotation and gravity through small openings at various locations along the length of the shaft, or providing passages cast integrally within the cylinder block in which the oil may flow to the desired locations. Another method is to generate an oil mist by an impeller splashing in the oil sump. These methods often result in costly manufacture or inefficient lubrication when applied to an engine of the present type.
  • It is therefore desired to provide a simple, effective and efficient lubrication system for a vertically oriented overhead cam engine.
  • The present invention provides a lubrication system utilizing a partial vacuum, gravity, viscous adhesion properties of the oil, and rotation to distribute the oil, thereby effectively and efficiently lubricating all necessary parts.
  • The invention, in one form thereof, provides a lubrication system for a single cylinder overhead cam internal combustion engine wherein internal oil passages or oil passage tubes external to the engine block supply pressure fed oil to the upper bearing of the camshaft. The oil adheres to the camshaft and descends toward the oil sump in the cam chamber while a portion of the oil is flung off to provide lubrication for other valve train components. The oil collects in the cam chamber oil sump which is fed to the lower camshaft bearing for lubrication. The oil is then recirculated back to the main oil sump. A partial vacuum in the crankcase assists in the return of the excess oil in the cam chamber sump to the main oil sump.
  • One advantage of the present invention is that it is simple in construction and low in cost yet very effective in lubricating the cam bearing, cam gear and cam-valve stem interface.
  • The above mentioned and other features and objects of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of an embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, wherein:
  • The drawing is a diagrammatic sectional view of a single cylinder engine according to the present invention taken along a vertical plane.
  • The exemplification set out herein illustrates an embodiment of the invention, in one form thereof, and such exemplification is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure or the scope of the invention in any manner.
  • Referring now to the drawing, an engine 10 is shown including a blower housing 12, a crankcase 14 and cylinder 16 with cooling fins 18 for dissipating heat. Piston 20, situated in cylinder bore 22 of cylinder 16 is attached by connecting rod 24 to crankshaft 26 wherein upper crankshaft journal 28 is rotatably received within upper crankshaft bearing 30 in crankcase 14. Mounted axially outward to upper crankshaft journal 28 and axially inward to flywheel 32 is crankshaft pulley 34 drivingly engaged by timing belt 36 to camshaft pulley 38 attached to and mounted axially outward to upper camshaft journal 40 rotatably received within upper camshaft bearing 42 for camshaft 44. The camshaft 44 has spaced cam lobes 46 and 47 located adjacent valves 41 and 43 having valve actuating means such as tappets 48 and 49.
  • In effecting lubrication, an oil pump 54 is located within an oil sump 56 of crankcase 14 where an oil reserve is defined. The oil pump 54 is in fluid communication with the upper camshaft bearing 42 through an oil passage tube 58 and circulates the oil through oil passage tube 58 delivering it to the upper camshaft bearing 42. The oil leaks from the upper camshaft bearing 42, and because of the viscous adhesion property of oil, clings to and by gravity descends the camshaft 44 and cam lobes 46 and 47. The oil is flung by camshaft rotation to the valve tappets 48 and 49. The flung oil impinges on the parts providing lubrication and then drips off and collects in an oil sump 62 defined at the lower camshaft bearing 64 within cam chamber 66. Oil sump 62 collects the falling oil, forming a pool or reservoir of oil which surrounds and lubricates the lower camshaft bearing 64. The lubrication can be effected, for example, by a passageway or a slight clearance between the camshaft and the camshaft bearing to form an oil film. Sump 62 also includes means for recirculating the oil to the main oil sump 56 through an oil drain passage tube 68 to begin the closed loop cycle again.
  • A crankcase vacuum assists gravity in the return of the oil from oil sump 62 to the main oil sump 56. Built-in leakage around valve stems 41 and 43 reduces the normal internal engine vacuum in the valve gear area. It is this slightly higher pressure in cam chamber 66 which helps move the oil from the oil sump 62 to flow through the oil sump passage tube 68 into the main oil sump 56.
  • In order to also lubricate the crankshaft 26 and piston 20 within the cylinder bore 22, an oil passage 60 is in fluid communication with the oil passage tube 58 and the upper crankshaft bearing 30. The lubricating oil is delivered to the upper bearing 30 and by gravity drips back into oil sump 56 to cycle back through the closed loop system.
  • As an alternative to external oil passage tubes, internal oil passages could be machined in the crankcase. This configuration would function and operate identically to the external oil passage tubes.
  • What has therefore been shown is a vacuum and gravity assisted lubrication system for a vertically oriented overhead cam single cylinder internal combustion engine whereby the camshaft, valve gear and crankshaft are lubricated by oil pumped through passages and forced to leak from the respective upper bearings. The oil descends from the upper bearings and is flung by rotation throughout the cam chamber and crankcase, thereafter collecting in the crankcase sump 56 and the camshaft oil sump 62, oil in the latter returning to the main sump 56 to again cycle through the closed loop circulation system.
  • While this invention has been described as having a preferred design, the present invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. A single cylinder, overhead cam, internal combustion engine, comprising: a crankcase (14) including a main oil sump (54) and a cam chamber (66); a vertical crankshaft (26) rotatably supported by an upper crankshaft bearing (30) and a lower crankshaft bearing in said crankcase (14); a vertical camshaft (44) rotatably supported by an upper camshaft bearing (42) and a lower camshaft bearing (64) and extending through said cam chamber (66); intake and exhaust valves (41,43); valve actuating means (48,49) operably connected to said valves (41,43); cam lobes (46,47) on said camshaft (44) operably connected with said valve actuating means (48,49); and lubrication means for supplying oil under pressure from said main oil sump (64) to said upper camshaft bearing (42), whereby said camshaft (44), said cam lobes (46,47), and said valve actuating means (48,49) are lubricated by oil falling from said upper camshaft bearing (42), adhering to said camshaft (44) and flung radially outward by camshaft rotation.
  2. The engine of Claim 1, characterized in that said lubrication means comprises: an oil pump (54) in fluid communication with said main oil sump (56); oil passages formed integrally within said crankcase (14) whereby said lubrication means supplies oil to said upper crankshaft bearing (30).
  3. The engine of Claim 2, characterized by an oil sump in said cam chamber (66).
  4. The engine of Claim 3, characterized in that said lower camshaft bearing (64) is lubricated by oil within said cam chamber oil sump (62).
  5. The engine of Claim 4, characterized in that a pressure differential between said cam chamber oil sump (62) and said main oil sump (56) assists gravity in returning excess oil in said cam chamber oil sump (62) to said main oil sump (56).
  6. A single cylinder, overhead cam, internal combustion engine, comprising: a crankcase (14) including a main oil sump (54) and a cam chamber (66); a vertical crankshaft (26) rotatably supported by an upper crankshaft bearing (30) and a lower crankshaft bearing in said crankcase (14); a vertical camshaft (44) rotatably supported by an upper camshaft bearing (42) and a lower camshaft bearing (64) and extending through said cam chamber (66); an oil sump (62) located in said cam chamber for lubricating said lower camshaft bearing (64), said cam chamber oil sump (62) including recirculating means (68) for returning the oil therein to said main oil sump (54); intake and exhaust valves (41,43); valve actuating means (48,49) operably connected to said valves (41,43); cam lobes (46,47) on said camshaft (44) operably connected with said valve actuating means (48,49); and lubrication means for supplying oil under pressure from said main oil sump (54) to said upper camshaft bearing (42), whereby said camshaft (44), said cam lobes (46,47), and said valve actuating means (48,49) are lubricated by oil falling from said upper camshaft bearing (42), adhering to said camshaft (44) and flung radially outward by camshaft rotation.
  7. The engine of Claim 6, characterized in that said lubrication means comprises an oil pump (54) in fluid communication with said main oil sump (56).
  8. The engine of Claim 7, characterized in that said lubrication means includes oil passages formed integrally within said crankcase (14), and supplies oil to said upper crankshaft bearing (30).
  9. The engine of Claim 7, characterized in that said lubrication means supplies oil to said upper crankshaft bearing (30).
  10. The engine of Claim 7, characterized in that said valve actuating means are tappets (48,49).
EP91119104A 1990-11-26 1991-11-09 Valve gear oiling system for overhead camshaft engine Withdrawn EP0487960A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US618167 1990-11-26
US07/618,167 US5090375A (en) 1990-11-26 1990-11-26 Valve gear oiling system for overhead camshaft engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0487960A1 true EP0487960A1 (en) 1992-06-03

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EP91119104A Withdrawn EP0487960A1 (en) 1990-11-26 1991-11-09 Valve gear oiling system for overhead camshaft engine

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US (1) US5090375A (en)
EP (1) EP0487960A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2056124C (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5447127A (en) * 1993-04-16 1995-09-05 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Internal combustion engine with an overhead camshaft
EP0849450A1 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-24 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A vertical internal combustion engine
US7210436B2 (en) 2004-09-11 2007-05-01 Avl List Gmbh Four-cycle combustion engine, particularly for lawnmowers

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US5309878A (en) * 1993-03-22 1994-05-10 Tecumseh Products Company Pulsed pressure lubrication system for an overhead valve engine
JPH07139313A (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-30 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Four-cycle engine
JP3354313B2 (en) * 1994-09-28 2002-12-09 本田技研工業株式会社 Cylinder block structure of vertical multi-cylinder engine
US5687688A (en) * 1994-10-03 1997-11-18 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vertical engine
US5524581A (en) * 1994-10-05 1996-06-11 Outboard Marine Corporation Outboard motor with improved engine lubrication system
JP2852622B2 (en) * 1994-12-22 1999-02-03 リョービ株式会社 Vertical axis engine and its lubrication device
JP3343800B2 (en) * 1994-12-28 2002-11-11 本田技研工業株式会社 Arrangement structure of oil supply passage to valve train
EP1471229A1 (en) * 1995-07-06 2004-10-27 Tecumseh Products Company Overhead cam engine with dry sump lubrication system
US5755194A (en) * 1995-07-06 1998-05-26 Tecumseh Products Company Overhead cam engine with dry sump lubrication system
US6223713B1 (en) 1996-07-01 2001-05-01 Tecumseh Products Company Overhead cam engine with cast-in valve seats
US6295959B1 (en) 1999-03-19 2001-10-02 Tecumseh Products Company External drive double shaft overhead cam engine
EP1039099B1 (en) * 1999-03-19 2004-05-26 Tecumseh Products Company Drive train for overhead cam engine
US6460504B1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-10-08 Brunswick Corporation Compact liquid lubrication circuit within an internal combustion engine
US7430999B2 (en) * 2006-02-13 2008-10-07 Dana Automotive Systems Group, Llc Valve cover
JP5014264B2 (en) * 2008-06-06 2012-08-29 本田技研工業株式会社 Lubricating device for air-cooled general-purpose V-type engine
JP6092813B2 (en) * 2014-06-03 2017-03-08 本田技研工業株式会社 Lubricating oil supply structure for internal combustion engine bearings
JP6458628B2 (en) * 2015-05-11 2019-01-30 スズキ株式会社 Valve lubrication device for internal combustion engine
JP2017078363A (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-27 スズキ株式会社 Ohv type four cycle engine
US20230383689A1 (en) * 2022-05-27 2023-11-30 RB Distribution, Inc. Engine coolant thermostat housing

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US4881510A (en) * 1987-12-21 1989-11-21 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Breather device of an engine
DE4015610A1 (en) * 1989-05-15 1990-11-22 Honda Motor Co Ltd LIQUID-COOLED COMBUSTION ENGINE

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5447127A (en) * 1993-04-16 1995-09-05 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Internal combustion engine with an overhead camshaft
EP0849450A1 (en) * 1996-12-19 1998-06-24 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A vertical internal combustion engine
US6116197A (en) * 1996-12-19 2000-09-12 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vertical internal combustion engine
US6283080B1 (en) 1996-12-19 2001-09-04 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vertical internal combustion engine
US7210436B2 (en) 2004-09-11 2007-05-01 Avl List Gmbh Four-cycle combustion engine, particularly for lawnmowers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5090375A (en) 1992-02-25
CA2056124C (en) 1999-11-02
CA2056124A1 (en) 1992-05-27

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